同位语从句
【教学内容】同位语从句
【教学目标】熟练掌握同位语从句
【教学重难点】引导词的使用、同位语从句与定语从句的区别
【教学过程】
* 什么是同位语从句：同位语从句是名词性从句中的一种，是用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句，它所修饰的词称为先行词。同位语从句在主句中的作用等同于先行词的作用。
Eg:The news that we’ll go on a picnic this Sunday isn’t true.
这个星期天我们要去野餐的消息不是真的。
析：The fact就等于we’ll go on a picnic,是对the fact 的解释说明。
▼同位语从句常修饰的名词
不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，可以被同位语从句修饰的多是含有抽象意义的名词。常用的有：
●advice 建议●belief 信念、相信●doubt 怀疑
●explanation 解释●fear 害怕●fact事实
●hope 希望● idea 想法、主意●news 消息
●order 命令●opinion 观点●possibility 可能性
●promise 答应、诺言●problem 问题●question问题
●report 报道●reply答复●statement论断
●suggestion建议●thought想法●truth事实
●wish 愿望●warning 警告●word 消息
* 同位语从句的连接词的使用
?由that引导
Eg:①We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到我们队赢了。
②They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。
③The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.明天放假的消息不实。
?在某些名词，例如suggestion,advice,request,order,demand,requirement等意为“建议，命令，要求”的名词后，同位语从句的谓语动词通常用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中should可以省略。
Eg:①The suggestion that the new rule (should) be adopted came from the Chairman.
采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。
②They expressed the wish that she (should) accept the award.
他们表示希望她接受这笔奖金。
?由whether引导的同位语从句
Eg:①Answer my question whether he will come.你回答我的问题：你来不来。
②The question whether it is right or wrong depend on the result.这个是对还是错要看结果。
【注意】* whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。
* 名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；no doubt“不怀疑”后的同位语从句用that 连接。如：
●We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务。
●There is no doubt that Li Wei will keep his promise.毫无疑问，李伟会信守承诺的。
?由连接代词what,which,who,whom引导的同位语从句
Eg:①Have you any idea what time it starts?你知道什么时候开始吗？
②The question who should the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。
③I have no idea whom they are talking about.我不知道他们在谈论谁。
④I don’t know the question which pen is mine.我不知道哪支笔是我的。
?由连接副词when,where,why,how引导的同位语从句
Eg:①I have no idea when he will come.我不知道他什么时候回来。
②It is a question how he did it.问题是他怎么去做。
③He had no idea why she left.他不知道她为什么离开。
④I don’t know the question where the concert will be held.我不知道音乐会在哪里举行。
【随即随练】
一、用适当的连接词填空
1.But they forget the fact thatthey were not experienced.
2.I have no idea what is going on the day after tomorrow.
3.The question when/why/how/whether they will come back is very important.
4.The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is a trend.
5.She asked me a question whether we will go swimming or not.
6.I do hope you can keep your promise that you will never be late again.
7.She asked me a questionwhere the meeting will be held.
8.I don’t know the reason whyhe was late for school.
9.The fact that the transport of the goods costs too much was not discussed.
10.He put forward the questionwhenthey will be back.
11.I don’t know the questionwhichbag is yours.
12.I have no ideawhocan finish the work.
13.The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
?同位语从句与定语从句的区别
*定语从句和同位语从句都是用来修饰名词的，因此也很容易混淆，以下从几个方面进行分析其区别：
◆从意义上来看：同位语从句相当于名词，对先行词的内容进行解释、补充说明；而定语从句相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用。
Eg:→①I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother.我不愿相信他对他母亲撒谎的事实。（that引导的同位语从句，从句对fact的内容进行说明）
→②I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me.我不愿相信他告诉我的事实。（that引导定语从句，并在从句中作谓语动词的宾语，从句对fact进行限定）
◆从引导词来看：引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that 在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分---主语或宾语，有具体词义，作宾语时还可以省略。Eg:→①The factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one.昨天我们参观的是一家化工厂。
（that引导的定语从句，并在从句中作宾语）
→②The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true.他将要去上海的消息是真的。（that引导的同位语从句，that只起连接从句的作用）
◆同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息的词，如
message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,question,order等，而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。
◆when,where,why引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别
When,where,why引导定语从句时，分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因，在从句中作状语，而同位语从句中when,where,why等在从句中有疑问意义而且前面的名词不是表示时间、地点、原因的。
Eg:→①I will remember the time when I won the prize in the National Maths Competition forever.
我将永远记着我在全国数学竞赛中获奖的那一刻。（定语从句）
I have no idea when he won the prize in the National Maths Competition.
我不知道他是什么时候在全国数学竞赛中获奖的。（同位语从句）
→②The question where we should go has not been discussed.
我们应当去哪里的问题还没有讨论。（同位语从句）
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这是两年前我们住的那个房子。（定语从句）
→③Do you know the reason why he was late?你知道他为什么迟到了吗？（定语从句）
I have no idea why it happened.我不知道它为什么会发生。（同位语从句)
→④You have no idea how worried I was.你不知道我是多么的担心。（同位语从句）
* 关系词what,how,whether只能引导同位语从句，而不能引导定语从句。
判断定语从句和同位语从句的方法
凡是同位语从句，改为The fact/news/idea/order/truth/thought is /was……结构时，从语法及语意上都讲的通，而定语从句则不可。
Eg:①The news that our team won the game excited us all.(that引导的同位语从句）
→The news was that our team won the game excited us all..
②The news that the radio broadcast this morning is not true at all..(that引导的定语从句）
→The news was that the radio broadcast this morning is not true at all.(误）
【牛刀小试】
判断并分析下列句子是同位语从句还是定语从句
1.The news that he told me was that Chinese Men’ s Football Team had lost again. (定语从句）
2.The news that Chinese Men’ s Football Team had lost again was not surprising. (同位语从句）
3.I heard the news that the German flight crashed. (同位语从句）
4.This is the factory where I lived two years ago. (定语从句）
5.She put forward a question why he was late. (同位语从句）
6.The question who should do the work requires consideration. (同位语从句）
【随堂检测】
一、填入适当的连接词
1.Give me your promisethat you will come to our party this evening.
2.Wheredid you get the idea that I could not come?
3.The news that/which he told me yesterday is true.
4.She raised the question where/when/whether we could get the fund.
5.I have no ideawhy/whenshe quitted her present job.
6.The news that/which I got from you is true.
7.Do you have any idea what is actually going on in the classroom?
8.This is the girl whom/who/that I met in the street..
9.The question came up at the meetingwhether we had enough money for our research.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2013740767.html,st Sunday they reached Nanjing where a conference to be held.
11..I have no idea who will be in charge of the company when the manager is away.
12..It is still unknown which team will win the match.
13..I’m not sure why she refused their invitation.
14..I haven’t answered the question how I will deal with it.
15.The decision when we should get started hasn’t been made.
16.We’ll graduate in July when we will be free.
二、完成句子。
1.The fact that he won the game (他赢得比赛）is amazing.
2.The rumor that there will be an earthquake (将要发生地震）soon spread all over the area.
3.She asked me a questionwho will be our new English teacher (谁将是我们的新英语老师）i
4.You have no idea how worried I was then (我当时有多急）.
5.The question whether the six American teachers will go tomorrow (六位美国老师明天是否要走）hasn’t been settled.
6.She put forward the question where the party will be held .(聚会将在哪里举行）.
【易混淆单词】
一、People say it is Canada’ s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.
人们说它（温哥华）是加拿大最美丽的城市，被群山和太平洋环抱。
* surrounded vt. 包围；围绕
surround ....with....用……包围……
?搭配
be surrounded by/with 被……包围
Eg:The police surrounded the house.=The house was surrounded by the police.
警察包围了这座房子。
She has always been surrounded with fashionable friends.
她周围总有喜欢赶时髦的朋友。
【活学活用】
在横线处填入适当的词
1.What impressed me in the Greece was that the oceanssurroundingthe island were deep blue.
2.As they had been surrounded by our army for a week, the army had no choice but to surrender(投降).
二、That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.
那天下午，表姐妹俩才登上火车落了座。
* aboard (1)prep. 上船（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
Eg:①go aboard a ship (plane, train,bus,etc.)上船（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
②They finally went aboard the plane.他们终于登上了飞机。
go aboard=go on board 上船（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
?搭配All aboard! 请大家上船（飞机、火车、公共汽车等）
Welcome aboard. 欢迎搭乘。
Eg:①Everybody aboard was worried.飞机上的人都很着急。
②“Welcome aboard,”said the flight attendant.乘务员说：“欢迎乘坐。”
* 辨析aboard,abroad,broad与board
【随即随练】
在横线处填入适当的词
1.The ship set sail after all the crew came onboard.
2.The hijacked airplane crashed into the tower,killing all the passengers and crew membersaboard.
三、Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains,they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.
那天早些时候，当她们穿过落基山脉时，她们设法看到了一些野山羊，甚至还看到了一只灰熊和一只鹰。* Manger v.(1)设法做成；成功应付
manage to do 设法做成某事
?搭配
manage it 设法做到
Eg:①I don’t think I can manage a long walk today.我想我今天走不远。
②Did you manage to get any sleep on the plane?你在飞机上睡点觉了吗？
（2）能解决（问题）；应付（困难的局面等）
manage with
?搭配
manage without
Eg: ①How on earth did you manage without a phone?没有电话你究竟是怎么解决的？
②Can you manage with all those bags?你拿得动所有那些包吗？
（3）管理；经营；负责
Eg: ①He manages the family business.他管理着那个家族企业。
②John manages a staff of six employee.约翰管理着六名雇员。
（4）凑合着活下去；支撑
?搭配manage on sth.
Eg:I don’t know how he manage on what he earns.我不知道他是怎么样仅靠他挣得的那点儿钱生活的。
辨析manage to do sth.,try to do sth.,与try doing sth.
【牛刀小试】
在下列横线处填入适当的词
1.Despite all the troubles, she managed to get the chicken into the stove.
2.Though we left home very late,wemanaged to catch the last train.
3.He tried to finish the work ahead of time.
4.Why not try going by boat for a change?
【课后练习】
一、单项选择
1.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities; this is the information B has been put forward.
A.what
B.that
C.when
D.as
2.Lily has some idea A she ‘s going to be when she grows up.
A.what
B.that
C.as
D.which
3.The news A I got from you is not true, but the newshe has been promoted is true.
A./;that
B.that;/
C.that;which
D.that;who
4.Sam kept his promise B he would do anything he could for Lucy to make a sure of her happiness.
A.why
B.that
C.what
D.whether
5.There is much chance A Bill will never recover from his injury for the race.
A.that
B.which
C.until
D.if
6.We’ll reach the sales targets in a month A we set at the beginning of the year.
A.which
B.where
C.when
D.what
7. C he told us is the newsChina has got 32 gold medals in the Athens Olympic Games, ,of course, made us feel very excited.
A.What;which;which
B.That;that;which
C.What;that;which
D.That;that;what
8.There is little doubt D our team will beat yours.
A.which
B.whether
C.if
D.that
9.Do you have any idea C his cousin will go abroad for further study or not?
A.that
B.if
C.whether
D.why
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2013740767.html,rmation has been put forward B more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A.while
B.that
C.when
D.as
11.Is this the reason A he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A.that
B.what
C.how
D.why
12.Galileo collected the facts D proved the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A.that
B.which
C./
D.A and B
13.Galileo discovered the fact A the earth and all the other planets move around the sun.
A.that
B.which
C./
D.A and B
14.We should consider the students’ request A the school library more books on popular science.
A.that
B.when
C.which
D.where
15.Is there any possibility B you could pick me up at the airport?
A.when
B.that
C.whether
D.what
二、完成句子
1. I made a suggestionthat the meeting (should) be put off.(推迟会议）
2. Our teacher gave us some advicehow we (should) use the computer.（如何使用电脑）
3. We have no idea at allwhere he has gone.（他去哪儿了）
4. We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.（他们是否能准时完成任务）
5. Give me your promise that you will come to our party tomorrow.（明天来参加我们的聚会）
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习 同位语从句讲义及练习 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上 为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whe】ther 引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back.
同位语从句讲解与练习 1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否” E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。 E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有： belief doubt explanation hope idea news opinion possibility statement thought wish truth fact question promise problem reply report suggestion advice fear warning understanding feeling rumor certainty probability on condition on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects. 4同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 句法功能上 that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。 that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别 who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。
教案7.21 定语从句详细讲解 一、定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.
同位语从句 一定义及分类 一．连接词分类及用法
四．虚拟语气 【习题精炼】 1．The headmaster made a suggestion that the sports meet until next Sunday．A．Will be put off B．will put off C．put off D．be put off 2．is a fact that English people and American people share a lot of customs．A．There B．This C．That D．that 3．It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey． A．while B．that C．if D．for 4．leaves the room last ought to turn off the 1ights． A．Anyone B．The person C．Whoever D．Who 5．they are most interested in is they can produce more and better cars．A．That；how B．What；how C．What；that D．That；that 6．I have will be yours sooner or later． A．No matter what B．No matter how C．Whatever D．However 7．Word came I was wanted at the office． A．which B．why C．that D．whether 8．we can’t get seems better th an we have． A．What；what B．What：that C．That；that D．That：what 9．—has made our city Dalian she is today? —It is the Party’s policy that has made it take on a new look． A．What；that B．That；what C．there；so D．That；that 10．It was at the very beginning Mr White made the decision we should send more firefighters there． A．that：that B．when；which C．there；what D．where；what 11. The fact ________ he didn’t see Lao Li yesterday is true. A．which B．that C．when D．what 12. I have no idea ________ he will come back. A．where B．when C．what D．That 13. The dictionary is to a student________ the tool is to a worker. A．which B．that C．what D．whatever Keys：1-5DDBCD 6-10 CCACA 11-13 BBC
同位语从句 一．同位语 同位语：跟在名词或代词后，与之表达同一内容；通常由名词、名词性短语等担任。 （A=B：两项所指相同） e.g 我知道奥巴马，美国的总统。 I know Obama, the president of United States. （Obama与the president of US同一个人）我们应该从过去当中学习，它是现在的一面镜子和将来的希望。 We should learn from the past, the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. The future belongs to you, young people. 未来是属于你们年轻人的。(you=young people) (实质是句中两个成分相等) 二．同位语从句 1.（1）概念：由一个句子来充当同位语。 e.g 我知道这个事实，奥巴马是美国的总统。 I know the fact that Obama is the president of United States. (the fact就是指的是奥巴马是美国总统) We should learn from the truth that the past is the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. （2）与从句同位的名词通常为抽象名词： fact, truth, Idea, thought, belief, hope, doubt, rumour, question, answer, reply, news, , order (有些抽象名词本身带有“疑问”的含义，如question, doubt) 2. 构成： （------先造3个简单的句子，He is a student.(陈述句) Is he a student?（一般疑问句）Who is a student?(特殊疑问句) 同位语从句(连词)不是与前面的抽象名词有关，连词取决于后面从句是什么样的形式； （I know the fact he is a student. ） （1）如果从句是陈述句，连词用that e.g I know the fact that he is a student. 我听到了这个消息，他离开了我们。 I heard the news that he left us. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 将军下达了命令战士们应该立即过河。 We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hawaii. 我们非常高兴听到这个消息，我们将在夏威夷度过我们的暑假。 The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody． 他什么都没说，这个事实让大家很吃惊。 结论：that在从句中不做成分，并且没有含义 （2）如果从句是一般疑问句，连词用whether, 再把一般疑问句变陈述句语序
同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
同位语从句用法小结 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、常见带有同位语从句的抽象名词 advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim（声明、主张），conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement（声明、陈述），suggestion，thought，warning，wish，word 二、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，whether），连接代词(what ,who等)连接副词（how，when，where）。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. I have no idea what he is doing now.。 There was little hope that he would survive. 他幸存的希望很小。 He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there. It's a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题 注：在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如： There is no doubt that Tom will keep his promise. 三、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.
英语同位语从句用法详解 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）中的主要从句之一，也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message 等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。 I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。 The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了。 二、同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词（word除外）加以修饰。例如： Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. 答应我，你今天晚上要来参加我们的晚会。 Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003. 消息传来，中国于2003年10月15日首次成功发射了载人飞船。 三、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，who，whether），连接副词（how，when，where）等。例如：
同位语从句与定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句与定语从句很相似,但还就是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1、从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能就是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以就是名词、代词、主句的一部分或就是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed、人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting、我们正在调查的问题不就是她就是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad、据说她已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy、我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room、您找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study、她妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助她的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2、从性质上区别 定语从句就是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句就是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明与解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如:
高考英语最可能考的同位语从句 英语中有两类从句所修饰的名词可以叫“先行词”，一类是定语从句，一类是同位语从句。同学们知道，定语从句所修饰的先行词数量很多，单是指人和指物的名词就有千千万万个，但英语中的同位语从句则不同，它所修饰的先行词非常有限，中学英语中最常用的可能只有几十个，并且高考可能重点的考查只有十几个： 1. chance 可能性 chance后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某事发生的可能性。如： I think that there is every chance that you will succeed. Do you think there’s any chance that you could get a job in Paris 2. doubt 怀疑 doubt后接that引导的同位语从句，表示对某事的怀疑。如： There is no doubt that the world is getting warmer. There’s no doubt that one day a cure will be found. 3. fact 事实 fact后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个事实的具体内容。如： The fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists is as great as ever. 4. evidence证据 evidence后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个证据的具体内容。如： Do you have evidence that this treatment works Is there any scientific evidence that a person's character is reflected in their handwriting 5. hope希望 hope后接that引导的同位语从句，表示希望的具体内容。如： Is there any hope that they will be home in time The President has expressed the hope that relations will improve. 6. idea 想法 idea后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。如： It’s based on the idea that all people are created equal. Where did you get the idea that she doesn’t like you
同位语从句讲解与练习． 同位语从句讲解与练习 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,
news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that
Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether 引导。如：I have no idea whether he'll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语 从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。． We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个 问题我们还没有决定。
定语从句与同位语从句的区分 一、定语从句相当于一个形容词, 它对先行词起修饰、描述和限制的作用。同位语从句相当于名词，属于名词性从句，它是对前面名词内容的具体表述，它们之间的关系是同位关系。试比较： The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的那个消息不是真的。（定语从句） The news that he has died is true. 他已经去世的消息是真的。（同位语从句，说明了news 的具体内容，即he has died） 二、同位语从句常跟在news, fact, promise, idea, word, message, hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order, information 等少数名词之后，而一般名词之后都可跟定语从句。如： The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 He didn\\'t give the answer why he was late. 他没回答他为什么迟到这个问题。（同位语从句） Then rose a question where we should go. 于是产生了一个问题：我们该到哪里去？（同位语从句） 三、that 在定语从句中充当某一成分, 是关系代词; that 在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅把主句与从句连接在一起，是从属连词。如： The fact that just now you talked about interests me. 你们刚才谈论的事情使我感兴趣。（定语从句） The fact that he failed in the exam made his parents very angry. 他考试没及格这个事实使他的父母很生气。（同位语从句） 四、when, where, why, how, who, whom, which 如果引导定语从句, 它们分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因、方式、人和物，否则引导的就是同位语从句。试比较：
同位语从句讲义 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。 注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 W e haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别? that引导的同位语从句 that引导的定语从句 句法功能上 that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。 在从句中不充当句子成分。 不可省。 that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用， 还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作 动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容。 从句起限定作用，是定语 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。 同位语从句 是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。 详细信息一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2.短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 同位语从句用法同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定" 一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。 I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
同位语从句练习题 1.The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all. A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability. A.that B.what C.which D .why 3.The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what B.that C.why D .when 4.His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.
A.which B.that C./ D.it 5.I have no idea ____ he will start. A.when B.that C.what D./ 6.I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. A.when B.which C.what D.that
8.The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease. A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. A.whether B.where C.that D.when 名词性从句 一、语法知识 （一）, 主语从句 1, 由what等代词引导的从句,表示”所…的(东西)”,实际上等于一个现行 词加上一个定语从句.也可以由-ever等代词引导. What they are talking about is nothing valuable. What I really want is to have a good rest.
Grammar—appositive clauses＆predicative clauses 名词性从句之同位语＆表语从句 同位语从句： I.明确概念与特征： 1. 同位语从句常放在名词之后，用来补充说明名词的具体内容。常用来接同位语从句的名词有news, idea, promise, question, doubt, wonder, fact, hope, wish, suggestion, advice, possibility, message, word, belief, information等。常用来引导同位语从句的连词有that, what, who, whether以及连接副词where, when, why, how 等。如： The news that their children couldn’t come back on time worried all the parents. I had no idea when the storm would end. 2. 不过有时候为了保持句子结构平衡，同位语从句也不一定直接放在名词后，而会出现隔离情况。如： Word came that the sports meet had been put off. Suddenly a good idea occurred to me that I could buy my teacher a gift. 3. 同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词加以修饰。如：Where did you get the idea that I could not come? Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. Exciting word came that I passed the exam. II. 正确选用引导词 一般来说根据句意来确定相应的引导词，并且从句要用陈述句的语序。 1.that引导同位语从句时在句中不作任何成分，但不可省略； The idea that we play football after class is great. 2.在表示是否的意思时连词只能用whether而不能用if； The question whether you can go to an ideal university depends on your effort. 3.从句若缺少主语,宾语或定语用连接代词（what, who, whom, whose, which），若缺少状语用连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。 I have no idea which mobile phone is the best—it’s a matter of personal taste. At last I made a decision that I would never come back again. The question what we should do with this situation is under discussion. All of us had no idea why he refused our help. The question why he didn’t attend the meeting puzzled us. We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 4.在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如： There is no doubt that we will win the final match. I have a doubt whether he will finish the job on time. III. 注意从句中的时态 一般来说同位语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致。但在表示请求、命令、建议等意思的名词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词应用(should) do，(如demand, wish, suggestion, advice，order等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如 I have no idea when he will be back. I accepted my father’s advice that I (should) apologize to my friend.