北京科技大学考博英语真题常见分词及其解析
一、分词的否定式
分词或分词短语表示否定意义时，将not置于分词之前，不能放在分词之后。
例句：Equipment not conforming to official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.(2001年第24题)
分析：该句是简单句。not conforming to official safety standards 是分词短语作后置定语修饰equipment。
译文：凡是不符合官方安全标准的设备都已经搬出了车间。
例句：Not having been destroyed by the heavy snow，our houses at last were kept perfect during last winter.
分析：该句是简单句。Not having been destroyed by...在句中作状语表示原因，相当于because our houses had not been destroyed by...。
译文：由于没有遭到大雪的破坏，去年冬天我们的房子最终完好无损。
二、独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)
分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语要与句子主语保持一致，即句子的主语便是它的逻辑主语，否则就会出现悬垂或荡空结构(前面已讲过)，但有时分词有其独立的逻辑主语，即分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，这就是独立主格结构。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
(一)独立主格结构公式
逻辑主语A+分词(短语)+主B谓
在上述公式中，其中(逻辑主语+分词短语)属于独立主格结构，主谓是
一完整句子，两者位置可以相互调换，A、B两主语不一致(A、B由名词或代词充当，有时也可在逻辑主语A前加上介词with或without)，如前面所述例句。
例句：All flights having been canceled because of the snowstorm，we decided to take the train.
分析：All flights...the snowstorm是独立主格结构部分，we decided...为一完整句子，all flights和we所指不一样，即分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致。另外，公式中分词短语也可用不定式、形容词等来代替。
(二)独立主格结构具体构成
1.逻辑主语+分词(现在分词或过去分词)
例句：The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports，each making one major point in contrast with the other.(1996年第5题)
分析：该句是简单句。分词each making...在句中作同位语，对two news reports做进一步解释，可以改成...two news reports,and each makes...。
译文：本文开头和结尾描述了两则新闻报道，每则都各有一个与另一则相对立的论点。
例句：A new technique worked out，the yields as a whole increased by20percent.
分析：该句是简单句，A new technique worked out是一独立主格，在句中作状语表示原因，可改为because a new technique had been worked out。
译文：由于进行了技术创新，整个产量增加了20%。
2.逻辑主语+介词短语
例句：Mr.Chen stood there，(with)a cap on his head.
分析：该句是简单句。(with)a cap on his head在句中作状语表示伴随，相当于and a cap was on his head.
译文：陈先生站在那里，头上戴了一顶帽子。
3.with/without+逻辑主语+分词
例句：Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone added to the system，so does the value of a computer system increase with each program turns out.(1997年第7题)分析：该句是并列句。其中with each new phone added to the system 相当于because each new phone has been added...。so does...为一倒装结构，表示前面所陈述情况适合于后者。
译文：正像网络电话的价值随着每一部新电话进入系统而提高一样，电脑系统的价值也随着每一个软件的开发而提高。
例句：With prices fluctuating so much，it s hard for the company to plan a budget.
分析：该句是简单句。With prices fluctuating so much在句中作状语表示原因，相当于because/since/as prices fluctuate so much。
译文：由于价格波动太大，公司难以做出预算。
例句：Without anything left in the kitchen，he had to go out to get something to eat.
分析：该句是简单句，Without anything left in the kitchen在句中作状语表示原因，相当于because there were not anything left in the
kitchen。
译文：由于厨房里什么都没有，他不得不出去找吃的。
例句：When I came to my senses，I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room，with grandma bending over me.(2000年第28题)
分析：该句是复合句。独立主格结构with grandma bending over me 在句中作状语表示伴随，相当于and grandma bent over me。
译文：当我苏醒过来时，发现自己躺在那间小房子的床上，身上被盖得严严实实的，奶奶正俯身注视着我。
例句：For much of the past year，President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving account model，with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns.(选自2007年Text3)
分析：该句是简单句。主干部分为President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving account model，其中不定式to move...model 作目的状语，with retirees trading much or all of...在句中作同位语，对前面名词model做补充说明，相当于and retirees traded much or all of...，分词短语depending on investment returns作定语修饰payments。
译文：在过去这些年里，布什总统一直在推动一场运动，试图将社会保障体制改革成储蓄账号模式，就是让退休人员用其所得到的大部分或全部退休金换取由投资所带来的收益。
4.逻辑主语+不定式
例句：The football game ended with Chinese team defeated，the details to be reported this afternoon.
分析：该句是简单句。the details to be reported this afternoon 在句中作状语表示伴随，相当于and the details were to be...。
译文：足球比赛以中国队失败而告终，详细情况会在下午公布。
5.逻辑主语+形容词/副词
例句：Teachers and students stared at each other，their eyes full of doubt.
分析：该句是简单句。their eyes full of doubt在句中作状语表示伴随，相当于and their eyes were full of doubt。
译文：师生们互相注视着，满脸狐疑。
例句：Breakfast over，students went out the dining room one by one.
分析：该句是简单句。breakfast over在句中作状语表示时间，相当于When/After breakfast was over.
译文：早饭结束后，学生们相继走出餐厅。
(三)独立主格结构用法
1.表示时间
例句：The heavy rain being over，the soldiers went on their way. (When/After the heavy rain was over...)
分析：该句是简单句。the heavy rain being over在句中作状语表示时间。
译文：大雨过后，士兵们继续赶路。
2.表示原因
例句：An important lecture to be given tomorrow,the professor has to stay up late into the night.(Because an important lecture is
to be given tomorrow,...)
分析：该句是简单句。an important lecture to be given tomorrow 在句中作状语表示原因。
译文：因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
3.表示条件
例句：Everything taken into consideration，her plan seems more practicable.(If everything is taken into consideration，...)分析：该句是简单句。Everything taken into consideration在句中作状语表示条件。
译文：如果把一切都考虑进去，她的计划似乎更可行。
4.表示伴随
例句：A large quantity of golden fish were quietly swimming at the bottom of the lake，their tails swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.(...，and their tails were swinging...)分析：该句是简单句。their tails swinging...a clock在句中作状语表示伴随。
译文：一群群金鱼在湖底静静地游着，它们的尾巴好似钟摆一样前后摇晃。
5.表示同位语(表示对前面名词作进一步解释)
例句：Good news was sometimes released prematurely，with the British recapture of the port announced half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.(Good news was...prematurely;the British recapture of the port was announced half a day...)(2001年第2题)
分析：该句是复合句。with the British recapture of the port announced half a day在句中作news的同位语，对它做补充说明。
译文：好消息有时是提前发布的，在防御部队真正投降的半天前，英国人就宣布已夺回港口。
6.表示补充说明
例句：There were30entrants for this oral English competition，the youngest being a girl of10.(...，and the youngest was...)分析：该句是简单句。the youngest being a girl of10在句中对entrants做进一步补充说明。
译文：参加这次英语口语比赛的有30名选手，其中最小的是一位10岁的小女孩。
由此可见，独立主格结构和状语从句可互相转换，方法是首先在独立结构前加上相应的连词，其次把独立结构中的分词转变为谓语动词，反之亦然。
(四)独立主格结构特点
(1)不是句子(因为它由逻辑主语+分词短语构成，分词短语属于非谓语动词);
(2)可在句中作状语(是分词作状语的一个特殊情况);
(3)两边主语不一致(即独立主格结构的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致)。
(五)独立主格结构的做题步骤
先看例题：
Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but our work，we declined
the offer.
A.not being finished
B.not having finished
C.had not been finished
D.was not finished
译文：沃特离开办公室时邀请我们搭他的便车，但由于我们工作未完成，于是就谢绝了他的好意。
分析：该题属于并列复合句。从对本题的分析，可以体会出语法在学习英语方面至关重要，分析方法如下：
方法一：从题干可以看出，but前一分句是一个复合句，由于but连接两个并列句。“our work”应该是从句，但其前没有连词，因此它只能在句中作一成分，于是排除C，D选项。另外，由于工作与完成之间是被动关系，也就可以排除B选项，因为B选项为现在分词完成式，表示主动，由此得出答案为A选项。
方法二：从but后一句中我们可以从句意判断“我们拒绝搭车”是由于工作未完成，因此“our work”在句中作状语表示原因，由于其前省略连词，而独立主格结构完全符合这一表达形式，即“逻辑主语A+分词(短语)+主B 谓”结构。句中our work为分词not being finished的逻辑主语，如果在but后加一连词because/as或在we declined the offer前加一连词so，那么正确答案则为D项，因此整个句子相等于Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office，but because/as our work was not finished，we declined the offer.
所以独立主格结构特点为：
1.表面上看似并列句;
2.从语意上判断却有着某些方面的主从关系;
3.没有表示主从关系的关系词。
利用这些特点，我们不难得出下述选择题的正确选项：
，we have to adopt new measures to solve the problem.
A.So is the situation
B.That being the case
C.That is the case
D.The situation is so
译文：如果情况是这样，那么我们就不得不采取新的措施来解决这个问题。
分析：由题干可看出，横线中要填的句子内容和句子we have to...似乎为两并列句，但从句意上判断，表面上的两并列句其实隐含着某些方面的主从关系，表原因或条件，但却没有表原因的关系词because，since，as或so，也没有表条件的if，所以横线上要填的应是句子的成分，而不是一个完整的句子，故选B。(相当于Because/If that is the case，we...)
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑
北京大学考博英语模拟题14 Part ⅠVocabulary 1. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a ______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion. A.long B.forever https://www.doczj.com/doc/314903599.html,sting D.lively 答案：C [解答] 本题空格处是说留下持久的印记。long的意思是“长期的”；forever的意思是“永远”；lasting的意思是“持久的”；lively的意思是“活泼的，逼真的”。四个选项中只有C项符合题意。 2. The magician picked out several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. A.by accident B.on average C.on occasion D.at random 答案：D by accident偶然的。on average平均的。on occasion有时。at random随意的。 3. British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered ______ yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats. A.a sharp set-back B.severe set-back C.a severe blown-up D.sharp blown-up
西安交通大学考博英语试题及其解析 I.In each question,decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET,(15points) EXAMPLE: I was caught_the rain yesterday. A.in B.by C.with D.at ANSWER:(A) l.Those two families have been quarrelling__each other for many years. A.to B.between C.against D.with 2.There are many things whose misuse is dangerous,bur it is hard to think of anything that can be compared___ A.in B.with C.among D.by 3."How often have you seen cases like this?"one surgeon asked another."Oh,__times,I guess,"was the reply. A.hundred of B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.hundred 4.Give me your telephone number__I need your help. A.whether B.unless C.so that D.in case 5.You sang well last night.We hope you'll sing__. A.more better B.still better C.nicely D.best 6.Those people__a general understanding of the present situation. https://www.doczj.com/doc/314903599.html,ck of B.are lacking of https://www.doczj.com/doc/314903599.html,ck D.are in lack 7.Alone in a desert house,he was so busy with his research work
2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案【十篇】 仰望天空时，什么都比你高，你会自卑;俯视大地时，什么都比你低，你会自负;只有放宽视野，把天空和大地尽收眼底，才能在苍穹泛土之间找到你真正的位置。无须自卑，不要自负，坚持自信。以下我无忧考网为考生整理的《2018考博英语翻译练习题及答案第二部分【十篇】》供您查阅。 2018考博英语翻译练习：泡腊八蒜 考博英语翻译题型多为汉译英，各博士招生院校大多都有此题型，考博英语复习初期阶段新东方在线考博频道为考博生们整理了一些考博英语翻译练习，供大家平日复习。 泡腊八蒜是中国北方，尤其是华北地区的一个习俗。顾名思义，就是在阴历腊月初八的这天来泡制大蒜。其实材料非常简单，就是醋和大蒜瓣儿。做法也是极其简单，将剥了皮的蒜瓣儿放到一个可以密封的罐子、瓶子之类的容器里面，然后倒入醋，封上口放到一个冷的地方。慢慢地，泡在醋中的蒜就会变绿，最后会变得通体碧绿的，如同翡翠碧玉。老北京人家，一到腊月初八，过年的气氛一天赛过一天，
华北大部分地区在腊月初八这天有用醋泡蒜的习俗。 译文参考： Laba garlic bulbs in the north,particularly in North China,a custom. As the name suggests,at the eighth daytime of the twelfth lunar day the Chinese people are apt to cook garlic.In fact,the materials is very easy, that is,vinegar and garlic petal.Approach is extremely simple too,the rinded garlic cloves can be sealed into a jar,flasks and the favor inside the container,then pour vinegar,sealed port into a cold location. Slowly, the garlic drenched in vinegar ambition turn green,and finally transform entire body green as emerald jade.Old Beijing human,1 to the eighth daytime of the twelfth lunar month,one day outdo the air of Chinese New Year day in most parts of north China this day be serviceable in the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month vinegar and garlic bulbs custom. 解析： 大蒜：garlic
2012年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解 Paper One Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15%) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center. 1. It was very difficult to find the parts needed to do the job because of the ______ way the store was organized. A. logical B. haphazard C. orderly D. tidy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：由于店铺东西摆放杂乱无章，干活时找寻所需东西相当困难。haphazard 随意的；无计划的；胡乱的。orderly整齐的；有组织的。 2. Mississippi also upholds the South’s well-deserved reputation for warm, hospitable people; balmy year-round weather; and truly ______ cuisine. A. destructive B. horrible
Part Two:Structure and Written Expression(20%) Directions:For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked、Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet、 11. Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution、 A.admits of B、requires of C、needs of D、seeks for 12.In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message、 A.accustomed to split and divided B.accustomed to splitting and dividing C.accustomed to split and dividing D.accustomed to splitting and divided 13.Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value、 A、at itself B、as itself C、on itself D、in itself 14. us earlier, your request to the full、 A、You have contacted…we could comply with B、Had you contacted…we could have complied with C、You had contacted…could we have complied with D、Have you contacted…we could comply with 15.The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy、 A、discard B、discreet C、discord D、disgorge 16、Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology、No one can shield himself such an influence、 A、on…by…at B、by…for…in C、from…in…on D、through…with…from 17、The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety、Now it appears to create 、 A、bore B、bored C、boredom D、bordom 18、Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz、 A、lacked B、lacking C、for lack of D、lack of 19、There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine、 A、that have to B、have to C、having to D、has to 20、The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it、 A、none the worse B、none the better C、never worse D、never better 21、As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color、 A、cried out for…cried out for B、cry out for…cry out for C、had cried out for…cried out for D、had cried out for…cry out for 22、While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very 、 A、trigger B、meager C、vigor D、linger 23、Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology、 A、as much the Africans are detribalized B、the Africans are much being detribalized C、as much as the Africans are being detribalized D、as much as the Africans are detribalized 24、We admire his courage and self-confidence、 A、can but B、cannot only C、cannot but D、can only but 25、In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to notice that the violence of cars in the streets was more hysterical、
四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 阅读 1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? I t was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing a s “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to tradi t ional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C） 22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____. A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language（C） 23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___. A) a Substandard language B) a genuine language C) an artificial language D) an international language（B）
北京大学考博英语真题常见句子翻译方法近期很多考生问关于条件状语从句的分析和翻译问题，在此，育明考博老师结合同学提出的两个典型问题为大家分析条件状语从句，并给出相应的参考译文。 一、问题：请分析并翻译：If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. 解析：很多考生看到这样一句从横三、四行的长句会心生畏惧，对自己没有信心，自然也就无法理清这句中的各种枝节。拿到这样的一个句子，最主要的仍然是先把主干找到，然后再看其他部分和主干的关系。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 句子主干：you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties 主干是由两个并列的分句组成的，第一个分句是you will be in a position to know the experiences主系表结构，第二个分句是it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties形式主语+系表结构+不定式作真正的主语。
General English Admission Test For Non-English Major Ph.D. program (Harbin Institute of Technology) Passage One Questions 1-7 are based on the following passage: According to a recent theory, Archean-age gold-quartz vein systems were formed over two billion years ago from magmatic fluids that originated from molten granitelike bodies deep beneath the surface of the Earth. This theory is contrary to the widely held view that the systems were deposited from metamorphic fluids, that is, from fluids that formed during the dehydration of wet sedimentary rocks. The recently developed theory has considerable practical importance. Most of the gold deposits discovered during the original gold rushes were exposed at the Earth’s surface and were found because the y had shed trails of alluvial gold that were easily traced by simple prospecting methods. Although these same methods still leas to an occasional discovery, most deposits not yet discovered have gone undetected because they are buried and have no surface expression. The challenge in exploration is therefore to unravel the subsurface geology of an area and pinpoint the position of buried minerals. Methods widely used today include analysis of aerial images that yield a broad geological overview, geophysical techniques that provide data on the magnetic, electrical, and mineralogical properties of the rocks being investigated, and sensitive chemical tests that are able to detect : the subtle chemical halos that often envelop mineralization. However, none of these high-technology methods are of any value if the sites to which they are applied have never mineralized, and to maximize the chances of discovery the explorer must therefore pay particular attention to selecting the ground formations most likely to be mineralized. Such ground selection relies to varying degrees on conceptual models, which take into account theoretical studies of relevant factors. These models are constructed primarily from empirical observations of known mineral deposits and from theories of ore-forming processes. The explorer uses the models to identify those geological features that are critical to the formation of the mineralization being modeled, and then tries to select areas for exploration that exhibit as many of the critical features as possible. 1. The author is primarily concerned with . A. advocating a return to an older methodology. B. explaining the importance of a recent theory. C. enumerating differences between two widely used methods D. describing events leading to a discovery 2. According to passage, the widely held view of Archean-age gold-quartz vein
北京大学考博英语历年试题综合分析 导言：考博英语真题的重要性 全国各大院校在制定本校英语专业考试大纲时，对英语的考核基本上不指定参考书，考生在备考时往往感到漫无目的，无所适从，所以对各大院校的考博英语历年真 题分析则显得尤为重要。华慧考博英语教研中心在历时8年的教学研究的过程中，总 结国内50多所重点院校的考博英语试题的出题特点与规律，认为考生精研各院校的历年试题对考出良好的成绩有非常大的帮助。 考博英语试题的独特性 众所周知，英语类的考试，如高考、大学英语四六级、专业四八级考试、研究生 入学考试等均由统一的命题组人员统一命制试题，命题组阵容强大，且耗费的人力、物力也不在少数，其题目基本是原创题目。而考博英语却并非这样，因此，考博英 语有其自身的独特性，考博英语的独特性主要表现在其命题方式与题目来源两方面。 首先，从命题方式来看，博士考试中，要求考生达到英语的最低分数线，这一要 求就注定了各大考博院校的英语试题的命题方式，各大考博院校不会花费大量的人力、物力及时间原创一套考博英语试题。并且各大院校为了保证其试题的准确性，一般会 选择已经考过的各类相关难度的试题，这样就可以避免出现大量的因个人学术水平方 面而引起的错误和争议。 其次，从题目来源看，各大院校的考博英语试题基本来自专四、专八、六级、杂 志文章或其它考博院校的原题，极少出现原创题目。因其题目来源的独特性，我们研 究各大院校的考博英语试题就显得非常有必要且益处极大。如果考生在考前了解了这 一情况，且充分重视这个规律，那么获得考博英语高分不是什么难事。所以考生考前 精研考博英语真题是非常有必要的。
考博英语试题的作用 考博英语试题的作用主要有三个，即指导、规划与调控作用。 指导作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，考生可以了解该院校的题目类型、题目来源、 题目难度等，指导考生在较短的时间内找到正确的复习方法，获得自己满意的成绩。 规划作用。考生在宏观把握所报考院校的英语试题的出题规律后，结合自身的英语情况，对自己的英语备考做出一个正确且切合实际的复习规划。 调控作用。通过研读历年的考博英语试题，以所报考院校的英语真题为标杆，随时监控与调节自己的复习计划，使自己的复习计划在最短的时间内获得满意的成绩。 由此可知，研究真题对于考生在较短时间内提升成绩是有很大帮助的。因此，华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学历年的考博真题进行了细致且深入的研究，将北京大学考博英语的出题特点、题目类型等进行了详细论述，对下一年度的考博英语命题趋势进行了预测，并提出了针对北京大学考博英语的备考方法，让考生的复习备考更加具有针对性，让考生少走弯路，快速提高考试成绩。 以下是华慧考博英语研究中心对北京大学考博英语历年试题详细分析。 一、北京大学考博英语试题的考核要求 北京大学博士研究生非英语专业入学考试是学校为招收博士研究生而设置的选拔性考试。教育部颁布的《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》规定：“博士生入学其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。根据这一规定，并结合历年招收博士研究生的具体情况，我校博士生入学英语考试既考查考生的语言知识，又注重测试考生的语言应用能力。
2015年华东师范大学考博英语真题及详解 Paper One Part I Vocabulary and Structure(15%) Directions:There are30incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre. 1.Mo Yan is_____as one of China’s most talented writers. A.acclaimed B.claimed C.blamed D.studied 【答案】B 【解析】句意：莫言被称为中国最有才华的作家之一。be claimed as意为“被称为”，符合句意，故选B项。 2.There has been no twentieth-century anthropologist more_____or more controversial than Margaret Mead. A.imaginative B.hard-working C.celebrated D.strong-minded 【答案】C 【解析】句意：20世纪的人类学家中没有谁比玛格丽特·米德更著名或者说更有争议。备受争议从侧面说明了她比较出名，celebrated“著名的，有名望的”符合句意。故选C项。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/314903599.html,munication satellites transmit information more_____than do ordinary shortwave radios. A.conveniently B.reliably C.accessibly D.concisely 【答案】B 【解析】句意：通讯卫星比普通的短波无线电通讯传送信息更加可靠。reliably可靠地。conveniently便利地，合宜的。accessibly可接近地，可得到地。concisely简洁地。这里强
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%） Directions：For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet. 11．Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing”for human being is a question that a wide solution. A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D.seeks for 12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control, it is sometimes a bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message. A．accustomed to split and divided B．accustomed to splitting and dividing C．accustomed to split and dividing D．accustomed to splitting and divided 13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value. A. at itself B. as itself C. on itself D. in itself 14．us earlier, your request to the full. A.You have contacted…we could comply with B.Had you contacted…we could have complied with C.You had contacted…could we have complied with D.Have you contacted…we could comply with 15．The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to or to root out, apart from monarchy. A. discard B. discreet C. discord D. disgorge 16. Living constantly in the atmosphere of slave, he became infected the unconscious their psychology. No one can shield himself such an influence. A. on…by…at B. by…for…in C. from…in…on D. through…with…from 17. The effect of electric technology had at first been anxiety. Now it appears to create . A. bore B. bored C. boredom D. bordom 18. Jazz tends to be a casual dialogue form of dance quite in the receptive and mechanical forms of the waltz. A. lacked B. lacking C. for lack of D. lack of 19. There are too many complains about society move too fast to keep up with the machine. A. that have to B. have to C. having to D. has to 20. The poor girl spent over half a year in the hospital but she is now for it. A. none the worse B. none the better C. never worse D. never better 21. As the silent film sound, so did the sound film color. A. cried out for…cried out for B. cry out for…cry out for C. had cried out for…cried out for D. had cried out for…cry out for 22. While his efforts were tremendous the results appeared to be very . A. trigger B. meager C. vigor D. linger 23. Western man is himself being de-Westernized by his own speed-up, by industrial technology. A. as much the Africans are detribalized B. the Africans are much being detribalized C. as much as the Africans are being detribalized D. as much as the Africans are detribalized 24. We admire his courage and self-confidence. A. can but B. cannot only C. cannot but D. can only but 25. In the 1930’s, when millions of comic books were the young with fighting and killing, nobody seemed to
北京语言大学考博英语真题及其解析Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a text about preparing in the academic community.Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered.There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points) Long before Man lived on the Earth,there were fishes,reptiles, birds,insects,and some mammals.Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today,others are now extinct,that is,they have no descendants alive now. 41Very occasionally the rocks show impression of skin,so that, apart from color,we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago.That kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land,often of the plants that grew on it,and even of its climate. 42Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action,and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water.Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals,birds,and insects of which we know noting.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi. 43There were also crablike creatures,whose bodies were covered