河北邯郸2014届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解与书面表达素能训练6
i.、阅读理解（本大题共4小题，共0分）
A
1. (2013·东北三省三校第二次联考，C)
UGG boots have been a winter-weather fashion for several years now, combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style. What many UGG-enthusias ts don't know is that their boots are a breeding ground for bacteria and cause foot problems.
Doctors believe the boots, which are particularly popular among young teenage girls, are leading to a rise in the number of people suffering pains in their feet and knees.
Dr. Ian Drysdale, head of the British College of Osteopathic Medicine, believes because the foot does not get the proper support on the inside, it will lead to more ankle, knee, hip and back problems. “These boots are not designed for outside wea r. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn't mean it's good or right，” he said. “The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported. It's a slipper. You wouldn't normally expect to be doing outdoor activities from something that's indoor. If you decide to wear your pajamas outside all the time, someone will come up and say it's not a good idea.” Dr. Drysdale explained that the feet issues become a particular problem among young teenage girls, whose bones are “plastic” and developing when they are growing. “If that structure is developing in an ina ppropriate way，” he said，“then the ultimate structure will be deformed.”
Mike O'Neill, a consultant surgeon, said，“As the foot slides around, you get wear and tear (磨损) on the joints on the inside of the foot. The ankle is in the wrong position, the thigh bone also changes position, and you get an abnormal
movement in the pelvis, which leads to back problems.”
UGG Australia, who makes the designer version of the boots, told The Daily Wirror that their boots are “comfort” rather than “performance” footwear a nd consumers should be aware of “knockoffs (仿制品)” which lack reinforced heels in their boots.
9．Teenage girls prefer to wear UGG boots because of the following EXCEPT ________.
A．design B．comfort
C．quality D．warmth
10．According to Dr. Ian Drysdale, ________.
A．there is a possibility that bacteria will multiply in UGG boots
B．wearing UGG boots will lead to more ankle and toe problems
C．it's not a good idea to wear boots like UGG outside all the time
D．teenage girls' bones are plastic enough to wear UGG boots
A．shaped B．strengthened
11．The underlined word “deformed” is closest in meaning to ________.
C．reformed D．damaged
12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Potential Harm of UGG Boots
B．The Popularity of UGG Boots
C．The Unique Design of UGG Boots
D．Benefits of UGG Boots
【答案解析】文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了雪地靴因它的时尚、舒适、保暖等特性而备受年轻女孩的青睐。但研究人员发现，在它时尚的外观背后，隐藏着一些不为人知的健康隐患。
9答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“... combining function, comfort, warmth and eve n some style.”可知，A、B、D三项都是年轻女孩喜欢雪地靴的原因。故C
项正确。
10答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“‘These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn't mean it's good or right，’ he said. ‘The particular problem with this type of f ootwear is that it is unsupported.’”可知，C项正确。
11答案：D 词义猜测题。由语境可知，年轻女孩子的骨头正在发育，具有一定的可
塑性。如果骨骼结构以一种不合适的方式发育的话，骨骼就会损伤，发生变形。shaped合适的，有计划的；strengthened使加强的；reformed革新的；damaged损伤的，毁坏的。此处与倒数第二段中“back problems”相照应。故D项正确。
12答案：A 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了雪地靴对年轻女孩生长发
育过程中所造成的潜在危害。故A项正确。
B
2. Alex London Research Laboratory (ALRL) is part of Alex Co. , Ltd. , a major Australian medicine-making company. Opened in 1992, ALRL specialises in the development of new medicines for the treatment of heart diseases．
A position is now open for a Research Operations Manager(ROM) to support our growing research team at the new laboratories in Hatfield，due to open in the autumn of 2010．
Reporting to the Director，you will help set up and run the technical and scientific support services of our new laboratories now under construction．You will be expected to provide expert knowledge about and be in charge of all areas of ALRL’S Health and Safety，and to communicate (沟通)with su pport employees at ALRL’S laboratories based at University College London．Working closely with scientists and other operations and technical employees，you will manage a small number of
research support employees providing services to help w ith the
research activities to be carried out at the new laboratories．
Candidates(申请人) will have experience of both management and research support ／technical services．Knowledge of research operations and excellent communication skills are necessary. Education to degree level is also desirable．
If you are interested in this position，please send your CV(简历)to Alex London Research
Laboratory，University College London，Hatfield，London，W1E 6B7 or by email to ALRL@alex. co. uk．
For more Information．please visit www. alex. co. uk．
49．What can be learnt about the new laboratories from the text?
A．They have not yet been set up．
B．They are in Hatfield，Australia．
C．They belong to University College London．
D．They are new workplaces for Australian researchers only．
50．What are the duties of a ROM，
according to the text?
A．a，b，c． B．a，b，d．
C．b，c，d． D．a，c，d．
51．What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The technical skills of a would—be ROM．
B．The practical experience of a would—be ROM．
C．The personal information of a would—be ROM．
D．The necessary req uirements for a would—be ROM．
52．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To describe the job of a ROM．
B．To provide information about ALRL．
C．To announce an open position at ALRL．
D．To make known the opening of the new laboratories．
【答案解析】【语篇解读】本篇文章为应用性文题。提供了Alex Co. , Ltd招聘一名ROM 的信息，并对要招聘的职位提出了具体的要求。
49．答案A
考点：：细节理解题。
解析：根据文章第二段可知新的实验室还未建立。
50．答案C
考点：：细节理解题。
解析：依据文章第三自然段，You will help set up and run the technical and scientific
support services ……;You will be expected to……be in charge of all areas of ALRL’s Health and Safety; ……you will manage a small number of research support employee s ……可得答案。
51．答案D
考点：：主旨大意题。
解析：依据第四段提供的信息，申请人要有管理和技术服务的经验、研究操作的知识及极好的交际技能等可知本段主要谈及对应聘职位者的具体能力要求。
52．答案C
考点：：写作目的题。
解析：本篇文章为广告招聘。目的自然是让大家了解ALRL公司有一公开招聘的职位。
C
3.[2012·浙江卷]
C
Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of vi olence”. Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?
First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult(侮辱). For example,
a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution(解决)：stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy(策略) for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.
Finally, students need to consider what they are bearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these：How did this start?What do I really want?What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.
There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according t o Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers
reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. Learn ing to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
50. This article is mai nly about ________.
A. the lives of school children
B. the cause of arguments in schools
C. how to analyze youth violence
D. how to deal with school conflicts
51. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that ________.
A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime
B. a small conflict can lead to violence
C. students tend to lose their temper easily
D. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight
52. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?
A. To find out who is to blame.
B. To get ready to try new things.
C. To make clear what the real issue is.
D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.
53. After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that ________.
A. there was a decrease in classroom violence
B. there was less student cooperation in the classroom
C. more teachers felt better about themselves in schools
D. the teacher-student relationship greatly improved
54. The writer's purpose for writing this article is to ________.
A. complain about problems in school education
B. teach students different strategies for school life
C. advocate teaching conflict management in schools
D. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence
【答案解析】【要点综述】作者在文章中主要探讨了如何让学生正确、冷静处理校园冲突，从而减少校园暴力以及介绍了学生学会解决冲突的益处，最后呼吁全国的各个学校教授学生解决冲突的技能。
50. D 主旨大意题。从文章第一段…is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence…，以及下文提到的First of all…；Once students…；After both sides have calmed down…；Finally, students…等知，该文主要介绍了如何帮助学生正确处理校园冲突的方法，所以选D项。
51. B 推理判断题。从第二段…begin with a relatively minor insult…推知，很多时候校园冲突的起因只是一件小事而已。下面作者所列举的例子也是来说明这一点的，故选B项。
52. C 推理判断题。从第五段It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish…知，学生自问问题的关键在于：让学生明白冲突真正的症结所在，而不是只关注对方的过错，由此推断C项是最佳答案。
53. A 细节理解题。从第六段…64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom…知，亚特兰大实施了校园冲突解决方案后，肢体上的暴力行为有了较大的减少，而合作上升了，学生们的自我归属感也增强了，所以选A项。
54. C 写作意图题。从文章中第一段…Given that this is the case…和最后一段In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life sk ill that should be taught…，并结合全文知，本文作者主要倡导在校园中教授解决冲突的办法，所以选C项。
D
4.Energy-saving Finns invented the first ice skate more than 5,000 years ago, as a practical method of transport to make getting across frozen lakes less of a struggle.
The earliest skates would have been blades made from bones and are one of the oldest means of transport ever discovered —they may even have been essential survival tools.
Researchers at Manchester Metropolitan University have calculated that ice skates would have saved energy by 10 percent, and suggest that they were deve loped for practical use and were not used for recreation, as they are today.
They think the most likely birthplace of skating is southern Finland, where there are many icy lakes.
The scientists have put their theory to the test and made replica（复制品） skates modeled after examples held at the British Museum and the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge.
Volunteers on ice rinks in the Alps had their heart rates, oxygen intake and skating speeds measured while they skated with the replica skates. From this experiment, re-searchers were able to calculate energy consumption and the efficiency of their skating. They discovered that skating over the land in ancient Fin-land would have saved 10 percent of people’s energy. The result is based on the fact that Finland has the highest concentration of lakes in the world. The ancient
Finnish people could benefit more than others from developing this tool for transport.
In a time and environment in which the balance between energy taken from food and energy required to live was crucial; the least cost of energy might have helped humans survive in extreme conditions.
45. The first ice skate invented by the Finns was used for _____.
A. recreation
B. transportation across lakes
C. saving energy
D. sport
46. The birthplace of skating might be so uthern Finland because _____.
A. there are many icy lakes there
B. people need more oxygen to breathe in there
C. people feel tired easily there
D. transportation there is more difficult
47. Scientists have experimented with replica skates and found that with those skates the ancient Finnish people would have _____.
A. crossed a lot of lakes
B. saved 10 percent of energy when crossing the lakes
C. climbed the Alps easily
D. otherwise wasted a lot of food and energy
48. It can be inferred from the story that _____.
A. the Finnish people were clever enough to invent the practical skates
B. there were a lot of lakes in ancient Finland
C. the living conditions were very hard for the ancient Finnish people
D. it was very cold in ancient times in Finland
【答案解析】CABC
ii.、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共0分）
5.假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华，你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛（speech contest）,希望附近某大学的外籍教师Smith 女士来做评委，请参照以下比赛通知给她写一份信，
注意：词数100左右。
**************************************************************************** Dear Ms .Smith,
With best wishes
Li Hua
【答案解析】内容要点：
1. 自我介绍
2. 邀请做评委
3. 演讲主题
4. 比赛时间
5. 参赛选手
6. 联系方式
高☆考♂资♀源€网
One Possible Version
Dear Ms. Smith,
I'm Li Hua, a chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is
close to your university. I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 pm in Room 501 and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”. We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
With best wishes,
Li Hua
6.假定你校将举行一个成人仪式，你将作为代表在仪式上发言。请你按以下内容要点准备一篇英文发言稿。
1.过去对成年的向往；
2.现在的感受和认识；
3.将来的目标及措施。
参考词汇：责任 responsibility
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3.发言稿的开头与结束语已为你写好（不计入总词数）
Good morning，everyone！
The topic of my speech today is “thoughts on becoming a grown-up”.
Thank you for listening.
【答案解析】【写作要点】本文要求写一篇成人仪式上的英语发言稿。开头结尾均已给出。对写作内容也有了明确的要求：①过去对成年的向往②现在对已成年的感受和认识③成年的我将来的目标及措施。注意：写作要点齐全，要包括规定的三方面内容；注意时态的变化。w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
Good morning, everyone !
The topic of my speech today is “Thoughts on becoming a grown-up.”
As a child, I always hoped that I could grow up as soon as possible so that I could have whatever I wanted and do whatever I liked. Now I’m a grown-up, but I find things do not go as I expected. Although I can enjoy more freedom, at the same time I realize that being a grown-up not only means this, but also more responsibilities. I hope to do more for my parents and society in the future to make my life more meaningful. To reach the goal, I must first try my best to pass the college entrance examination and enter a good university.(106words) Thank you for your listening.
内容要点
1.过去对成年的向往；
2.现在的感受；
3.现在的认识；
4.将来的目标；
5.要采取的措施。