New Century College English An Integrated English Course
Language
Focus
Book 3
Book Three
Unit One: People Around Us
Text A Something for Stevie
▇课文参考译文
送给史蒂维的一点心意
丹〃安德森
1 我力求不存偏见，不过在雇用史蒂维时我的确心存疑虑。他的就业顾问向我保证，说他会成为出色、可靠的餐馆杂工。我从未雇过智障的员工，是否要招收一位，我举棋不定。我的顾客会有什么反应，我没有把握。史蒂维是个矮个儿，胖墩墩的，如其他唐氏综合症患者一样，面部光滑，口齿不清。
2 对大多数来就餐的卡车司机们，我还是很放心的。只要食物好，馅饼地道，他们基本不在乎谁收碗碟。真正让我担心的是那些高谈阔论的大学走读生，那些因惧怕―路边餐馆的细菌‖而用餐巾悄悄擦拭银餐具的雅皮士势利眼儿们，还有那些穿白色衬衫、使用公款消费、认为餐馆里每个女服务员都渴望调情的商务人员。我知道，史蒂维在这里工作，他们会感到别扭，所以开头几个星期我密切地关注着他。
3 我的担心是多余的。第一周过后，史蒂维就抓住了我每位员工的心。不足一个月，我的老顾客?那些卡车司机们?就正式认定史蒂维为卡车司机休息站的吉祥人物。自此以后，我不再介意其他顾客的看法了。
4 史蒂维21岁，蓝色牛仔裤，耐克运动鞋，满面笑容，讨人喜爱，极端地敬业。他收拾好一张餐桌后，盐瓶和胡椒瓶归于原位，丝毫不差，桌面不见一点面包屑、一滴咖啡液。
5 我们唯一的问题是得说服他等待客人用餐完毕再去收拾桌子。他总是在不起眼的地方守候，左右脚替换着支撑体重，眼睛巡视整个餐厅。一看见哪张餐桌边的客人都离去，他立即赶过去，仔细地把碗碟收拾到餐车上，拿起抹布细密地擦桌子，动作娴熟、夸张。若他觉得有顾客正在看他，他就会眉头紧锁，更加专注。工作一丝不苟，这是他自豪的源泉。他取悦面前的每一个人，那煞费苦心的劲头真是惹人喜爱。
6 后来，我们得知史蒂维和母亲一起生活。他母亲是个寡妇，因患癌症多次经历手术而落下残疾。母子俩靠社会保险金生活，住在离餐馆两英里以外的廉租房里。社工人员偶尔登门看望，说他们母子生活着实艰辛贫困。他们手头拮据，我所付的工资仅能保证母子俩相依为命，史蒂维才不至于沦落到被―集体之家‖（为残障人士提供护理的机构）收容。
7 到了去年八月的一个早上，就是三年里史蒂维没能来上班的第一个早上，整个餐馆气氛忧伤。他在罗切斯特的梅奥诊所接受一个心脏手术，大概要臵入新的心脏膜瓣。社工人员说，有唐氏综合症的人常会在年轻时犯心脏病，所以史蒂维做手术不足为奇；几个月后，他有望从手术中恢复健康，重返工作岗位。
8 有一天接近中午时，有消息传来，说史蒂维手术结束，正在恢复，状况良好。员工当中激动的情绪如涟漪荡漾。领班弗兰妮听到消息，一声欢呼，旋即在过道上跳了一阵舞。经常光顾我们餐馆的一位卡车司机贝尔〃林格，此时诧异地看着年届五十、已有四个孙儿的弗兰妮在他桌边晃动身体，跳起祝贺胜利的希米舞。弗兰妮窘得红了脸，用手抹平围裙，朝着贝尔狠狠地瞪了一眼。
9 贝尔咧嘴一笑。―好了，弗兰妮，什么事那么高兴啊？‖他问。
10 ―我们刚得到消息，史蒂维做完了手术，平安无事。‖她回答。
11 ―我还一直在纳闷，怎么今天不见他呢？‖贝尔问。―本来有个笑话要讲给他听呢。做的是什么手术呢？‖
12 弗兰妮快言快语，把史蒂维的手术情况告诉贝尔和他旁边坐着的两个司机。―唉！‖弗兰妮叹息着说：―他平安无事，我很开心，但是我不知道他和他妈妈怎样支付所有的费用。我听说，他们的日子一直过得紧巴巴的。‖ 贝尔〃林格点点头，若有所思。弗兰妮匆匆离开，去招待其它桌的客人了。
13 上午的客流高峰一过，弗兰妮走进我的办公室。她手上拿着几张纸餐巾，表情诡异。―怎么了？‖我问。―在贝尔〃林格和他朋友坐过的那张餐桌上，‖她说，―这张折叠的餐巾纸就塞在一个咖啡杯下‖。她把那张餐巾递给我。我抖开它，三张20元的钞票跌落在我的桌面上。纸巾外面工整地写着：―送给史蒂维的一点心意‖，字母很大很粗。
14 ―波尼〃皮特也问我为何跳那支舞，‖她说。―我把史蒂维和他母亲的一切都告诉他了。皮特看看托尼，托尼看看皮特，他们最后把这个给了我。‖她递给我另一张纸餐巾，只见外面潦草地写着：―送给史蒂维的一点心意‖。折叠的餐巾中夹着两张50元的钞票。弗兰妮看着我，眼睛闪着泪花，摇摇头，只说一句话，―这些卡车司机啊。‖
15 那是三个月前的事了。今天是感恩节，是史蒂维重返工作岗位的第一天。他的就业顾问说，史蒂维一直数算着日子，直到医生告诉他可以上班了。就算这天是假日也没有关系。他在过去一周内打了十次电话，确保我们知道他要回来了，担心我们忘记他，担心丢掉这份工作。我经过筹划，让他母亲陪他来上班。我们在停车场迎接他们，邀请母子二人一起庆祝他归来。
16 史蒂维面色苍白，人也瘦了，但是总咧着嘴笑。他用力推开门，径直走向工作间，他的围裙和餐车正在那儿等着他呢。―等一下，史蒂维，别着急，‖我说。我挽着他们母子的手臂说，―等会儿再开工。我请二位吃早餐，庆祝史蒂维归来。‖我带他们向餐厅后面角落里一个大隔间走去。我们穿过餐厅的时候，我能感觉到、也能听到其他员工紧紧跟着。我回头望去，看见笑容满面的卡车司机们走出一个个隔间，融入员工的队伍中。
17 我们来到那张大餐桌前。桌面上凌乱的咖啡杯、小碟、餐盘，横七竖八地摆放在一堆折叠的纸餐巾上。―史蒂维，你要做的第一件事是，把这堆东西清理干净，‖我佯装严肃地说。史蒂维看看我，又看看母亲，从那堆餐巾纸中抽出一张。那餐巾外面写着：―送给史蒂维的一点心意‖。他拿起餐巾，两张10元钞票掉在桌子上。史蒂维看看钞票，又看看餐具下面露出的几十张餐巾，每一张都或工整或潦草地写着他的名字。
18 我转身对他母亲说：―这张桌上，有一万多元现金和支票，是卡车司机、卡车公司听说你们的家庭状况后送来的。感恩节快乐！‖天哪，此时一片欢腾，人们大声地叫着，也有流泪的。但是你知道此刻最有意思的是什么吗？就在大家都忙着握手、拥抱的时候，史蒂维笑容绽放，正忙着清理桌上的杯盘—他真是我手下最好的员工。
Good Usage
(Para. 1)
had my doubts about placement counselor assured me that …mentally handicapped facial features
thick-tongued speech (Para. 2)
bus tables
polish their silverware
for fear of
white-shirted businessmen expense account
be flirted with
be uncomfortable around…
closely watched
(Paras. 3-4)
had my staff wrapped around his little finger trucker regulars
adopted him as
eager to laugh and eager to please
fierce in one’s attention to his duties
was exactly in its place
got done with
(Para.5)
shifting his weight from one foot to the other with a practiced flourish of his rag
pucker his brows
with added concentration
took pride in doing his job exactly right (Para. 6)
over time
lived on
Social Security benefits
social worker
check on him
every so often
had fallen between the cracks
money was tight
(Para. 7)
a gloomy place
missed work
at an early age
There was a good chance (that) …
come through the surgery in good shape (Paras. 8-10)
A ripple of excitement ran through the staff… word came that …
was out of surgery
in recovery
head waitress let out a war whoop
smoothed her apron
shot Belle Ringer a withering look
what was that all about?
got word that
(Paras. 11-12)
handle all the bills
they’re barely getting by
as it is
nodded thoughtfully
wait on the rest of her tables
(Para. 13)
paper napkins
a funny look on her face
What’s up?
in big, bold letters
(Paras. 14– 15)
ended up giving me this
counting the days
his job was in jeopardy
arranged to have his mother bring him to work parking lot
celebrate his day back
(Para. 16)
headed for the back room
Hold up there
took him and his mother by their arms breakfast for you two is on me
at the rear of the room
Glancing over my shoulder
booth after booth of grinning truckers (Para. 17)
a mess of coffee cups, saucers and dinner plates clean up this mess
peeking from beneath the tableware (Para. 18)
clearing all the cups and dishes from the table
Key Words and Expressions for Text A
1. biased
a. having an unfair reason for liking or disliking s
b. 有偏见的；偏袒一方的
e.g. 1. You may say that I’m biased, but I think my daughter’s paintings are the best.
2. He seemed a bit biased against women in my opinion. 我认为他好像对女性有点儿成见。
2. assure
vt. [(of)] tell firmly and with confidence, esp. with the aim of removing doubt; promise [常与of连用]向……保证，使确信，使有信心
e.g. 1. The doctor assured us that our son would get well soon.
2. They tried to assure him of their willingness to work. 他们尽力使他相信他们乐意工作。CF: ensure, assure, guarantee 这些动词都有“保证”之意。
ensure侧重使人相信某个行为或力量产生的结果。例如：
Ensure that it is written into your contract.
assure侧重指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心，从而有达到目的的保证感，但不如ensure普通。
例如：I assure you that she can be trusted to do the job.
guarantee指对事物的品质或人的行为及履行义务、义务等承担责任的保证。例如：His turning up will guarantee the success of the meeting.
3. reliable
a. that may be trusted; dependable 可靠的；可信赖的
e.g. 1. Henry is a forgetful guy—he’s not very reliable.
2. She was efficient and reliable. 她办事很有效率，也很可靠。
4. for fear of:
because of anxiety about/that; in case (of) 由于担心……；因为怕……
e.g. 1. He left an hour early for fear of missing the train.
2. He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection. 他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。
5. dread
vt. feel great fear or anxiety about 害怕，恐惧；担心
e.g. 1. The old lady dreaded being all alone in that big house.
2. We all dread to think what will happen if the company closes.
我们都不敢去想一旦公司关门我们该怎么办。
6. wrap sb. a round one’s little finger
[infml] get sb. to do whatever one wants; be able to persuade or influence sb. to do anything〖非正式〗随心所欲地支配某人，任意摆布某人
e.g. 1. Your son is old enough to decide what to do; so don’t wrap him around your little finger.
2. She twists the young man around her little finger. 她任意摆布那个小伙子。
7. visible
a. [(to)]that can be seen; noticeable to the eye [常与to连用] 可见的，看得见的
e.g. 1. The tall church tower is visible from the nearby village.
2. The warning lights were clearly visible. 警示信号灯清晰可见。
8. get/be done with
be finished with 做完，结束
e.g. 1. Pass me the newspaper after you are done with it.
2. You’ll be surprised how much stuff you can get done with a bit of volunteer offline time.
少上点网，你会惊讶地发现你能利用这点时间做很多事情。
9. hover
vi. (of people) stay around one place, esp. in a way that annoys other people （人）徘徊；走来走去
e.g. 1. He hovered nervously in the doorway, waiting for the hostess to come out.
2. With no idea of what to do for my next move, my hand hovered over the board.
不知道下一步该怎么走，我一只手在棋盘上举落不定。
10. in the background
in a situation little seen or noticed; behind the place where the main activity is happening 不显眼；在幕后
e.g. 1. The President’s advisors are content to remain in the background.
2. He took a picture of me with the pavilion in the background.
他以那个亭子为背景给我照了一张相片。
11. take pride in
be proud of; draw satisfaction from 以……为荣（自豪）；对……感到满意
e.g. 1. Parents always take great pride in their children’s achievements.
2. It is difficult to take pride in work that is never seen. 没人看见的活儿，干起来不带劲。
12. each and every
each single individual in a group of people or things, without exception 每个（无一例外）
e.g. 1. It seems that the old librarian knows each and every book in the library.
2. It is the duty of each and every citizen to shake superstition off.
每个公民都有责任破除迷信。
13. check on
make sure that there is nothing wrong with sb./sth. 核实，检查（是否一切正常）
e.g. 1. The police are checking on what the young man said about the murder.
2. I wanted to check on the time your driver is picking me up.
我想问一下你的司机来接我的时间。
14. every so often
from time to time 偶尔，有时
e.g. 1. We seldom meet, but every so often we chat on the Internet.
2. We meet every so often and compare notes.
我们时常碰头，交换意见。
15. come through
continue to live or exist after (a difficult or dangerous event or situation); survive 经受住；熬过（困难、危险等）而活下来
e.g. 1. If he comes through the operation, he should be back to work within six or seven weeks.
2. John was so ill he was lucky to come through. 约翰病得很厉害，能活下来算很幸运了。
16. let out
suddenly make a loud sound such as a shout or cry发出（叫声等）
e.g. 1. The baby let out a cry of pain when the nurse gave him the injection.
2. When she saw him, she let out a cry of horror. 她看见他时吓得大叫一声。
17. shoot sb. a look/shoot a look at sb.
look quickly at sb., and then away again瞪某人一眼；投以……的神色
e.g. 1. She shot a curious look at the letter to see where it was from.
2. The man in the black overcoat shot a penetrating look at the other man.
身穿黑大衣的男子目光犀利地扫了另外一名男子一眼。
18. grin
vi. [(with, at)] make a wide smile [常与with或at连用]露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑
e.g. 1. The old man grinned with delight when he heard the good news.
2. Sarah tried several times to catch Philip's eye, but he just grinned at her.
萨拉几次想引起菲利普的注意，但是他只是冲她咧嘴笑了笑。
19. get by
have enough money to buy the things one needs, but no more 勉强过活
e.g. 1. The young couple can’t get by on such a small income.
2. Melville managed to get by on a small amount of money.
梅尔维尔仅靠一点点钱勉强度日。
20. as it is
in reality; in the situation that actually exists 事实上，实际情况是
e.g. 1. I thought my grandpa would get better. As it is, he is getting worse.
2. We’re busy enough as it is; don’t give us more trouble.我们够忙的，别再来添乱了。
21. wait on
serve (a customer, a client, etc.); attend sb. as a servant, helper, follower, etc. 招待(顾客等)；伺候，侍候
e.g. 1. Several young girls waited on the old woman every day; she didn’t seem able to do anything.
2. She looked around for a salesman to wait on her. 她环顾四周，找售货员接待她。
22. scrawl vt.
write in a careless, hurried, awkward, or unskillful way 潦草地写，乱涂乱画
e.g. 1. He scrawled a few hurried lines on his notebook and left the room.
2. Now Tom began to scrawl something on the slate, hiding the words from the girl.
这时候，汤姆又在写字板上写着什么字，还用手挡住不让那姑娘看见。
23. count the days
look forward to sth. with eagerness 热切地盼望
e.g. 1. Christmas is a few months away, but I’m already counting the days.
2. When I returned from a trip, I would count the days until my next vacation.
旅行才归来，我就开始算着日子期待下一个假期。
24. clean up
clean thoroughly and remove anything unwanted 彻底扫除；清理
e.g. 1. It took us hours to clean up the kitchen after the Thanksgiving dinner.
2. Let me clean up the broken glass before someone walks on it.
我来把碎玻璃扫掉，以免有人踩到。
25. dozens of
[Infml] lots of; very many〖非正式〗很多
e.g. 1. I’ve spoken to him dozens of times, but I still don’t remember his name.
2. He’s starred in dozens of films.他主演过很多部影片。
Text B The Cab Ride I’ll Never Forget
Key Words:
1. ennoble vt. make better and more honourable 使崇高，使受尊敬
e.g. Hard work hasn’t changed him for the worse; on the contrary, it has ennobled him.
The total effect of Aristofie’s thought is to ennoble humanity and to increase personal responsibility.
2. weep vi. [(over, for)] fml or lit cry tears [常与over或for连用] 〖正式或文〗流泪，哭泣
e.g. When she learned that her father was badly injured in the earthquake, she broke down and wept.
Laugh, and the world laughs with you; weep, and you weep alone.
3. await vt. fml wait for〖正式〗等待
e.g. Two men have been charged with the murder of that pop star and are now awaiting trial.
I grew to await it with a nameless dread.
4. frail a. weak in body or health虚弱的;衰弱的
e.g. She lay in bed looking rather frail. How could she look after herself?
His mother was becoming too frail to live alone.
5. pin vt. fasten or join with a pin or pins (用别针等)把……别住，(用钉等)把……钉住
e.g. He pinned the name tag on his jacket and entered the office building.
They pinned a notice to the door.
6. embarrassing a. making one feel ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable 令人为难的，尴尬的
e.g. It was a most embarrassing moment when I tried to introduce a woman whose name I couldn’t remember.
It was an embarrassing situation, but she managed to laugh it off.
7. glisten vi. [(with)] shine (as if) from wetness [常与with连用](湿物)闪耀，闪亮
e.g. The sun shone and the ice on the roof glistened.
Darcy’s face was white and glistening with sweat.
8. hint n. [(of)] a small sign or small amount [常与of连用](细微的)迹象，少许，微量
e.g. ―Move up; move to the rear of the bus,‖ shouted the bus d river with a hint of impatience.
I glanced at her and saw no hint of irony on her face.
9. crease vt. make a line or lines appear on (a garment, paper, cloth, etc.) by folding, crushing, or pressing 使起褶痕；起皱
e.g. Pack the clothes carefully so that you don’t crease them.
Liz sat down on the bed, lowering herself carefully so as not to crease her skirt.
10. considerate a. [(towards, to)] apprec thoughtful of the wishes, needs, or feelings of others [常与towards或to连用]〖褒〗体贴的，关心的；替他人着想的，考虑周全的
e.g. Please be considerate towards your roommates. Do not talk on the phone after midnight.
I’ve always understood one should try and be considerate to other people.
11. intent a. [(on, upon)] showing fixed or eager attention (in doing or wishing to do) [常与on 或upon连用] 专注的；专心于……的
e.g. He was so intent on his research that nothing could distract him.
The play starred a well-known retired actress who was intent on a comeback.
12. engage (sb. in sth.) vt. fml make sb. join with one in sth.〖正式〗使某人加入(参加)……
e.g. The policeman tried desperately to engage the suspect in conversation, but he just kept silent.
We want to engage recognized leaders in discussion.
13. condition vt. tech or derog train to behave in a certain way in certain conditions 〖术语或贬〗使形成条件反射；使适应；使习惯于
e.g. Most people are conditioned to believe what they read in the newspaper.
We are all conditioned by early impressions and experiences.
14. sole a. being the only one; only 唯一的，仅有的
e.g. John has been the sole breadwinner of the family after his parents died.
Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
CF: only, single, sole这些形容词均可表示“唯一的”之意。
only为普通用词，常可与sole换用，但侧重仅限于指定的人或物，而不需要更多。例如：That left Mr Dertliev as the only candidate.
single语气较强，强调仅此一个，再无第二个。例如：
Over six hundred people were wounded in a single day.
sole语气强于only，指仅有一个或一群，只考虑这一个或这一群。例如：
He was the sole heir of the large estate.
Expressions:
1. count on expect; take into account; depend on 期望,料想到；依靠，指望
e.g. I didn’t count on Jeff arriving so early that day. He’s seldom on time.
Don’t count on other people to help you out of trouble.
2. except for apart from; with the exception of 除了……之外
e.g. After the long walk, my grandpa felt fine except for being a little tired.
The weather was good except for an occasional shower.
3. shut off stop the flow or operation (of), e.g. by turning a handle or pressing a button (把……)切断，关掉
e.g. Shut off the gas and electricity before you leave the house for your holidays.
They pulled over and shut off the engine.
4. pull up (cause to) come to a stop (使)停住
e.g. There was an accident ahead, so all the vehicles had to pull up.
Suddenly, he pulled up sharply in his stride, and fell to the floor.
5. make a living gain sufficient money to support oneself (and one’s family) 谋生；赚钱糊口
e.g. To make a living, Kelly has done such things as babysitting, cleaning and selling newspapers.
She heard that it was easier to make a living in the big cities.
6. hold on to keep holding (sth./sb) 抓紧；不放开
e.g. Grandpa is so frail that h e can’t walk without holding on to someone’s arm.
When you’re standing in the subway, you'd better hold on to the strap.
7. engage (sb. in sth.) vt. fml make sb. join with one in sth.〖正式〗使某人加入(参加)……
e.g. They tried to engage the shy boy in conversation.
In vain did we try to engage him in our group activities, and he didn't show the least interest.
8. revolve around[no pass.; not in progressive forms] have as a centre or main subject [无被动态；不用进行式]以……为中心(主题)
e.g. Jane’s life revolves around her children—she seldom cares about hersel
f.
Their troubles revolve around money management.
9. catch sb. unawares surprise sb. by one’s presence 出其不意地出现
e.g. The little boy’s question caught me completely unawares. I had never thought about it before.
You caught us unawares by coming so early.
Difficult Sentences
1 Under these circumstances, many drivers would just honk once or twice, wait a short minute, then drive away. (Para. 5)
在这种情况下，很多司机只会按一两下喇叭，等一小会儿，然后驱车而去。
2 She was wearing a print dress and a pillbox hat with a veil pinned on it, like someone out of a
1940s movie. (Para. 8)
她穿着一身印花裙子，戴着一顶平顶无边女帽，上面还别着面纱，看上去就像从20世纪40年代电影中走出来的人。
3 I quietly reached over and shut off the meter. (Para. 18)
我默默地伸出手，把里程计价器关掉。
4 It was the sound of the closing of a life. (Para. 28)
那是一个生命即将结束的声音。
5 When that woman hugged me and said that I had brought her a moment of joy, it was possible to believe that I had been placed on earth for the sole purpose of providing her with that last ride. (Para. 30)
老人拥抱着我，说我带给她片刻的开心，那时我甚至相信，我来到这世上的唯一目的就是送她这最后一程。
Enhance Your Language Awareness
Grammar in Context
分词作定语
1. 单个分词作定语，一般置于被修饰名词的前面，个别分词如given, left作定语时需要后置，
修饰不定代词something等也需要后置。
We can see the rising sun.
He is a retired worker.
This is the question given.
There is nothing interesting.
2. 分词短语作定语，只能后置。
The first textbook written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
3. 过去分词作定语时，与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people (who were) invited to the party were famous scientists.
定语从句
定语从句（attributive clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语或宾语：
Is he the man who / that wants to see you?
He is the man whom / that I saw yesterday.
2）whose用来指人或物（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用，例如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when，where，why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
Book Three
Unit Two: Love
Text A How Deep Is Your Love?
课文参考译文
你的爱有多深
曼茜〃巴蒂亚
1 有人认为爱如浮云
有人认为爱坚强如铁
有人认为爱是一种生活方式
有人认为爱是一种感觉
有人说爱要执着
有人说爱不要约束
有人说爱是生命的全部
有人说不知道爱为何物
2 在我们生命中的某个阶段，我们会经历某种难以名状的情感所带来的阵阵折磨。这种情感只能体会，无法用语言描述。莫大的喜悦伴随着丝丝的伤感一同降临，这就是爱。
3 在紧张忙碌的生活中，我们竟能找到时间沉湎于感情之中，这的确令人感佩。然而，此时我想知道：我们是否懂得爱到底有多么深刻。记得上学的时候，我迷恋的对象真是数不清：我的数学老师、邻居的儿子、好朋友的弟弟，还有另外一些因为眼睛的颜色、胡子的形状或走路的姿势而让我倾慕的人。年少时的爱慕，不会带来伤害，如肥皂泡一样转瞬即逝。那些稚气、大胆的想法和行为，现在想来大可一笑了之。但是，在那时，对我来说，没有比恋爱更重要的事了。接着就进入了真正?谈?情?说?爱的阶段。
4 我在女子学校学习，和男孩子交往的机会寥寥无几，因此，我热切地期待着我们学校和男子学校举办的交谊会。交谊会上，一群精心打扮的年轻男子毫无顾忌地盯着我们。这三个小时中的点点滴滴，成了我们在以后四个星期中足够的谈资，我们在议论时，心情澎湃。
5 即使是在那个时候，我也没有真正交男朋友的需要。
6 在我的成长岁月中，不知何故，我相信爱情该来的时候自然会来。事实果真如此。当我有了稳定的工作，有了长期的计划和比较安定的生活时（我现在还不到25岁呢！），爱情降临了。我也比较成熟了，能够步入不贪图许多回报而需要大量付出的感情关系。
7 我的爱情是在友谊这块地基上建起的高楼大厦。爱情经过旷日持久的培养才开花。我和我的恋人相互理解、同甘共苦、相互关心，投入了丰富的感情，才使爱情发展到今天。爱情意味着情投意合。你也许会说，我属于浪漫的传统派。但是，依我看，爱情需要培养。我们必须把爱情同强烈而短暂的激情或身体的愉悦区别开来。
8 我们的父辈，被灌输了太多的（爱情）理想。那是一个约束、压抑、崇敬、仰慕和十足浪漫的年代。长裙、娴静质朴的外表、卷曲的长发、恬静的气质、羞怯的目光——这一切常使人想起一个消逝久远的年代。从某种程度上来说，那个时代异性之间的距离帮助他们维持了恋爱的神圣性。
9 年轻的一代人，由于观念开放，随着男女之间交往界线的消退，他们便急于赶浪头，匆
忙恋爱，以至于难以区分身体的互相吸引与心灵的相投。我们从媒体中接触到的人和事，使我们的感情历程大大加速，要想慢慢地体会自己的感受，确实需要付出努力。
10 每每听到学校的孩子们夸口说自己有过多少次性关系的经历，我都十分惊讶。年仅18岁的女孩们已有过七八次跟异性?勾勾搭搭?的经历，我感觉极其惊骇。
11 这些青少年在全然没有感情的关系中所背负的感情包袱，令我深感难过。也许有些人会把他们目前的感情状况归结为同龄人之间所施加的压力。但是，可曾有任何人停下来想一想同龄人之间的压力来自何处？我们是否尝试着弄清楚是谁造成了这样的转变？可曾有人费神去研究青少年的心理呢？
12 从这一代人处理个人生活的方式上，我们很容易看出他们的思想倾向。跟从前相比，现在有更多的情感在欲望的压力下扭曲。他们更注重外表的美丽而忽视内在的魅力。两性交往随便了，亲密无间却少了；激情多了，感情却少了；个人获得的多了，相互间分享的少了；寻机获利的现象多了，无私的奉献少了。简而言之，?自我?多了，爱的分享少了。
13 在这个竞争激烈的年代，我们已经变得麻木不仁，将恋爱的实质抛于脑后。作为恋爱中的人，不只是意味着把红色的玫瑰花和五毛钱一张的卡片送给恋人，我们要做的事情还很多。我们将自己的时间、陪伴、支持和友谊作为礼物送给自己的恋人了吗？我们是否确定了生活中最重要的事情，而后真诚地做好每一件事？我们是否先在情感上成熟起来，再尽情地追求爱情？我们是否给自己、给他人足够的时间和空间以巩固恋情的发展？我们是否为了追求有意义的、永恒的友谊而不遗余力？我们是否履行了自己的承诺？我们是否将自己的精力和感情倾注于终生不渝的关系而不是浪费在朝秦暮楚的关系中？
14 人的生命只有一次，我们必须去体验能使我们更为坚强的每件事。真正的爱情一生只有一次。我们本不该任由轻佻的行为令自己身心疲惫，而当真正的爱情到来时，我们却没有能力伸开双臂迎接它的降临。
Good Usage
(Paras. 1-2)
is holding on
let it go
at some stage or the other
defies definition
a feeling that can only be felt and not described
an overwhelming joy
(Para. 3)
given the busy nature of our lives
indulge in
having countless crushes
the way they walked
harmless puppy loves
as brief as soap bubbles
nothing could be more serious an affair for me (Paras. 4-5)
interact with the opposite gender
well-groomed young gentlemen
provided us with enough content
feel excited about
there was no real need of…
(Paras. 6-7)
happen when it had to
It came at an age when…
a more or less settled life
demands a lot of give and not so much of take loads of sharing and caring
a meeting of minds
the traditional school of romance
be distinguished from
the intense but short-lived love
(Para. 8)
our parents’ generation
was fed lavishly with ideals
shy glance
are …remindful of
a bygone era
(Paras. 9-10)
has jumped on the bandwagon of love physical attraction and mental compatibilities have been exposed to
have fast paced
taking things slow requires effort on our parts brag about
(Paras.11-12)
all too evident
emotional baggage
blame…on
the current affairs
peer pressure
figure out
is responsible for this shift
the state of mind of
handle its personal life under the pressures of lust
There is more focus on … than on …physical beauty
inner charm
(Para.13)
this competitive age
our object of affection
set priorities
with sincerity
be self-sufficient emotionally
letting ourselves loose
working towards meaningful and lasting friendships
honouring our commitments
channeling our energies and emotions towards lifelong bonds
seasonal relationships
(Para.14)
True love happens once in a lifetime. frivolous acts
receive … with open arms
Key Words and Expressions for Text A
1. hold on continue in spite of difficulties 继续（坚持）下去
e.g. It’s a difficult task, but if we hold on we’ll succeed in the end.
We should hold on to our business during the recession.
在经济衰退时期我们要把业务坚持下去。
2. defy vt. make impossible or unsuccessful; refuse to obey 使不可能，使落空；违抗
e.g. The forest fire spread so fast that it defied any attempt to control it.
These criminals who had defied the law were eventually punished.
这些无视法律的罪犯终于得到了惩罚。
Collocations:
defy the authority 反抗权威
defy the government 蔑视政府
defy severe cold 不畏严寒
CF: oppose, defy & resist这些动词均含有“反抗”、“抵抗”之意。
oppose 普通用词，可表不同程度的抵抗。例：
* This new plan has been stubbornly opposed since it was put forward.
defy 指公开地、勇敢地反对或抵抗，有时含公然挑衅之意。例：
* He defied the court order by leaving the country.
resist 指积极地反抗一种攻击、暴力或诱惑。例：
* Our troopers are resisting the enemy’s attacks.
The little boy couldn’t resist the temptation and ate up all the cake.
3. given prep. if one takes into account 如果考虑到，倘若
e.g. Given (the fact) that the y’re inexperienced, they’ve done a good job.
Given the company’s poor achievement in the first half of the year, we decided that the investment be left aside.
考虑到公司上半年业绩不佳，我们决定暂缓这次投资。
4. interact vi. [(with)] (of people) act together or co-operatively, esp. so as to communicate with each other; act or have an effect on each other [常与with连用] （指人）一起活动或互相合作（尤指为互相联系）；互相作用；互相影响
e.g. Language teachers should know how to interact with their students in class.
Teachers should interact with students frequently to ensure a good class atmosphere.
师生之间应繁互动，才能有好的课堂氛围。
5. give and take willingness of each person to give way to (some of ) the other’s wishes; willingness to compromise 互相让步（迁就）；妥协
e.g. There has to be a lot of give and take in any successful marriage.
If the dispute is to be resolved there must be some give and take.
若要争执获得解决，双方就要互相让步。
6. build … on/upon base on 建立在……之上
e.g. Don’t build your hopes on his promises; he never keeps his word.
A good marriage should be built on mutual understanding.
好的婚姻应该建立在相互理解的基础上。
7. affection n. fondness; gentle lasting love, like that of a parent for a child 感情；挚爱，钟爱，（父母对子女的）慈爱
e.g. The old man has a deep and strong affection for the town where he grew up.
The old man felt great affection for his granddaughter.
老人很疼爱他的孙女。
CF: affection, love & attachment这些名词均含“爱”、“热爱”之意。
affection 指对人的爱慕或深厚、温柔的感情，强调感情的深沉。例：
* Father looked at his little daughter in the white wedding dress with great affection and a little sadness.
love比affection的语气更强。表示一种难以控制的激情。例：
* The young couple love each other so much that they can’t stand a moment apart.
attachment 通常用于书面文字中，既可指对某人某物的喜欢，又可指出自理智对某人或某物的热爱，尤指长时间的爱。例：
* I never realize my attachment to the comforts of home until I have to leave it.
8. ideal n. [often pl.] (a belief in) high principles or perfect standards [常用复数]理想
e.g. She’s spent her whole life in pursuit of her ideal of becoming a well-known writer.
There is in reality a gap between the ideal and the actual.
理想和现实之间事实上存在着差距。
9. era n. period in history marked by an important event or development （以重大事件或重要发展为标志的）历史时期，时代
e.g. The Tang Dynasty was an era of prosperity in the history of China.
Some say the computer has ushered in a new era. 有人说电脑引入了一个新时代。
10. restraint n. [C (on)] sth. that restrains; restriction; [U] often apprec the quality of being restrained or restraining oneself [常与on连用]限制（物）；〖常褒〗克制，抑制，遏制
e.g. Lack of space is the main restraint on the firm’s business expansion.
As they grow older, kids begin to rebel against the restraints imposed by their parents.
随着孩子们渐渐长大，他们开始反抗父母的管束。
11. curl vt. twist into or form a curl or curls 使弯曲
e.g. She kicked off her shoes and curled her feet under her.
He yawned and curled his body and fell alseep. 他打了个呵欠，蜷拢起身子，睡着了。
12. preserve vt. [(from)] prevent (sb. or sth.) from being harmed or destroyed [常与from连用]保护；保存（使免受破坏）
e.g. There is much we can do to preserve the environment from being polluted.
What can we do to preserve the natural resources from ruin?
我们怎么做才能保护自然资源不遭破坏?
13. haste n. [U] too much speed, often with bad or unwanted results; quick movement or action, esp. when one has very little time to do sth.; speed 过速，急忙；性急；匆忙，仓促
e.g. In his haste to leave, he almost forgot to say goodbye to his host.
More haste, less speed. 欲速则不达。
14. via prep. by means of; using 通过，借助于
e.g. I frequently send messages to my friends via my mobile phone.
The Olympics were telecast live via satellite. 奥运比赛通过人造卫星做实况转播。
15. horrify vt. shock greatly; fill with horror使震惊；使感到恐怖
e.g. I’ve seen this kind of disasters so many times that this latest one just doesn’t horrify me any more.
The pictures of the car crash horrified us. 这些车祸的照片把我们吓坏了。
16. state of affairs circumstances or conditions; situation 情况；局势
e.g. They’ve lost everything in the floods—it’s a sad state of affairs.
The present state of affairs cannot be allowed to go on. 目前的情况不得再继续下去了。
17. acquire vt. gain (sth.) by one’s own ability, efforts or behaviour （靠自己的能力、努力或行为而）获得，得到（某事物）
e.g. She has acquired a good knowledge of English by self-study.
Some people go back for their education to acquire another degree or diploma to impress
the society.
有些人回到学校去接受教育，是想再取得一个学位或一张文凭，以增强自己在社会上的地位。CF: acquire, obtain, gain & get这些动词均含“获得”、“取得”、“得到”之意。
acquire 强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。例：
* It takes years to acquire a good knowledge of English.
obtain 较正式用词，着重指通过付出巨大努力而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。例：
* He always manages to obtain what he wants.
gain 强调指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就，获得某种利益或好处。例：
* Recently he gained a small fortune in real estate.
get 普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。例：
* I got nothing but trouble for my efforts.
18. in short put it into as few words as possible; all I mean is 简单地说；总而言之
e.g. The baby cried and cried day and night and often fell sick; in short, the new-born gave them no peace.
In short, the book was an exciting story about a detective.
简单地说，那本书是关于一位侦探的刺激故事。
19. sincerity n. [U] the quality of being sincere; honesty and lack of deceit 诚挚，真诚，诚意
e.g. I may say in all sincerity that your help is very valuable.
We were impressed by his sincerity and hospitality.
他的诚恳和好客给我们留下了很深的印象。
20. let someone loose (on sth.)allow sb. to deal with sth. in their own way 让……任意（放手）行动
e.g. He’s too young to behave properly; you shouldn’t let him loose.
Father let his son loose on the family business after his retirement.
父亲退休后就把家里的生意放手交给了儿子。
21. forge vt. form by heating and hammering; fig create (usu. a lasting relationship) by means of much hard work; make a copy of (sth.) in order to deceive 锻造；〖比喻〗（靠艰苦工作）建立（通常为长期关系）；伪造；假冒
e.g. True unity and friendship can only be forged through trials and tribulations.
Their long-term reciprocal relationship is forged by the both sides.
他们长期的互惠合作是双方共同促成的。
Text B Holding Hands
Key Words:
1. moist a. usu. apprec slightly wet〖一般褒〗潮湿的，微湿的
e.g. This plant grows in a moderately moist environment.
I like the air just as moist and warm as that in a tropical area.
2. engaged a. having agreed to marry已订婚的
e.g. John got engaged to her when travelling last winter.
They announced to the assembled guests that they were engaged to be married.
3. pursue vt. try to achieve sth.; continue steadily with; carry on 努力实现，追求；继续从事，进行
e.g. She is pursuing her studies at the same university as her brother did five years ago.
She pushed herself to pursue a musical career.
4. fascinate vt. attract and hold the interest or attention of 强烈地吸引，把……迷住
e.g. The idea of traveling around the world has always fascinated her.
The audience was fascinated by their superb performance.
5. grace n. [U] a fine and attractive quality in movement or form （动作、体态的）优美；优雅自然
e.g. She declined the invitation with grace.
She was a beautiful girl with the grace and poise of a natural model.
6. delicacy n. [U] the quality of being delicate细致；精致
e.g. Repairing damaged nerves is an operation with great delicacy.
The delicacy of roses makes them unfit for an extreme climate.
7. bathe vt. AmE have a bath〖美〗洗澡
e.g. It is unwise to bathe immediately after a meal.
It was the noon halt, and we decided to bathe in the cool, inviting stream.
8. haircut n. an occasion of having the hair cut 理发
e.g. The barber gave him a shave and a haircut.
If I have time tomorrow, I think I’ll get a haircut.
9. towel vt. rub or dry with a towel用毛巾擦（擦干）
e.g. Do towel the children down very thoroughly, or they might catch cold.
I toweled my son down very thoroughly, because he was wet to the skin.
10. manipulate vt. work with skillful use of the hands（熟练地用手）操作
e.g. Though he is just seven, he can manipulate the computer rather skillfully.
A clever politician knows how to manipulate his supporters.
11. maximum n. (pl. maximums or maxima) the largest number, amount, etc. 最大值；最大量
e.g. The classroom holds a maximum of 50 people, not one more.
The speed limit is 40 miles an hour. Don’t exceed this maximum.
12. minimum n. (pl. minimums or minima) the smallest number, amount, etc. 最小量；最低限度
e.g. Repairing your car will cost a minimum of $200.
Passengers may only take aboard the aircraft a minimum of hand luggage.
13. complaint n. [C (about, against)] a statement of dissatisfaction, unhappiness, pain, etc. [常与about或against连用]诉苦的话；怨言；牢骚
e.g. Even though his workload is heavy, he never makes any complaints.
We’ve received a lot of complaints of bad workmanship.
14. marketing n. [U] the branch of business concerned with advertising, publicity (宣传), etc. 市场学；销售业务
e.g. The ranges of his business include the production and marketing of automobiles.
Mr. Smith takes care of marketing and publicity.
15. agonizing a. causing great pain or anxiety 引起痛苦（焦虑）的
e.g. Tim was hurt in the traffic accident suffering from agonizing pain.
All the people are yearning for an early end to this agonizing situation.
16. overjoyed a. extremely pleased; full of joy 极为高兴的，非常开心的
e.g. She was overjoyed to get a letter from her son who is now working in Africa.
They will be overjoyed to find you safe and sound.
17. clip vt. cut with scissors or another sharp instrument, esp. in order to make shorter or neater （用剪刀等）修剪
e.g. I like to clip pictures out of newspapers and keep them in a big box.
The dog’s fur was clipped short for the show.
18. file vt. rub or cut with a file 锉
e.g. He tried to file the nail sharp.
He filed the wood smooth.
19. dresser n. AmE a chest of drawers (衣柜), used esp. for clothing, often with a mirror on top 〖美〗带镜衣柜
e.g. He folded the clothes and carefully put them in the dresser.
Lydia stood looking at herself in the mirror of the yellow bedroom’s dresser.
20. grief n. [U] great sorrow or feelings of suffering 悲痛，忧伤
e.g. She went nearly mad with grief after the child died.
A flash of grief came upon her when she heard the news.
21. icy a. extremely cold; covered with ice 冰冷的；结满冰的，冰封的
e.g. He urged me to drive carefully on the icy roads.
It is difficult to keep one’s balanc e on an icy pavement.
22. presence n. the fact of being in a particular place 存在；出席，到场
Unit Two Optimism and Positive Thinking Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ■ Working with Words and Expressions 1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: positive startled perspective harden shape address crises curse incredible 10) conversely 11) issue 12) response 13) prior 14) rare 15) accomplish 2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: get the hang of have lived through makes a difference have no idea concerned with slipped over ran into in reverse mull over ■ I ncreasing Your Word Power 1. D ecide whether “do ”, “make ”or “take ”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary. ■ A nswers: does make take do make Take done taken making ))))))))) ))))))))) ))))))))) 10) took
Text A compelled 迫使destruction 破坏eternal 永恒的output 产量retreat 撤退threaten 威胁transfer 转移Text B bare 赤裸consumed 耗尽have emerged 出现hollow 空心mass 大量miracle 奇迹pile 一堆scrape擦spark 火星thereby 由此tipped 顶端trigger 触发 1. If you had had a spark of consideration for your family ,you wouldn't have taken so many stupid risks. 如果你有为你的家人多一点考虑，你就不会有那么多愚蠢的风险。 2. Due to the lack of labor force, even women in this village were compelled to work in the coal mines. 由于缺乏劳动力这个村的妇女甚至被迫在煤矿工作。 3. We went through lovely countryside with great mountains, some of them beautiful and green and wooded, while others bare and wild. 我们穿过了美丽的农村巨大的群山，其中一些美丽的绿色和繁茂的，而其他人赤裸的和野生。 4. The cleaner took off his coat and began to scrape the ashes from the furnace with his bare hands. 清洁脱掉外套，开始擦去炉上的灰烬随着他的赤裸的双手。 5. People in that area are already threatened with environmental destruction since 60% of the forest there has been destroyed. 人们已经感受到环境破坏方面的威胁，因为有60％的森林已被破坏 6. The auto company has seen a huge increase in the output of private can this year due to the improved working efficiency. 汽车公司已经看到了今年由于提高了工作效率，私人产量大幅增加。 7. Under the severe attack from enemy aircraft, the troops were forced to retreat from front. 在敌机的严厉打击下，前面的部队被迫撤退。 8. When I came up to a giraffe lying on the grasses, I found that it had been killed with a spear tipped with poison. 当我来到一个长颈鹿躺在草，我发现它已经被带毒尖矛杀死。 9. He stayed eight days in an open boat with no food, and he was still alive; his survival was a(n) miracle. 他在无遮档的小船上呆了八天,又无食物,还活下来了,这真是个奇迹。 10. Survival of the Fittest is an eternal truth of nature. 适者生存是一个自然界的永恒的真理。 11. His hear sank when he saw the fresh pile of mails, memos and telephone messages on his desk. 他听到沉没时，他看到邮件的新的一堆，在他的书桌上的备忘录和电话留言。 12. The military government refused to transfer power to a democratically elected civilian government. 军事政府拒绝将权力移交给一个民选的文官政府. 13. In that area nearly six million people are affected by the drought and the civil war, and there is a real danger of mass starvation. 在那个地区近六百万人受到干旱和内战的影响，并有大规模饥荒的一个真正的危险。 14. Postal service personnel who are severely irresponsible purposely delay sending mail, thereby giving rise to great loss of public trust. 谁是严重不负责任的邮政服务人员故意延迟发送邮件，致使公共信任的巨大损失。 15. With the increase in the number of foreign funded enterprises, various kinds of financial disputes have emerged. 随着外资企业的增加，各类经济纠纷的出现。 16. The earthquake may trigger landslides that cause great damage and loss of life. 地震可能引发的山体滑坡造 成巨大的破坏和生命损失。 17. Deforesting and global warming threaten to ruin the current and future state of our environment. 毁林和全球变暖的威胁破坏我们的环境的当前和未来的态。 18. It was reported that almost 7 million liters consumed during the 16-day beer festival in Germany that year. 据报道，每年大约7000000 公升的啤酒节的16 天在德国消耗。 19. On a bitterly cold night, the only shelter he could find was the hollow trunk of a great tree. 在一个寒冷的夜晚，他能找到的唯一的栖身之处是空心的大树的树干。
新世纪大学英语系列教材综合教程三3（New century college English Series coursebook three, 3） New century integrated unit test -- Unit 3, Book 4 Listening Comprehension Please fill in the Script as required: True or False Directions: There are ten statements in this section. Numbers are based on 1 to 6 Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Listen carefully and decide whether each of the following is true or false. (10 points) One True False Please fill in the Script as required: When, the, author, got, first, computer, he, was, rather, surprised, to, find, there, were, his, already, so,, many, magazines, computing., about Two True False Please fill in the Script as required:
The, author, was, sure, that, he, should, write, because, he,, had, acquired, enough, knowledge. Three True False Please fill in the Script as required: At, the, very, beginning, the, author, did, not, know, that, technology, and, freedom,, were, related, other., to, each Four True False Please fill in the Script as required: By, acquiring, more, knowledge, people, may, find, that, today's, truth,, may, not, be, true, tomorrow. Five True False Please fill in the Script as required: In 1992, Brazil, suffered, a, lot, the, terrible, rains, because, its, forecasters, from, did, not,, know, the, beforehand., relevant, information
One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?
Unit1 Working with words and expressions 1. 2. cloze Translation
Answers to Unit 2 Book 4 Unit Two Man and Technology Words in Action Working with Words and Expressions 1. 1) monitor 2) phenomenon 3) isolation 4) gradual 5) opponent 6) advent 7) genetic 8) consciously 9) extreme 10) nasty 11) boom 12) formal 13) soar 14) survey 15) Similarly 16) modify 17) rough 2. 1) at the same time 2) are stuck with 3) for certain 4) make no difference 5) on average 6) when it comes to 7) depends on 8) built into 9) come to mind 10) at work Increasing Your Word Power 1. Adjectives Nouns Adjectives
Nouns 1) technological technology 6) luxurious luxury 2) eternal eternity 7) leisurely leisure 3) miraculous miracle 8) subjective subject 4) relevant relevance 9) prosperous prosperity 5) analytical Analysis 10) innovative innovation 2. 2) multi-faith 3) multiform 4) multifunction 5) multi-ethnic 6) multilateral 7) multi-lingual 8) multimedia 9) multimillionaire 10) multinational 1) a multi-faith society 2) a multi-lingual secretary 3) a multimillionaire 4) a multinational motor-manufacturing corporation 5) a multifunction video camera
BOOK2课文译文 UNIT1 TextA 中国式的学习风格 1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店堂。 我们的房门钥匙系在一块标有房间号的大塑料板上。酒店鼓励客人外出时留下钥匙，可以交给服务员，也可以从一个槽口塞入钥匙箱。由于口子狭小，你得留神将钥匙放准位置才塞得进去。 本杰明爱拿着钥匙走来走去，边走边用力摇晃着。他还喜欢试着把钥匙往槽口里塞。由于他还年幼，不太明白得把钥匙放准位置才成，因此总塞不进去。本杰明一点也不在意。他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。 我和埃伦都满不在乎，任由本杰明拿着钥匙在钥匙箱槽口鼓捣。他的探索行为似乎并无任何害处。但我很快就观察到一个有趣的现象。饭店里任何一个中国工作人员若在近旁，都会走过来看着本杰明，见他初试失败，便都会试图帮忙。他们会轻轻握牢本杰明的手，直接将它引向钥匙槽口，进行必要的重新定位，并帮他把钥匙插入槽口。然后那位“老师”会有所期待地对着我和埃伦微笑，似乎等着我们说声谢谢——偶尔他会微微皱眉，似乎觉得我俩没有尽到当父母的责任。 我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示中国人对创造性活动的态度。因此，不久我就在与中国教育工作者讨论时谈起了钥匙槽口一事。 两种不同的学习方式
我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。既然大人知道怎么把钥匙塞进槽口——这是走近槽口的最终目的，既然孩子还很年幼，还没有灵巧到可以独自完成要做的动作，让他自己瞎折腾会有什么好处呢？他很有可能会灰心丧气发脾气——这当然不是所希望的结果。为什么不教他怎么做呢？他会高兴，他还能早些学会做这件事，进而去学做更复杂的事，如开门，或索要钥匙——这两件事到时候同样可以（也应该）示范给他看。 我俩颇为同情地听着这一番道理，解释道，首先，我们并不在意本杰明能不能把钥匙塞进钥匙的槽口。他玩得开心，而且在探索，这两点才是我们真正看重的。但关键在于，在这个过程中，我们试图让本杰明懂得，一个人是能够很好地自行解决问题的。这种自力更生的精神是美国中产阶级最重要的一条育儿观。如果我们向孩子演示该如何做某件事——把钥匙塞进钥匙槽口也好，画只鸡或是弥补某种错误行为也好——那他就不太可能自行想方设法去完成这件事。从更广泛的意义上说，他就不太可能——如美国人那样——将人生视为一系列 的情境，在这些情境中，一个人必须学会独立思考，学会独立解决问题，进而学会发现需要创造性地加以解决的新问题。 把着手教 回想起来，当时我就清楚地意识到，这件事正是体现了问题的关键之所在——而且不仅仅是一种意义上的关键之所在。这件事表明了我们两国在教育和艺术实践上的重要差异。 那些善意的中国旁观者前来帮助本杰明时，他们不是简单地像我可能会做的那样笨拙地或是犹犹豫豫地把他的手往下推。相反，他们极其熟练地、轻轻地把他引向所要到达的确切方向。 我逐渐认识到，这些中国人不是简单地以一种陈旧的方式塑造、引导本杰明的行为：他们是在恪守中国传统，把着手教，教得本杰明自己会愉快地要求再来一次。
可编辑 The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 3. (1) fond of (2) is …related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid …of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It ' HBD use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b ⑸ 2. (1) obtain communicate (5) relevant (8) enjoyable (9) means (12) characters (13) astonished (2) confident (4) advantage (6) helpful (10) process (14) apparently ⑶ (7) extreme (11) particularly
2. ⑴ highly/very (2) quite/very quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4. No Mistake especia l especially necessarily f necessary freque nt f freque ntly No Mistake easily f easy No Mistake in dividually f in dividual much f many high f highly appare ntly f appare nt remarkably f remarkable probable f probably No Mistake (III) Grammar Task 1: ⑴ would/should (2) should/would (3) might ⑷ would ⑸ must (6) can' (7) should would (8) must 可编辑
(1)这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl)，更不要说走了。(let alone) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk! (2)威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。(claim, in one’s opinion） Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3)一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。(to a certain extent, relate …to …, cope with） To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4)根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。(according to） According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. (5)有些人想当然地认为日语(Japanese)中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。(assume, equivalent) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6)我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。(relevant) We have passed all relevant information on to the police. (7)关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用，因为我是不会回答你的。(it’s no use) There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer. (8)事先没有仔细阅读合同(contract)就签了名是吉姆的错误。(on one’s part) It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9)他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。(provide …with) They refused to provide us with all the information we need. (10) 这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。(similar to) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11)这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。(base on) The film is based on a play by Shakespeare (12)如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好，那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。(have an advantage over) If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.
Unit 4 Text A New words and Expressions 1. respect: n.a particular point or detail Grace was a fine woman — perfect in almost every respect. Collocations: in this respect在这个方面in every respect 在各个方面 in some respects 在有些方面in any respect 在任何方面in no respect绝不 2. as regards:on the subject of; concerning Could you elaborate on your government policy as regards environmental protection? There are no special rules as regards what clothes you should wear. 至于应该穿什么衣服, 并没有硬性规定。 3. cut off: ①to cause sb. to die sooner than is normal 使夭折 Disease cut Smith off in the best part of his life ②to remove sth. (from sth. larger) by cutting切下He cut off a metre of cloth from the roll. ③to stop, interrupt or isolate中断Several villages have been cut off by the snow. ④to separate sth. by cutting it away from the main part 切断Don’t cut your fingers off! 4. inquire: v.to ask for information She inquired of me most politely whether I wished to continue Collocations inquire about查问；查明inquire after问候；问安 inquire for查询(货物)；求见inquire into查究；调查 CF: ask, demand, inquire & question这些动词均含有“问”，“询问”之意。 ask最为普通，可与demand, inquire和question换用，但ask用于口语中，指提出问题让人回答。例如： demand指根据自己的权利、职责或身份认为有必要弄清情况而正式发问，常隐含命令对方回答的意味。例如： inquire比较正式，指为得到真实情况而详细询问或调查了解。例如： question指因感到可疑或为了解情况，弄清究竟而发问，有时指一连串的发问。例如：5. part: v.to separate or divide If we must part, I hope we can be friends.如果我们必须分手，我希望我们分了手还是朋友。 6. exclaim: v.to cry out suddenly and loudly for pain, anger, surprise, etc. He could not help exclaiming at how much his son has grown. CF: cry, shout, exclaim & scream这些动词的均有“喊”，“叫”之意。 cry一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫。 shout指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、不满、发命令或唤起注意等。 exclaim多指因高兴、愤怒、痛苦、惊讶等突发感情而高声喊叫。 scream指因恐惧、快乐或痛苦而发出尖叫声 7. keen: adj. 1) sharp, active, sensitive Dogs have a keen sense of smell. 2) intense, strong, deep After retirement, he had a keen sense of loss. 退休后，他有一种强烈的失落感。 3) eager, enthusiastic She was not very keen on football. CF: sharp, acute & keen 这些形容词均有“锐利的”，“敏锐的”，“机敏的”之意。
Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates. 全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢？它们会得到加强还是削弱？作者对这些问题进行了探讨。 In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel 1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the ., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $ billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization." 寻找达沃斯人 彼得·甘贝尔 威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。” 2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a . citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says. 亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。 3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and
新世纪大学英语综合教程1教材答案 The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I)Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→especially necessarily →necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many
2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b
(5) b (6) d
2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake ea sily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many h igh → highly a pparently → apparent r emarkably → remarkable p robable → probably No Mistake (III)Grammar Task 1: (1)would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would