省略
定义：为避免重复，省略句子中的一个或几个成分，这种语法现象叫省略。一般说来，句子的省略都发生在句子的主要成分上，即发生在主语、谓语、宾语上。
1. 省略主语
(1)在祈使句中省略主语，如：(You) Come here.
(2)在表达对某事物的看法时，有时也把主语省略，如：
(It) Sounds like a good idea.
(I) Have no idea.
2. 省略谓语或谓语的一部分
(1)在并列句中省略重复的部分，如：
He repaired the computer and I (repaired) the loudspeaker.
Mary learns French and John (learns) German.
(2) 当并列句或从句中有助动词时，可以省略相同的动词，如：She might sing, but I don’t think she will (sing).
(3) 在there be句型中省略there be，如：
(Is there) Anything I can do for you?
3. 省略宾语
作为宾语的单词或从句有时都可以省略，如：
He wrote down the new words and I wrote down (the new words), too. —Is our teacher in the office?
—Sorry, I don’t know (whether he is or not ).
4. 主语和谓语一起省略
(You come) This way please.
—What do you want to eat?
—(I want) Some rice and vegetables.
5. 不定式符号to后面的动词可以省略
(1) 在回答话语中，如：
—Would you like to come to the party?
—I’d love to (come to the party).
(2) 在状语从句中，如：
You can go with us to the concert if you want to.
(这里特别要注意动词可以省略，但是不定式符号to不可以省略。)
（一）句中成分的省略
1. 主语的省略
Beg your pardon. （我）请你原谅。（Beg前省略了主语I）
Come on! 得了吧（你）！（Come前省略了主语You）
2. 谓语的省略
John is a lawyer，his wife (is) a cleaner.
Some of us study Japanese，others (study) English.
3. 表语的省略
She was a lover of sports as she had been in her youth..（had been后面省略了a lover of sports）4. 宾语的省略
Let’s do the cases. I’ll read and you’ll type.（read和type后面省略了宾语cases）
5. 定语的省略
I spent part of the money, and the rest I gave.（the rest后面省略了定语of the money）
6. 状语的省略
She wasn’t cry. Strange! （Strange前面省略了状语how）
7. 词的省略
1）名词、冠词、物主代词或介词如果与前文重复时，可以省略，如：
I like red wine better than white (wine).
The lightning flashed and (the) thunder crashed.
Please take good care of these flowers and (these) plants.
We lived in Beijing and (in) Shanghai for some time.
2）重复出现的形容词，省略后边的；两个或两个以上被形容词修饰的同一名词，前边的则常被省略。
We are young boys and (young) girls.
There were middle-aged (women) and elderly women to attend the meeting;
8. 英语中一些固定特殊的省略结构
1）在回答一般疑问句的简略答语中，或回答用陈述句，祈使句表示要求、命令的简略回答中，常用Yes /No＋主语＋助动词，而省略主动词或其它成份，但助动词应和原句的助动词和时间概念须保持相应的一致。
—Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course you can. (句中could表示委婉语气，并不是过去式，因此答语用can，其后省略borrow my dictionary.)
—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.
—I won't. (祈使句原含有未来的意味，再加上有tomorrow的限制，因此答语用won't，其后省略forget to go you’re your birthday party tomorrow.)
2) 同时省掉句子几个部分有时好几个句子成分都被省掉，除了对疑问句的简略回答外，也出现在反意疑问句中。如：You are a superman，aren’t you (a superman) ?
3）在以know, forget, remember等动词结尾的简答句后的子句通常也可省略，以避免重复。—Who won the football match last night?
—Sorry, I don’t know (who won the football match last night.)
4）在以if, when，though，as，as if 等连词引导的从句中，如从句中主要动词是be，可将主语和动词be省掉。
He is very good at dancing, though (he is) very old.
The boy looked as if ( he were ) afraid of nothing.
5）so，nor/neither 用来表示“……也一样”时的省略结构
—I am a student.
—So am I (a student).
—We haven't been there.
—Neither (Nor) have we (been there).
（二）句中结构的省略
1. 简单句的省略
1）名词所有格之后的省略
He is going to his uncle’s (house).
2) 含there be结构中的省略
(Is there) Anything wrong?
3) 独立主格结构中的分词如为being或having been时的省略
The examination (being) over, we all left the school.
4) 不定式的省略
（1）并列的不定式
Her job is to take care of the elders and (to) wash their clothes.
（2）为避免重复, 作某些动词hope, want等宾语或tell, order, ask的宾补时，省略不定式短语, 只保留不定式符号to.
The child wanted to play in the street, but her mother told her not to.
（此句中not to 后省略了和上文相重复的play in the street.）.
（3）感官动词see, hear, feel, notice, hear或使役动词let, make, have,等后跟不定式作宾补时
省略to.
I saw the girl cross the street.
I had my father repair my bike.
注意：当感官动词与使役动词用于被动时，需恢复to的省略! 如：The girl was seen to cross the street.
（4）有had better, would rather, can’t but 或Why not等句型后面直接跟动词原形，实际上是接省to的不定式。
You had better tell me the truth.
I could not but (to) laugh at him.
Why not go and ask the teacher for help?
（5）在回答问句及其它形式的答语中，如有和上文重复的不定式时，在答语中只保留其不定式符号to，而把动词和其它部分省略。
—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
—I'd like to. But I'm too busy. （此句中的I'd like to 后省略了come to dinner tonight.）
5) 介词（或介词短语）的省略
（1）动名词前面的介词in在一定条件下常被省略
We spent a large sum of money (in) building the mansion.
而当spend money in doing sth. 结构用于被动语态时in不能省略
A large sum of money was spent in building the mansion.
（2）near或opposite作形容词表示“在…的附近”或“在…对面”时后接的介词to可省略It is near (to) the airport, opposite (to) the supermarket.
（3）of +形容词+名词作补语表示大小、年龄、形状、颜色或价格时of常被省略
We are（of）the same age, I suppose.
（4）含有side, height, length, size, shape等惯用语前介词on有时可被省略
Try to keep your discourse（on）this side of 3000 words．
（5）有些动词、名词、形容词习惯搭配介词短语, 在以what, when, how, whether, that出现的从句或不定式短语之前有时被省略介词短语as to.
Be careful (as to) how you do that.
6) 同源宾语的省略
同源宾语的修饰语是形容词最高级或含有最高级意义时可以省去该同源宾语
During the football match, the fans all shouted their loudest (shout).
She sang her sweetest (song).
7) 英语中惯用的省略句型
即，What/How about后只跟名词、代词或动名词（短语），以及感叹句中的省略现象。How about the two of us taking a walk down the garden?
What a beautiful view (it is)!
2. 并列句中的省略
1) 并列句的省略是最常见的，一般说来，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。
To some smile is very easy, and to others (smile is) so hard.
2) 简单句的并列结构中也常有省略的做法
We may go there by train or (by) air.
3）并列平行结构有时会出现在状语从句中
As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.
（此句中，前一个分句带一个As引导的状语从句，状语从句中move away from 后为并列平行结构，their…，their…，their…在and后的分句中，the confidence后省略了is cut off.）3. 复合句中的省略
1）复合句中从句的句尾和主句相重复时从句的句尾部分可省掉
Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor).
2）含有定语从句的复合句
（1）定语从句中可以省略作宾语的关系代词；非正式文体中，也可省略关系副词when或why.
I shall never forget the day (when) I entered TV University.
I like the film for the very reason (why) you dislike it.
（2）关系代词as后面的主谓结构也可省略
He gave the same answer as (he had given) before.
3）含有宾语从句的复合句
（1）在两个并列的that从句如主动词及其宾语、表语、状语等都一样时可将第二个that从句的主动词及随带成份省略。
I guess Lisa will dance in the party but Jane won't (dance in the party).
（2）在两个并列的that从句如主语相同，而谓语不同，可把第二个that从句的连词和主语一起省略。
Tell Peter that I'll call to see him and (that I 'll ) have talk with him.
（3）在两个并列从句如连词不同而其它成份相同时，可省略第一分句和第二分句相同的部分，只把两个连词连接起来。
Her parents don't know when (she was born) and where she was born.
（4）在以某些形容词或过去分词，如：sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied的词所引导的宾语从句中，连词that可省略。
We aren’t sure which the best is.
I was very pleased my friend had passed the exam.
（5）在以which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句中，其谓语与主句谓语相同时省略全部谓语，有时甚至主语也可省略，只保留一个w h～的词。
He can’t go to school, but I don’t know why (he can’t go to school).
4）含有状语从句的复合句
状语从句中的省略原则是，如主语与主句主语一致，或主语是it，可省略从句的连接词、主语和be助动词，只保留分词和其它成分，从而使语言更加简洁明了。
（1）时间状语从句中的省略
I favor English when (I was) a pupil.
（2）地点状语从句中的省略
The river is clean where (it is) deep.
（3）让步状语从句中的省略
Although (she was) the youngest of the group, she won all the prizes.
（4）方式状语从句中的省略
The baby closed his eyes as if ( he were ) to sleep.
（5）条件状语从句中的省略
She won’t come unless (she is) invited.
（6）原因状语从句中的省略
(If we were) Given more attention, the plants could have grown better.
（7）比较状语从句中的省略
You can play the game just as wonderfully as I (do).
在以than和as引导的比较结构的状语从句中，省略某些与主句相同的成分或在特定上下文中有某些不言而喻的成分，可省掉整个as/than从句。
The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper. (than those in this shop), but (they are) not as good (as those in this shop).
（8）状语从句中并列结构的省略
在复合句中，如两个并列的状语从句只是从属连词不同，其它相同时，则可省略一个状语从句，而把两个从属连词连接起来。
They will be arriving either before (the film begins) or after the film begins.
5）虚拟语气条件句中if的省略.
与If引导的条件从句中含有were, had时，可将if省略, 并用倒装结构。
Were I you , I wouldn’t go with him.
状语从句中的省略问题
状语从句中的省略问题
用作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可置于句首、句末或句中，一般来说，状语从句都比较完整。但是，在一些状语从句中存在的省略问题，可以归纳为以下两点：
1. when, while, if, as if, although / though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等引导的从句中，如果其谓语为be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和be可省略。有时从句的主语为it时，也可省略it或从句中的有关成分。如：
①When (I am) in trouble, I always turn to my classmates for help. 遇到麻烦时，我总是找同学帮忙。
②If(it is) possible, this machine can be fixed at once.可能的话，这台机器会立即修好。
③When(water is) pure, water is a colourless liquid. 水清时，是无色的液体。
④When(it is) necessary, you can help us to do something.必要时，你可以帮我们做点儿事。
2. than, as, no matter what /who等后面成分的省略。如：
①We do not use more materials than (it is) necessary.我们不用过多的材料。
②We go by way of Beijing as (it was) originally planned.我们按原计划途经北京。
③He is much better today than (he was) when I wrote to you last year. 他今天比我去年给你写信时好多
1. —Did Jack come back early last night?
—Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock _______ he arrived home.
A. before
B. when
C. that
D. until
2. You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again. [NMET 1999]
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. what
3. Give children the space to voice their opinions, ______ they are different from your own.
A. until
B. even if
C. unless
D. as though
4. I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s _____ I have to wait.
A. in case
B. so that
C. in that
D. as if
5. The old tower must be saved, ________ the cost.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. wherever
6. It would be worth trying ______ you can not succeed at once.
A. unless
B. whether
C. as though
D. even though
7. This set of furniture can last for several generations ______ properly protected.
A. that
B. although
C. if
D. and
8. Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process ______ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.
A. until
B. but
C. unless
D. for
Key: 1-4 BBBA 5-8 BDCD
英语语法省略句 省略句 1)不定式在love, mean, want, like, wish, expect, try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem等动词后面 2)在happy，glad，eager，ready，willing等形容词后面。 1.---will you join us? --- I should love to(join you). 2.I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to(s ee the film). 3.--- Would you like to go with us? --- Yes, I’m glad to(go with you) 4.He doesn’t get up early as he used to. (get up) 注意: 如果不定式中含有be, have(助动词), have been, 通常保留be, have(助动词), have been. 1.--- Are you a sailor? --- No, but I used to be. 2.---He hasn’t finished yet. ---well, he ought to have. 1. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? —Not at all, ________ . (NMET 1995) A. I have no time B. I'd rather not C. I‘d like it D. I'd be happy to 2. —Does your brother intend to study German? —Yes, he intends ________ . (NMET 1998上海卷)
省略句的基本情况总结 省略句的基本情况分为以下三个方面： 1.为避免重复而进行的省略。 当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。例如：He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打篮球时受了伤。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他虽然身体还很虚弱，但他非常努力地工作。 2.语法上的省略。 有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如：He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二岁。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。 3.习惯用法上的省略。 有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略：Very easy?很简单吗？// Feeling unwell? 感觉不舒服吗？ 又如以what, how或why开头的某些问句：What (happened) next?下面要发生什么？// Why not?为什么不？// Why so?为什么这样？ ［考题1］He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many ［答案］ C ［解析］下划线处之前的but决定了只能选择具有否定含义的选项C。题干中的“few good ones”为省略句形式，单独看起来不好理解，应联系上文理解为“He has made few good films.” 1. ____ and I’ll get the work finished. A. Have one more hour B. One more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
文言句式之省略句 句子中省略某一词语或某种成分的现象，是古今共有的。不过，文言里这种现象更突出，而且按照现代汉语习惯，一些不能省略的成分也都省略了。 最常见的省略句有以下几种： 1.省略主语，就是把主语省略掉。 主语的省略，文言文中更为常见。主要原因之一，是文言的第三人称代词一般不独立作句子的主语。句子若是重复前边的词语又罗嗦，这样省略主语的句子自然就多了。句子中是否省略了成分，要根据上下文的意思或整个语言环境去推断。翻译时，要根据具体情况把省略成分补出来。主语的省略，可分为“承前省”“蒙后省”“对话省”等形式。如： （1）承前省 ①廉颇为赵将，（廉颇）伐齐，大破之。 ②永州之野产异蛇，（异蛇）黑质而白章，（异蛇）触草木，（草木）尽死。（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》） （2）蒙后省 ①沛公谓张良曰：“……（公）度我至军中，公乃入。”（司马迁《鸿门宴》） ②（尔）必死是间，余收尔骨焉。 （3）对话省 ①（孟子）曰：“独乐乐，与人乐乐，孰乐？”（王）曰：“不若与人。” ②樊哙曰：“今日之事何如？”良曰：“（今日这事）甚急。”（司马迁《鸿门宴》） 2.省略谓语，就是把谓语省略掉。 谓语是句子最重要的部分。无论是古代还是现代，省略谓语的情况还是比较少的。不过在文言文中，省略谓语也不是非常个别的现象。尤其是并列的句子，如果一句用了某个动词，另一句同样的动词就可以省略。有时省略的谓语需要根据上下文补出，才能不影响意思的表达。 （1）承上文谓语而省略，如： 军中无以为乐，请以剑舞（为乐）。（司马迁《鸿门宴》） 择其善者而从之，（择）其不善者而改之。（《论语》）
夫战，勇气也。一鼓作气，再（鼓）而衰，三（鼓）而竭……。（《曹刿论战》）（2）蒙下文谓语而省略，如： 杨子之邻人亡羊，既率其党（追之），又请杨子之竖追之。 （3）共喻省略，即根据上下文一看便会明白省略的是什么。如： ①及左公下厂狱，史朝夕（俟）狱门外。（方苞《左忠毅公逸事》） ②后公改（任）两广，太监泣别，赠大珠四枚。 3.省略宾语：文言文中省略动词和介词后的宾语是比较普遍的，所省多是代词“之”。 （1）省略动词后的宾语，如： 项伯乃夜驰之沛公军，私见张良，具告（之）以事。 （2）省略介词后的宾语，如： 成视，庞然修伟，自增惭怍，不敢与（之）较。 4.省略兼语：“使、命、令”这类动词的宾语常兼作后边一个主谓词组的主语，这个词就称作兼语。现代汉语的兼语一般不能省略，文言里的兼语却往往被省略，所省多是代词“之”。如： 不如因而厚遇之，使（之）归赵。 5.省略介词：古文中常常省略介词“于”，还有介词“以”“自”等，这些介词与后面的宾语组成介词结构，当这个介词结构作补语时，这个介词常常被省掉。 （1）省略介词“于”，如：荆州之民附操者，逼（于）兵势耳。（司马光《赤壁之战》）（2）省略介词”以”，如：试与他虫斗，虫尽靡；又试之（以）鸡，果如成言。 另外，介词“自”也可省略，如：或王命急宣，有时朝发（自）白帝，暮到江陵。（郦道元《三峡》） 6、介词和介词宾语的省略，例如： ①死马且买之（以）五百金，况生马乎？（战国策·千金市马） ②臣与将军戮力而攻秦，将军战（于）河南，臣战（于）河北。（司马迁《鸿门宴》） ③试与他虫斗，（他）虫尽靡。又试之（以）鸡，果如臣言。（蒲松龄《促织》） ④此人一一为（之）具言所闻。（陶渊明《桃花源记》）
高考英语新省略句知识点难题汇编含答案(5) 一、选择题 1．Money is a needful and precious thing, and when ______, a noble thing, but I never want you to think it is the first or only prize to strive for. A．well used B．well using C．to well use D．being well used 2．Tom told the news to everybody in the classroom. Why didn’t you tell him _______? A．not to be done B．not do it C．not to D．do not to 3．Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 4．The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent. A．find B．finding C．to find D．found 5．Though ________ of the danger, Mr. Brown still risked his life to save the boy in the fire. A．having told B．being told C．to be told D．told 6．Friendship is like money, easier made than ______. A．being kept B．to be kept C．keeping D．kept 7．The text and dialogues below focus on cultural differences between Chinese and Western societies which can create misunderstanding if ______. A．ignore B．to be ignored C．ignoring D．ignored 8．Our tutor would listen to us reading our essays aloud, but rarely, ________, commented on them. A．if ever B．if any C．if possible D．if anything 9．Mimosa, 15 cm in height, is a sensitive small plant, which will close when ______. A．touching B．touched C．is touched D．to be touched 10．Fear is one of the many enemies hidden inside us, and if _____ uncontrolled, it can destroy our lives. A．leaving B．left C．having left D．to be left 11．What do you feel when _______ to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call? A．leaving talking B．left talking C．being leaving talking D．being left talking 12．Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if in large quantities. A．to be consumed B．to consume C．consuming D．consumed 13．—Hi, are you a student of this University?
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的成分, 有时出于修辞上的需要, 在句中并不出现,这种句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences,这种语法现象称为“省略”（ellipsis or leaving words out。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分, 但仍能表达其完整的意义。 省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences，这种语法现象称为“省略”（ellipsis or leaving words out。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。 省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。“省略”不但是一种“以无为有”的最简便的表达方法，而且也是一种简便至极，“虽无胜有”的修辞手段。 如果弄不清一句中哪些部分省略了，就可以产生误解或歧义。 下面从翻译角度谈谈一些比较特殊的省略。 一、原文“空缺”，译文“增补” 两个主语不同的句子，谓语有相同部分， 也有不同部分，如果用连词连接起来进行对比，则其相同部分在后面分 句中可以省略，这样，后面分句中就出现“空缺”现象。“空缺”处通常被 省略的是动词，或动词及其宾语、补足语等。汉译时不妨采用“补齐”的 方法。例如： A sound must be heard，a colour seen，a flavour tasted， an odour inhaled．，颜色必须目视，滋味必须口尝，气味必须鼻吸。（后 三句省略must be）Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend．；数学使人精细；逻辑和修辞使人善辩。（原文 后两句省略make men） 二、英语状语从句中的省略部分可不译 than引出的比较从句中，套有when引导的时间从句或if引导的条件从句，而且该比较从句中的省略部分与整个句子的主要结构一致时则比较从句的省略部分可省略不译。例如： My uncle is better than when I wrote to我伯父的身体比我上次给你去信时好些了（．．．than后面省略了he was） 三、对英语中一些特殊省略结构译法需灵活，指的是按正常语法规则分析，有的无法增补，有的要用不同的方式来增补，使之成为完全句。因此，汉译英时，视上下文加以灵活处理。 1．“宾语＋主语＋谓语……and ＋谓语”结构 其中and连接的，是用作不同成分的同一个词，这个词既是第一分句的宾语，又是第二分句的主语。此结构的特点是，把宾语提到句首，使之兼任后一分句的主语，达到简化句子结构的目的。汉译时，可仍先译宾语，不必改变原文的语序。例如： This substance we call water，and come next only to oxygen．这种物质称为水，其重要性仅次于氧。（＝We call this substance water，and this substance comes next only to oxygen．） 2．以“Hence ＋名词”开头的结构 hence是表示结果意义的连接副词，hence前面的句子表示原因，hence后面则省略了类似come的动词。它是倒装句。例如： Hence（comes）this instruction of the experiment因此，有这本实验说明书。 3．某些常用词组引导的省略疑问句，通常不需要写出其省略部分。例如： How（is it）about the result？结果怎么样呢？ 4．由习语组成的省略结构 So much is for the foundry processes．工艺过程的内容就是这些。（＝Enough has been said or done about．．．；That is all we'll say about...） Now for the sound-wave method．现在谈谈风波方法。（＝And we will now talk about．．．） The
2019 小升初英语语法省略句知识点：空缺与增补 小升初英语语法省略句知识点：空缺与增补 两个主语不同的句子，谓语有相同部分，也有不同部分，如果用 连词连接起来实行对比，则其相同部分在后面分句中能够省略，这样，后 面分句中就出现“空缺”现象。“空缺” 处通常被省略的是动词， 或动词及其宾语、补足语等。汉译时不妨采用“补齐”的方法。例如： A sound must be heard ，a colour seen ，a flavour tasted ， an odour inhaled.，颜色必须目视，滋味必须口尝，气味必须鼻吸。( 后三句省略 must be) Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend. ；数学使人精细；逻辑和修辞 使人善辩。( 原文后两句省略make men) 注意 than 引出的比较从句中，套有 when引导的时间从句或 if 引导的条 件从句，而且该比较从句中的省略部分与整个句子的主要结构一致时则 比较从句的省略部分可省略不译。例如： My uncle is better than when I wrote to 我伯父的身体比我上 次给你去信时好些了(...than 后面省略了he was) 灵活使用 对英语中一些特殊省略结构译法需灵活，指的是按正常语法规则 分析，有的无法增补，有的要用不同的方式来增补，使之成为完全句。 所以，汉译英时，视上下文加以灵活处理。 1.“宾语 +主语 +谓语 and + 谓语”结构 其中 and 连接的，是用作不同成分的同一个词，这个词既是第一分 句的宾语，又是第二分句的主语。此结构的特点是，把宾语提到句
高中英语省略句讲练 为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis） 种类例句说明 主语的省略 Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day, isn’t it? Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea. 有时也可省略整个句子的 主语和谓语，只保留次要 成分。 She was poor but (she was honest. --Did you know anything about the accident? --Not until you told me. (= I didn’t know anything about it until you told me. 谓语的省略 --what do you think made Mary so upset?
--Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset. 状语从句的省略Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane, the house looks like tiny toys. If (it is possible, I’ll go there with you. 注意状语从句中的主语同 主句主语的一致性。 不定式的省略 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street. --Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? --I was going to (come yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor. 若不定式后面是完成时， 省略时应保留have；不定 式后含有动词be的结构 时，也要保留be动词。 --Did you tell him the news? --I ought to have (told him the news, but I didn’t know how to speak. --Are you an engineer? --No, but I want to be.
省略句（elliptical sentences ） 定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。 省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断 一、哪些部分可以省略 （一）省略单词 1、省略介词 He spe nt four hours （in） going over his less ons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish （for） five years. 我已学五年英语了。 2、省略连词 I believe （that） you will succeed . 我相信你们会成功的。 It ' s a pity （that） he ' s leaving.他要走，真遗憾。 I ' m sure （that） she will help you.我肯定她会帮你的。 3、省略关系代词 I ' ll give you all （that） I have.我要把我所有的一切都给你。 He read the book （which） I got yesterday.他看过我昨天买的书了。 二、省略句子成分 1、省略主语 Beg your pardon.（我）请你原谅。（Beg前省略了主语I ） Take care!当心！（Take前省略了主语you ） Looks as if it will rain.看起来象要下雨。（Looks前省略了主语it ） 2、省略谓语 Who next?该谁了？（Who后面省略了谓语comes ） The river was deep and the ice thin. （ice 后面省略了was ） We ' ll do the best we can.我们将尽力而为。（can后面省略了动词do ） 3、省略表语 Are you ready? Yes, I am.你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（ am后面省略了ready ） He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth.他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ） 4、省略宾语 Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash和dry后面省略 了宾语dishes ） 5、省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest 后面省 略了定语of the money ） 6、省略状语 He was not hurt. Strange!他没有受伤，真奇怪！（Strange前面省略了状语how ） 二、什么句式中可以省略 1. 简单句中的省略: 在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语
高考英语新省略句知识点难题汇编及答案解析(4) 一、选择题 1．When________, the museum will be open to the pulic next year. A．to be completed. B．completing C．being completed D．completed 2．However frequently , the textbook play acted by my classmates still interests us every year. A．performed B．performing C．to be performed D．being performed 3．The flowers he bought will die unless every day. A．watered B．watering C．being watered D．to water 4．If the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. A．giving B．give C．given D．being given 5．I decide I will not attend her birthday party ________. A．if inviting B．when inviting C．unless invited D．while invited 6．—Frequent lack of breakfast does harm to health. — , why do you always do that? A．So what B．If so C．If any D．Even so 7．Don’t ______ in the exam while _______ an exam. A．calm, take B．cheat, taking C．list, taking D．ignore, take 8．Lei Feng was a person who was only too ready to help others, seldom ________, refusing them when they turned to him. A．if never B．if ever C．if not D．if any 9．Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands. A．to leave B．leaving C．leave D．left 10．—Hi, are you a student of this University? —No, but I ________. A．want to B．want to be C．want so D．want it 11．Money is a needful and precious thing, and when ______, a noble thing, but I never want you to think it is the first or only prize to strive for. A．well used B．well using C．to well use D．being well used 12．Jerry has promised to keep the secret, so he won't tell anyone even though . A．asking to B．to be asked C．to ask D．asked to 13．Unless______, this law will make life difficult for farmers.
英语省略句的用法-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
省略句的基本情况总结 省略句的基本情况分为以下三个方面： 1.为避免重复而进行的省略。 当一个句子中有两个或更多相同的词、短语出现时，其中的第一个须保留，其余的往往省略，以达到避免重复、使句子简练的目的。高考中尤其要注意的情况是：当时间状语从句、地点状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致并含有be时，往往将该状语从句中的主语和be一同省略。例如： He hurt himself while (he was) playing basketball.他在打篮球时受了伤。// He works very hard though (he is) still rather weak.他虽然身体还很虚弱，但他非常努力地工作。 2.语法上的省略。 有些成分的省略是出于语法上的原因——使表述更为简明，例如：He got up at six (o’clock).他六点钟起床。// He is twelve (years old).他十二岁。// I walked (for) ten miles.我走了十英里路。 3.习惯用法上的省略。 有些省略句的情况是出于习惯用法，尤其是在口语中。例如，在问句中be常常省略，有时连主语一起省略： Very easy?很简单吗？// Feeling unwell? 感觉不舒服吗？ 又如以what, how或why开头的某些问句： What (happened) next?下面要发生什么？// Why not?为什么不？// Why so?为什么这样？ ［考题1］ He has made a lot of films, but ____ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many ［答案］ C ［解析］下划线处之前的but决定了只能选择具有否定含义的选项C。题干中的“few good ones”为省略句形式，单独看起来不好理解，应联系上文理解为“He has made few good films.” 1. ____ and I’ll get the work finished. A. Have one more hour B. One more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour
省略句（elliptical sentences） 定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。 省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断 一、哪些部分可以省略 （一）省略单词 1、省略介词 He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years. 我已学五年英语了。 2、省略连词 I believe (that) you will succeed ．我相信你们会成功的。 It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving. 他要走，真遗憾。 I ' m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她会帮你的。 3、省略关系代词 I ' ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。 He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。 二、省略句子成分 1、省略主语 Beg your pardon. （我）请你原谅。（Beg 前省略了主语I ） Take care! 当心！（Take 前省略了主语you ） Looks as if it will rain. 看起来象要下雨。（Looks 前省略了主语it ） 2、省略谓语 Who next? 该谁了？（Who 后面省略了谓语comes ） The river was deep and the ice thin. （ice 后面省略了was ） We ' ll do the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。（can 后面省略了动词do ） 3、省略表语 Are you ready? Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（am 后面省略了ready ） He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ） 4、省略宾语 Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash 和dry 后面省略了宾语dishes ） 5、省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest 后面省略了定语of the money ） 6、省略状语 He was not hurt. Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪！（Strange 前面省略了状语how ） 1. 的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。如省略主语 （1）Looks like rain. （it） （2）Hope to hear from you soon. (I)
详解高中英语中省略句的问题 莎士比亚曾经说过：Brevity is the soul of wit. （言以简为贵）。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）。 一、省略的目的 省略多见于非正式的文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种十分普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的： A．避免重复，减少累赘。 省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。 Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是第二天他并没有来学校看我。 -- Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是他并没有来。(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁多了)— What did he want yesterday 他昨天要了什么 —An apple. 一个苹果。（如果回答时说出全文“He wanted an apple yesterday”，便显得别扭，不自然） B．连接紧密，结构紧凑。 省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。 John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998. 约翰是1994年的获胜者，鲍勃是1998年的获胜者。（Bob后省略了was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑） In some places we stopped in tents for the night, in other places in caves. 我们在有些地方住在帐篷里过夜，在有些地方住在山洞里。（in other places 后省略了主语和谓语we stopped for the night，上下文连接更加紧密） 省略： 回答问题要简洁，并列重复需省略。祈使主语常省略，比较than后需省略。宾从表从that勿省略。前后出现同一词，习惯表达需省略。 C．强调重点，突出信息。 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息。 Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud. 真理讲话声太低，虚伪讲话声太高。（后一分句省略谓语speaks，突出了too loud） — Have you told him that 你把那告诉他了吗 — Not yet. 还没有呢。(= I have not told him that yet. 强调not yet ) 二、可省略的成分 省略大致可归纳为功能词的省略和语法结构上的省略两种。在很多情况下，这两种省略存在着交*的关系，即有时既是功能词的省略，同时又是语法结构上的省略。 A．功能词的省略 功能词指的是没有完整意义，但有语法意义的词，如冠词、介词、助动词等。英语句子结构的简洁，首先表现在功能词的省略上。 1．冠词的省略 They elected John (the) monitor of the class. 他们选约翰当班长。
第八讲省略句的翻译 The translation of elliptical sentences Complete sentences in Chinese translated into English elliptical sentences 1. 要注意你的一言一行。 Mind your p’s and q’s. 2. 你是傻子？你才一点不傻呢！ You foolish? Not a bit of it. Chinese elliptical sentences translated into English elliptical sentences 1.必要的话，我可以马上离开。 If necessary, I’ll be leaving at once. 2. 遇到困难，可找我帮助。 When in trouble, turn to me for help. Chinese elliptical sentences translated into English complete sentences 1.大伙劝他歇歇，他不。 They all advised him to have a rest, but he wouldn’t listen. 课堂练习 1. 好久不见了。 2. 怎么啦？小伙子！找下个对象没有？ 3. 怕不能去。 4. 他有自己的打算，但不愿意向别人谈论。 5. 多年来一直喝这种苦药，我真是喝够了。 6. “她怎么啦？” 又饿又急，昏过去了。 7. 这件事你不懂，就别在操心了。 8. 她找着了就送过来。 9. 妈不像您，见钱就忘了命。 10．严重吗？不，只是胃有点疼。一定是吃多了。 1. 好久不见了。 I haven’t seen you for ages. Long time no see 2. 怎么啦？小伙子！找下个对象没有？ What about it young man? Have you found yourself a girl yet? How are you doing, young man/lad? Have you found a girl friend yet?/a girl friend for you would-be wife?/a girl friend after your heart?/a partner
高考英语新省略句知识点难题汇编附答案解析(3) 一、选择题 1．When________, the museum will be open to the pulic next year. A．to be completed. B．completing C．being completed D．completed 2．Alcohol can damage the liver and do great harm if in large quantities. A．to be consumed B．to consume C．consuming D．consumed 3．However frequently , the textbook play acted by my classmates still interests us every year. A．performed B．performing C．to be performed D．being performed 4．Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 5．The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent. A．find B．finding C．to find D．found 6．Our bedroom ________ 8 metres across, if ________ in metres. A．is measured; measured B．is measured in; measuring C．measures; measured D．measures in; measuring 7．Some of you may have finished the text. _______, you can go on to the next. A．If ever B．If so C．If possible D．If not 8．---Are you a teacher? ---No, but I ________. A．used to B．was used to C．used to be D．used to do 9．Friendship is like money, easier made than ______. A．being kept B．to be kept C．keeping D．kept 10．It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine. ________, we’d better take it to the garage immediately. A．Otherwise B．If not C．But for that D．If so 11．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________. A．if not managed carefully B．if are not managed carefully C．unless not managed carefully D．unless are not managed carefully 12．I wonder if the Chinese Football National Team will be able to take part in the World Cup in South Africa in 2010, and ___, I would drink beer with friends for a whole night.