?
fig.15
fig.16
Land 意大利是一个南欧国家，国土大部在欧洲伸入地中海的亚平宁半岛上，西北—东南走同，形状狭长，西部的是撒丁王国的旧地撒丁岛，南部的西西里岛是意国另一个大的岛屿，把这个岛和意大利本土一块看，恰象一个脚在踢球.Italy is a southern European countries, most in Europe from outside the Mediterranean Apennines land on the peninsula. Northwest-Southeast take the same shape strip west of the Kingdom of Sardinia to the old Sardinian. Another is the view of the southern island of Sicily, the largest island, a piece of the island and the Italian territory, Health feet as a footballer. 意国最北部是横亘着的阿尔卑斯山脉的一部分，它把意大利和法国、瑞士、前南斯拉夫分隔开来，法、意边境上有欧洲的最高峰——勃朗峰。Italy is the most northern part of the Alps, which spans a part of its Italian and French, Swiss, The separation of the former Yugoslavia, France, Italy -- the peak of Mont Blanc, Europe border. 接着下来的是波河平原，这个平原介于北部的阿尔卑斯山脉和亚平宁山脉之间。Next is the eutrophication Plain, the plain between the Alps and the northern Appenine Hills between. 发源于阿尔卑斯山脉的冰雪溶水的波河自西北向东南流入地中海，把两岸的泥沙冲积成了现在窄三角状、西北高东南低的波河平原。Originated in the Alps, the snow dissolved water fluctuated from northwest to southeast into the Mediterranean. Now the two sides have become narrow triangular shaped alluvial silt, the lower fluctuated southeast of the northwest high plains. 意大利的河流不多，最大的水系是波河水系。Italy not in the river, the largest river systems are fluctuated stream. 最长的河是波河，长652公里。Eutrophication is the longest river, 652 km long. 其他较大的河流，北部有阿迪杰河和皮牙伟河，中部有阿尔诺河(流经佛罗伦萨）和台伯河（流经罗马）。Other major rivers in the north ADIGE Weihe teeth and skin. central Arno (channeling Florence) and the Tiber (flows through Rome). 意大利的河流由于流量有限，很少用于航运。Due to the river flow will be limited in Italy, seldom used shipping. 再下来就是亚平宁山脉，南北纵贯于意大利，它把意大利导向地中海。Further down is Appenine Hills, ran through the South and the North in Italy, the Italian Mediterranean orientation. 由于处于欧亚大陆、非洲大陆板块挤压带上，使意大利多山、多丘陵，约占其境的80%,而且多活火山，著名的火山有维苏威火山、埃特纳火山。As in Europe and Asia, the African continent onto the plates, Italy mountainous terrain, more hills, about 80% of its territory. and most active volcanoes, a famous volcanic basalt volcano, the consequent cost of the encryption software key. 意大利境内有数千个大大小小的湖泊，其中最著名有北部的马焦雷湖、科莫湖、卡尔达湖。Italy there are thousands of large and small lakes, the most famous of which is the northern Maggiore, Komodo Lake Calda Lake. 意大利境内还有两个主权袖珍国：梵帝冈教皇国和圣马利诺。Italy, there are two sovereign countries Pocket Pope : Vatican City and San Marino.
Italy Italy is a beautiful country but is one of those countries which you probably have some questions and preconceptions, before your coming to this special country. A place of olive oil, pasta, wine, mafia and sunshine, roman ruins and renaissance palaces, Italy has a lot to give its tourists. Although some of these conceptions are amazing and interesting, it would be a shame if that was the only thing you come away with. Italy is certainly much more complex and stimulating than these concepts. EATING & DRINKING IN ITALY Italy is a country full of interesting things for the casual tourist and the educated tourist, it has deep Roman Catholic roots. The tourists can stay weeks in important tourist centers without reason to feel bored, but it is equally simple to get off the beaten track. In the north, next to the Alps and the landscapes of the Po river, many cultural gems and highly developed industrial cities fascinate. In this exciting country the people live the "la vita Italiana". Italians are very proud of their cuisine and rightly so, for their food is renowned throughout the world. Italians trace their gastronomic
产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚，深受消费者欢迎和好 Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the people's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; providing amenities for the people; making life easier for the population 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment 顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specifications 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一，信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) design; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance
意大利英文简介 Italy (Italian: Italia), officially the Italian Republic, (Italian: Repubblica Italiana), is located on the Italian Peninsula in Southern Europe, and on the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its northern Alpine boundary with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within the Italian Peninsula, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy has been the home of many European cultures, such as the Etruscans and the Romans, and later was the birthplace of the movement of the Renaissance, that began in Tuscany and spread all over Europe. Italy's capital Rome has been for centuries the center of Western civilization, and is the seat of the Catholic Church. Today, Italy is a democratic republic, and a developed country with the 7th-highest GDP, the 8th-highest Quality-of-life index,[1] and the 20th-highest Human Development Index
Italy-A Beautiful and Charming Land 意大利：美丽神奇之国 一、Name（名字的由来） The name "Italy" is extremely old. It seems to have been used first in documents of the 5th century BC. To describe a small territory at the tip of the boot-shaped peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea. Historians used to think that the name came from that of a legendary king, Italo. "意大利"这一名字极其古老。它最早被用在公元前5世纪的文件中，指延伸进地中海的靴形半岛顶端的那一小块领土。历史学家过去一直认为它取自一位传奇国王-意大洛的名字。人们还提出许多有独创性但却不大可能的理论来解释这一名字的来源。 No matter what its origins, the name of that small territory at the tip of the boot spreads, little by little, to indicate the whole peninsula. By about AD1000 the name designated a region, a dialect, and a culture. But it was not until the mid-19th century that the many separate nations on the peninsula were united into one nation, the nation to which the ancient name "Italy" was given. 不论其来源于何处，原来只指靴形半岛顶端那一小块领土的这一名字逐渐扩大到泛指整个半岛。大约到了公元1000年，它指一个地区，一种方言，以及一种文化。但是一直到19世纪中期，该半岛上的许多独立国家才联合成为一个国家，并以"意大利"这一古老的名字命名。 二、Brief introduction（简介） Italy is a great country full of history and culture that amazes the world. Italy is located in Southern Europe, on the Italian Peninsula and it’s bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, which hosts two Italian Islands: Sardinia and Sicily. Italy is a country full of beauty, art and fashion, all these are mixed to give Italy a magic atmosphere and to captivate tourist from every corner of the world. 意大利以其悠久的历史和丰富的文化吸引着中外游人。它坐落在欧洲南部的意大利半岛，毗邻由撒丁岛和西西里岛环绕的地中海。意大利是一座充满魅力的城市，时尚确不失美感，这些使得意大利有一种吸引全世界游客的魔力。 Discovering Italy can be a pleasant and unforgettable experience, each corner of this beautiful country will take you back in time to ancient times and you will recognize its great development till nowadays. Italy offers unbeatable touristic destinations such as: Florence and its artistic productions and fashion, Rome,
比萨斜塔英文介绍 比萨斜塔是意大利比萨城大教堂的独立式钟楼，是著名的旅游景点。下面学习啦小编为大家带来旅游英语比萨斜塔英文介绍，欢迎大家学习! 比萨斜塔英文介绍T h e T o w e r o f P i s a i s t h e b e l l t o w e r o f t h e C a t h e d r a l.I t s c o n s t r u c t i o n b e g a n i n t h e a u g u s t o f1173a n d c o n t i n u e d(w i t h t w o l o n g i n t e r r u p t i o n s) f o r a b o u t t w o h u n d r e d y e a r s, i n f u l l f i d e l i t y t o t h e o r i g i n a l p r o j e c t, w h o s e a r c h i t e c t i s s t i l l u n c e r t a i n. I n t h e p a s t i t w a s w i d e l y b e l i e v e d t h a t t h e i n c l i n a t i o n o f t h e T o w e r w a s p a r t o f t h e p r o j e c t e v e r s i n c e i t s b e g i n n i n g, b u t n o w w e k n o w t h a t i t i s n o t s o.T h e T o w e r w a s d e s i g n e d t o b e v e r t i c a l (a n d e v e n i f i t d i d n o t l e a n i t w o u l d s t i l l b e o n e o f t h e m o s t r e m a r k a b l e b e l l t o w e r s i n E u r o p e), a n d s t a r t e d t o i n c l i n e d u r i n g i t s c o n s t r u c t i o n. B o t h b e c a u s e o f i t s i n c l i n a t i o n, a n d i t s b e a u t y, f r o m 1173 u p t o t h e p r e s e n t t h e T o w e r h a s b e e n t h e
Copyright c by Stochastikon GmbH(https://www.doczj.com/doc/361544397.html,)1 Biography of Martino Martini SJ,China missionary Name and Name Modi?cations: Chinese:Wei Kuangguo Relevance for the China Mission: Martino Martini published several bestsellers on China in Europe:an Atlas of China,a Chinese history,a description of the conquest of China by the Manchus and a Mission statistics.Besides that,he helped to obtain a Decree in favor of the Chinese Rites in1656. Dates of Birth and Death: (?)20September1614in Trento,Tirol,Holy Roman Empire ofr German Nation,today Italy (?)6June1661in Hangzhou,China Family Data: Martini’s parents were Andrea and Cecilia de Rubeis. Martini joined the Society of Jesus on7or8October1632in Rome.Novi-ciate:1634-1635. Martini made his four solemn vows on15of August1655in Rome,in the Profess house of the Jesuits. Martini was ordained to priesthood in the beginning of September1638. Education: Martini quite probably attended the school in Trento run by the Jesuits from1625.After he had joined the Jesuits,he was sent to Rome.Like his brethren Matteo Ricci SJ(1552-1610)or Johann Adam Schall von Bell SJ (1592-1666)before him,he made his philosophical studies at the“Collegio Romano”(today Gregoriana),famous then for its scienti?c education.In Rome,Martini was private disciple of Athanasius Kircher SJ(1601-1680), the famous polymath and proto-Egyptologist.Martini exchanged letters with him after his arrival in China and sent him information,which Kircher used for his China...illustrata(Amsterdam1667).Martini studied Aristotle,
Italy Geography Italy is located in southern Europe and comprises the long, boot-shaped Italian Peninsula, the land between the peninsula and the Alps. Italy borders with Switzerland (740 km or 460 mi), France (488 km or 303 mi), Austria (430 km or 270 mi) and Slovenia (232 km or 144 mi). San Marino (39 km or 24 mi) and Vatican city (0.44 km or 0.27 mi) are enclaves. Including islands, Italy has a coastline of 7,600 kilometres on the Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea, Ligurian Sea, Sea of Sardinia and Strait of Sicily. Flag The flag of Italy is a tricolour featuring three equally sized vertical pales of green, white, and red, with the green at the hoist side. Its current form has been in use since 19 June 1946 and was formally adopted on 1 January 1948. Some have attributed particular values to the colors, and a common interpretation is that the green represents the country's plains and the hills; white, the snow-capped Alps; and red, blood spilt in the Wars of Italian Independence. A more religious interpretation is that the green represents hope, the white represents faith, and the red represents charity; this references the three theological virtues. Religion Roman Catholicism is by far the largest religion in the country. Although the Roman Catholic Church has been separated from the state, it still plays a role in the nation's political affairs partly due to Holy See's location in V atican City, within Rome itself. Some 98% of Italians are Roman Catholic of which one-third are active members. Most baptisms, weddings, and funeral services are held in church. An agreement called a concordat governs the relationship between Italy and the Roman Catholic Church. For instance, the agreement exempts priests and other members of religious orders from military service and gives tax exemptions to Catholic organizations. Even though the main Christian denomination in Italy is Roman Catholicism, there are some minorities of Protestant, Waldensian, Eastern Orthodox and other Christian churches. In the past two decades, Italy has received several waves of immigrants and as a result, some 825,000 Muslims (1.4%) live in Italy, although other estimates indicate that there are up to one million Muslims as well as, 75,000 Hindus, 50,000 Buddhists, and a historical community of 30,000 Jewish members. language The official language of Italy is Italian, a descendant of the Tuscan dialect and a direct descendant of Latin, but several regional languages are also spoken to varying degrees. Other non-indigenous languages are spoken by a substantial percentage of the population due to immigration.There are 31 endangered languages in Italy. The great Romantic English poet, Lord Byron, described Italian as a language that sounds "as if it should be writ on satin." Byron's description is not an isolated expression of poetic fancy but, in fact, a popular view of the Italian language across the world, often called the language of "love," "poetry," and "song." Italian , like English, belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. Like French and Spanish, it is a Romance language, one of the modern languages that developed from Latin. It is spoken by about 60 million people in Italy,。 There are only a few communities in Italy in which Italian is not spoken as the first language, but many speakers are native bilinguals of both standardised Italian and other regional languages. Economy Italy has a diversified industrial economy with high gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and developed infrastructure. According to the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and The World Factbook, in 2012 Italy was the ninth-largest economy in the world, the fifth-largest in Europe and the third-largest in the Eurozone in terms of nominal GDP, and the tenth-largest economy in the world and fifth-largest in Europe in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) GDP. Energy and natural resources Italy has few natural resources. There are no substantial deposits of iron, coal, or oil. Proven natural gas reserves, mainly in the
The location of Italy Italy is a southern European country, most in Europe from outside the Mediterranean Apennines land on the peninsula. Northwest-Southeast take the same shape strip west of the Kingdom of Sardinia to the old Sardinian. Another is the view of the southern island of Sicily, the largest island, a piece of the island and the Italian territory, Health feet as a footballer. 意大利是一个南欧国家，国土大部在欧洲伸入地中海的亚平宁半岛上，西北—东南走同，形状狭长，西部的是撒丁王国的旧地撒丁岛，南部的西西里岛是意大利另一个大的岛屿，把这个岛和意大利本土一块看，恰像一个脚在踢球。 The color of the flag: Green = hope; White = belief; Red = kindness. 颜色表现的三种主要的含义: 绿色= 希望；白色= 信念；红色= 仁慈 以食物代表为 绿色= 罗勒；白色= 莫扎瑞拉起士；红色= 番茄 其标志也表示为三个王国统一的意大利王国 绿色=米兰公国的旗帜，其图像为绿底加双头蛇标志；白色 =西西里王国，其图像为白底加西西里三曲腿标志；红色=威 尼斯城邦，其图像为红底加圣马可狮标志。 The food of Italy Nothing says Italy like its food, and nothing says Italian food like pasta. Wherever Italians have immigrated they have brought their pasta and so today it is basically an international staple. Unlike other ubiquitous Italian foods like Pizza and tomato sauce, which have fairly recent history pasta may indeed have a much older pedigree going back hundreds if not thousands of years. Torre pend ente di Pisa 比萨斜塔（意大利语：Torre pendente di Pisa或Torre di Pisa）是意大 利比萨城大教堂的独立式钟楼，于意大利托斯卡纳省比萨城北面的奇迹广 场上。广场的大片草坪上散布着一组宗教建筑，它们是大教堂（建造于 1063年—13世纪）、洗礼堂（建造于1153年—14世纪）、钟楼（即比萨 斜塔）和墓园（建造于1174年），它们的外墙面均为乳白色大理石砌成， 各自相对独立但又形成统一罗马式建筑风格。比萨斜塔位于比萨大教堂的 后面。 Campanil e di Giotto 乔托钟塔(Campanile di Giotto)：百花大教堂旁边的82公尺高塔，由建筑 家乔托于1334年开始建造，外观是一个四角形的柱状塔楼，把粉红、 浓绿和奶油三种颜色，以几何学的配色方式调和，和旁边的百花教堂十 分和谐，底部还有精致的浮雕，内部有楼梯可达顶部，共有290阶。
Italy 1. Venice - Venetia Venice is a unique city built on water in the middle of a lagoon. It is considered to be one of Italy's most beautiful and romantic cities. The heart of Venice is Piazza San Marco with its magnificent church. There are many museums, palaces, and churches to visit and wandering along the canals is interesting. Venice is in the northwest of Italy and historically was a bridge between East and West. In Venice: the Academy Galleries house the major collections of Venetian painting from 1300 to 1700; the G. Franchetti Gallery houses important paintings, while Guggenheim collection exhibits international works of contemporary art. In the Palazzo Grassi, exhibitions of international interest are organized every year. In this beautiful city there are also: the Museum of the eighteenth century life in Venice with tapestries, attire, furniture and paintings; the National Gallery of Modern Art, the Oriental Museum and the Corer Museum, which is reserved to Renaissance masterpieces. In Verona the Civic Museum of Art, which is devoted to the great Verona painting, the Archaeological Museum and the Museum of Frescoes can be visited. Vicenza offers: the Civic Museum (ethnology and archaeology) and the Pinacoteca. In Padua the famous Scrovegni Chapel, with Giotto’s frescoes, can be admired; the Civic Museum and the botanic garden, the oldest in Europe, can be admired. In Treviso there is the Museum of the Casa Trevigiana with modern furniture and sculptures. Rovigo has the Gallery of the Concordi (Venetian school from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century) and the Civic Museum of the Palestine Civilization. Venice Attractions: One of the best things to do in Venice is to take some time wandering along the canals off the main tourist track. Venice has many fine attractions and museums. Here are some of the top things to see in Venice: San Marco Square - Piazza San Marco is the main square of V enice surrounded by chic sidewalk cafes and fancy shops. While it's a great place to enjoy the scenery and people, you will definitely pay top price to sit at an outdoor table. In the evening, you can listen to live music, too. Walking in the piazza and taking photos is, of course, free. Saint Mark's Basilica - Basilica di San Marco is a beautiful church blending the architecture of East and West. It was consecrated in 832 AD. Doge's Palace - Palazzo Ducal, also on St. Mark's Square, is the most impressive building in Venice and well worth a tour. It was the political and judicial hub of Venetian government until the fall of the Venetian Republic in 1797. The palace was connected to its prisons by the famous "Bridge of Sighs." Grand Canal - Canal Grande is the main thoroughfare of Venice. It's full of all kinds of boats and lined with beautiful buildings.