词汇与语法A
1、A good ad often uses words ______ people attach positive meanings.
A.in which
B.to which
C.which
D.that
答案：B
2、My brother was still studying into the night while I was asleep.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,te; sound
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,tely; wide
C.deeply; far
D.far; late
答案：A
3、Peter has been out of work for half a year, so he wants to _______ a job in this company.
A.prepare for
B.apply for
C.wait for
D.care for
答案：B
4、So far, he must have achieved his goal, ?
A.mustn't he
B.didn't he
C.hasn't he
D.doesn't he
答案：C
5、Generally speaking, clothing made of man-made fibers is less superior than _______ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silk.
A.that
B.this
C.what
D.one
答案：A
6、― Cathy, this is Mike. I ______ because I am go ing to meet some guests at the airport. So I will not have lunch.
― That's OK. I will wait for you at supper time.
A.have telephoned
B.was telephoning
C.telephoned
D.am telephoning
答案：D
7、_______ in the office had a mistake, and the firm regretted causing the customer inconvenience.
A.Someone
B.Anyone
C.Some
D.One
答案：A
8、The fire was finally brought under control, but not ______ extensive damage had been caused.
A.before
B.after
C.since
D.as
答案：A
9、The boss didn't know who for the broken cup.
A.will blame
B.to blame
C.blamed
D.blames
答案：B
10、-I think you have too much luggage, don't you?
-Yes. But it's not easy to decide what to ______ behind.
A.take
B.turn
C.keep
D.leave
答案：D
11、They spend all their spare time, _________ their spare money, on their experiments.
A.as soon as
B.as well as
C.as long as
D.as much as
答案：B
12、The writer tried to be as _______ as possible by cutting off every unnecessary word.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,fortable
B.concise
C.connected
D.convenient
答案：B
13、Ann is the only child of the family, but her parents don't _______her.
A.damage
B.ruin
C.spoil
D.harm
答案：C
14、All of the ________ in our school will attend a special meeting.
A.women teachers
B.woman teachers
C.women teacher
D.woman teacher
答案：A
15、My new house is really ________ for me because I can go to work in 10 minutes on foot.
A.available
B.affordable
C.convenient
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,fortable
答案：C
16、She tried to ________ out of the window to see what was going on in the street.
A.bend
B.lean
C.break
D.bow
答案：B
17、The earrings are not _________ the price that I paid for it.
A.worth
B.worthy
C.value
D.equal
答案：A
18、Such views might sound ____ __ at that period but they are out of date now.
A.senseless
B.sensitive
C.sensible
D.insensitive
答案：C
19、Of the two houses the family prefers _________.
A.the more isolated one
B.the one isolated more
C.the most isolated one
D.the much isolated one
答案：A
20、Are you _______ of how people regard such behavior?
A.conscientious
B.conscious
C.capable
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,mon
答案：B
21、Bob doesn't look his age, I guess he is somewhere in ________.
A.his forty
B.his forties
C.forties
D.forty
答案：B
22、I'm going to have a rest and _______.
A.so does David
B.so goes David
C.so is David
D.so has David
答案：C
23、Young people should be ________ to the old.
A.respectable
B.respectful
C.respective
D.respecting
答案：B
24、It was _______ of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.
A.childlike
B.childish
C.changeable
D.selfish
答案：B
25、John was _______ a car accident yesterday.
A.involved in
B.related to
C.included in
D.damaged by
答案：A
26、Grace advised us to withdraw ________.
A.so as to get not involved
B.as not to get involved
C.so as not to get involved
D.as to not get involved
答案：C
27、As a student of economics, Jack has a good understanding of the relationship between supply and _________.
A.demand
B.requirement
C.sale
D.goods
答案：A
28、Most of the workers were _______ until the firm received new orders.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,id off
B.called off
C.put off
D.taken off
答案：A
29、I'd like to explain the proposals _______ we have received many objections.
A.to which
B.to where
C.to who
D.to what
30、They had to put the meeting off ________ so many people didn't show up.
A.since
B.unless
C.for fear that
D.though
答案：A
31、Maggie ____the floor when she _____the door bell ring.
A.was sweeping … heard
B.swept … heard
C.was sweeping … was hearing
D.swept … was hearing
答案：A
32、The manager urged his staff not to _________ the splendid opportunity.
A.drop
B.escape
C.miss
D.slide
答案：C
33、His mind was busy all day and all night on how he could reestablish _______ with the outer world.
A.contract
B.contact
C.context
D.contrast
答案：B
34、He has gone to the post office to ________ a parcel that has come to him from his brother.
A.gather
B.mail
C.collect
D.pick
答案：C
35、If we don't stop the population from increasing at such a rapid rate, there will ________ not be enough room left on the earth for human to stand, let alone development.
A.constantly
B.mainly
C.eventually
答案：C
36、That poorly dressed old man felt quite ________ at such a big party attended by many important figures.
A.in the way
B.out of the way
C.out of place
D.in place
答案：C
37、He left orders that nothing ______ until the police arrived.
A.was touched
B.had been touched
C.should be touched
D.were touched
答案：C
38、You should give the application to the man ______ at that chair.
A.sits
B.to sit
C.sat
D.sitting
答案：D
39、Since there is not much time left, I'll tell you about it _______.
A.in detail
B.in brief
C.at length
D.in all
答案：B
40、______ Jerry at 8 o'clock. He will have had his breakfast by then.
A.Pick out
B.Pick at
C.Pick on
D.Pick up
答案：D
41、It doesn't alter the fact that he was the man _______ for the death of the little girl.
A.according
B.guilty
D.responsible
答案：D
42、Their idea is _______ to us all and you don't need to tell us more about it.
A.apparent
B.appearing
C.approaching
D.apart
答案：A
43、His answer was so confusing that I could hardly make any ________ of it at all.
A.sense
B.meaning
C.intelligibility
D.interpretation
答案：A
44、If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.
A.to
B.about
C.by
D.with
答案：D
45、The theory of class currently prevailing in the West is ______ based on what Max Weber, a German sociologist, proposed.
A.fairly
B.kindly
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,rgely
D.greatly
答案：C
46、The Chinese food ______ good.
A.are tasted
B.tastes
C.is tasted
D.taste
答案：B
47、In recent years much more emphasis has been put ________ developing the students' productive skills.
B.over
C.in
D.on
答案：D
48、I don't think his remarks are relevant ________ our discussion.
A.to
B.at
C.for
D.with
答案：A
49、The pilot of the plane is ________ for the passengers' safety.
A.conscious
B.responsible
C.necessary
D.regulated
答案：B
50、He won't succeed any way, ________ hard he tries.
A.whatever
B.no matter
C.as
D.however
答案：D
51、The girl will get _______ her nervousness once she is on stage.
A.over
B.through
C.off
D.away
答案：A
52、Watching sport was _________ the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons.
A.so far
B.by far
C.far from
D.much far
答案：B
53、By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________ here for two days.
A.shall stay
B.have been staying
C.will have stayed
D.have stayed
答案：C
54、You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.
A.understood
B.being understood
C.understanding
D.to be understood
答案：A
55、Purchasing the new production line will be a ________ deal for the company.
A.forceful
B.profitable
C.tremendous
D.favorite
答案：B
56、_______ his number for an hour only to hear a busy signal, she became impatient and called the operator for assistance.
A.Dialing
B.Dialed
C.Having dialed
D.To dial
答案：C
57、Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night.
A.as if
B.provided
C.even if
D.whatever
答案：C
58、It's sometimes hard to ________ one twin from the other.
A.tell
B.say
C.speak
D.talk
答案：A
59、I advise that she _______ another day.
A.will come
https://www.doczj.com/doc/356404008.html,es
C.came
D.should come
答案：D
60、How did you like the ________ of the interpreter at the press conference?
A.performance
B.achievement
C.material
D.words
答案：A
61、At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, ______ up around 4 percent of national total.
A.made
B.to make
C.making
D.having made
答案：C
62、- It is said that you've moved to your new campus. Do you have a big library?
- No, we don't. But ______ yours.
A.as big as
B.not bigger than
C.bigger than
D.not smaller than
答案：D
63、Scarcely had the car stopped ________ the cell phone began to ring.
A.than
B.when
C.after
D.before
答案：B
64、It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.
A.however
B.whatever
C.whichever
答案：B
65、- How exciting! I drove my new car at a speed of 110km/h on Sunday morning.
- Were you crazy? You ________ yourself!
A.must have killed
B.would have killed
C.should have killed
D.could have killed
答案：D
66、The uniform makes us look like a bunch of clones, especially _______ we are doing morning exercise in the playground.
A.since
B.which
C.as
D.when
答案：D
67、In Shenzhou VI, Chinese astronauts aren't only spaceship drivers, _______ machine repairers and scientists.
A.so
B.or
C.and
D.but also
答案：D
68、- Hurry, there is a bus coming.
- Why run? There'll be another ______.
A.one in two or three minutes
B.one after two or three minutes
C.after two or three minutes
D.one for two or three minutes
答案：A
69、- I have taken someone else's T-shirt by mistake. Is it Jane's?
- It _______ be hers. She seldom wears red.
A.won't
B.can't
C.needn't
答案：B
70、The hurricane left, _______ the ruins to this area.
A.to be left
B.leaving
C.to leave
D.left
答案：B
71、Some people waste a lot of food _______ some others haven't enough to eat.
A.after
B.when
C.as
D.while
答案：D
Word List (单词表) message n. 要旨，要点 tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的;(人)狡猾的beginning n. 开始;起初 semester n. (尤指美国大专院校的)学期m cover v. 处理 duty n. 任务 management n. 管理 number one adj. 最重要的;头号的 seriously adv. 真心地，当真地;认真地，严肃地 once conj. 一旦……(就……) weekly adj. 每周一次的 follow v. 遵照;沿用 following adj. 紧接着的 realistic adj. 现实可行的 essay n. 作文;短文 quiz n. 考查;测验 upset v. 打乱(计划等);打翻 ability n. 能力;才智
grade n. (考试或作业的)分数 achieve v. 获得 flexible adj. 灵活的 re-plan v. 重新计划 basis n. 基础;根据 project n. 课题;科研项目 mid-term adj. 期中的 solid adj. 扎实的 schedule n. 计划表 alive adj. 起作用的;现存的;活着的assignment n. (指定的)作业 activity n. 活动 social adj. 社交的;交谊的 seem v. 似乎;好像 back adj. 以前的;过去的 Proper Names Elwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼(人名) Useful Expressions(常用短语)
Test Nineteen 表语从句中的虚拟语气 如果句中主语的中心名词是suggestion, proposal, order, request, recommendation等，那么后面的表语从句一般要使用虚拟语气，其谓语形式为：(should)+动词原形。 His motion is that we should hold another session to discuss the problem. My proposal was that we cancel the examination and assign the students to write term papers instead. 近义词辨析 beam, shine, glitter, flash, glow 这组词均含有“亮光”的意思。 beam 指由灯塔，日月等发出的“光束，光柱”，又可比喻高兴的表情或微笑。 shine 表示通过磨擦等手段达到的“光亮”。 glitter 指辉煌或灿烂的“光辉”，其光源主要为星、剑、黄金等闪光物体。 flash 表示突然而明亮的“闪光”，光源为电、火药、炮火等。 glow 指由余烬或萤火等发出的闪烁的“光辉”，通常指无焰的燃烧。 如：Look, there’s a beam of light coming through the thick fog.瞧，浓雾里射出了一道光线。 Give your shoes a good shine.把你的鞋擦亮点儿。 We were attracted by the glitter of the Christmas tree decorations.我们被圣诞树上闪闪发光的装
11 大学英语四级作文写作常用词汇 一．图表作文常用词汇 based on 基于 category 种类，范畴 chart 图表 graph 图表 table表格 figure 数字 data数据 statistics统计数据 indicate表明 reveal 表明 suggest表明 imply暗指 rank列为，排列 rate 比率 respectively分别地 amount 数量，数额 表示上升趋势 increase增加 grow 增长 rise上升 surge猛增 soar猛增 rocket迅速增长 go up 上升 jump暴涨 leap 飞跃 shoot上涨 climb to 上升 mount 增长 ascend上升 on the rise上升 spiral upwards 螺旋上升 swell 增大 experience an explosive growth 迅猛增长 表示下降趋势 decrease降低，减少 fall 下降 drop下降 decline 下降 go down下降 slide下滑 reach the bottom of降到底部 on the decline 处于减少趋势slump暴跌 take a nose dive 迅速下降 wane变小，衰落 reduction 减少 表示平稳趋势 consistent 一致的stable 稳定的 level off 变平，稳定stay the same 保持一致 steady 稳定的 hardly change 几乎不变 remain constant 保持稳定 maintain 保持 表示波动趋势 swing 摇摆，摆动 fluctuation 波动，起伏 fluctuate 波动，涨落 表示程度 dramatic 剧烈的slight轻微的，微小的
Test Three 关于dare的意义和用法 作为情态动词表示“胆敢”，dare通常只用于否定陈述句和疑问句。例如： How dare he s dare作为情态助动词没有过去式形式，其否定式为daren’t，既可指现在时间，也可指过去时间。例如：Tom wa dare还可用主动词，随后的不定式可带to,也可不带to。例如： He does 近义词辨析 bes 这组词均含有“除…外”的意思。 besides “除…外，还有…”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。 Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗 but不包括所引事物在内，多与nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody 等连用。 He has nobody but himself to blame for that.那件事他没法指责别人，只能怪他自己。 except不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all,everyone, everything 等连用，但不可用于句首。 They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。 except for常指除去所引情况让人稍感遗憾之外，整体情况尚属理想，被除去的 事物与正在谈及的事物之间不具有共同属性或性质。 The roads were clear except for a few cars.除几辆小汽车外，路面很空旷。 全真模拟试题 1. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ A. to be robbed B. robbed C. to have been robbed 2. ______before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a A. Though having never acted B. As he had never acted C. Despite he had never acted D. In s 3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world’s population ______ in citie A. are living C. have lived D. will 4. Mr. Milton prefers to res shonest bus A. than take B. than to take C. rather than take 5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ______ going A. it is B. as is C. there is D. 6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _____ a sudden
四级语法和词汇（1） 1. My father never gave me ______. A. many advice B. many advices C. much advice D. a lot of advices 参考答案：C TIP：advice为不可数名词，不能用many来修饰，也没有复数形式。 2. She took him ______and led him across the road. A. by his hand B. by the hand C. with hand D. with the hand 参考答案：B TIP：take ... by the hand“抓住……的手”。英语的习惯是在动词后先提人，而后在介词后再提具体的身体部位，身体部位前通常用定冠词。 3. I don't think he is to blame, ______? A. do I B. is he C. isn't he D. does he 参考答案：B TIP：本句涉及的是否定的转移问题，I don't think 中的否定词否定的是宾语从句，故附加疑问句就需要用肯定的形式。 4. ______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. However 参考答案：C TIP：as long as“只要”。 5. He couldn't lie convincingly enough to take a child _______.
A . heard B . be heard C . hearing D . hear
提交的答案: In 1938. 正确答案:In 1966. 提交的答案:heard 正确答案:heard 题目详解: A . have evaluated B . evaluating C . be evaluated D . evaluated 提交的答案:evaluating 正确答案:evaluating 题目详解: A . Although B . In spite of C . Despite D . As 提交的答案: In spite of 正确答案:Although 题目详解:
A . would B . might C . must D . should 提交的答案: would 正确答案:should 题目详解: A . It was from Stephen that B . That was from Stephen C . It was Stephen whom D . It was Stephen that 提交的答案: It was Stephen that 正确答案:It was from Stephen that 题目详解: A . least B . lowest C . fewest D . last 提交的答案: last 正确答案:least 题目详解:
A . As B . It C . That D . Which 提交的答案:As 正确答案:As 题目详解: A . what B . where C . that D . how 提交的答案:how 正确答案:how 题目详解: A . In exceptional circumstances only B . In only exceptional circumstances C . Only in exceptional circumstances D . In exceptional only circumstances 提交的答案:Only in exceptional circumstances 正确答案:Only in exceptional circumstances 题目详解:
大学英语写作高级词汇常用 大学英语写作高级词汇常用 1.充足的(abundant) ample【例】 Agriculturehasdevelopedrapidly,thusprovidinglightindustrywi thamplerawmaterials。农业迅速发展，从而为轻工业提供了充足的 原料。 plentiful【例】Hotclimateandplentifulrainfallfavorthegrowthofplants。炎热 的气候和充足的雨水有助于植物生长。 generous【例】Nooneisexpectingaverygenerouspayincreasethisyear。没有人指 望今年会有大幅度的工资增长。 2.勇敢的(brave) courageous【例】 Thepioneersarecourageousindeed,overcomingonedifficultyafter another。这些开拓者的确有勇气，他们克服了一个又一个的困难。 bold【例】Big,successfulmovesneedbold,masterfulmanagers。重大而成功的'举措需要既大胆又善于控制局势的经理来实施。 fearless【例】 Togoinfortechnicalinnovation,onemusthavethefearlessspiritof apathbreaker。搞技术革新就要有一股不怕困难的闯劲。 3.合理的(reasonable) sound【例】Shegavemesomeverysoundadvice。她给了我一些非 常合理的建议。
since 英音：[sins]美音：[s?ns] 副词ad. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时) 1. 此后;从那时到现在 She left school three years ago and has worked as a nurse ever since. 她三年前毕业,从那时起便一直当护士。 2. 之前,以前 介词prep. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 I haven't heard from him since last year. 我自去年以来未曾收到过他的信。 连接词conj. 1. (常用于现在完成时或过去完成时)自...以来,从...至今 It's been ten years since they married. 他们结婚到现在已经十年了。 She has been living a hard life since her husband died. 她自从丈夫死后,一直过着艰苦的生活。 2. 既然;因为,由于 He must have taken the book since it isn't here. 他一定是把书拿走了,因为书已不在这里了。 Since it is so hot, let's go swimming. 既然天气这么热,我们去游泳吧。 when 副词ad. 1. (用作疑问副词)什么时候,何时 I'd like to know when they'll let him out. 我想知道他们什么时候放他。 When did you last see Margaret? 你上一次见到玛格丽特是什么时候?
非谓语动词 概述：英语中有三种非谓语动词形式，即动词不定式（to do）、动词-ing和过去分词-ed。 动词不定式 动词不定式是由不定式符号to后接动词原形构成，也有个别情况不带to，只用动词原形。不定式可以行使名词、形容词和副词的功能。 一、不定式充当的句子成分 1．做主语：To dance is a lot of fun. = It is a lot of fun to dance. 跳舞非常有趣。 2．做宾语：You must learn to forgive. 必须学会原谅他人。 3．做表语：To choose time is to save time. 4．做宾补：She asked me to speak more loudly. 5．做状语： (1) 表目的：I went to the park to breathe the fresh air. 我去公园（为了）呼吸新鲜空气。 (2) 表原因：I am sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉给你添麻烦。 6．做后置定语： There is no time to lose. 时间不可拖延。 Give me something hot to drink. 给我一些热的东西喝。 注意： 不及物动词后面的介词：They have a lot of things to talk about. He is looking for a room to live in. 二、不定式的几个主要句型 1．Ask / tell sb. (not) to do sth. I asked him to open the window. (= I said to him, “Open the window.”) 不定式的否定式：not+不定式: My father told me not to be late. (= My father said to me, “Don’t be late.”) 2．疑问词+不定式 不定式与疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中担当主语、宾语、表语等。 What to do is a big problem. I know how to solve the problem. Can you tell me which way to go? 3．省去to的不定式 (1) 感官动词之后作宾语补足语。表示动作的全部过程 Every bird loves to hear himself sing. 每只鸟都喜欢听自己鸣唱。 (2) 使役动词之后作宾语补足语：相关的使役动词为let, make和have The boss made them work the whole night. 老板迫使他们工作了一整夜。 注意：被动语态中，to不能省略。 They were made to work the whole night.
大学英语B——词汇与语法 1、Idon’tknow_______todealwithsuchmatter. A.what B.how C.which D./ 答案：B 答案：C 5、-Writetomewhenyougethome. -OK,I_______. A.must B.should C.will D.can 答案：C
6、He_______drivingmehome,eventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby. A.insistedon B.insistedat C.insistedthat D.insistedin 答案：A 7、Iwon’tmakethe_______mistakenexttime. A.like B.same B.yet C.still D.ever 答案：C 11、-Doyouwanttowait? -Fivedays________toolongformetowait. A.was B.were
C.is D.are 答案：C 12、IfellandhurtmyselfwhileI________basketballyesterday. A.wasplaying B.amplaying C.play D.played 答案：A 答案：A 16、Measles(麻疹)________alongtimetogetover. A.spend B.spends C.take D.takes 答案：D 17、____youknow,Davidhasbeenwelllately.
B.As C.What D.When 答案：B 18、Australiaisoneofthefewcountries____peopledriveontheleftoftheroad. A.which B.that C.where C.intelligentaswell D.asintelligentas 答案：D 22、Heaskedthewaiter________thebill. A.on B.of C.for D.after
浅谈大学英语词汇教学 词汇是构成语言的基本要素，是人与人之间交流必不可少的基本材料。没有扎实的词汇基本功，学生的英语水平很难提高。在大学英语教学中，词汇教学占据了很重要的地位。考虑到传统的大学英语词汇教学存在着误区和弊端，教师应该引导学生在记忆单词词义的同时也要注意单词的词性与搭配，在实践中使用单词带动学生的学习热情，引导他们由被动的学习转向主动的学习。 标签：词汇教学；误区；分类；实际运用 引言 在实际应用中，人们首先接触的是词汇，因为思想和概念必须通过词汇来表达。因此，词汇量的多少是衡量学习者英语水平高低的重要标志，是语言学习的根基[1]105。大学英语教学过程涉及到听力，口语，阅读和写作四个方面，听力和阅读属于输入技能，口语和写作属于输出技能，而这些输入技能和输出技能都必须以词汇作为基础[2]133。尽管如此，大部分学生的词汇量并没有很大的扩展，因此，教师需要思考和研究如何改进词汇教学策略，培养学生的单词记忆和运用能力[3]208。 一、大学英语词汇教学的误区和弊端 1.大学英语词汇教学的误区 对于英语词汇学习，存在着一个误区：单词背得越多，英语水平就越高，英语听说读写各个方面的问题也会随之解决。因为受到上述错误思想的影响，部分学生专门花大量的时间记忆词汇，甚至背很多根本就用不到的生僻词汇。结果，这些学生发现到需要实际运用英语的时候，还是觉得很吃力。 这个误区同样影响了部分大学英语教师，他们把大部分的教学时间放在孤立地教授英语词汇上面，而忽视了引导学生去运用这些词汇，把英语词汇教学和英语听说读写相结合[4]96。 传统词汇教学的模式是：教师领读单词，然后找学生重读，教师会纠正学生的发音、语音语调，接着像翻译词典一样，把单词的常用搭配、常用例句机械地讲解给学生，学生跟着教师抄笔记。在这种教学模式下，教师仅仅充当了词典的功能。这种教学方式虽然可以传递给学生很多词汇信息，但是教学过程非常枯燥，学生会慢慢失去听课的兴趣。同时，大多数教师重视的是如何增加学生的词汇量，却忽视了学生词汇掌握的质量问题。 上述误区存在的根本原因是学生的学习方法不对，由于词汇太多，很多学生只是机械地背诵单词，却忽视了词性与搭配，因此不了解单词的用法[5]110。这样往往会导致在口语和写作中经常用一些特别难的词，但是用法却不对。因此学
名词具体指导（综合练习册word building） 名词在句中多用来作主语、宾语、表语和定语。在英语应用能力考试中，要求考生根据题意把括号里所给的词变成名词，所填词多出现在句尾或句首： 1 ．所填词的特征 ①前有物主代词如my , his，their, our, your, its等； ②前有冠词如a, an, the； ③前有形容词如large，clever，foolish等； ④前有冠词＋形容词如that ancient，the clever等； ⑤前有不定代词many, much, a few ，a little，several等。 2 ．所填词多为抽象名词或表示人的名词。如decision，illness，protection 等。 常见名词后缀： 1 ．表示人的名词后缀（Unit4 Practical Writing） ①–al crime criminal ②–an Canada Canadian Europe European history historian ③–ant account accountant ④–ar/er/or beg beggar lie liar operate operator act actor village villager educate educator law lawyer ⑤–ee employ employee ⑥–ist art artist chemistry chemist science scientist tour tourist
2．抽象名词后缀 ①–ance/ence exist existence dependent dependence confident confidence different difference important importance distant distance intelligent intelligence appear appearance ②–th deep depth true truth warm warmth wide width dead death long length strong strength grow growth ③–ment move movement develop development arrange arrangement equip equipment judge judgment ④–tion/ation/ion pollute pollution discuss discussion organize organization educate education inform information invent invention invite invitation protect protection predict prediction decide decision
English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech 词类 noun 名词pronoun 代词numeral 数词adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle 小品词 2. Word building 构词法 conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词 3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类 common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词 individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词 material nouns 物质名词abstract nouns 抽象名词 countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词 the singular form 单数形式the plural form 复数形式 the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格 the subjective case 主格the objective case 宾格 person 人称third person singular 第三人称单数 4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类 personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词 self pronouns 反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词 interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词 relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词 indefinite pronouns 不定代词 5．数词、形容词、冠词 cardinal numerals 基数词ordinal numerals 序数词 fractional numerals 分数词the comparative degree 比较级 the superlative degree 最高级The definite article 定冠词 the indefinite article 不定冠词 6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类 national verbs 实义动词link-verbs系动词 auxiliary verbs助动词modal verbs 情态动词 transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词 regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词 the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式 the participle 分词the present participle现在分词 the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式 the gerund 动名词bare infinitive 不带to的不定式
英语四六级翻译高频词汇 1. theory [. θi.ri]n. 理论，原理;学说;意见，看法 2. supposed [s..p.uzd]a. 想象的;假定的 3. promote [pr..m.ut]vt. 促进，增进，发扬;提升;宣传，推销 4. abandon [..b.nd.n]vt. 离弃，丢弃;遗弃，抛弃;放弃 5. comparison [k.m.p.ris.n]n. 比较，对照;比拟，比喻 6.instinctively [in.sti.ktivli]ad. 本能地 7. passionate [.p...nit]a. 多情的;充满激情的;热切的，强烈的 8. creative [kri:.eitiv]a. 创造（性）的，有创造力的 9. appetitive adj. 食欲的, 有食欲的; 促进食欲的 10. confront [k.n.fr.nt]vt. 遭遇;勇敢地面对，正视;使对质 11. secure [si.kju.]a. 安全的;牢固的vt.得到;保卫;缚牢 12. combination [.k.mbi.nei..n]n. 结合（体），联合（体），化合 13. application [..pli.kei.（.）n]n. 申请（表,书）;应用;敷用 14. demonstrate [.dem.nstreit]vt. 论证;说明;显示vi.示威游行（或集会） 15. confess [k.n.fes]v. 坦白，供认;承认 16. neglect [ni.glekt]vt. 忽视，忽略;疏忽，玩忽n.疏忽，玩忽 17. addicted [..diktid] 沉迷的 18. quarrel [.kw.r.l]n. 争吵;失和的原因vi. 争吵;反对，挑剔 19.indulge [in.d.ld.]vt. 沉溺（于）;纵容，迁就，肆意从事 21.interfere [.int..fi.]vi.（with ，in）干涉，介入;妨碍，干 扰
词汇与语法分析 1．词汇和语法结构的考查重点 首先我们来看一看四级考试中，语法和结构部分究竟考了些什么，重点和容易出错的问题在哪里? ①语义问题，包括多义词、同义词、近义词、反义词等。英语中不少单词是多义词，而有的学生只知道它们最常见的一个或者两个意思，却不知道其它含义和在特定上下文中的引伸意义，这些都是在考试中容易考到的部分，也是容易出错的部分。英语和汉语属于两个完全不同的语系，词语的含义不能完全对等，受汉语语意的干扰也是容易出错的原因之一。 ②搭配问题，包括名词与形容词的搭配，动词与名词的搭配，动词、名词或形容词与介词的搭配，动词与副词的搭配等。这些搭配纷繁复杂，千变万化，是产生词汇和语法错误的主要原因。 ③语法结构问题，主要是时态、语态、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、从句(包括连接词和关系代词或关系副词)等方面的问题。特别是，在特定的语境中应该选用何种时态或何种句子结构，往往是容易出错的关键。 其次再看一看该部分在整个考试中的地位和时间分配。 该部分共30题，一般40％考察短语和词汇，60％考察语法，每一题0．5分，共15分，时间是20分钟。从整体上看，占分比例不大，不象阅读理解那样占分多，而且每一题分值高(每题，2分)，但显然这15分我们也不能轻易放弃。现在的关键问题是：绝大部分学生在这一部分不是花的时间少了，而是多了。我们知道这一部分的考察主要靠的是知识和语感，不是说多琢磨一会儿就能答对，有时甚至恰恰相反。所以每一题d0秒的时间显然可以压缩，根据经验大约可以到30秒一题(当然这里不是要你去计算每一题做题时间)，这样节省下来的时间可以用到分值更高的阅读理解中去。 2．语法结构与词汇应试策略 大纲要求 最新《大学英语教学大纲》对四级语法的要求是：“巩固和加深基本语法知识，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。”《大纲》对四级词汇的要求是：“领会式掌握4200单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为2500)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组1600条(中学所掌握的词和词组均包括在内)，并且有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。” 四级语法结构与词汇考查内容 四级考试对语法词汇的考查与《大纲》要求是十分一致的。综观近年来的四级考试题，我们不难发现四级考试语法词汇部分是这样体现《大纲》的。 1．语法考题的涉及面宽 近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类，三种动词的非谓语形式，名词从句，形容词从句，副词从句，独立主格，一致，倒装，强调等基本语法知识。 2．语法考试的重点突出 语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。 3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况· 1)虚拟语气的考点为：would rather +that从句+一般过去时：It is vital／necessary／important／urgent／imperative n.命令, 诫命, 需要, 规则, 祈使语气adj.命令的, 强制的, 紧急的, 必要的, 势在必行的, [语法]祈使的／desirable／advisable／natural／essential +that+动词原形；It is time／about time／high time+ that+一般过去时：proposal／suggestion +that+动词原形；lest +that +should+动词原形水only + that +would+动词原形。 2)状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so
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高中英语词汇与语法练习100题 1、____ your help we ____ not have finished in time . A. But for,should B. Except for,can C. But,might D. Without,shall 2、I’ll start to think about it ____ I have to write my report. A. before B.as C. while D. when 3、It ______ long before we ______ the result of the experiment. A. will not be, will know B. is, will know C. will not be, know D. is, know 4、Nothing ________ disaster _____ come from such a plan. A. otherwise,could B. or,might C. but , would D.without, should 5、She _____ things around. A. always moving B.was always moving C. has always been moved D. did move always 6、It did nothing but ____ us ridiculous . A．to make B.make C.made D. had made 7、The ship ____ ready for a month . A. isn’t B. has not been C. will not be D. had not been 8、They want all groups ___ an equal basis. A to be treated on B to treat C to be treated D to treat on 9、He will have learned English for eight years by the time he _____ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate 10、--- But how long can you stay in the house? --- I don't know. It _______ A. depended B. depends c. is depended D. will be depended 11、People ______ less tolerant of smoking these days. A.are becoming B.has become C. will have become D. will become 12、We ___ next winter in Australia A. are spending B. have spent C. spend D. will have spent 13、He ____ tomorrow morning on the 13:27 train. A. will have arrived B. arrive C. has arrived D. is arriving 14、The origin of the universe ______ probably never ______. A.is, explain B. will, be explained C.is, explained D. will, explain 15.You were lucky to escape ______ . A. having been punished B. to be punished C. to have been punished D. being punished 16. Anne never dreams of ____ for her to be sent abroad very soon. A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance 17. Her hair curls _____ . A. naturally B. natural C. nature D. native 18\Your hair wants ___ . A. to cut B. being cut C.cutting D. to be cutting 19. It’s no good _____ to come now. He is busy. A. if you ask him B. to ask him C. asking him D. that you ask him 20. --- How did you get to the airport? --- I got Charlie ______ me there. A. drove B. drive C. driving D. to drive
英语语法专业术语表达 1. Morphology 词法 2. Notional Words 实义词 3. Form Words 虚词 4. Parts of Speech 词类 5. The Noun 名词 6. The Pronoun 代词 7. The Numeral 数词 8. The Verb 动词 9. The Adjective 形容词 10. The Adverb 副词 11. The Article 冠词 12. The Preposition 介词 13. The conjunction连词 14. The Interjection 感叹词 16. Word Building 构词法 18. Derivation 派生 20. Prefix 前缀 21. Suffix 后缀 22. Compound Words 合成词 23. Classification of Nouns 名词的分类 24. Common Nouns 普通名词 25. Proper Nouns 专有名词 26. Countable Nouns 可数名词 27. Uncountable Nouns 不可数名词 28. The Singular Form 单数形式 29. The Plural Form 复数形式 30. Individual Nouns个体名词 31. Collective Nouns集体名词 32. Material Nouns物质名词 33. Abstract Nouns抽象名词 34. The Common Case普通格 35. The Possessive Case所有格 36. Personal Pronouns 人称代词 37. Possessive Pronouns物主代词 38. Self Pronouns反身代词 39. Demonstrative Pronouns 指示代词 40 .Interrogative Pronouns 疑问代词 41.Conjunctive Pronoun连接代词 42. Relative Pronouns关系代词 43. Indefinite Pronouns不定代词 44. Reciprocal Pronoun相互代词 45. The Subjective Case主格 46. The Objective Case宾格 47. Cardinal Numerals基数词 48. Ordinal Numerals 序数词 49. Fractional Numerals分数词 50．Notional Verbs实意动词 51. Link Verbs连系动词 52. Auxiliary Verbs助动词 53. Modal Verbs情态动词 54. Transitive Verbs及物动词 55. Intransitive Verbs不及物动词 56. Regular Verbs规则动词 57. Irregular Verbs不规则动词 58. Person人称 59. Number数 60. Tense时态 61. Voice语态 62. Mood语气 63. The Principle Forms of Verbs 动词的主要形式 64. The Present Forms 现在式 65. 动词的非谓语形式 The Non-finite Forms of the Verb 66. The Participle分词 67. The Past Forms过去式 68. The Past Participle过去分词 69. The Infinitive不定式 70. The Gerund动名词 71. 一般现在时 The Simple Present Tense 72. 一般过去时 The Simple Past Tense 73. The Simple Future Tense 一般将来时 74. The Past Future Tense 一般过去将来时 75. The Present Continuous Tense 现在进行时 76. The Past Continuous Tense 过去进行时 77. The Future Continuous Tense 将来进行时 78. The Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时 79. The Future Perfect Tense 将来完成时 80.The Present Perfect Continuous 现在完成进行时 80. The Sequence of Tenses 时态的呼应 82. The Active Voice主动语态 83. The Passive Voice被动语态 84. The Indicative Mood陈述语气 85. The Imperative Mood祈使语气 86.The Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 87. Sentences of Real Condition 真实条件句 88. Sentences of Unreal Condition 虚拟条件句 89. Degrees of Comparison 比较的级别 90.The Comparative Degree比较级 91. The Superlative Degree最高级 92. Adverbs of Time时间副词 93. Adverbs of Place地点副词 94. Adverbs of Manner方式副词 95. Adverbs of Degree程度副词 96.Adverbs of Frequency频度副词 97. Relative Adverbs关系副词 98. Conjunctive Adverbs连接副词 99. Interrogative Adverbs疑问副词 100. The Definite Article定冠词 101. The Indefinite Article 不定冠词 102. Coordinating Conjunctions 并列连词 103. Subordinating Conjunctions 从属连词 104. Syntax句法 105. The Sentence句子