2017年秋季课程外研版初二英语
第15讲：语法回顾—形容词和副词(120分钟)一、课程介绍
知识点
1. 形容词副词比较级最高级的构成：
2. 归纳总结形容词副词原级、比较级、最高级的基本用法
教学重点
1. 掌握比较级的变化特点
2. 掌握比较级最高级的常见考题类型
教学难点
1.学生能够掌握特殊比较级的变化方法
2. 熟记比较级和最高级的标志和考题特点
二、要点回顾
Ⅰ.知识回顾
1. ______ the seeds and they will grow.
A. Water
B. To water
C. Watering
D. Watered
2. The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but ______ work for young people.
A. provide
B. to provide
C. providing
D. provided
3. He arrived at the office early, ______ a good example to the others.
A. set
B. to set
C. to be set
D. having set
4. Please make my excuse at tomorrow’s meeting —I’ve got too much work ______.
A. to do to come
B. doing coming
C. to do coming
D. to do coming
5. We looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _____
A. to find
B. to have found
C. to be found
D. being found
【答案】
ABBAC
三、知识精要
语法知识列表
1、形容词副词比较级最高级的构成：
小试牛刀：写出下列词的比较级与最高级
fast - -
short - -
big - -
thin - -
funny - -
heavy - -
beautiful- -
expensive - -
good - -
many - -
far - -
bad - -
little - -
far - -
2、归纳总结形容词副词原级、比较级、最高级的基本用法
1. This jacket is as _____ as that one.
A. beautiful
B. more beautiful
C. the most beautiful
D. beautifuler
2 . Tom is quite _____ that we all like him.
A. the funniest
B. funnier
C. funny
D. more funny
四、要点讲练
【要点1】
1. （一）形容词和副词的用法：
形容词的用法：
形容词是指用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。一般放在它所修饰的名词前作定语，也可独立作表语或宾语补足语等。
i. 作定语：
This is an interesting story. Kitty is a clever cat.
ii. 作表语：
Yao Ming is very tall. Our classroom is big and bright.
iii. 作宾语补足语：
Don't make your hands dirty. We're trying to make our school beautiful.
注意：
a. 有些形容词只能作表语。如：alone, afraid, asleep等。
如：That old man feels alone because his children are out. I'm afraid he can't come.
b. 形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时，要放在这些词后面。
如：There is something wrong with my DVD machine. It's nothing serious.
c. 某些形容词可以和定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物，其作用相当于一个名词。
如：the young(年轻人)，the poor(穷人), the rich(富人)
d. 如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，其前后排列顺序一般如下：
限定词(a/the, this/some/her……)+数量词(先序数词后基数词)+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+材料+名词。
如：a big old German computer
2．副词的用法：
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频度等，在句中主要用作状语。
i. 副词修饰动词，告诉我们动作是怎样进行的，什么时候进行或者在什么地方发生的，一般位于动词之后。
如：They went to the park early yesterday. We must study hard.
ii. 副词修饰形容词或副词，则告诉我们这些形容词或副词的程度如何，一般位于这些词前。如：Michael Jordan jumps very high.Dai Yuqiang sings quite well.
注意：
a．副词表示频度修饰动词时，位于连系动词和助动词之后，行为动词之前。
如：Mr. Wang usually comes to school on foot. The boy is often ill.
b. already和yet的区别：already用于陈述句，一般用于句中，但不能和时间状语放在一起，译为“已经”；yet用来谈某事在预料之中，用于疑问句时译为“已经”，但用在否定句中则译为“尚未，还没有”，一般都放于句末。
如：The train has already arrived. I have already read the book.
Have you found your book yet? I have not finished my homework yet.
c. ever用于疑问句或带if的肯定句中或含hardly等否定意义的肯定句中，表示“曾经”一般要放在动词前面；它不用于现在完成时的简略回答，而要用Yes, I have或No, never表示。
如：The old man hardly ever goes out. (hardly ever 可译为：几乎从不)
“Have you ever been to the new library?” “No, never”.
3．形容词与副词的相互转变：
形容词是用来修饰名词，副词是用来修饰动词，形容词或其它副词，它们在具体应用中可以互相转化，规律如下：
a. 在形容词词尾直接加-ly，构成副词。如：usual-usually, bad-badly等。
[注]：不是所有以-ly结尾的单词都是副词，某些名词后加-ly可以转化为形容词。
如：sisterly, brotherly, friendly, comradely, lovely等。
b. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变y为i，再加-ly，如：heavy-heavily, happy-happily等，并且要注意这些单词的变化：polite-politely, true-truly, terrible-terribly等。
【要点2】
形容词的比较级和最高级的构成
绝大多数形容词有三种形式，原级，比较级和最高级。用以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级：形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。如: poor、tall、great、glad、bad 等。
形容词的比较级和最高级：形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化两类。
规则变化如下:
1、单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。
如：gr eat (原级) - greater (比较级) - greatest (最高级)
2、以-e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r 和-st 构成。
如：wide (原级) -wider (比较级) - widest (最高级)
3、少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。
如：clever(原级) - cleverer (比较级) - cleverest (最高级)
4、以-y 结尾,但-y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y 去掉,加上-ier 和-est 构成.
如：happy (原级) - happier (比较级) - happiest (最高级)
5、以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。
如：big (原级) - bigger (比较级) - biggest (最高级)
6、某些双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和most 加在形容词前面来构成。
如：careful (原级) - more careful (比较级) - most careful (比较级)
beautiful (原级) - more beautiful (比较级) - most beautiful (比较级)
difficult (原级) - more difficult (最高级) - most difficult (最高级)
[注]：形容词前若加上less 和least 则表示“较不”和“最不” 。
如：important 重要less important 较不重要least important 最不重要
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级：
【例题】
1. -- I put my purse on the table just now, have you seen it?
--No. I haven’t. You should never put _____ on the desk anyway.
A. anything important
B. important anything
C. something important
D. important something
【答案】C
【解析】不定代词修饰形容词放在形容词的前面
2. --How was your final exam?
--The English and Maths papers w eren’t __ for me. I hope I haven’t failed.
A. easy enough
B. difficult enough
C. enough easy
D. enough difficult
【答案】A
【解析】enough修饰形容词放在形容词的后面
3.-- Could you tell me something about the museum?
-- Yes, It was built in 1979, 230 __________ and 220 ____________.
A. long meters; wide meters
B. meters long; wide meters
C. long meters; meters wide
D. meters long; meters wide
【答案】D
【解析】形容词修饰长度放在长度的后面
4. --What’s your present for Kangkang’s birthday?
-- He likes painting, so I’m going to buy him a __________ paintings.
A. fine little brown French
B. little brown fine French
C. little fine brown French
D. French little brown fine
【答案】A
【解析】形容词的排列按照客观到主管进行排列
5. The rich __________ necessarily happy.
A. isn’t
B. aren’t
C. wasn’t
D. weren’t
【答案】B
【解析】加形容词代表一类人
【即学即用】
1. Keeping the balance of nature is so ________.
A. easier
B. more difficult
C. important
D. Interested
2. The film is not as ________ as you told me.
A. interested
B. more interested
C. more interesting
D. Interesting
3. This building is ________ that one over there.
A. as tall as twice B as twice as tall
C. so tall as twice
D. twice as tall as
4. We live ________ now because we have changed the way we live.
A. long
B. longer
C. the longest
D. Short
5. Art is much ________ than life, but what a poor life without it!
A. less important
B. more important
C. the most important
D. Important
6. -- Which shirt is ________, the blue one or the pink one?
-- Oh, they are both nice, so it’s hard to choose.
A. nice
B. nicer
C. the nicest
D. Good
7. The harder you work, the ________ progress you will make.
A. great
B. greater
C. greatest
D. Little
8. If you keep playing sports every day you are getting ________.
A. good and good
B. better and better
C. best and best
D. better and best
9. --Which is Tom?
-- He is ________ of the two boys.
A. tall
B. taller
C. the taller
D. the tallest
10. We should go on learning English although it is getting a little _____.
A. easy
B. easier
C. difficult
D. more difficult
【答案】CDDBA BBBCD
【知识拓展】
形容词、副词比较级的重难点
一、"as + adj. / adv. + as" 或"not so (as ) + adj. / adv. + as"句型。该句型常用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同之处（即平时说的"等级比较和不等级比较"）。
如：The building is as high as that tower. 这座大楼和那座塔一样高。
My computer is not so(as) expensive as yours. 我的电脑不如你的贵重。
二、"as many / few + 可数名词复数+ as"或" as much / little + 不可数名词+ as "结构。前者描述数目上的接近；后者描述量的相近。
如：You may borrow as many books as you can.你能借多少书就借多少。
"Drink as much water as you can," the doctor said to him.
医生对他说："你要尽可能地多喝些水。"
三、"主语+ 比较级+ than any other +可数名词单数"或"主语+ 比较级+ than the other 可数名词复数"的结构表示：主语所描述的事物比其它（任何一个）都......"。用比较级形式表示最高级含义。
如：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.上海是中国最大的城市。
Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in their class. 李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。四、诸如not , never 之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义。意为"再没有比......更......"。
如：It is not a better idea. 这是一个再好不过的办法。
I have never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事。
五、"no + 比较级+ than ..."结构表示对两个比较对象都进行否定（可以用neither ... nor ... 结构来改写）。
如：This computer is no better than yours.
这台电脑并不比你的好。（相当于Neither this computer nor yours is good.）
I'm no more foolish than you.我们俩都不傻。（相当于Neither I nor you are foolish.）
六、"not more + 比较级+ than ..."结构表示在程度上前者不如后者。
如：This book is not more interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。（相当于The book is less interesting than that one.）
The girl is not more selfish than her mother. 这女孩不像她母亲那样自私。
七、"比较级+ than + 形容词"，意为"与其......倒不如......"。
如：He was much luckier than clever. 与其说他聪明，倒不如说他运气好。
Jack is much harder than clever. 与其说杰克聪明，倒不如说他努力。
八、"would rather ... than, prefer ... to ..., prefer to do ... rather than ... "，这三个句型表示"宁愿......而不......; 喜欢......胜过...... ; 宁愿做......而不愿做......"含义。虽无比较级形式，但表示比较级含义。
如：She would rather die than give in. 她宁死不屈。
I prefe r playing basketball to going to the cinema. 我宁愿打篮球也不愿去看电影。
He preferred to go out rather than stay home. 他宁愿出去也不愿呆在家里。
九、"The + 比较级... ，the + 比较级... "，该结构意为"越......，越......"。
如：The harder you work at English, the greater progress you will make.
在英语学习上你越用功，取得的进步就越大。
The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them.
问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
※【链接中考】
①(【2011哈尔滨】32. English people can't give up hamburgers or fried chicken because they’re delicious. However, the French are changing. They aren't interested in food like before.
A. fast
B. healthy
C. natural
②【2011呼和浩特】12. ----What do you think of Tom’s speaking?
----No one does in our class.
③【2011四川达州】26.—Up to now the Chinese Communist Party（中国共产党）has nearly history.
—Yes, it was founded July 23rd, 1921.
A. 90 years; at
B. 90-year; in
C. 90-years; of
D. 90-year; on
【答案】
① A 【解析】考查形容词辨析根据句意：英国人依然留恋汉堡和炸鸡，而法国人在改变。他们不再像从前，对快餐感兴趣了。
② B形容词比较级此题是隐藏性的比较级。“你认为汤姆的口语怎样” “在我们班没人比他说得好”。
②D本题考查复合形容词和介词的用法。90-year表示90年的，在句中作定语。on表示在某个具体的时间，in表示在模糊的时间。根据题意：-到现在中国共产党已经有接近90年的历史了。-是的，它是1921年7月23日建立的。故本题选择D。
五、双基达标
I. 单项填空。
1. -- I put my purse on the table just now, have you seen it?
--No. I haven’t. You should never put _____ on the desk anyway.
A. anything important
B. important anything
C. something important
D. important something
2. --How was your final exam?
--The English and Maths papers weren’t __ for me. I hope I haven’t failed.
A. easy enough
B. difficult enough
C. enough easy
D. enough difficult
3.-- Could you tell me something about the museum?
-- Yes, It was built in 1979, 230 __________ and 220 ____________.
A. long meters; wide meters
B. meters long; wide meters
C. long meters; meters wide
D. meters long; meters wide
4. --What’s your present for Kangkang’s birthday?
-- He likes painting, so I’m going to buy him a __________ paintings.
A. fine little brown French
B. little brown fine French
C. little fine brown French
D. French little brown fine
5. The rich __________ necessarily happy.
A. isn’t
B. aren’t
C. wasn’t
D. weren’t
6. Keeping the balance of nature is so ________.
A. easier
B. more difficult
C. important
D. interested
7. The film is not as ________ as you told me.
A. interested
B. more interested
C. more interesting
D. interesting
8. This building is ________ that one over there.
A. as tall as twice B as twice as tall
C. so tall as twice
D. twice as tall as
9. We live ________ now because we have changed the way we live.
A. long
B. longer
C. the longest
D. short
10. Art is much ________ than life, but what a poor life without it!
A. less important
B. more important
C. the most important
D. important
11. -- Which shirt is ________, the blue one or the pink one?
-- Oh, they are both nice, so it’s hard to choose.
A. nice
B. nicer
C. the nicest
D. good
12. The harder you work, the ________ progress you will make.
A. great
B. greater
C. greatest
D. little
13. If you keep playing sports every day you are getting ________.
A. good and good
B. better and better
C. best and best
D. better and best
14. --Which is Tom?
-- He is ________ of the two boys.
A. tall
B. taller
C. the taller
D. the tallest
15. We should go on learning English although it is getting a little _____.
A. easy
B. easier
C. difficult
D. more difficult
16. --Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?
--Of course. We can buy ________ one than this, but __________ it.
A. a better; better than
B. a popular; as good as
C. a more popular; not as good as
D. a cheaper; as good as
17. These days, the Internet is becoming ______ useful as a search tool.
A. more and more
B. most and most
C. much and more
D. much and much
18. Tom is __________ experienced among the doctors here.
A. less
B. least
C. the less
D. the least
19. Which is __________, the computer, the Internet or the robot?
A. useful
B. more useful
C. the more useful
D. the most useful
20. Beihai is one of __________ beautiful parks in Beijing.
A. the
B. the more
C. the most
D. the less
21. Jane is __________ girl in our school.
A. the second taller
B. second taller
C. the second tallest
D. second tallest
22. China has the __________ population in the world.
A. largest
B. smallest
C. biggest
D. most
23. Lucy has few friends in the city, so she feels very _______.
A. alone
B. lonely
C. pleased
D. happy
24. Her ________ opening speech set the tone for the whole conference.
A. lively
B. lovely
C. friendly
D. lonely
25. Peter was a friend of Mary’s ________ bro ther, Johnny.
A. eight-year-old
B. eight-year old
C. eight-years old
D. eight years old
26. --As you know, Chinese’ tea is the ________ one in the world.
-- Yes, It’s popular all over the world.
A. best
B. last
C. first
D. only
27. -- Would you like to go to the cinema with me?
--Sorry, I have to stay at home to look after my ________ brother.
A. ill
B. sick
C. illness
D. disease
28. He got up ________ to catch the early bus.
A. early enough
B. enough early
C. earlier enough
D. enough earlier
29. The girls cares ________ for a new dress than anything else.
A. more
B. much
C. many
D. most
30. --What do you think of the movie?
--Great! I have never seen ________ interesting movie.
A. such
B. such an
C. so
D. so a
31. --Why are you looking at me ________?
-- What a strange suit you’re wearing! Your jacket doesn’t match your trousers.
A. here and there
B. more or less
C. now and then
D. up and down
32. --Have you ever visited the Summer Palace?
-- No, I have ________ visited it.
A. never
B. already
C. ever
D. still
33. Super chicken sandwich is my ________ food.
A. the most favorite
B. favorite
C. more favorite
D. most favorite
34. The price of the computer is so ________ that I can’t afford it.
A. expensive
B. cheap
C. high
D. low
35. --________ are your feeling today? ---Much _________.
A. When; good
B. What; better
C. Where; good
D. How; better
36. Which skirt do you like __________, the red one, the blue one or the pink one?
A. better
B. best
C. well
D. very much
37. --How __________ will your father come back?
——In a week.
A. long
B. far
C. often
D. soon
38. If your want to learn English well you must speak English as __________ as you can.
A. many
B. much
C. soon
D. more
39. I can __________ catch up with you. Can you walk slowly?
A. hard
B. hardly
C. harder
D. hardlier
40. -- Is the coat John’s?
-- It can’t be John’s. It’s __________ small for him.
A. too much
B. too many
C. much too
D. many too
41. It’s __________ to say something than doing it.
A. easy
B. easier
C. easiest
D. easily
42. ——Can you communicate __________ in English?
——Sorry, I can’t. I know __________ English.
A. well; a little B good; little
C. good; a little
D. well; little
43. As long as you drive __________, you will be very safe.
A. careful
B. careless
C. carefully
D. more carefully
44. ——How about sitting ________ and talking?
——That’s a good idea.
A. anywhere
B. somewhere
C. everywhere
D. nowhere
45. When the thief saw a policeman, he run away as ________ as possible.
A. quick
B. quickly
C. fast
D. fastly
答案：1—5 CADAB 6—10 CDDBA 11—15 BBBCD 16—20 DADDC 21—25 CABCA 26—30 ABAAB 31—35 DABCD
36—40 BDBBC 41—45 BDCBC
II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. Please speak ________ (slow) so that we can make full notes.
47. They all come early, but she come ________(early) of all.
48. He played the piano ________(success) than we has thought.
49. Whoever is ________(quick) is going to have the better chance.
50. This radio is even ________(expensive) than that one.
51. This trip to China has ________(real) inspired me to relearn my Mandrain.
52. John’s handwriting is the ________(bad) of the three.
53. The most used letter in the English alphabet is "E", and "Q" is the ________(little) used!
54. Those who eat most are not always ________(fat); those who read most, not always wisest.
55. The mother is ________(worry) about her son’s safety.
56. I’m going on a diet for I want to become ________ (thin).
57. In my grandfather’s time, computers were far ________ (popular) than they are today.
58. So ________ (excite) was the game that I forgot all about the coming finals.
59. Tom is ________ (tall) of all his brothers.
60. This is our ________(cheap) pen in our shop.
答案
46. more slowly 47. the earliest 48. more successfully 49. Quicker 50. more expensive 51. Really 52. worst 53. least 54. fattest
55. worried 56. Thinner 57. less popular 58. Exciting 59. the tallest 60. Cheapest
六、单元自测
1、单项选择
21．The mooncake tastes ________，and it sells ________.
A．good; well B．good; good C．well; well D．well; good
22．This coat is too small for me. Can you show me ________ one?
A．else B．another C．other D．others
23．—Would you like some Wenchang Chicken? It ________ delicious.
—Yes, please. It's my favourite.
A．sounds B．tastes C．feels
24．The fans can't wait ________ to China.
A．come B．to come C．coming D．came
25．—What does Anna look like？—________.
A．She's kind B．She's tall C．She likes skating
26．The new sweater I bought for my grandma ________ soft. She likes it very much.
A．looks B．smells C．tastes D．feels
27．The box was________than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home.
A．more heavier B．much heavier C．little heavier D．very heavier
28．—Have you heard the song Stay Here Forever?
—Yes. It sounds________.
A．well B．loudly C．sweet D．beautifully
29．—How can I improve my spoken English?
—Speak more and don't be ________ making mistakes.
A．afraid of B．proud of C．famous for D．good at
30．—Would you like some milk？—________.
A．Yes, please B．The same to you
C．Help yourself D．My pleasure
答案
21.A点拨：句意：这月饼尝起来好吃，卖得也好。系动词后接形容词作表语；修饰动词sell用副词well。根据句意可知选A。22.B23.B
24．B点拨：can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地想做某事。
25．B点拨：此题考查交际用语。What do/does sb.look like？意为“某人长什么样？”look like强调对外貌的提问，be like强调对内在品质的提问，故选B。
26．D点拨：句意：我为我奶奶买的新毛衣________很柔软，她很喜欢它。look“看起来”；smell“闻起来”；taste“尝起来”；feel“感觉起来，摸起来”。根据句意可知，“新毛衣”是“摸起来柔软”，故答案选D。
27．B点拨：much＋形容词的比较级，表示“……得多”。故选B。
28．C点拨：此题考查系动词的用法。答句意为：是的。它听起来很甜美。系动词后跟形容词。故选C。29.A[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
30．A点拨：此题考查交际用语。Would you like sth.？是表示征求对方意见的句式。肯定回答是“Yes, please.”，否定回答是“No, thanks.”。故选A。
2、完形填空
Let me tell you about the best day of my life! I got up early and ran to the kitchen in my pajamas (睡衣)．It was my thirteenth birthday and I was really ________(31)．In fact, I wasn't sleeping all night because I kept ________(32) all the presents I would get.
I walked into the kitchen with a big smile on my face, ________(33) nobody looked up. Mum and Dad were reading their newspapers while my two older brothers were eating breakfast.
________(34)said a word! “They have forgotten about my birthday！” I said to myself. I turned around and walked out of the ________(35)．Suddenly, I heard a noise, so I went back to ________(36)what it was. I couldn't believe my eyes! There were lots of ________(37) on the kitchen table.“Surprise！” I heard ________(38)me. When I turned around, I saw Mum, Dad and my brothers! Mum was holding a huge ________(39) with candles and they were singing “Happy Birthday” to me. We shared the cake and opened all the presents.
They didn't ________(40) my birthday at all. It really was the best day of my life!
31．A.lonely B．excited C．successful D．weak
32．A.thinking about B．picking up C．taking out D．putting away
33．A.for B．so C．or D．but
34．A.Nobody B．Anybody C．Somebody D．Everybody
35．A.garden B．kitchen C．bedroom D．study
36．A.see B．taste C．explain D．choose
37．A.newspapers B．presents C．menus D．rings
38．A.of B．above C．behind D．from
39．A.picture B．bowl C．spoon D．cake
40．A.realise B．enjoy C．forget D．celebrate
答案：31～35：BADAB36～40：ABCDC
3. 阅读理解
A
When I was about 12, I had an “enemy”，a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点)．Sometimes she said I was thin. Sometimes she said I was lazy. Sometimes she said I wasn't a good student. Sometimes she said I talked too much, and so on. I tried to put up with(忍受)her as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me quietly, and then he asked, “Are the things she said true or not? Mary, have you ever wondered what you're really like? Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me and I was very surprised to discover that about half the things were true.
I took the list to my dad. He refused to take it.“That's just for you，” he said.“Yo u know the truth about yourself better than any other people. When something said about you is true, it will be helpful to you. Don't shut your ears. Listen to them all, but remember the truth and do what you think is right.”
Many years have passed. The situation often appears in my mind. In our life we often meet with some trouble and we often go to someone and ask for advice. For some advice you will treasure(珍惜)all your life!
41．The meaning of the underlined word “enemy” is ________ in Chinese.
A．恩人B．骗子C．敌人D．伙伴
42．The “enemy” pointed out the writer's shortcomings. The writer felt ________ at last.
A．happy B．angry C．lonely D．surprised
43．What did the writer's father do after he heard her complaints?
A．He agreed with her “enemy”．
B．He let her conti nue to put up with her “enemy”．
C．He asked her to write down all that her “enemy” had said about her.
D．He asked her not to pay attention to what her “enemy” had said.
44．Which of the following can we know from the passage?
A．The “enemy” thought the writer was pretty.
B．The “enemy” thought the writer studied hard.
C．The writer's father gave her “enemy” a lesson.
D．The writer is grateful to her father.
45．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．The Best Advice I Ever Had
B．My Parents
C．What People Say About You Is Always Right
D．A Serious Criticism
B
Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, clo se to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic．
Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied (欺负) by their older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.
You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame (责备) themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.
For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don't forget—if you are shy, you are not the only one.
46．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Happiness. B．Shyness. C．Kindness. D．Loneliness. 47．What does the underlined word “genetic” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passed down from parents. B．Learned from friends.
C．Taught by teachers. D．Made up by brothers.
48．What can be learned from the passage?
A．Most little babies are born shy and quiet.
B．If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.
C．Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.
D．Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.
49．We can learn from the passage that ________ may cause shyness. A．genetics, grown-ups and birthplace
B．genetics, family size and birthplace
C．family size, grown-ups and failure
D．genetics, family size and freedom
50．Scientists suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by ________. A．blaming their failure on outside reasons
B．trying new things and practicing conversations
C．getting themselves away from their shy parents
D．trying to understand reasons for their shyness
答案
A
41. C点拨：词义猜测题。根据第一段一整段的段意及这个年龄段的孩子所具有的心理特征可猜测出是“敌人”。故选C。42．B点拨：细节理解题。根据题干的意思和第一段倒数第二句句意“最后，我变得很生气。”可知B项是正确的。
43．C点拨：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Go and make a list of everything she said and...”可知C项是正确的。
44．D点拨：推理判断题。根据本文第一段可排除A和B，因为她的“敌人”说的都是她的缺点；根据下文可知作者的爸爸没有教育女儿的“敌人”，故可排除C。短文的最后一段是作者的感慨：爸爸的建议让她一生受益。由此可判断出作者很感激她的爸爸。故选D。
45．A点拨：主旨大意题。通读全文可知A项是最佳标题；文中只提到了父亲，故排除B；通过列出朋友指出的缺点，她发现有一半是符合事实的，故排除C；爸爸给她的只是建议，而不是批评，排除D。故选A。
B
46. B点拨：主旨大意题。此题用细读法。通读全文可知，本文主要说的是“害羞”，故选B。
47．A点拨：词义猜测题。此题用阅读材料中寻找答案法。根据第二段倒数第二句“...these shy babies usually have shy parents.”可知，这些害羞的孩子通常有害羞的父母。由此说明有些孩子的害羞是由父母遗传下来的。故选A。
48．C点拨：细节理解题。此题用阅读材料中寻找答案法。根据第三段第二、三句“Scienti sts at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters.”可知，科学家研究发现，在害羞的孩子中有66%的孩子有哥哥和姐姐。故选C。
49．B点拨：细节理解题。此题用阅读材料中寻找答案法。文中第二段中“...these shy babies usually have shy parents.”说明了害羞是遗传基因；第三段第一句“Family size might cause people to be shy as well.”说明了家庭的大小也是害羞产生的原因之一；第四段第一句“You may also be shy because of where you were born.”说明了出生地也是产生害羞的原因之一。对照四个选项可知，B项正确。
50．B点拨：细节理解题。此题用阅读材料中寻找答案法。根据短文最后一段倒数第二句“They suggest trying new things and practicing conversatio ns.”可知，科学家建议害羞的人通过尝试新事物和练习对话来克服害羞。故选B。
语法复习专题四——形容词和副词 备考建议： 1．从几年来收集到的题目中可以看出高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点： (1)形容词的比较级和最高级； (2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。 另外，考查形容词作定语时的语序问题的试题也不少。 2．对于比较级的考查，淡化结构，注重深层语义。“比较”的意思并不是直接能从“结构”中看出来的，而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来的。 3．在加强考查词义辨析的题目中，高考不但加强了对语义的考查(而不仅仅是语法)，随着新教材词汇量的增大，而且注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。 要做好各类有关形容词和副词的试题应从这几方面去努力： 1．对单音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成、双音节和多音节的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级的构成，要加强记忆、找出其中规律；灵活掌握修饰比较级和最高级的副词和一些短语。 2．对某些副词的词义还需进一步认识，多数形容词在加-ly后，词义基本不变，而有些则不同，如：hard—hardly. 3．加强形容词、副词比较级考点的学习与应用，尤其是比较级在某些特定结构中的特殊含义，比较级及其修饰语的搭配和用法。巧记名词前多个形容词的排列顺序，形容词、副词等在不同语境下的辨析，要不断地提高分析试题的能力，克服思维定势，灵活运用所学的知识。 (1)加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习，尤其是一些常见的句型，要做到张口能诵的程度。在理解上，不能留任何疑点。 (2)加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习，要做到“词不离句，句不离义”。做题时，要结合语境，注意惯用法和固定搭配认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。 (3)判断句子成分，如果是作定语、表语等，一般是用形容词；如果是作状语、修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词，一般应用副词。但注意也有特殊情况，如形容词(短语)可作伴随或结果状语。 (4)分清句子结构，看看该句应该用原级、比较级还是最高级。 (5)注意特殊的含有形容词比较级的句型。 考点聚焦 1、形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记； （1）形容词短语作定语，定语后置。如：a language difficult to master （2）表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。 （3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时，通常后置。如：I have something important to tell you.
形容词 一.定义： 用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。 二. 注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如： Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。 例如： You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。 例如：His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。 形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。 例如：The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。 形容词短语做定语时要后置。 如：They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。 如：Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗？
2013年实验中学初三英语复习学案 萧东来2013-04 初中英语语法之形容词、副词 形容词： 一、形容词的一般用法 1.作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。 例如，It’s a cold and windy day. 2.作表语，放在系动词的后面。 例如，He looks happy today. 3.形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything 等复合不定代词时，须放在其后。 例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。 例如，How long is the river？It’s about two hundred kilometers long. 5.只能作表语的形容词：afraid 害怕；alone 独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake 醒着的；alive 活着的；well 健康的；ill 病的；frightened 害怕的 例如，The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词：little 小的；only 唯一的；wooden 木质的；woolen 羊毛质的；elder 年长的 例如，My elder brother is in Beijing. (正) My brother is elder. (误) 7.貌似副词的形容词：lonely 独自的；friendly 友好的；lively 生动的；lovely 可爱的 8.复合形容词：snow-white 雪白的English-speaking 说英语的；full-time 全日制的；well-known 众所周知的；kind-hearted 善良的；man-made 人造的；take-away 可以带走的；ten-year-old 十岁的。 二、多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词) ——描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，长幼，颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词(此项不要求掌握) A small round table 一张小圆桌 A tall white building 一幢高大的白色建筑物 A dirty old black shirt 一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣 A famous American medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院 三、形容词常用句型 1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。 注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，good(好的)，如kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。 例如，It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能帮助我，真好。 It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)她说这样的话，真 粗鲁。 It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他单独出去太傻了。 2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。 例如It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language. (=To learn a foreign language is no t easy for them.) 对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。 It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully. (=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.) 对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。 It’s necessary for us to get to school on time . (=To get to school on time is necessary for us.) 对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的。 3. 表示感情或情绪的形容词，glad(高兴的)，如pleased(高兴的)，sad(忧伤的)， thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。 例如，Glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。 I’m very sorry to hear the bad news.听到这个坏新闻，我非常难过。 4. 表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready(乐意的，有准备的)，able(有能力的)，sure(一定)， 等常接不定式。 例如，He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。 四、一些形容词的用法辨析： ⑴whole 与all：记住两个词序：①the whole + 名词；②all (of) the + 名词。 如：He was busy the whole morning.( 整个早晨他都很忙) He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词) ⑵tall 与high, short 与low ： 指人的个子时用tall 与short；指其他事物时一般用high 与low。 如：He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮) Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木)
初一英语语法之形容词副词 形容词，副词的比较级：表示“比…更…”（-er） （一）：一般直接在单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词尾+ ；tall Long (二)：以e结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词词尾直接+_______;nice______ wide_______ (三)：“以_____ +______结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词先___变____,再加____。busy______ early______ easy________ busy_______ (四)：以______音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅)的单音节和少数双音节的形 词，副词，要_____最后一个辅音，再+______。big_____ hot_____ red____ thin_____ (五)：多音节和部分双音节的形同此，副词，一般在此类词前面+__________构成最高级形式。interesting_________ relaxing___________ exciting__________ carefully___________ 注意：（1）比较级的句子中最常见的一个词than比。（2）比较级常用于两者的比较。形容词，副词的最高级：表示“最……”（-est） (一)：一般直接在单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词尾+ ； tall Long Old Low (二)：以e结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词词尾直接+___________; nice______ wide_______ large_______ fine______ (三)：“以_____ +______结尾的单音节和少数双音节形容词，副词先___变____,再加____。busy______ early______ easy________ busy_______ (四)：以______音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅)的单音节和少数双音节的形容词，副词，要_____最后一个辅音，再+______。 big_____ hot_____ red____ thin_____ (五)：多音节和部分双音节的形同此，副词，一般在此类词前面+__________构成最高级形式。 interesting________ _ relaxing_______ __ exciting__________ carefully______ _____ 不规则变化。 good/well-better---best bad/badly--- worse---worst many/much----more---most 好的更好的最好的坏的更坏的最坏的许多的更多的最多的 (原级) (比较级) (最高级) (原级) (比较级) (最高级) (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
专题形容词和副词 考点一形容词、副语的句法功能 形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词。它们各自的功能如下： 不少学生对如何排列形容词的词序颇感困惑。在此，我们向同学们介绍一个简易的记忆方法。请你记住“限观形龄色国材”，如果这几个字不好记，你就记“县官行令谢国财”。
名词）。American 财（材）代表中心名词构成材料的形容词。wooden，stone，plastic 村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石桥。 I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday. 昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒。 They have got such a round brown wooden table. 他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。 考点三形容词变副词的方法 1．大多数形容词在词尾加-ly。 careful—carefully，quick—quickly，bright—brightly 2．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加-ly。 easy—easily，happy—happily，lucky—luckily 3．以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词，去e再加-ly。 true—truly 4．以le结尾的形容词，去e再加-y。 terrible—terribly，simple—simply，possible—possibly 考点四形容词、副词的比较等级 1．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的概念和构成： 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er/-est或在词前加more/most，属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则的变化。 （1）规则变化 情况构成方式原级比较级最高级 一般情况 加-er或 -est old旧的 fast快的 older faster oldest fastest 以e结尾的词加-r或-st late晚的later latest 以“辅音＋ y”结尾的双 音节词 变y为i，再加 -er或-est early早的 happy高兴的 earlier happier earliest happiest
一、选择题 1．A walk every day is enough to keep you healthy and in good shape． A．30-minute B．30-minutes C．30 minute's D．30-minutes' 2．一Lucy, do you have any plans to spend your five-day holiday? 一I will go to Xiamen a second time. I have never visited city A．a most fantastic B．the most fantastic C．a more fantastic D．the more fantastic 3．一Do you think the weather will be all right for a weekend outing? 一No, unless we're . The newspaper says it'll be very hot anyway. A．lucky B．confident C．wrong D．crazy 4．The population of China is ___________ than that of Russia. And this makes the traffic in China ___________. A．much larger, more crowded B．much more, more crowdedly C．much larger, more crowdedly D．much more, more crowded 5．— How do you come to school every day, by bus or by bike? —By bus. It’s much __________ than by bike. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 6．We are covering these ____________ girls’ wonderful performances ______ . A．lively; live B．lively; alive C．alive; live D．alive; living 7．I'm surprised that Jenny is 42. I thought she was , for she seems to be in her thirties. A．younger B．older C．young D．old 8．- I’m very tired these days because of this exam. - Why not listen to music? It can make you ______. A．relaxed B．sad C．scared D．bored 9．It is said that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into use in Chinese middle schools soon. In fact. It is a small computer that is __________ than a usual schoolbag but holds all the things for study, such as a _________，an exercise book and so on． A．much smaller, testbook B．even smaller, textbook C．far smaller, comic book 10．—Good news! We will have a ________ holiday. —I’ve heard of it. But it’s coming in ________. A．three days; three days’ time B．three days’; three days’ C．three-day; three days D．three days; three-day time 11．Some students are so . They often make mistakes in their homework. A．careful B．serious C．careless D．successful
初中英语语法形容词、副词的复习教案 Brainstorm: 你能分清形容词和副词的用法和写法吗？你知道怎么使用形容词和副词的比较级和最高级吗？你知道在英语中有很多形容词词缀吗？ 一．形容词和副词的辨析 1.形容词和副词的区别 形容词：用来修饰名词 副词：用来修饰动词、形容词和副词 所以区别形容词和副词的关键在于看它所修饰的内容。 例如：Candy is a lovely girl. Candy smiles lovely. 在这两句话中，都有lovely这个单词，但是词性却完全不同。在第一句中lovely用 来修饰girl所以是形容词，而第二句中，lovely用来修饰动词smiles，所以是副词。 2.形容词变副词的规律 a.一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如：careful-carefully b.以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如：true-truly c.辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如：angry-angrily d.单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如：shy-shyly e.以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如：terrible-terribly f.形容词、副词同形：hard, fast, friendly, late, early, lovely, long。这部分请同学们 注意，其中很多单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如：hardly就变成 “几乎不”的意思，是小学阶段五大隐形否定词（few，little, never, seldom, hardly） 之一。 二．形容词和副词的比较级 1.比较级的范围:一般为两者或两个部分进行比较。例如：I’m taller than you. Group One did better than Group Two. 2.比较级的结构：结构上比较级有三个明显的标志。 ①than：一般用than连接两个比较的部分。例如：Tom runs faster than Mike.其中Tom 和Mike是比较的两部分，用than连接他们进行比较。在than的句式中有一个需要 同学们特别注意：I’m taller than any other students in my class.这句话中用than连接 的是I和any other students in my class两个部分，其实表示的是最高级的概念，译 为我比我们班其他同学都要高，其中any other ……是固定搭配，译为任何其他的。 ②a little, much, a lot, even, still：可用来专门修饰比较级。例如：Lisa was sick yesterday, while today she is much better. ③as+形容词或副词原形+as……：译为像……一样。例如：Mary is as clever as Susan.Mary像Susan一样聪明。 另外，两个比较级连用表示“越来越”的意思。例如：Days get longer and longer in Spring.白天在春天越来越长了。 3.比较级的写法： ①单音节单词后+er。例如：tall-taller, short-shorter ②重读闭音节双写最后一个字母再加er：hot-hotter, big-bigger, thin-thinner, fat-fatter ③双音节辅音+y结尾去y变i再加er：ugly-uglier, busy-busier, easy-easier, early-earlier,
形容词和副词 考纲解读 内容解读 1．了解形容词、副词的基本功能及在句子中的位置； 2．掌握形容词、副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置；同根副词的辨析；enough, convenient等的用法。 能力解读 1．具备在特定语境中选择恰当的形容词、副词的能力； 2．掌握英语中形容词、副词的语法特点及它们之间的语义差异。 五年高考 07年高考题组 ( )1. (07湖南, 26) It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so . A. far B. well C. little D. badly ( )2. (07湖南, 35) There is an old proverb, ―Love me, love my dog.‖But there is wisdom in this: ―Love me, love my book.‖ A. some B. much C. more D. most ( )3. (07全国II, 9) After two years’ research, we now have a better understanding of the disease. A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite ( )4. (07全国II, 10) Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his one. A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known ( )5. (07北京, 30) The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here . A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest ( )6. (07天津, 9) A new bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common ( )7. (07天津, 14) The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only beaten. A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly ( )8. (07上海, 27) Alan is a careful driver, but he drives of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully ( )9. (007上海, 42) Since Tom downloaded a virus into his computer, he cannot open the file now. A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly ( )10. (07上海, 44) John was dismissed last week because of his attitude towards his job.
英语语法——形容词与副词 来源：普特英语 形容词 1.1 什么是形容词 形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词，常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如： a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿 the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画 modern history现代历史 1.2 形容词的用法 形容词在句中可用作： 1)定语 He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。 The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。 2)表语 The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人，而且富有教育意义。 I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。 3)宾语补足语和宾语一起构成复合宾语。如： Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗? We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。 4)相当于名词某些形容词前用定冠词the，变成名词化的形容词，可在句中作主语、宾语等。如： The young are active.青年人积极好动。(the young作主语) The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。(the blind作主语) He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。(the new作宾语) [注一]上述三例中的the young = the young people，the blind the Blind people，the new the new things. [注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。 1.3 形容词的位置 形容词常放在它所修饰的名词之前。关于形容词有时可以后置的问题(见16.18)，但如有一个以上的形容词修饰名词，这些形容词的顺序则由它们和被修饰名词的关系的密切程度来决定。一般说来，关系最密切的最*近被修饰的名词，关系较疏远的离被修饰的名词也较远。如： a large wild plant一株很大的野生植物
高中英语语法大全之形容词和副词 形容词及其用法 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2)叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错）He is an ill man. （对）The man is ill. （错）She is an afraid girl. （对）The girl is afraid. 这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：something nice 以-ly结尾的形容词 1）大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：(错）She sang lovely. （错）He spoke to me very friendly. （对）Her singing was lovely. （对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.
初中英语语法总结--形容词 1、形容词及其用法 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 (错) He is an ill man. (对) The man is ill. (错) She is an afraid girl. (对) The girl is afraid. 这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 3)形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：
something nice 2. 以-ly结尾的形容词 1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：(错) She sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 3 用形容词表示类别和整体 1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry The poor are losing hope.
形容词和副词 一、形容词 形容词修饰名词/不定代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。一般放所修饰名词前作定语，也可独立作表语/宾补等 1、作定语：①this is an interesting story. ②kitty is a clever cat. 2、作表语：①Yao Ming is very tall. ②our classroom is big and bright. 3、作宾补：①don't make your hands dirty. ②we're trying to make our school beautiful. 可将形容词分成性质形容词+叙述形容词，不一定都放在名词前面。 1、直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2、叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。 （错）He is an ill man. （对）The man is ill. （错）She is an afraid girl. （对）The girl is afraid. 、 这类词还有：well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词后。例如：something nice 二、以-ly结尾的形容词 1、大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 改错：(错）She sang lovely. （错）He spoke to me very friendly. （对）Her singing was lovely. （对）He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2、有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early ①The Times is a daily paper. ②The Times is published daily. 三、用形容词表示类别和整体 1、某些形容词加上定冠词可泛指一类人，谓语用复数。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry。———— The poor are losing hope. — 2、有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词复数连用。the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. ————The English have wonderful sense of humor. 四、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，顺序：限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别） ① a small round table ② a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car
透析中考英语语法形容词、副词考点 【形容词、副词命题趋势】 形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性，副词和形容词一样，在句中起修饰作用，所不同的是：形容词主要修饰名词；而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。对形容词、副词的考查是高考一项重要考查内容，考查的方向主要体现在以下几个方面： 1. 形容词的用法； 2. 副词的用法； 3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法； 4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。 【考点诠释】 一、考查形容词的作用与位置 形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。常放在被修饰的名词前作定语，放在系动词后作表语，或放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。 1．多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 【考例】--Yeah, too _______work makes me tired. [太原市] A. little B. many C. much [答案]C。[解析]本题重在考查几个形容词的用法。little有“小的”或“几乎没有”等意思。many与much都有“多”的意思，但many修饰可数名词复数，much修饰不可数名词。空格后的名词work是不可数名词，故应选C。 2．形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词时，通常后置。 The idea of "sunshine sport" makes it possible for kids to choose and do about sport as long as one hour every day. [哈尔滨市] A. pleasant something B. anything pleasant C. nothing pleasant [答案]B。[解析]考查形容词和不定代词的位置关系。从句子意思可知应填anything pleasant 表“任何高兴的事”。A结构不对，C表否定。 3．表语形容词(well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake等)作定语，需要后置；有些表示身体健康状况的形容词，如well，faint，m只作表语；sick既可作表语又可作定语。 【考例】Carl felt _______because he won the first prize in the school singing competition. [安徽省] A. interested B. proud C. angry D. worried [答案]B 。[解析]考查形容词词义。根据句意“获奖是值得高兴、自豪的事情”，应选proud。 I feel ________to have a friend like him. He always helps me out when I am in trouble. [太原市] A. luckily B. happy C. sorry [答案]B。[解析]本题重在考查系动词的用法。系动词feel“觉得”其后可接形容词作表语，A项为副词，故排除；B、C虽然都是形容词，但意义相反，根据后句推断选B。 Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest____ writers．He is still__________.[镇江] A．1iving；alive B．1iving；1iving C．alive；living D．alive；alive 答案：A解析：alive作表语或后置定语，指“有生命的，活的，还出着气的”；living指“健在的，现行的，现代的”，可作表语，也可作定语。句意为“金庸是最伟大的健在的老作家之一，他仍然活着”，故选A。 4．用作补足语。 【考例】Li Lei's words made her_________..[济南]
英语中形容词和副词的区别 形容词表示某一事物或的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征. 形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形和+er. 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征.通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面. 1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语.例如：hot 热的. 2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词.这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰.大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类.例如：afraid 害怕的. （错）He is an ill man.
（对）The man is ill. （错）She is an afraid girl. （对）The girl is afraid. 这类词还有： well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等. 形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边.但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后
大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词.但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively, ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词. 副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构. 一、副词的位置： 1）在动词之前. 2）在be动词、助动词之后. 3）多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后.
注意： a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡. We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. b. 方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾. He speaks English well. 二、副词的排列顺序： 1）时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后. 2）方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接.