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最新广西南宁三中中考模拟测试化学试题

最新广西南宁三中中考模拟测试化学试题
最新广西南宁三中中考模拟测试化学试题

广西南宁三中中考模拟测试化学试题

广西南宁三中2012年中考模拟测试化学试题(四)

考生注意:

可能用

到的相

对原子质量:H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 S-32 Ca-40 Cl-35.5 Al-27 Fe-56 Zn-65 Cu-64

一、选择题(本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。1~12题每题各有一个正确选项,13~15题每题有一个或两个正确选项,请将正确选项的序号添入括号内) 1.下列各图所示变化属于物理变化的是( B )

2.石油没有固定的沸点,炼油厂根据石油中各成分沸点不同,将其分离开来,得到汽油、煤油、柴油等。由此推断石油属于B

A.单质

B.混合物

C.纯净

物 D.化合物

3.下列实验操作正确的是( A )

题号一二三四五六总分

得分

4.下列关于燃烧现象的描述中正确的是C

A.木炭在空气中燃烧后,生成黑色的固体

B.硫粉在氧气中燃烧,产生大量白烟

C.镁条在空气中燃烧,发出耀眼的白光

D.红磷在空气中燃烧,产生蓝紫色火焰

5、下列是几种粒子的结构示意图,其中表示阳离子的是:A

6.下列有关高分子材料的说法中,错误的是C

A.快餐饭盒应该使用可降解塑料 B.塑料都是合成材料

C.食品袋采用聚氯乙烯塑

料 D.可通过燃烧鉴别羊毛和化纤

7.鉴别下列各组物质,选用括号内的试剂或方法,不合理的 D

A.纯碱和食盐(稀盐酸)

B.硬水与软水(肥皂水)

C.羊毛与涤纶(灼烧)

D.氧化铜与木炭粉(观察颜色)

8. 为了纪念中国海军成立60周年,今年4月23日在青岛附近的海域举行了盛大的海上阅兵活动,我国首次展示了自制的核潜艇。核潜艇上备有的氧气再生药板是由一片片涂有过氧化钠(Na2O2)的薄板组成,使用时Na2O2与CO2反应放出O2,反应的化学方程式为:2Na2O2 + 2CO22M + O2 ,则M的化学式为 C

A.Na

2

O B.NaOH C.N

a 2CO

3

D.NaHCO

3

9.今年4月22日是第40个世界地球日,主题为“绿色世纪”。保

护地球是我们每个公民应尽的义务和责任,下列举措不符合这一主

题的是D

A.某些工业废水处理后可循环使用,以节约水资源。

B.积极开发使用风能、太阳能、潮汐能等新能源,减少化石燃料的使用。C.禁止秸秆就地焚烧,提倡用秸秆代替煤作燃料进行火力发电进行。

D.为解决“白色污染”问题,应将所有废弃塑料采用焚烧的方法处理。

10、X、y、Z三种物质的溶解度曲线如图所示,则

下列说法正确的是:D

A、100g水中溶解80gX即可得到X的饱和溶液

B、溶解度Y>X>Z

C、t℃时,X、Y、Z的饱和溶液中,溶质质量分数相等

D、t℃时,X、Y两种物质的溶解度相等

11.下列叙述正确的是 A

A.做细铁丝在氧气中燃烧实验时,集气瓶底应先放一些水

B.氧气可以支持燃烧,具有可燃性

C.经常用钢丝球洗刷铝锅,能使之光亮、耐用

D.钢铁闸门浸入水下的部分比靠近水面的部分更容易生锈

12.下面是4位同学对“化学与健康”这一话题发表的见解,其中正确的是B

13.下列物质分离方法错误的是( A )

A.除去CO

2

中混有的少量CO:导出点燃

B.粗盐提纯的步骤:溶解→过滤→蒸发→冷却结晶→过滤

C.除去H

2

中混有的HCl:将气体通过装有NaOH溶液的洗气瓶

D.除去铜粉中混有的CuO:用足量的稀硫酸浸泡后过滤、洗涤

14.某无色气体可能含有CO

2、CO、H

2

中的一种或几种,依次进行以下实验(假

设每步反应均完全进行):①通过赤热的炭层后。恢复到原状态,气体体积不变;②通过灼热的CuO时,固体变成红色。③通过白色CuSO4粉末时,粉末变成蓝色晶体。④通人澄清石灰水中,石灰水变浑浊.下列判断正确的是( BD )

A.原混合气体中一定含有CO

2、CO、H

2

B.原混合气体中一定没有CO

2,一定含有H

2

和CO

C.原混合气体中一定含有H

2和CO

2

,可能含有CO

D.根据①④,可推断实验过程中一定有CO

2

生成

15.已知某固体粉末是由NaCl、Ba(NO

3)

2

、CuSO

4

、Na

2

SO

4

、Na

2

CO

3

中的一种或几

种组成,取这种粉末加足量的水,振荡后呈浑浊,再加稀盐酸,沉淀不溶解,过滤后得无色滤液,取滤液并滴加AgNO3溶液,产生白色沉淀,对原固体粉末的判断正确的是( D )

A.可能含CuSO

4和Na

2

CO

3

B.一定含NaCl,可能含Ba(NO

3)

2

、Na

2

SO

4

,一定不含Na

2

CO

3

、CuSO

4

C.一定含NaCl、Ba(NO

3)

2

、Na

2

SO

4

,一定不含Na

2

CO

3

,可能含CuSO

4

D.可能含NaCl,一定含Ba(NO

3)

2

、Na

2

SO

4

,一定不含Na

2

CO

3

、CuSO

4

二、填空题(本题共7小题,每空1分,共20分)

16.用化学用语表示:

(1)2个铜离子; (2)氧化铁中铁元素的化合价为+3价;

(3)地壳中含量最多的元素

是;

(4)醋是生活中常用的调味剂,其溶质是;

(5)溶于水温度降低的一种盐;

17、图为同学们使用的一种碳素墨水笔,在组成这种墨水笔的各种材料中:

⑴属于有机高分子材料的是;(选填一种即可,下同)

⑵含有单质的是;

⑶写出其中的一种金属材料与硫酸铜

溶液发生反应的一个化学方程式:

18.化学课上老师表演了一个小魔术——“无中生有”:相同条

件下,

向A、B两个体积相同的集气瓶中分别充满无色的硫化氢(H2S)

气体和二氧化硫气体。如图所示,抽开毛玻璃片,瓶口对

紧,颠倒几次,使两种气体充分混合。一会儿,观察到两瓶

内壁附着淡黄色固体颗粒。请回答下列问题:

(1)若用“”表示氢原子,用“”表示氧原子,用“”表示硫原子,上述反应过程可用下图表示:

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