初中英语复习专辑
—、名词
课前
名词的数
1、可数名词与不可数名词
A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点：
1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.
2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语
eg. There is ____ bread on the table.
A. a
B. one
C. a piece of
D. many
There is some_______ on the plate.
A. apple
B. fish
C. milks
D. deer
2、可数名词的复数
A、不规则变化：
man—men woman—women child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen 例外German_Germans
foot—feet tooth—teeth mouse—mice
B、规则变化
1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加es 读[iz]
2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加s
eg. box es [b ks iz] blous es [blauz iz]
3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz]
eg. kniv es [na ivz]
4) ―辅+y‖结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s]
5)一般加s 浊就浊[z]
eg. book s[buk s] pen s[pen z] babi es[beibi z]
但注意以下几点：
①potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes hero_heroes
②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese
③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数其它边第二部分
man doctor — men doctors appie tree_apple trees
⑤“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans
⑥people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念The police are looking for the missing boy.
3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是―……的‖)
A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意：
1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”
Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲
Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.
2)以s结尾的词只加“’ ”
eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father
3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导
eg. the leg of the desk
4)双重所有格：a friend of my fathe r’s
a friend of mine ( √) a friend of my( × )
练习
二、冠词
1、不定冠词a, an
a用在辅音音素开头的词前eg. a book a u seful book a ―u‖
[j u:sful] [j u:]
an用于元音开头的词前. eg. an apple an hour an ―F‖
[au] [ef]
2、定冠词the
1)特指某人/某物
The book on the desk is mine.
2)世上独一无二的事物前
the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky
3)形、副最高级及序数词前
The third boy is the tallest of all.
(但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the)
He is my first English teacher.
4)the + 姓的复数表示“某家人”或“某夫妇”。the Greens 格林一家/ 格林夫妇
3、不用冠词的几种情况：
1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词
2)学科名词前
3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：①当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词.
②表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the）
1) He went to school after he had a quick breakfast.
2) play the violin / piano
练习
( )1.There is ____ ―s‖ in ____ word ―bus‖.
A. a ; a
B. an ; the
C. a ; the
D. an ; a
( )2.Maths is ___ useful subject. You can’t drop it , I think.
A. an
B. a
C. the
D. /
( )3.____ bad weather it is!
A. How
B. What a
C. How a
D. What
( )4.—What color is ___ orange?
--It’s _____ orang e.
A. an; an
B. an ; the
C. an ; /
D. / ; an
( )5.Mr. Li is ____ old worker.
A. an
B. a
C. some
D. /
( )6.Look at ____ picture! There’s ____ house in it.
A. a ; a
B. the ; the
C. a ; the
D. the; a
( )7.One morning he found ____ han dbag. There was ___ ―s‖ on the corner of ___ handbag.
A. a ; an ; the
B. a ; a ; the
C. a ; a ; a
D. the ; an ; a
( )8.What ___ interesting story it is!
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
( )9.Meimei is ___ best student in her class.
A. a
B. an
C. /
D. the
( )10.Tom is ___ kind boy. All ___ students love him.
A. a ; /
B. a ; the
C. an ; /
D. an ; the
( )11.Is ___ book on the desk mine? Yes.
A. the
B. a
C. an
D. /
( )12.Even while he was in ___ hospital, he went on writing songs.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
( )13.Don’t read _____.
A. in bed
B. in the bed
C. on bed
D. on the bed
( )14.Smith is ____ honest man.
A. a
B. the
C. an
D. /
( )15.China has ___ population of 1,200,000,000.
A. /
B. an
C. the
D. a
( )16.What’s ____ for ―椅.子‖?
A. English
B. an English
C. the English
D. any English
( )17.Mary is ___ cleverer of the two girls.
A. the
B. a
C. an
D. much
( )18.____ young must look after ___ old.
A. The ; a
B. The ; the
C. A ; a
D. A ; the
( )19. ___ earth is one of ____ planets.
A. The ; sun’s
B. The ; the sun
C. The ; the sun’s
D. The ; the suns’
( )20.Tokyo is ___.
A. the capital of Japan
B. capital of Japan
C. Japan capital
D. a capital of Japan
( )21.Kate sometimes plays ___ violin(小提琴) and sometimes plays ___ table tennis before supper.
A. / ; the
B. the ; /
C. the ; the
D. / ; /
( )22. –Have you seen ___ pencil? I left it here this morning.
--Is it ___ red one ? I saw it.
A. a ; the
B. the ; the
C. the ; a
D. a ; a
( )23.There is_______ orange tree behind_____ house.
A. an ; the
B. a ; a
C. the ; the
D. an ; /
( )24.—How long did you stay there ?
--About half ___ hour.
A. /
B. one
C. a
D. an
三、代词
（一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this , that 一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用（但that 可单独指代不可数名词）。
that apple ( √ ) that meat ( × )
The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as ______ in Guangzhou. [that]
(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格， 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格）
eg. 1)I thank you
2)You thank me .
2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
一变(my —mine); 二留(his —his its —its)
三加s(your —yours ; our —ours ; her —hers ; their —theirs)
用法：有名不名，无名是名
eg. This is _____（我的）book. This book is ______（我的）. [ my ; mine]
3）反身代词：某某自己；亲自
反身代词的常见搭配： 1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 2.hurt oneself 伤着自己 3.teach oneself = learn… by oneself 自学 4.(all) by oneself （完全）独立地 5.help oneself to 请自便；随便吃… 6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己
7.leave one by oneself 把…单独留下
8.lose oneself in 陶醉于…；沉浸于…
（三）不定代词
1)some 与any
一般情况下，some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some —此类句型常以could , would 开头）
2) many + 可数 = a lot of : 许多
much + 不可数
（但a lot of 不能用于否定句）
3) few , a few ; little , a little
①.The story is easy to read. There are
____new words in it. [few]
②.Hurry up! There is_____ time left. [little] 4) everyone / anyone 不加of no one 不加 of
none of
( )____ of us wants to read the book. [B]
A. Everyone
B. Every one
C. Nobody
D. No one
5）other ,another , others
单数 复数
单数 复数 yourself yourselves myself ourselves himself themselves herself itself 表否定 表肯定 可数 few(几乎没有) a few(几个；一些) 不可数 little(几乎没有) a little(一点儿少
许)
泛
指
another 三者以上的另一个 定语 主语、宾语 other some…others 特
指 one…the other 一个…另一个 the others =the other+复名(另外的人或物)
①.We study _____ subjects besides Chinese.
②.May I have ___________ apple ?
③.These cups are clean. ________ are dirty.
④.I have two pens. One is red , ________ is blue. [ other ; another ; others ; the others] 另外注意：one another (
三者以上的)相互
each other (两者的)相互
We should learn from each other(说明we 指两个人)
They help one another (说明they 指三个人以上)
6) 二者与三者
复数 单数 单数 二者
both(都) neither(都不) either(任何一个) 三者 all(都) none(都不) any(任何一个)
注意：
①.both 否定 neither all 否定 none
②.both , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither , none 作主语为单数，但none of + 复名，neither of + 复名
( )1.____ of my parents is a teacher. [B]
A. None
B. Neither
C. Both
D. All
( )2.There are many trees on ____ side of the river. [C]
A. both
B. any
C. either
D. all
every one / any one of
7) each: (二者以上的)每个——作主、宾、定）
every: (三者以上的)每个——只作定语）
①.____ student in the class likes English.
②.___ of the students studied hard.
[Every ; Each]
练 习
( )1.____office is much smaller than ____.
A. Ours ; yours
B. Our ; yours
C. Theirs ; our
( )2. ―Help___ to some meat.‖my uncle said to me .
A. themselves
B. yourself
C. yourselves
( )3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers and ____ are women teachers.
A. others
B. the others
C. another
( )4.There isn’t ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me ?
A. any ; some
B. any ; any
C. some ; any
( )5.There are many trees on ___ sides of the street.
A. both
B. all
C. each
( )6.___ of them has a dictionary and ____ one of them can look up words in it.
A. Each ; every
B. Every; each
C. Every; every
( )7. ―When shall we meet, this afternoon or tonight?‖
―I don’t mind. ____ time is OK.
A. Either
B. Every
C. Neither
( )8.Would you like ___ cup of tea?
A. other
B. the other
C. another
( )9.The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forgot _____.
A. other everything
B. anything else
C. everything else.
( )10.____ of his parents is a teacher.
A. Both
B. Neither
C. None
( )11.The river is very dirty. ____ people go to swim in it.
A. Few
B. A few
C. Little
( )12.A friend of ____ came to see ____ yesterday.
A. his ; his
B. he ; him
C. his ; him
( )13.You can’t leave your baby by ___ at home.
A. herself
B. himself
C. itself
( )14. My father is very busy with his work. He has ___ time to have a rest.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
( )15.I have three skirts. One is red. ___ two are black.
A. another
B. the other
C. the others
( )16.Jack has ___ friends here. So he often feels lonely.
A. a little
B. a few
C. few
( )17.Who teaches ___ French?
A. we
B. our
C. us
( )18.The boys were all tired, but ___ of them stopped to have a rest.
A. any
B. some
C. none
( )19.Sorry, I can’t answer your question. I know ____ about the news.
A. a little
B. little
C. few
( )20.—Hello, Bill! Help ____ to a cake .
—Thanks .
A. your
B. yourself
C. yourselves
四、数词
数词分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词，表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。
1.基数词(1000以内的基数词的读法)
365—three hundred and sixty-five
505—five hundred and five
2.基数词变序数词的方法：
基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。
一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。
八去t ，九去e；ve则以f替。
ty 则变作ti ; 后面还有一个e。
要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。
eg. one—first two—second three—third eight—eighth nine—ninth twelve—twelfth twenty—twentieth
twenty-one –-twenty-first
3.数词的应用：
A、时刻表达法：
a.整点：基数词+ o’clock
eg. It’s eight o’clock now.
b.几点几分：
1．直接表达法：先小时后分
eg. 3:25 three twenty-five
2.间接表达法：先分后小时
1)(<30分钟)用past ：分钟past 小时
eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three
2) (>30分钟)用to：(60-分钟数) to (小时数+1)
eg. 3:35 twenty-five (minutes) to four
3) 30分钟= half 15分钟= a quarter
eg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three
3:15 three fifteen = a quarter past three.
3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to four
B、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年）
1949年10月1日:
October1st , nineteen forty-nine
=the first of October, nineteen forty-nine
2000年: the year two thousand
=twenty hundred
2001年: twenty o one
3月1日: March the first = the first of March
C、表编号：
第207房间：Room 207
第五课：Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson
D、序数词与不定冠词(a; an)连用表“又一；再一”eg. You’ve done it three times. Why not try a fourth time?
E、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）
eg. one third 三分之一two thirds 三分之二
注意：1.分子超过1时，分母加s
2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语eg.1)One third of the students are girls.
2)One third of the milk is mine.
3.分数的特殊形式
1)one third = a third
2)one fourth = a quarter
three fourths = three quarters
3)one second = a half
F、一些数词的复数+ of表约数：
hundreds of ; thousands of ; millions of
练习
( )1.If you go out at night, you’ll be able to see ____ starts.
A. thousands of
B. thousand of
C. nine thousands of
D. thousands
( )2.Monday is ___ day of the week.
A. first
B. the first
C. the second
D. second
( )3.You’ve done it twice. Why not try ____ time?
A. third
B. the third
C. a third
D. once
( )4.Which is the____ month? It’s September.
A. nine
B. nineth
C. ninth
D. ninety
( )5.December is ___ of the year.
A. the twelfth months
B. the twelfth month
C. the twelveth months
D. twelve months
( )6.There are ___ floors in the building and he lives on the ____ floor.
A. eighteen, fifteen
B. eighteenth, fifteenth
C. eighteen, fiveteen
D. eighteen, fifteenth
( )7.I was born ___, 1982.
A. on June 2rd
B. in June 2nd
C. on June two
D. on June 2
( )8.It’s ____ from our home to the zoo.
A. two and a half hours’ walk
B. a half and two hours walk
C. two hours and a half hour’s walk
D. two and a half hour’s walk
( )9.What time is it now? It’s ___ to six.
A. quarter
B. a quarter
C. quarto C. a quarto
( )10.Will you be back in ____ ?
A. one or two minutes
B. one minute or two
C. two minutes or one
D. two or one minute
( )11.Mary’s uncle went to France ____.
A. in his thirties
B. on his thirties
C. at his thirties
D. about his thirties
( )12.The headmaster wrote a ___ report.
A. two thousand words
B.two-thousand-words
C. two-thousand words
D. two-thousand-word
( )13.____of the apples in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet.
A. Two-third
B. Second-third
C. Two-thirds
D. Second-thirds
( )14.We have learned about ____ these days.
A. several hundreds English words
B. hundreds of English words
C. hundred of English words
D. several hundred English word
( )15.A UN report says that the word population will pass six billion by the end of ____ century.
A. twentieth
B. twenty
C. the twentieth
D. the twentyth
五、介词
1.in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在”
1)at + 具体时刻
2)on + 具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）
3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分
但注意：at night= in the night at noon
at this / that time at Christmas
eg. 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning
3. ___ a rainy evening
4. ___3:50
5.__ 2002
6.___ the morning of April 10
7.___ spring
8.___ night 9.___ this time 10. ___ March
另外注意：在时间词（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday…）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。
eg. I will go(A) to the cinema(B) in(C) this evening. ______________
2. in , on , at 表地点：
at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：
eg. 1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday.
2)They arrived ___a small village before dark.
3)There is a big hole ____ the wall.
4)The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall.
3.in , on , to表方位
in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系
eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.
3)Japan is to the east of China.
cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go across
4. across: （表面）跨过
through: （内部）穿过，贯穿介词
eg. 1)Can you swim _____ the river?
2)The road runs __________ the forest.
3) _____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.
5. in + 时间段：与将来时连用
after + 时间段：与过去时连用
但after + 时间点：可与将来时连用。
1) I’ll leave _______ three o’clock.. That is, I’ll leave ________ about ten minutes.
2)They left _______ two weeks.
6. in the tree(外加在树上的事物)
on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)
in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)
7. on the wall(墙表面的事物)
1) There is a map ___ the wall
2) There are four windows ___ the wall.
8.by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)
但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。
eg. by bike = on a(the; his) bike
by car = in a(the ; her) car
on: 在…（表面）上——接触
9. over: 在…的正上方
above: 在…的斜上方未接触
1) The moon rose ______ the hill.
2) There is a bridge _____ the river.
3) There is a book ______ the desk.
10. between: 在（两者）之间
among :在（三者以上）之间
1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach. ________ them were his parents.
2)Tom sits ________Lucy and Lily.
11.on与about : 关于
on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等
about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及
eg. He gave a talk ____ the history of the Party
12. in front of :在…前面/方（范围外）= before
in / at the front of:在……前部（范围内）
1)There is a big tree _______ of the classroom.
2)A driver drives _________ of the bus.
类似区别：at the back of与behind
13.with和in: 表示“用“
with: 指“用工具、手、口等”
in: 指“用语言、话语、声音等”
1) Please write the letter ____ a pen.
2) Please speak ____ a loud voice.
14. on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat ; leave for: 动身前往某地
15.一些固定搭配：
（1）介词与动词的搭配
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for;
wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。
（2）介词与名词的搭配
on time, in time, by bus, on foot,
with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble,
at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
（3）介词与形容词的搭配
be late for, be afraid of, be good at,
be interested in, be angry with,
be full of, be sorry for等。
六、连词: 从属连词和并列连词
（一）从属连词：用于连接各种从句的连词
（二）并列连词：
并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：
1.表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。
2. 表选择关系的or, either…or等。
3. 表转折关系的but, while（然而）等。
4.表因果关系的for, so等。
5. and: “和”在肯定句中表并列
or: “和”在否定句中表并列
另外：1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句
2)or “否则”
eg. ①.Which do you like better, tea or milk?
②.Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school.
6.but “但是”表转折
eg. I listened, but I heard nothing.
注意：1)though(虽然), but(但是)不能连用
2)not … but 不是…而是
eg. This book isn’t mine but yours.
both… and :既…又（连接主语为复数）
neither…nor: 既不…也不连接两主
7. either…or: 或者…或者语后者决
not only … but also:不但…而且定单、复
eg.1)Both he and I are students.
2)Neither he nor I am a student.
练习
( )1.___ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In ( )2.Many people work ___ the day and sleep ___ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at ( )3.He speaks Japanese best ____ the boy students. A. between B. with C. among ( )4.A wolf ___ a sheep skin is our dangerous enemy. A. with B. in C. on ( )5.Joan hopes to come back ___ three days.
A. after
B. for
C. in
( )6.They sent the letter to me ___ mistake.
A. by
B. for
C. with
( )7.He left home ___ a cold winter evening.
A. at
B. on
C. in
( )8.Shanghai is ____ the east of China.
A. in
B. on
C. to
( )9.____ my father’s help, I have finished my composition.
A. Under
B. On
C. with
( )10.He’s very strict ____ himself and he’s very strict ___ his work.
A. with ; in
B. in ; with
C. with ; with
( )11.I really can’t agree ____ you.
A. to
B. on
C. with
( )12.The shop won’t open ___ nine in the morning.
A. until
B. at
C. during
( )13.How about ___ the flowers now?
A. watering
B. are watering
C. watered
( )14.She spent all his money ___ books.
A. in
B. with
C. on
( )15.They are talking ___ low voices.
A. with
B. in
C. on
( )16.It’s very kind ___ you to help us.
A. for
B. to
C. of
( )17.What will you have ___ breakfast this morning?
A. with
B. for
C. by
( )18.A plane is flying ____ the city.
A. on
B. over
C. above
( )19.You are free to speak ___ the meeting.
A. at
B. in
C. on
( )20.Mr. Green will stay in China___ Friday.
A. to
B. on
C. till
( )21.It’s wrong to play tricks ___ other people.
A. on
B. of
C. with
( )22.Which color do you like? I prefer blue ___ red. A. for B. as C. to ( )23.The student will give us a talk ___ how to use our spare time.
A. for
B. on
C. in
( )24.I paid two hundred yuan ___ that kind of bicycle.
A. in
B. for
C. on
( )25.The doctor is very kind ___ his patients
A. to
B. on
C. at
( )26.We can’t live ___ air.
A. in
B. with
C. without
( )27.The child was afraid ___ the strange sound. A. at B. for C. of ( )28.He was very angry ___ her for being late. A. for B. with C. at ( )29.What do you think ___ the play?
A. about
B. like
C. of
( )30.I think it’s the right way to work out the problem, but I am not sure _____ it.
A. do
B. for
C. of
( )31.Reading ___ the sun isn’t good ___ you
A. under ; for
B. in ; for
C. in ; to
( )32.I won’t ask about it, I’m going to see it ____ my own eyes.
A. by
B. for
C. with
( )33.We go to school every day ____ Sunday. A. except B. without C. on ( )34.There is a small river ___ the two towns A. in B. between C. among
( )35.Li Lei sometimes falls asleep ___ the lesson. A. for B. through C. during ( )36.Mr. Black went to Paris ___ a few days.
A. for
B. in
C. after
( )37.They will leave ________ London next month.
A. to
B. from
C. for
( )38.Are you going to the zoo ___ bus or ___ my car?
A. on ; by
B. by ; in
C. on ; in
( )39.He woke up several times ___ the night
A. in
B. at
C. on
( )40.No one can stop her ___ going away.
A. of
B. from
C. out of
( )41.What do you mean ___ ―bao zhi‖?
A. on
B. with
C. by
( )42.You’ll get a nice present ____ your parents____ your birthday.
A. from ; on
B. for ; at
C. frm ; in
( )43.Light comes in ____ the window.
A. from
B. across
C. through
( )44.There are many apples ___ the tree. A bird ___ the tree is picking an apple.
A. in ; on
B. on ; in
C. in ; at
( )45. ―Who are you going to play ____?‖ ―Grade Two.‖
A. about
B. by
C. against
( )46. Don’t go ___ the street. The bus is coming.
A. cross
B. across
C. past
( )47.He lives ___ the twentieth floor ___ No. 154 Zhongshan Street.
A. on ; at
B. in ; in
C. on ; in
( )48.He found a piece of useful information ___ the Internet.
A. at
B. on
C. in
( )49.___ my surprise, he lost the game.
A. With
B. To
C. On
( )50.The blind man knows the money ___ touching and feeling it.
A. with
B. by
C. through
( )51. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning.
A. on; in
B. at; in
C. at; on
D. in; on
( )52. Where’s Lily? We are all here _______ her.
A. beside
B. about
C. except
D. with
( )53. She sent her friend a postcard _______ a birthday present.
A. on
B. as
C. for
D. of
( )54. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _______ the year of 2000.
A. since
B. in
C. on
D. by
( )55. ---What is a writing brush, do you know?
---It’s _______ writing and drawing.
A. with
B. to
C. for
D. by
( )56. English is widely used ______ travellers and business people all over the world.
A. to
B. for
C. as
D. by
( )57. ______ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students.
A. Under
B. In
C. With
D. On
( )58. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.
A. in; to
B. to; to
C. to; in
D. in; in
( )59. ---You’d better not go out now. It’s raining.
---It doesn’t matter. My new coat can keep ______ rain.
A. in
B. of
C. with
D. off
( )60. Japan lies ______ the east of China.
A. to
B. in
C. about
D. at
( )61. ---Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008?
---I don’t think so. Now ______ the young ______ the old can speak some English.
A. either…or
B. not only… but also
C. neither…nor
D. both…or
( )62. We didn’t catch the train _______ we left late.
A. so
B. because
C. but
D. though
( )63. Tom failed in the exam again _______ he wanted to pass it very much.
A. if
B. so
C. though
D. as
( )64. I won’t believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words ______ I have tested him myself.
A. after
B. when
C. if
D. until
( )65. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours ______ he realized it.
A. when
B. until
C. after
D. before
( )66. ---This dress was last year’s style.
---I think it still looks perfect ______ it has gone out this year.
A. so that
B. even though
C. as if
D. ever since
( )67. Hurry up, _______ you will miss the train.
A. and
B. so
C. however
D. or
( )68. The mountain was ______ steep _____ few people in our city reached the top.
A. so…as
B. so…that
C. as…as
D. too…to
( )69. ---Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xi’an?
---Of course. I remember everything ______ it happened yesterday.
A. as soon as
B. even though
C. rather than
D. as if
( )70. ______ you can’t answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help.
A. Although
B. While
C. Whether
D. Since
七、形容词、副词的比较等级
1.原级：表示A与B在某方面相同。
句型：1) A + 谓+ as + 原级+ as + B
2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级+ as + B
A与B在某方面不同
注意：not as / so… as = less than 不及；不如
eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one.
2)You don’t eat so much as I
3)This book isn’t as interesting as that one
= This book is ___ ________ _____ that one
2.比较级：两者进行比较（常与than连用）
1)I am cleverer than you 我比你聪明。
2)He runs faster than Jim 他比Jim跑得快。
3)I picked more apples than Jim.我比你摘的苹果多。
4)Which is more interestin g, t his one or that one? 哪本书更有趣，这本还是那本？
3.最高级：三者（或三者以上）进行比较（常与表范围的in , of短语连用）
( 注意：of + 个体名词单数in + 集合名词)
eg. 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China.
2)He runs fastest in our class.
3)He is the tallest of the three boys.
4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?
4.形、副比较等级的其他用法
1) ―比较级and 比较级‖表示―越来越……‖
eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒
(但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为more and more + 形、副)
eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮
2) ―the比较级，the比较级‖ ―越……，越……‖
eg. the more, the better 多多益善
_________ you are, _______ you will get.
你越懒，收获越少。
3) ―the比较级of +二者‖ ―二者中较……的一个‖
eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins.
2) Of(A) the two books(B) this one(C) is thicker(D). _________ 4)表示二者相差多少用“具体数量+ 比较级”
eg. He’s a head talle r than me.
My brother is two years older than me
5)表示“是……几倍”时用“twice; three times等+ as…as”
eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。
2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。
6)区别older / elder与farther / further
older（年龄较老的）
elder（指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的）
eg. My ______ brother is ______ than me.
farther (指距离“较远的”)
further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)
eg.1)He went abroad for ________ studies.
2)Fusun is _________ from our school than Zhaohua.
形、副比较等级还应注意
1.比较级前用a little ; much / a lot ; even / still来加强语气，表示“……一点儿；……得多；更……”
eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿
2)much more 多得多
3)even heavier更重
但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。
2.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物），注意常用漏的代词有：that; those; one; ones
eg. 1)The apples (A) in this basket (B) are redder (C) than in that basket(D). _________
2)This knife (A) isn’t (B) so (C) new as that (D). _______________
3)Our classroom (A) is (B) bigger (C) than Lily(D). _______________
3.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。
eg.1）Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体). ( ×)
正：Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.
=Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.
=Betty is the cleverest in her class.
(特别注意以上三种句型的转换)
2)China is bigger than any country in Africa.
中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。
3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。
*4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。
eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( ×)
(all her sisters已排除了Mary)
改：Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.
5.表示“第二、第三……”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, …”（但“第一”不能用first）eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错：________________
附：形、副比较级和最高级的变化规则
A、规则变化
1.“辅+ y”结尾，变y为i加er , est
(但“形+ ly ”构成的副词除外)
2.双写加er , est
3.直接加er , est / r, st
4.在多音词前加more , most (以“形+ ly ”构成的副词也在前加more , most)
B、不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
bad/ill/badly worse worst
little less least
old older/elder oldest/eldest
far farther
further farthest furthest
另外：
1)以-er , -ow , -ble , -ple结尾的双音节词加er, est / r, st.
narrow ________ ________
simple _________ _________
able _______ _______
2)tired__________ __________
pleased ___________ ____________
3) often ________________ _____________
friendly_______________ ____________
4)在形容词的最高级前一般加the, 副词的最高级前一般不加the (但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、所有格时则不再加the)。
eg. Lily is my the best friend.(改错) ________
5)形容词作表语、定语，修饰名词(但部分形容词不能作定语，只能表语：ill ; alone ; asleep ; afraid ; interested ; excited ; surprised ).
副词作状语，修饰动词。
练习
一、写出下列词的比较级和最高级
thin ____ ____ easy _____ ______
early ______ ______ new ______ ______
hot ______ ______ clever ______ _______
little _____ ______ late _____ ______
narrow______ ______fat _____ ______
many ______ _____ big _____ ______
dangerous__________ ___________
wonderful __________ ___________
careful __________ ____________
slowly __________ ____________
popular __________ ____________
二、选择填空
( )1.Which language is ____ , English, French or Chinese?
A. difficult
B. the difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult
( )2.Yangpu Bridge is one of ___ in the world
A. bigger bridge
B. the biggest bridge
C. the biggest bridges
D. bigger bridges
( )3.Tom is taller than Mike. But he is not ____ Mike.
A. strong as
B. so strong as
C. so strong
D. as strong
( )4.Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______.
A. more and rich
B. more rich and more rich
C. richer and richer
D. rich and rich
( )5.This text is ____ easier and ____ interes- ting than that one.
A. more ; much
B. much ; more
C. more ; more
D. much ; much
( )6.Which do you like ____, beef, pork or chicken?
A. good
B. well
C. better
D. best
( )7.Put on more clothes. It is snowing ___ outside. A. strongly B. heavy C. heavily ( )8.John drives as ___ as Tom.
A. carefully
B. good
C. nice
D. fine
( )9.Is China larger than ____ in Africa.
A. any country
B. any other country
C. any countries
D. all countries
( )10.My ___ brother is ___ than I.
A. elder, three years older
B. older ; older
C. older; three years elder
D. elder ; elder
( )11.Li Mei is more beautiful than ___ in her class.
A. any girl
B. any other girl
C. all the girls
D. any girls
( )12.This problem is ___ than that one.
A. ten times easy
B. ten times easier
C. ten times more easy
D. ten time easier
( )13.This film is ___ interesting than that one.
A. more
B. much
C. very
D. the most
( )14.There is ___ in today’s n ewspaper.
A. interesting nothing
B. nothing interesting
C. interested nothing
D. nothing interested
( )15.The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes ____.
A. close
B. to close
C. closing
D. closed
( )16.The fat man always says his meat looks ____ and sells _____.
A. good ; good
B. well ; well
C. good ; well
D. well ; good
( )17.It seems that men are ____ making computers than women.
A. better at
B. good at
C. well in
D. weak in
( )18.The word’s populatio n is growing fast every minute, especially in some ___ countries A. west B. more developed
C. east
D. less developed
( )19.This bridge is not ___ long and wide ____ the one in my hometown.
A. so ; as
B. very ; than
C. too; as
D. very ; as
( )20.I think the song in the film ―Ti t anic‖ is ___ one of all the movie songs.
A. the most beautiful
B. most beautiful
C. much more beautiful
D. a beautiful
( )21.Lin Tao is as ___ as Zhang Hua.
A. strong
B. stronger
C. strongest
D. the strongest
( )22.Sara is ___ tired ___ move after the hard work.
A. very ; to
B. quite ; to
C. too ; to
D. so ; that
( )23. Jack didn’t run ___ to catch the bus.
A. enough fast
B. quickly enough
C. enough slow
D. slowly enough
( )24.The driver is very ___. He often drives his car _____.
A. careful ; careful
B. carefully; carefully
C. carefully ; careful
D. careful ; carefully
( )25.Look! All the children are working ___ on the farm.
A. careful
B. hard
C. busy
D. happy
( )26.The population of Shanghai is ___ than that of Xi’an.
A. smaller
B. fewer
C. much
D. larger
附Ⅰ——动词的四种形式
A、动三单的变法
1) ―辅+y‖结尾, 变y为i加es
2) ―以s; sh; ch; x; o结尾, 加es
3)直接加s
但have----has
B、现在分词的变法
1)去e加ing (e不发音)
2)双写加ing (―辅元辅‖结尾且重读,y;w列外)
3)直接加ing
写出下列动词的现在分词
1.see_______
https://www.doczj.com/doc/312769960.html,e ________
3.stop_______
4.open _______
5.listen_______
6.drop ______
7.prefer________8.fix_______ 9.relax ______
10.die _______11.tie _______12.lie _______
C、动词的过去式和过去分词
（一）不规则变化（见课本不规则变化表P255）
（二）规则变化
1) ―辅+y‖结尾，变y为i加ed
2)双写加ed
3)直接加ed
写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词
1.drop ______ _______
2.stop ______ ______
3.prefer ________ _________
4.study ______ ______
5.try ______ ____
6.fix _____ ______
7.relax ______ ______
附Ⅱ——情态动词（can/ could; may/ might; must; should）+动原1.must(必须)——needn’t(不必)
may(可以)——mustn’t(不许；不准；不可以)
2.注意几个题：
1)—May I go with you?
—No, you _________.
2)—Must I turn off the light now?
—Yes, you ______/ No, you _________
附Ⅲ——动词不定式与动名词
A 、动词不定式作宾补
1)tell / ask / want sb to do ______________
否定式：tell/ask/want sb not to do __________
____________________
2)省to 不定式作宾补
即：(l, m, n, 3h, 2看, 1f) sb do
l —let; m —make; n —notice; 3h —hear, have, help; 2看—see, watch; 1f —feel
但注意：1)help sb (to) do (to 可省、可不省)
2)在改作被动语态时省去的to 应还原
eg. Someone heard him sing in the room.
He was heard to sing in the room.
B 、动词不定式与动名词的区别
1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do
2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise) doing
doing
worth be problem s som e have fun have to doing prefer to on contributi a m ake from prevent keep stop like feel in spend in busy be ??????????????????????????????...//)...()(
?????
??????????????（已做）记住已做了（未做）记住做（已做）忘记已做了（未做）忘记做停止做（正在做的事））停下来去做（另一件事::::::.3doing do to rem em ber doing do to forget doing do to stop 动作在进行）
动作结束）((),,.(4doing do sb hear watch see （原来的事）
继续做（另一件事）接着做????::.5doing do to on go 常可替换）（(),,.6doing
do to like start begin
初中英语复习专辑（1）——名词 名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点： 1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of 短语 eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [B] A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数 A、不规则变化： man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化 1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加es 读[iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加s eg. box es [b ks iz] blous es [blauz iz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. kniv es [na ivz] 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s] 5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. book s[buk s] pen s[pen z] babi es[beibi z] 但注意以下几点： ①potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese ③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors ④reef—reefs ⑤“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s 加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念The police are looking for the missing boy. 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是“……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意： 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲. 2)以s结尾的词只加“’ ” eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father 3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导 eg. the leg of the desk 4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s a friend of mine ( √) a friend of my( × ) 练习 一、写出下列词．的复数 1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______ 4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________ 7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________ 10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____ 13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________ 二、选择正确的答案 ( )1.—Are those ______? ---No, they aren’t. They’re _____. A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows ( )2.Mum, I’m quite thirsty. Please give me ____. A. two orange B. two bottles of orange C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges ( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know? A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily’s C. Lucy’s and Lily D. Lucy’s and Lily’s ( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office. A. 20 minutes’ walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk ( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____. A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan C. Mr. James D. James Green ( )7.Jack and Tom are ____. A. good friends B. good friend C. a good friend D. good a friend ( )8.It’s only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post office. A. minutes B. minute’s C. minutes’ D. minute ( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast.
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
初中语法复习Ⅰ词类。
（一）名词： 专有名词：表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。如China, John, London, the USA, Harbin . 个体名词：表示单个的人或事物。如boat, chair, desk, apple . 集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如family, people, class, police . 可数名词普通名词物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。如water, air, tea, sea, money, cotton . 抽象名词：表示抽象概念的词。如health, help, work, friendship . 不可数名词2．名词的数。可数名词有单复数，不可数名词没有单复数。
3．名词的格：名词有三个格：主格（作主语）、宾格（作宾语）、和所有格。其中只有名词的所有格有形式变化。（二）冠词 1．定冠词－the . ○1特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。The students are very good. ○2说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物。Where is the toilet ? ○3重复提到上文的人或事物。I have a cat , the cat is white and black . ○4表示世界上独一无二的事物。The moon moves around the earth . ○5形容词最高级和序数词前和表示方位的名词前。I am the oldest . He is the first to school . I live in the south . ○6乐器的名称前常用定冠词－the 。I like playing the piano / violin . ○7和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表某一类人。We should help the poor . ○8放在某些专有名词前。We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the people’s Republic of China . ○9放在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇两人。The Whites are watching TV . ○10固定词组中。In the morning / afternoon / evening . 2．不定冠词－a / an .
初中英语语法专项复习
目录 初中英语语法专项练习一——名词 0 初中英语语法专项练习二——形容词 (3) 初中英语语法专项练习三——代词 (6) 初中英语语法专项练习四——数词 (12) 初中英语语法专项练习五——冠词 (13) 初中英语语法专项练习六——动词（语态时态） (16) 动词不定式专项练习 (21) 初中英语语法专项练习七——副词 (25) 初中英语语法专项练习八——介词 (27) 初中英语语法专项练习九——连词 (32) 初中英语语法专项练习十——比较级和最高级 (33) 初中英语语法专项练习十一——定语从句 (33) 初中英语语法专项练习十二——主谓一致 (36) 初中英语语法专项练习十三——状语从句 (37) 初中英语语法专项练习十四——虚拟语气 (41) 初中英初中英语语法专项练习十五——倒装句 (43) 初中英语语法专项练习十六——独立主格 (45) 其他重点语法 (45)
初中英语语法专项练习一——名词 1 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought___for himself yesterday.
初中英语语法各个击破
目录 一．名词（）二．形容词（）三．代词（）四．数词（）五．冠词（）六．动词动词语态时态（）动词不定式（）七．副词（）八．介词（）九．连词（）十．比较级和最高级（）十一．定语从句（）十二．主谓一致（）十三．状语从句（）十四．虚拟语气（）十五．倒装句（）十六．独立主格（）十七．其他重点语法（）
初中英语语法专项练习一——名词 1 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk B. two glass of milk I C. two glasses of milks D. two glass of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4
初中英语语法总复习 一名词 (一) 知识概要 名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的解释和分类方法，但就实际应用来讲还是不要过分地追求其理论概念，而更多的要把注意力放在其应用上来。我们不妨把它分为两大类:专有名词与普通名词。顾名思义，专有名词是指:个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称，如，the Great Wall，America…它们是不能随意变动的。而普通名词中则包括个体名词，如pen, worker…它表示单一的个体人或事物;集体名词，如:family,class， team,它表示的是由若干个个体组成的集合体;物质名词，如:water,paper…它表示的是一种物质，原材料;而后一种是抽象名词， 如:work, time…它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到，但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念。见下表。 名词一览表 种类 专有名词 London, John, the Communist Party of China 普通名词类名词 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集体名词class, family, army, police, team, people 物质名词 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名词 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用 主语 My family is now in New York. 表语 His father is a scientist.
宾语 We love our great motherland. 宾语补足语 He made London the base for his work. 定语 The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语 The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位语 Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数，即可数名词与不可数名词的实际应用。不可数名词不能用数字计算，所以它通常只有单数形式。它包含有专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词等，如:English,air,water,cotton,work…可数名词是可以用数量加以计算的名 - 1 - 词，所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种。可数名词复数形式的构成规律是: 1. 一般情况加s,如:pen—pens, doctor—doctors,boy—boys,其读音规则是在清辅音后读,s,，在元音和浊辅音后读,z,。如:map—map ， boy—boys. 2. 在以s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后面加es，如:bus—buses,class—classes,其读音为,iz,。 3. 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的名词加s，其读音为,iz,。 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，要将y变为i再加es，读作,z,， 如:factory—factories,country—countries, family—families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s，如:boy—boys,day—days。 5. 以o结尾的名词的复数形式一般要加es，但如果o前面是元音字母或外来 词，缩写词以o结尾的则只加s，如:tomato—tomatoes,hero— heroes;photo—photos,radio—radios,piano—pianos 6. 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式要将f或fe变为v再加es，如:knife—knives, leaf—leaves, 但有些例外的词如roof的复数形式是roofs。
一、选择题 1．A smile costs , but gives much, so always keep smiling! A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 2．—Sonia, is this your dictionary? —Oh, no, it’s not ______. Ask Li Lei. He is looking for ______. A．me; hers B．mine; him C．my; her D．mine; his 3．I tried two stores for the present I wanted，but ______ of them had it． A．none B．either C．neither D．both 4．As volunteers, they should do ______to help the children in trouble. A．nothing B．anybody C．something D．somebody 5．—Which one do you like better, English-Chinese dictionary or Words app? — I like________ of them. They are useful for English learners. A．none B．neither C．all D．both 6．—What do you know about bamboo? —Maybe bamboo has more uses than ________ in the world. A．any plant B．all the plants C．any other plant 7．Success comes from hard work. Lazy people can achieve . A．everything B．something C．nothing D．anything 8．A new study shows that shouting at children may have the results that go beyond of beating(打)them. A．that B．those C．it D．ones 9．-Whose CD is it? -Miss Lee always listens to music. It must be________. A．he B．she C．her D．hers 10．Mr. Wang recommended me a few foreign movies, but ____was to my taste. A．all B．neither C．nothing D．none 11．My head teacher knows me better than _______. A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 12．I ate ______ at lunch because the food was terrible. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 13．---Is_______here？ ---No.Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 14．I have tried several jackets, but _________ of them fits me well. A．both B．neither C．all D．none 15．—Shall we meet at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning? —I won’t be free then .Let’s make it ______day.
初中英语语法速记口诀大全 很多同学认为语法枯燥难学，其实只要用心并采用适当的学习方法，我们就可以愉快地学会英语，掌握语法规则。笔者根据有关书目和多年教学经验，搜集、组编了以下语法口诀，希望对即将参加中考的同学们有所帮助。 一、冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an， 辅音前用a，an在元音前， 若为特指时，则须用定冠， 复数不可数，泛指the不见， 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。 二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数，规则要记住， 一般加s，特殊有几处： 末尾字母o，大多加s， 两人有两菜，es不离口， 词尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 没有规则词，必须单独记。 【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t蘩/、/蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两
人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato) 加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth —teeth。 三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格，表物是“谁的”， 若为生命词，加“’s”即可行， 词尾有s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无生命词，of所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格，这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同，A of B要翻译为B的A。 四、接不定式作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝； 设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。 【妙语诠释】三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise 两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse 设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide 不要假装在选择：petend，choose 五、接动名词作宾语的动词
初中英语语法综合讲解 【考点1】一般现在时的用法考查 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 一般现在时主要有如下几点用法： 1、经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：It seldom snows in Suqian now. 2、现在的特征或状态。例如：He loves sports. 3、普遍真理，一般规律。例如：Light travels faster than sound./ Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 4、可以用来表示一个按规定，计划，安排或时刻表要发生的情况，一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语。通常用来表示学期什么时候要开学、结束；飞机、火车、汽车、船只等交通工具什么时候要到达，什么时候要离开等时刻表上已有安排的活动。动词一般限于少数几个，如：begin, start, stop, arrive, come, go, leave, return, open, close, be等。例如：My plane leaves at 11 a.m. tomorrow./ School begins the day after tomorrow. 5、在if, when, as soon as, until, after, before等连接词引导的时间或条件状语从句中，从句中谓语动词要用一般现在时，主句要用将来时。例如：Turn off the light before you leave./ We will start as soon as you are ready. 关于一般现在时应注意以下几点： a. 在间接引语中，如果转述的是客观真理，一般规律，谚语俗语，一般现在时时态保持不变。例如：He said the earth is round. b. if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的情况；但if作为"是否"意思时，其引导的宾语从句如果表示将来的情况则用一般将来时。When作为"当、、时候"，引导状语从句时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的情况， 如：When he comes, I will let you know；如果引导的是宾语从句，表示"什么时候"，则将来的情况仍然用一般将来时，如：I don't know when he will visit me. c. 一些时间副词如seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day等既可以用于过去时，也可以用于一般现在时。要注意区分。例如：He often goes swimming. / He often went swimming in 1999. 【中考链接】 1. --Mum, _______ shall we have lunch? --We will have it when your dad_________.（2007年连云港） A. when; returns B. where; returns C. where; will return D. when; will return 简析：A。when在后半句中表示"当、、、时候"，状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来情况，根据后半句应该是问时间的，第一空用时间疑问词when. 2. --Tomorrow will be Father's Day. What will you do for your father? -- I will say "I love you, Daddy" as soon as he _______ up. （2007年南通） A. will wake B. is waking C. wakes D. woke 简析：C。as soon as"一、、就、、"，引导时间状语从句。从句中一般现在时表示将来的情况。
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案 注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化tｈaｔ引，一般疑问句用ｉf/ｗhｅthｅr， 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。eｇ, Hｅｓaid ｈe was ｇｏod at drａwing. (动词宾语) He aｓｋs ｈｉｍhowｌoｎｇMike ｈａs beｅｎdown . （动词宾语） Mｉss Zhaｎg is angryａｔwhaｔyｏuｓaｉｄ. (介词宾语) 2．连接词 (１）.陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that，口语中常常省略。 e.g,She told me (tｈａt）ｓhe ｗould likｅｔo go with us。 （2)以ｗheｔher或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序 eｇ, Ｉwoｎdｅｒiｆ/whetｈer u have toldｔｈeｎew tｏLi Lei . 注意：一般情况下，wｈeｔhｅｒ和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a。当从句做介词的宾于是只用wｈethｅｒ不用iｆ ｅg，We are talking aｂout ｗｈethｅｒwe’ll go on the pinｉc. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时, 只用wheｔｈer. ｅｇ,Ｐlｅase lｅt ｍe kｎow what to do nexｔ。 Cｏuｌd yｏｕtｅｌl mｅwhethｅr u go or not? c。if当如果讲时, 引导的是条件状语从句, 这时不能用whｅtｈｅr. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E。g．Ｃould yoｕtｅll me what's the matteｒ\wroｎg wiｔh you? 特殊情况：：当ｄｏyou think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,句式结构应为引导词＋do you thiｎk+陈述句语序. 3。宾语从句时态 a。当主句是一般现在时,一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态.例如： Ｄｏyou know（if/wheｔher he ｈaｓｓeｅｎtｈｅfilm)？
语法总结 1）祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。 Take this seat. Do be careful. 否定结构： Don't move. Don't be late. 2）第二种祈使句以let开头。 Let 的反意疑问句 a. Let's 包括说话者 Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we = Shall we have another try b. Let us 不包括说话者 Let us have another try，will you / won't you = Will you please let us have another try 否定结构： Let's not talk of that matter. Let us not talk of that matter. 二、感叹句结构 感叹句结构 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。 what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： 掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。 How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序 How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序 What +名词+ 陈述语序 What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序 What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序
How clever a boy he is! How lovely the baby is! What noise they are making! What a clever boy he is! What wonderful ideas (we have)! What cold weather it is! 感叹句的省略形式为： What a clever boy (he is)! 典型例题 1）___ food you've cooked! A. How a nice B. What a nice C. How nice D. What nice 答案D. 由于How 修饰形容词，副词；what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + adj. 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + adj. +n. (不可数) 2）___terrible weather we've been having these days! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案A. weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。C为how + adj. 后面不应有名词。只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。 3) --- _____ I had! --- You really suffered a lot. A. What a time B. What time C. How a time D. how time 答案A. 感叹句分两类： 1：What + n.+主谓部分 2：How + adj. / adv. / v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。 三、句子的种类 句子的种类 （一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。（说明事实） The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。 （说明看法） 2）疑问句（Interrogative Sentences）：提出问题。有以下四种： a. 一般疑问句（General Questions）： Can you finish the work in time 你能按时完成工作吗 b. 特殊疑问句（W Questions; H Questions）： Where do you live 你住那儿 How do you know that 你怎么知道那件事