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江苏省南京市08-09学年高一上学期期末调研试卷(历史)

江苏省南京市08-09学年高一上学期期末调研试卷(历史)
江苏省南京市08-09学年高一上学期期末调研试卷(历史)

南京市2008—2009学年度第一学期期末调研测试卷

高一历史

本试卷分第1卷(选择题、判断题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共1。O分。考试用时100分钟。

注意事项:

答题前考生务必将学校、姓名、班级、学号写在答卷纸的密封线内。每题答案写在答卷纸上对应题目的答案空格里,答案不写在试卷上。考试结束,将答卷纸交回。

第I卷(选择题共70分)

一、选择题:本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共计60分。在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

1.近期央视二套《咏乐汇》节目中,国际巨星成龙在回答一现场观众有关其子房祖名为何姓“房”却不随父姓这一问题时,解释说:这是由于近年才知道自己的父亲原来姓“房”,祖名成年后要求认祖归宗才改姓“房”。这一“改姓”现象可能源于古代中国的( B )A.分封制B.宗法制C.郡县制D.察举制

2.有人将下图所示秦朝中央和地方政治制度归结为:“法令出一”,“天下之事无小大皆决于上”。对此理解准确的是( A )

A.皇权至高无上B.丞相独揽大权C.秦律严苛细密D.郡县民官世袭3.有学者指出:“中国传统政治中,君权和相权的关系,是一部不断磨擦,不断调整的历史。”下列有关丞相制度的说法,错误的是( C )

A.汉武帝重用侍从秘书B.唐朝相权一分为三

C.宋代废除丞相制度D.元中书省长官行使相权

4.下图显示的是古代中国不同时期所实行的地方行政制度,其中按时间先后顺序排列正确的是(D )

A.⑧②①④B.②①⑧④C.①②③④D.⑧①②④5.南京的江南贡院始创于H68年,起初为县府学考试场所。1368年,

江南贡院见证了古代中国的科举制度,该制度产生于( A )

A.隋朝B.唐朝

C.宋朝D.明朝

6.古代雅典的最高司法和监察机关是( C )

A.公民大会B.五百人议事会 C.陪审法庭D.十将军委员会7.在古代希腊和罗马都能够真正享有政治权利的是A

A.公民B.妇女C.外邦人D.奴隶

8.清朝有这样一个机构,它机构简单,有官无吏,办公条件简陋,是辅助皇帝处理政务的最重要的中枢机构。这一机构是( D )

A.内阁B.议政王大臣会议

C.六部D.军机处

9.下图所示两部法律文献,其说法正确的是( B )

A.后者是前者的组成部分B.后者中的某些原则和规定源于前者

C.两者没有继承和发展关系D.前者是后者的组成部分

10.戈登·布朗于2007年6月27日接替前任首相布莱尔成为英国第52位酋相。布朗成为首相的条件包括( A )

①担任政党领袖②该党在议会中是第一大党⑧通过国王的任命

A.①②③B.①②C.②⑧D.①⑧

11.新华网华盛顿2008年u月4日电:美国各大电视网公布的初步统计结果显示,美国民主党总统候选人贝拉克·奥巴马在4日举行的总统选举中击败共和党对手约翰·麦凯恩,当选为第56届美国总统。下列表格反映了美国政治制度中的特点之一是(C )

A.联邦制B.制衡原则C.两党制D.分权原则12.下列法律条文出自(D)

A.英国《权利法案》B.美国1787年宪法

C.法兰西第三共和国宪法D.德意志帝国宪法

A.金田起义

B.天京内讧

C.定都天京

D.永安建制

14.中国近代史上被迫签订了若干不平等条约。下列各项中表明清政府已完

帝国主义统治中国人民的工具的内容是( D )

A.“中国海关收取英商进出口货物的关税,由双方商定”

B.“允许外国公使进驻北京”

C.“日本可以在通商口岸投资设厂”

D.“惩办义和团运动中参加反帝斗争的官员,永远禁止中国人成立或参加反帝性质的

组织。

15.鸦片战争以来,面对强敌入侵,中国人民不屈不挠、前仆后继,英勇反抗外来侵略。史料称,“他见日军口艘舰艇逼近北洋舰队旗舰,便指挥军舰冲锋向前掩护。弹药将尽时,下令开足马力猛冲敌舰,不幸被击沉。全体将士壮烈殉国。”“他”是指( C )

A.禁烟运动中的林则徐B.浴血守镇江的满族将领海龄

C.黄海大战中的邓世昌D,坚守宝山县城的营长姚子青

16.1912年成立的中华民国南京临时政府被称为亚洲第一个“美国式”的共和国,其政权的组织形式也被称为是美国的“仿制品”,究其主要原因是,这一政权( A )

A.实行总统制共和制B.在美国支持下建立

C.实行责任内阁制D.确立了君主立宪制

17.下列所示浮雕和图片反映的历史事件是( C )

A.武昌起义B.义和团运动C.五四运动D.秋收起义

18.中国共产党从国民革命失败的惨痛教训里,认识到掌搓军队的重要性,决定将当时共产党掌握的武装力量集中到敌人兵力比较薄弱的南昌附近发动起义。以下纪念这次起义的邮票

是( B )

19.毛泽东的“工农武装割据”思想内容,不包括( A )

A.统一战线B.武装斗争C.土地革命D.根据地建设

20.事实上确立了以毛泽东为核心的党中央的正确领导,成为中共历史上一个生死攸关的转折点的会议是(D )

A.中共“一大”B.中共“三大”C.八七会议D.遵义会议

21.下表所述历史事件的名称,应该是(B )

A.平型关大捷B.百团大战C.台儿庄战役D.武汉会战

22.“毛泽东先生勋鉴:倭寇投降,世界永久和平局面,可期实现,举凡国际国内各种重要问题,亟待解决,特请先生克日惠临陪都(重庆),共同商讨,事关国家大计,幸勿吝驾,临电不胜迫切悬盼之至。蒋中正。”下列有关上述电文的理解,错误的是(D )

A.当时抗日战争已经胜利B.蒋介石电邀毛泽东赴重庆谈判

C.和平民主成为民心所向D.蒋介石希望建立国共联合政府

23.下左图是第一本德文版《共产党宣言》,下右图是陈望道1920年翻译的中国国内的第一本共产党宣言》,两个版本之间相隔( A )

A.70多年B.100多年C.160多年D.60多年

24.标志着社会主义由理论变为现实,开创了国际社会主义运动新局面的是( C )

A.欧洲工人运动兴起B.巴黎公社

C.十月革命D.新中国的诞生

25.2008年宁夏回族自治区和广西壮族自治区成立50周年。50年来,宁夏和广西沐浴着党的民族政策的灿烂阳光,实现了经济、政治、文化和社会主义事业的全面发展进步。“党的民族政策”是指( B )

A.人民代表大会制度B.民族区域自治制度

C.中共领导的多党合作和政治协商制度 D.村民选举制度

26.“文化大革命”期间,大批党和政府的各级领导人、各界知名人士和学者,惨遭批斗、抄家和残酷的人身迫害。国家主席刘少奇被迫害致死,成为新中国历史上最大的冤案。……十一届三中全会以后,中央开始在全国范围内平反各种冤假错案,刘少奇的冤案也得到平反。由此得出的结论,应是(B )

①“文革”期间民主法制遭到肆意践踏②新时期民主和法制走向健全

A.①正确,②错误B.①②均正确c.①错误,②正确D.①②均错误

27.2008年11月4日,大陆海协会会长陈云林与台湾海基会董事长江丙坤在台北签署四项协议,两岸渴望30年的“大三通”终于可望实现。“大三通”不包括( D )

A .通邮

B .通航

C .通商

D .通车 28.下列有关中美关系的说法,错误的是(A )

A .美国支持中国恢复在联合国的合法权利

B .尼克松访华标志中美关系开始走向正常化

C .1979年中美正式建立外交关系

D .中美关系的改善直接促进了中日建交 29.二战后,美苏两极格局形成的标志是( B )

A .雅尔塔体系的确立

B .“华约”的建立

C .“北约”的建立

D .苏联解体

30.从“欧共体大事年表”中,可以看出西欧国家(A )

①不断加强经济合作 ②进一步加强政治上联合 ③走联合自强的道路 A .①②③ B .②③ C .①⑧ D .①② 二、判断题:本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共计10分。正确与错误分别用“A ”和“B ”表示。

31.圆明园曾是举世闻名的皇家园林。它把祖国

锦绣河山的众多景观和西洋建筑艺术集于一 身,是园林建筑史上的伟大创举。如今,我们 见到下图所示残迹,仍默默控诉着英法联军 的罪行。( A )

32.1875年国民议会通过了法兰西第三共和国宪法,

从法律上正式确立了共和政体。( A )

33.1924年,中国国民党第一次全国代表大会在广州召开,标志着北伐战争的开始。( B )

34.2009年是澳门回归祖国10周年。下列两幅图片可以作为介绍澳门历史与今天的资料。

(B )

35.20世纪80年代,日本成为世界经济大国,并开始谋求政治大国的地位。(A)

第Ⅱ卷(共30分)

三、非选择题:本大题共3小题,每题10分,共30分。

36.阅读下列材料:

材料一希腊全境满是千形万态的海湾。这地方普遍的特质便是划分为许多小的区域,时各区域问的关系和联系又靠大海来沟通。我们在这个地方碰见的是山岭、狭窄的平原、小小的山谷和河流;这里并没有大江巨川,没有开阔的“平原流域”;这里山岭纵横.河流交错,几乎没有一个大面积的整块。这种自然环境导致多种经济彤态并存,航海交通和商业贸易发展。……在某种程度上有利于民主制度的发展。

——摘编自岳麓版《历史I》

材料二直接民主制度唯有在领土狭小的城市国家(城邦)中才有可能。在这些国家中,

乡居的公民进城参加公民大会可以朝出暮归,人们相互间比较熟悉,一国政务比较简单,易

于在公民大会中讨论和表决。在领土广闰的国家,这些条件是全不具备的。所以,城邦制度和直接民主两者是互相依赖,互为条件的。

—一《顾准文集》

材料三韩非总结战国诸子的学说,创造j一套完整的中央集权的政治理论。秦始皇根据韩非的政治理论,建立起一套完整的专制主义的中央集权制度。……中央集权制的职能,

主要是统治百姓,此外还有抵御外部的侵扰和调整统治阶级内部的利害冲突。……秦建立的

中央集权制度,经过历代封建王朝的调整与补充,成为中国封建王朝的主要政治制度。

——人教版《历史I教师教学用书》

材料四中华文化主要发祥于中原地区,属于辽阔领域精耕细作的农耕经济……生产力的发展并没有使血缘纽带遭受侵蚀,贵族曹领的权力、地位不断加强,直接转化为统治阶级新贵族,形成君主集权。

——摘编自岳麓版《历史I》

请回答:

(1)材料一和材料二认为对雅典民主制度产生影响的因素分别是什么? (2分)

(2)结合所学知识,指出为雅典民主政治发展怍出贡献的三位著名凡物。(2分)

(3)材料三中提到的古代中国的政治制度是什么?(2分)结仑所学知识。分别指出该制度与

雅典民主制度对各自国家产生的积极影响。(2分)

(4)分析材料一和材料四,可以得出什么结论?(2分)

37.南京,是中国著名的历史文化名城,也是充满时代精神的活力之城。以下旅游景点既展现了南京城的锦绣风光,又是风云变幻的近代中国历史的见证。阅读下列材料,结合所学知识,回答问题:

景点一在静海寺《南京条约》史料陈列馆通向出口的小院中,高悬着一口钟体高1.842米的仿吉青铜大钟。

景点二太平天国时期,瞻园路128号号

曾先后作为东王杨秀清的住处、幼西王萧有和的

王府、夏官副丞相赣汉英的衙署。现为太平天国

历史博物馆。

景点三南京中山陵是伟大的革命先驱者

孙中山先生的陵墓。建筑群形似自由钟,体现孙

中山先生致力于唤醒民众,反抗压迫,为挽救国

家民族而奋斗不息的精神。

景点四 黄埔路南京军区大院内有

座原国民党陆军军官学校的大礼堂。1945 年9月9日上午9时,中国陆军总司令何 应钦,代表中国战区最高统帅在此主持受 降典礼,冈村宁次在日本投降书上签字。 景点五 座落在挹江门外的渡江胜

利纪念碑是一艘乘风破浪的帆船形状,象 征着百万雄师横渡长江天堑的壮观场面。 请回答:

(1)景点一所述历史事件对中国社会性质产生了什么影响?(2分)

(2)走进太平天国历史博物馆回顾太平天国运动的历程。你认为时代赋予它什么新内容?(1分) (3)拜谒中山陵,缅怀孙中山的丰功伟绩。他领导的辛亥革命有何历史意义?(3分) (4)景点四记载的历史瞬间标志着什么?(1分) (5)景点五所述事件的结果是什么?(2分) (6)请你为上述旅游线路设计一句广告词。(1分)

38.1953年12月,在接见印度代表团时,周恩来第一次提出了和平共处五项原则。2005年9月,在联合国成立60周年首脑会议上,胡锦涛发表重要讲话,倡导建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。从“和平共处”到“和谐世界”,中国的对外政策和理念一直强调一个“和”字,并始终以实际行动履行着“和平”的信念。阅读材料,结合所学知识,回答问题:

材料一 “冷战”开始后,美国对社 会主义国家进行军事包围,在具有战略意 义的地区不惜以武力相威胁。l 953年朝鲜 战争停战以后,美国舰队继续盘踞台湾海 峡,干涉中国内政,并企图从印度支那地 区对中国进行军事威胁。

材料二“冷战”结束后,国际关系中出现了一系列新矛盾和新冲突。国际恐怖主义也呈现泛滥趋势。

(1)周边地区一直是中国外交战略中 的重要组成部分,也是我们“有所 作为”的重点区域。据材料、二, 分别指出中国为实现地区和平与安宁所作出的主要贡献。(4分)

(2)作为发展中国家的一员,中国也始终重视建立、加强和巩固同亚非等广大发展中国家之

间的关系。结合所学知识,任举一例佐证这一结论。(2分) 材料三 在世界多极化和经济全球化深入 发展的今天,坚持走和平发展道路,就要坚决反 对单边主义,提倡和推进以联合国为代表的多 边主义,发挥国际组织在国际事务中的积极作 用。

(3)据材料三,概括指出新时期中国外交的主要表现。(2分)

(4)从“和平共处”到“和谐世界”,在为世界

的和平与发展作出巨大贡献的同时,中国的世界影响力也在不断增强。这一现象反映了当今世界何种政治格局?(2分)

本资料来自于资源最齐全的21世纪教育网https://www.doczj.com/doc/2214649155.html,

南京市2008—2009学年度第一学期期末调研测试卷

高一历史参考答案及评分标准

一、选择题:本大题共30小题.每小题2分,共计60分。

题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

答案 B A C D A C A D B A C D B D C

题号16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

答案 A C B A D B D A C B B D A B A

二、判断题:本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共计10分。正确与错误分别用“A”和“B”表示。31.(A) 32.(A) 33.(B) 34.(B) 35.(A)

三、非选择题:本大题共3小题,每题10分,共30分。

36.(1)希腊的自然地理环境;多种经济形态并存;希腊的城邦制度(小国寡民)。(任答两点给2分)

(2)梭伦;克利斯提尼;伯利克里。(任答两人给2分)

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