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2012年上海高级口译资格证书考试试题

2012年上海高级口译资格证书考试试题SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)

Part A: Spot Dictation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on

the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLYONCE.

When you stop and think about your high school or college alma mater ,were your esperiences more positive or negative?Do your feelings of ________ (1) in that school have anything to do with whether or not your school was single-sex or coed?

________ (2) to send their children to single-sex schools, because they feel both

________ (3) when they study in the company of students of the same sex. They

________ (4).

For years, only parents who could afford to send their children to private schools, or who had ________ (5), chose single-sex education for their children. Single-sex schooling was ________ (6) for most American families. Today,however, along with ________ (7), public schools are experimenting with the idea of ________ (8).

Girls may be the ones who benefit most from single-sex schooling. Studies have shown that ________ (9) in coed classrooms because teachers sometimes pay more attention to boys. Girls‘ ________ (10) toward their studies tends to disappear as they begin to feel less successful. They start to ________ (11) outperform them in math and science. As boys ________ (12), girls start to lose it. Moreover, adolescence is

________ (13) for girls. As they experience adolescent changes, some girls become depressed, develop an addiction, or suffer from ________ (14).

In the early 1990s, some influential people said that being in single-sex classes could ________ (15). Schools across the country began creating single-sex classrooms and schools. But many critics claim that ________ (16) many actually be detrimental to a girl‘s education because they ________ (17) of sex differe nces.

The renewed interest in single-sex schooling ________ (18) among Americans. Those who give it full endorsement belive girls need an all-female environment to take risks and find their own voices .Those who ________ (19) of single-sex schooling wonder whether students‘ lack of achievement warrants returning to an educational system that divides the sexes .They believe there is no ________ (20).

Part B: Listening Comprehension

Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.

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1. (A) A courier for a tour operator.

(B) An agent for models.

(D) A personal assistant.

2. (A) To keep the accounts.

(B) To write letters and answer the telephone.

(D) To look after the models and keep them happy.

3. (A) Spanish and French.

(B) French and Italian.

(D) English and Spanish.

4. (A) Around 15,000.

(B) Not less than 18,000.

(D) At least 25,000.

5. (A) She has a universtity degree in accounting and economics.

(B) She is in her early twenties.

(D) She has adequate formal qualifications for the job.

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.

6. (A) 11 (B) 57

7. (A) The trade desicit hit an all-time high in the previous quarter.

(B) The rise in gross domestic product was equal to 6.8 percent in the third quarter.

(D) The rate or the British currency against the US dollar surged to a record hign.

8. (A) A car bomb was exploded near the Associated Press office.

(B) A Spanish businessman was kidnapped by unidentified armed men.

(D) An A.P. photographer was taken away by masked gunmen.

9. (A) Dealing in lions and other big cats will be retrained.

(B) Killing large predators bred in captivety will be made illegal.

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(D) Tranquilizing animals in a controlled environment will be forbidden.

10. (A) The governor mobilized the state‘s Natingal Guard at short notice.

(B) The earthquake caused extensive damage and serious injuries.

(D) Land and air traffic, and communications were considerably affected.

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.

11. (A) People want to use their sick days when they‘re not actually sick.

(B) People get in trouble with their boss at their place of work.

(D) Employees go to work even when they are sick.

12. (A) It costs more productivity for companies than actually absenteeism.

(B) It can be taken as an indication that there is so much pressure to go to work.

(D) There might be too many people who stay home when they‘re not sick.

13. (A) 22%

(B) 40%

(D) 72%

14. (A) Educating their workers about the importantce of staying home when sick.

(B) Letting people telecommute so that they can stay at home.

(D) Fostering an environment to encourage and paying sick employees to stay home.

15. (A) Telephones (B) Respiratory droplets.

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.

16. (A) The widespread use of illegal drugs is the greatest concern of the Americans.

(B) Almost all drugs are sold in the poorest neighborhoods in the country.

(D) The lengthy debate over legalizing drugs has been recently resolved.

17. (A) $15 million.

(B) $50 million

(D) 100 times greater than the cost of producing these drgs.

18. (A) Opium being made legal in mid-nineteenth-century China.

(B) The end of prohibition of alcohol in America in the 1920s and 1930s.

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(D) More money being needed in education and medical care.

19. (A) Legalizing drugs would be considered unconstitutional.

(B) Decriminalizing drugs would be a surrender in a drug war that has not really even begun.

(D) Legalization would lead to an increase in violent crime and child abuse.

20. (A) Americations have not chosen legalization as a solution to the drug problem

(B) The current drug war is not working and legalization may be the only solution.

(D) Politicians who have answers to the drug problem claim the most votes.

SECTION 2: READING TEST (30 minutes)

Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

Questions 1-5

Yearsago, when I first started building websites for newspapers, many journalists told me that they saw the Internet as the end of reliable journalism. Since anyone could publish whatever they wanted online, ―real journalism‖ would be overwhelmed, they said. Who would need professional reporters and editors if anyone could be a reporter or an editor? I would tell them not to worry. While my personal belief is that anyone can be a reporter or editor, I also know that quality counts. And that the ―viral‖ nature of the Internet means that when people find quality, they let other people know about it. Even nontraditional media sites online will survive only if the quality of their information is trusted. The future of online news will demand more good reporters and editors, not fewer.

So I was intrigued when Newsweek recently published a story called ―Revenge of the Expert.‖ It argued that expertise would be the main component of ―Web 3.0.‖―The wisdom of the crowds has peaked,‖ says Jason Calacanis, founder of the Maholo

―people-powered search engine‖ and a former AOL executive. ―Web 3.0 is taking what we‘ve built in Web 2.0 – the wisdom of the crowds – and putting an editorial layer on it of truly talented, compensated people to make the product more trusted and refined.‖ Well, yes and no. Sure, it is important for people to trust the information they find online. And as the Newsweek article argues, the need for people to find trusted information online is increasing, thus the need for more expertise. But the article fails to mention the most important feature of the world of digital information.

It‘s not expertise – it‘s choice.

In many cases the sites that people come to trust are built on nontraditional models of expertise. Look at sites like https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d6201987.html,, https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d6201987.html,, or https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d6201987.html,. There, users

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provide the expertise on which others depend. When many users select a particular story, that story accumulates votes of confidence, which often lead other users to

choose that story. The choices of the accumulated community are seen as more

trustworthy than the ―gatekeeper‖ model of traditional news and information.

Sometimes such sites highlight great reporting from traditional media. But often they

bring forward bits of important information that are ignored (or missed) by ―experts.‖

It‘s sort of the ―open source‖ idea of information – a million eyes looking on the Web for information is better than a few.

Jay Rosen, who writes the PressThink blog, says in an e-mail that he‘s seen this kind of story before, calling it a ―kind of pathetic‖ trend reporting. ―I said in 2006, when starting https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d6201987.html,, that the strongest editorial combinations will be pro-am.

I still think that. Why? Because for most reporters covering a big sprawling beat, it‘s still true what Dan Gillmor said: ?My readers know more than I do.‘ And it‘s still the case that tapping into that knowledge is becoming more practical because of the Internet.‖

J.D. Lasica, a social-media strategist and former editor, also says he sees no departure from the ―wisdom of the crowds‖ model. ―I‘ve seen very little evidence that the sweeping cultural shifts we‘ve seen in the past half dozen years show any signs of retreating,‖ Mr. Lasica says. ―Young people now rely on social networks ... to take cues from their friends on which movies to see, books to read.... And didn‘t ?Lonely Planet Guide‘ explore this terrain for travel and Zagat‘s for dining back in the ?90s?‖In many cases, traditional media is still the first choice of online users because the reporters and editors of these media outlets have created a level of trust for many people – but not for everyone. When you combine the idea of expertise with the idea of choice, you discover nontraditional information sites that become some of the Internet‘s most trusted places. Take https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d6201987.html,, written by lawyers about cases in the Supreme Court. It has become the place to go for other lawyers, reporters, and editors to find in-depth information about important cases. The Internet also allows individuals to achieve this level of trust. For instance, the https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d6201987.html, blog written by Robert Scoble. Mr. Scoble, a former Microsoft employee and tech expert, is widely seen as one of the most important people to read when you want to learn what‘s happening in the world of technology. He built his large audience on the fact that people trust his writing.

To me, it‘s the best of all possible information worlds.

1. According to the passage, the expression ―real journalism‖ is used to refer to

________.

(A) traditional newspapers and magazines

(B) online news and information provided by ―the crowds‖

(D) news and information from both traditional media and nontraditional media sites

2. When the author is describing the ―viral‖ nature of the Internal (para.1), he uses the metaphorical expression to tell the readers that ________.

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(A) when transmitted through the Internet, any thing harmful would quickly be destroyed

(B) any message revealed through the Internet would survive whether it is trusted or not

(D) only the trusted online information would survive and be accepted by the crowds

3. Which of the following does NOT support the statement ―It‘s not expertise—it‘s choice.‖ (para.2)?

(A) Expertise determines the choice by the crowds.

(B) The world of digital information is built on the selection of netizens.

(D) The accumulated votes of confidence lead to the establishment of expertise.

4. What is the major argument of the passage?

(A) With the development of digital technology, anyone can be a reporter or editor.

(B) Professional reporters and editors are always the trusted ―gatekeeper‖ of Traditional news and information.

(C) The choices of the accumulated online users should be considered more trustworthy and reliable that those of the few with expertise.

(D) Expertise would be the main component of both traditional media and nontraditional information sites.

5. The author introduces the Newsweek article ―Revenge of the Expert‖ ________.

(A) as a starting point for his argument and discussion

(B) to show it has won the support of Jay Rosen, J.D.Lsica, Dan Gillmor and many others

(D) to prove that the future of digital information will be based more on expertise.

Questions 6-10

Perhaps we could have our children pledge allegiance to a national motto. So thick and fast and inchoate tumble the ideas about Britishness from the Government that the ridiculous no longer seems impossible. For the very debate about what it means to be a British citizen, long a particular passion of Gordon Brown, brutally illustrates the ever-decreasing circle that new Labour has become. The idea of a national motto has already attracted derision on a glorious scale -- and there‘s nothing more British than the refusal to be defined. Times readers chose as their national motto: No motto please, we‘re British.

Undaunted, here comes the Government with another one: a review of citizenship, which suggests that schoolchildren be asked to swear an oath of allegiance to the Queen. It would be hard to think of something more profoundly undemocratic, less aligned to Mr Brown‘s supposed belief in meritocracy and enabling all children to achieve their full potential. Today you will hear the Chancellor profess the

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Government‘s continuing commitment to the abolition of child poverty, encapsulating a view of Britain in which the State tweaks the odds and the tax credit system to iron

out inherited inequalities.

You do not need to ask how this vision of Britain can sit easily alongside a proposal to

ask kids to pledge allegiance to the Queen before leaving school: it cannot. The one

looks up towards an equal society, everyone rewarded according to merit and not the

lottery of birth; the other bends its knee in obeisance to inherited privilege and an undemocratic social and political system. In Mr Brown‘s view of the world, as I

thought I understood it, an oath of allegiance from children to the Queen ought to be anathema, grotesque, off the scale, not even worth considering.

Why, then, could No 10 not dismiss it out of hand yesterday? Asked repeatedly at the morning briefing with journalists whether the Prime Minister supported the proposal,

his spokesman hedged his bets. Mr Brown welcomed the publication of the report; he

thinks the themes are important; he hopes it will launch a debate; he is very interested

in the theme of Britishness. []But no view as to the suitability of the oath. It is baffling in the extreme. Does this Prime Minister believe in nothing, then? A number of things need to be unpicked here. First, to give him due credit, the report from the former Attorney-General Lord Goldsmith contains much more than the oath of allegiance. That is but ―a possibility that‘s raised‖. The oath forms a tiny part of a detailed report

about what British citizenship means, what it ought to mean and how to strengthen it. It is a serious debate that Mr Brown is keen to foster about changing the categories of British citizenship, and defining what they mean. But it is in him that the central problem resides: the Prime Minister himself is uncertain what Britishness is, while insisting we should all be wedded to the concept. No wonder there is a problem over what a motto, or an oath of allegiance, should contain. Britain is a set of laws and ancient institutions - monarchy, Parliament, statutes, arguably today EU law as well. An oath of allegiance naturally tends towards these.

It wasn‘t supposed to be like this. In its younger and bolder days, new Labour used to argue that the traditional version of Britain is outdated. When Labour leaders began debating Britishness in the 1990s, they argued that the institutions in which a sense of Britain is now vested, or should be vested, are those such as the NHS or even the BBC, allied with values of civic participation, all embodying notions of fairness, equality and modernity absent in the traditional institutions. Gordon Brown himself wrote at length about Britishness in The Times in January 2000: ―The strong British sense of fair play and duty, together embodied in the ideal of a vibrant civic society, is best expressed today in a uniquely British institution -- the institution that for the British people best reflects their Britishness -- our National Health Service.‖

An oath of allegiance to the NHS? Ah, those were the days. They really thought they could do it; change the very notion of what it meant to be British. Today,ten years on, they hesitatingly propose an oath of allegiance to the Queen. Could there be a more perfect illustration of the vanquished hopes and aspirations of new Labour? Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair. Ah, but I see there is to be a national day as well, ―introduced to coincide with the Olympics and Diamond Jubilee - which would provide an annual focus for our national narrative‖. A narrative, a national day,

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glorifying the monarchy and sport? Y uck. I think I might settle for a national motto after all.

6. Which of the following does not support the motto ―No motto please, we‘re British‖?

(A) It is more or less paradoxical and satirical.

(B) It has been accepted by the whole nation.

(D) It displays the nature of British values.

7. The word ―tweaks‖ in the expression ―encapsulating a view of Britain in which

the State tweaks the odds and the tax credit system to iron out inherited inequalities‖(para.2) can best be paraphrased by ________.

(A) changes (B) indicates

8. According to the author, the central problem of the oath of allegiance or a

national motto towards Britishness is ________.

(A) the allegiance toward the ancient British institutions

(B) how to implement the National Health Service

(D) the British sense of fair play and duty

9. In writing the essay, the author demonstrates an attitude of ________ towards the issue of Britishness.

(A) indifference (B) enthusiasm

10. When the author writes the rhetorical question ―An oath of allegiance to the NHS?‖ (para.7), she is trying to express that ________.

(A) even the Labour Party today will not accept this as an oath of allegiance

(B) the definition of Britishness could finally be settled

(D) such an oath of allegiance should be accepted when NHS was first implemented

Questions 11-15

Over lunch, a writer outlined a new book idea to his editor. It was to be a niche

concern but promised much. The writer left the restaurant with a glow and decided to

get an outline over, pronto. But days and weeks of being too busy turned to months and then, eventually, came the shocking discovery that his editor had been rather

elusive of late for a reason: he had been busy crafting a book based on the writer‘s

idea, and it was now in the shops. An apocryphal tale, maybe, but it will send shivers down any writer‘s spine. What‘s more, if the writer were to turn to the law in such a dread scenario, the law would be of no use to him at all.

Phil Sherrell, a media lawyer with Eversheds, explains: ―Intellectual property law protects the expression of ideas, not the ideas themselves.‖ Sherrell agrees that ―the distinction is not always satisfactory,‖ but says that there needs to be a limit to the

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protection conferred on creativity by the law. ―To extend the ambit of copyright protection to embrace ideas would be difficult in practice — how would the artist

prove that they have conceived the idea if it has not been reduced to a tangible form?

It would also open the door to undesirably wide monopolies.‖

But copyright‘s 300-year pedigree might be a cause for concern rather than veneration. The means by which we communicate has changed out of all recognition from the time when copyright was invented. Today, in the post-modernist world, what constitutes an artistic, literary or musical work is radically different, not least in the field of conceptual art. Here, copyright‘s timehonoured reluctance to protect ideas is of dubious merit, according to Hubert Best, a media lawyer with Best & Soames.

―If you look at Martin Creed‘s [art installation] Work No. 227, The Lights Going On and Off, where is the work?‖ asks Best. ―Is it in the fact that a light bulb goes on and off, or in the concept? I suspect it‘s the latter. But old-fashioned copyright law does not cover this kind of thing.‖ Creed‘s Work No. 227 was an empty room in which the lights periodically switched on and off. It won the Turner Prize in 2001 to a predictable chorus of controversy. This goes with the territory in conceptual art, but other artists have found their work inspires not merely lively debate but accusations of plagiarism.

Last year, three weeks after he unveiled his diamond-encrusted, ￡50m skull, Damien Hirst was alleged to have stolen the idea for the work from another artist, John LeKay. In 2006, Robert Dixon, a graphics artist, said that Hirst‘s print, V alium,was too close for comfort to one of his circular designs in The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Geometry. Hirst had another brush with intellectual property law when Norman Emms complained about a ￡1m bronze torso which, he said, was copied from a ￡14.99 plastic anatomical toy. Emms later received a ―goodwill payment‖from the artist.

As one of the world‘s wealthiest artists, Hirst is well-placed to fight such battles, but due allowance should be given for art‘s intertextual essence. Writers borrow plots and embed allusions to their forebears, artists adapt well-known motifs, musicians play each other‘s songs and sample existing riffs and melodies. But there is a fine line between plagiarism and creative allusion, and it was considered by the courts in the case of Dan Brown‘s The Da Vinci Code. The Court of Appeal upheld the initial ruling that Brown had not reproduced substantial content from The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail. The decision was also widely seen as confirming English law‘s disinclination to protect ideas.

Yet if ideas can‘t be protected, where does that leave the writer aggrieved by the appearance of his idea in another‘s book? ―It sounds harsh,‖ says Sherrell, ―but unless a writer has gone some way to creating the work — by way of an outline and perhaps a chapter or two — there is no remedy if the same idea appears under another author‘s name. However, given that everything is done on computers these days, it would be relatively easy to prove first creation by looking at the hard drive. Other than that, anyone in the creative arena should keep full and dated records to evidence their work.‖

There is another thing that can be done. ―You can impose a confidentiality obligation

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on those with whom you want to discuss your idea,‖ says Best. ―Nondisclosure agreements (NDAs) are often used in the corporate world to give a contractual remedy for breach of confidence if an idea is stolen. But the trouble is that a writer, musician or artist who comes into a meeting wielding an NDA isn‘t likely to make friends. It‘s a fairly aggressive way to proceed.‖ Best is doubtless correct when he says: ―You‘ve just got to get on with it and do it. Once your work exists, in material form, you can sue if anyone steals it.‖

11. The story told at the beginning of the passage ________.

(A) shows the difficulties of turning an idea into a book

(B) described how the writer entertained the editor to get the book published

(D) indicates the tricky issue of the protection of intellectual property

12. The word ―ambit‖ in the sentence ―To extend the ambit of copyright protection to embrace ideas would be difficult in practice‖ (para.2) can best replaced by ________.

(A) ambition(B) restriction

13. The passage introduced the artist Martin Creed‘s Work No.227 ________.

(A) as it was most severely criticized by the media lawyer Hubert Best

(B) because it displays the dubious nature of some contemporary works of art

(D) as it was an example of conceptual art which causes accusations of plagiarism

14. Which of the following CANNOT be true about Damien Hirst according to the passage?

(A) He is one of the wealthiest artists in today‘s world.

(B) He paid Norman Emms to settle the issue of accusation of ―copying‖

(D) He is ready to fight all those who have accused him of plagiarism.

15. The concluding paragraphs mainly tell us that ________.

(A) non disclosure agreements can be used to protect ideas

(B) confidentiality obligation is the moral standard

(D) there is no other way to protect ideas unless the work exists

Questions 16-20

A new golden age of cartography has suddenly dawned, everywhere. We can all be map-makers now, navigating across a landscape of ideas that the cartographers of the past could never have imagined. Maps were once the preserve of an elite, an expression of power, control and, latterly, of minute scientific measurement. Today map-making has been democratised by the internet, where digital technology is spawning an astonishing array of maps, reflecting an infinite variety of interests and concerns, some beautiful, some political and some extremely odd. If the Budget has made you feel gloomy, you can log on to a map that will tell you just how depressed

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各种翻译证书的比较

不同点考试设立机构人事部教育部上海市委组织部、人事局、教育局考试名称（中文）全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试全国外语翻译证书考试上海外语口译证书考试考试名称（英文）China Aptitude Test for Translators and Interpreters －CATTI National Accreditation Examinations for Translators and Interpreters -NAETI 无考试设立时间 2003年12月2001年11月1995年6月考试主办机构国家人事部和中国外文局联合举办教育部考试中心与北京外国语大学联合举办上海市委组织部人事部、教育部联合举办出题部门中国外文局北外和其它院校的著名学者，国际口译协会成员上海市委人事局评卷部门中国外文局北外和其它院校的著名学者，国际口译协会成员上海市委人事局发证机构国家人事部教育部考试中心和北京外国语大学联合颁发由中共上海市委组织部、上海市人事局、上海市教育委员会和上海市成人教育委员会统一颁发考核语种英、日、俄、德、法、西班牙、阿拉伯语（现已开设英、日、法语）英语英语、日语考试费用（北京地区04年11月）三级笔译考试费460元三级口译考试费630元二级笔译考试费550元二级口译考试费720元初级笔译考试费400元初级口译考试费500元中级笔译考试费600元中级口译考试费700元高级笔译考试费1200元高级口译考试费1200元英高210元英中180元日语200元

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