四级试题2015
Model Test One
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions ：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours wants to buy a book, which book would you like to recommend to him/her and why?
Moment in Peking
①Provided that a foreign friend of mine would like to buy a book，I will highly recommend to him or her Moment in Peking，②a masterpiece presenting China of the early 20th century.
③I have three major reasons for the recommendation. ④To start with, featuring the traditional Chinese culture, this book perfectly introduces Chinese customs，such as the translation of many spring couplets as well as detailed description of marriages and funerals. ? In addition, the complicated interpersonal relationships within the same family and delicate emotional connections enable the characters to be vivid in the mind of readers. ⑥Equally important, the book is written by Lin Yutang, a knowledgeable and distinguished writer in China.
⑦To sum up, Moment in Peking, giving a powerful demonstration of China in the early 20th century, is a best introduction to the Chinese culture.⑧This book will provide you with a deep insight into the local and unique Chinese customs and people.
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. A) Use the woman’s mobile phone.
B) Buy a mobile phone.
C) Borrow some change.
D) Use a pay phone.
2. A) She forgets what they have done.
B) She has been sick.
C) She will help the man.
D) She missed some classes.
3. A) It is very boring.
B) It is very difficult.
C) It is very special.
D) It is very wonderful.
4. A) She doesn’t want to help the man.
B) She can’t fix the computer.
C) She can’t send the e-mails now.
D) She doesn’t know how to send e-mails.
5. A) Fix the power plug.
B) Figure out the sound problem.
C) Press the play button again.
D) Make some sound.
6. A )f She won’t have dinner until finishing the report.
B) She is too busy to have dinner with them.
C) She doesn’t want to have dinner tonight.
D) She won’t finish the report until tomorrow.
7. A) Having a rest.
B) Going on with the work.
C) Waiting another minute.
D) Eating some snacks.
8. A) It is very interesting.
B) It is very easy.
C) It is very boring.
D) It is very difficult.
ACDCB BAD
Part II Listening Comprehension
1. M: Hi, Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the pay phone.
W: Pay phone? Why not use my mobile phone? Here you are.
Q: What would the man most probably do?
A) Use the woman’s mobile phone.
2. M: I’m quite worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.
W: I’ll try to bring you up today on what we have done.
Q: What does the woman mean?
C) She will help the man.
3. M: Prof. White’s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake.
W: How could you sleep through it? It’s one of the best that I’ve heard on this topic.
Q: What does the man think of Prof. White’s presentat ion?
D) It is very wonderful.
4. M: Jessica, could you send these e-mails to all the club members?
W: Sorry, the computer broke down this morning. I will do it for you as soon as I have fixed the computer.
Q: What does the woman imply?
C) She can’t send the e-mails now.
5. M: Did you check the power plug and press the play button?
W: Yes, the power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn’t come through. Q: What was the woman probably trying to do?
B) Figure out the sound problem.
6. M: Jane，would you like to have dinner with us this evening?
W: Oh，thank you for asking me. Yd love to，but I have to finish my report tonight.
Q: What does the woman mean?
B) She is too busy to have dinner with them.
7. M: I think we’ve covered everything. What about a cup of coffee before we move on to the next
item? Good idea. I really can’t wait another minute.
Q: What does the woman suggest doing?
A) Having a rest.
8. M: You took an optional course this semester, didn’t you? How is it going?
W: Terrible! It seems like the more the professor talks，the less I understand.
Q: How did the man feel about the course?
D) It is very difficult.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) It has changed the flavor.
B) It is spicy as usual.
C) It is too expensive.
D) It sells western food.
10. A) The Italian restaurant.
B) The Indian restaurant.
C) The Chinese restaurant.
D) The Thai restaurant.
11. A) The man and the woman will not eat out.
B ) The man and the woman will go Dutch.
C) The man will pay for the dinner.
D) The woman will pay for the dinner.
ABD
Conversation One !
M: Do you want to go out for dinner tonight?
W: Sure. Have you got anywhere in mind?
M: I’m starving, so maybe we could go somewhere with large portions.
W: That Italian restaurant in the city centre always has large portions. Do you want to go there?
M: I’m not really in the mood for Italian，actually. I was thinking of something a bit spicy.
W: If you want spicy food，then Yd recommend going to a Thai，Indian or Chinese restaurant. (9) How about that Chinese restaurant on Cowley Road?
M: (9) I really like that restaurant；you get a lot for your money there. But，they’ve westernized their food，so it’s not actually that spicy.
W: You’re right. Most of their dishes have sweet sauces. (10) We could try that Indian restaurant just down the road from us.
M: The Taj? They’re a bit expensive, but they do serve large portions of very hot food. !
W: 10) The Taj it is then.
M: Shall we bring our own bottle of wine to save some money?
W: The y’ll still charge us for opening a wine bottle.
M: That’s right. It’ll probably work out to be about the same then anyway.
W: Don’t worry about money. I’ll treat you tonight.
M: Are you sure? We could go Dutch.
W: No, (11) I’ll pay. It’s my turn anyway. Y ou paid last time.
M: I won’t argue with that! Let’s go!
9. What does the man say about the Chinese restaurant on Cowley Road?
A) It has changed the flavor.
10. Which restaurant will the speakers probably go to?
B) The Indian restaurant.
11. What can be inferred from the conversation?
D) The woman will pay for the dinner.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Job hopping.
B) Putting up a notice.
C) Travelling by plane.
D) Learning a foreign language.
13. A) It has a small size.
B) It will fire some employees.
C) It will give him a promotion.
D) It is an overseas company.
14. A) He will learn English for it.
B) He will work in another country.
C) He will travel a lot.
D) He will get a much higher salary.
15. A) Recommend her to his new company.
B) Give her some advice on her work.
C) Get her promoted to be the manager.
D) Write her a letter of recommendation.
ABCD
Conversation Two
M: Amelia, you seem very busy now. But I do have something to tell you. Could you spare a few minutes?
W: Sure. What do you need?
M: Well，I wanted to let you know that (12) I’ve put in my notice.
W: Really? Why?
M: It s complicated. But basically it boils down to one thing. (13) This company is downsizing and I c an’t continue working for a company that may let me go.
W: But surely they won’t fire you! You’re one of the most experienced managers here!
M: Well，to be honest, there’s another reason. (12) I，ve got a better offer.
W: Well，that’s great news! Congratulat ions! Where will you be located?
M: The head office is in New York, (14) but I’ll be dealing with overseas companies and flying to this side of the world from time to time.
W: It'll be sad to see you go，but it sounds like you’ve found yourself a great oppo rtunity.
M: I have. I feel lucky. I look forward to dealing with overseas companies and at the same time having chance to use English more.
W: I'm sorry to bring this up, (15) but would it be possible for you to write me a letter of recommendation before you go?
M: Of course I can. In fact, if there are other job opportunities at this new company, I’ll recommend
you personally.
W: Thanks. I appreciate that.
12. What are the speakers talking about?
A) Job hopping.
13. What does the man say about his current company?
B) It will fire some employees.
14. What does the man say about his new job?
C) He will travel a lot.
15. What will the man do for the woman next?
D) Write her a letter of recommendation.
Section B Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They only receive money from businesses.
B) They offer people news and entertainment.
C) They are run by the government
D) They are mainly for education
17. A) They are not as popular as before.
B) They are developing faster and faster.
C) They are replaced by new media.
D) They are controlled by more owners.
18. A) Televisions have got wires.
B) Broadcast television uses public airwaves.
C) Cable television has gained popularity.
D) Television programs are not paid any more.
19. A) American people get more news and entertainment than before.
B) There has been a considerable change in American media.
C) Cable television has already taken place of traditional television.
D) Business has controlled public media in America.
BACB
Passage One
16. Americans get some of their news and entertainment from public television and radio. These public media receive money to operate from private citizens，organizations and government. Many of their programs are educational.
But most of the American media are run by businesses for profit. These privately owned media have changed greatly in recent years. (17) Newspapers, magazines and traditional broadcast television organizations have lost some of their popularity. At the same time，online，cable and satellite media have increased in numbers and strength.
In general, more media than ever now provide Americans with news and entertainment. At the same time, fewer owners control them. Huge companies have many holdings. In some areas, one company controls such of the media.
(18) One dramatic change in American media is the increased success of cable television. It comes into most homes over wires. It does not use the public airwaves，as broadcast television does. Like broadcast television. most cable television programs include sales messages. This is true
although people must pay to see cable television in their homes.
Thirty years ago，few people had cable. Today，about 68 percent of American homes have cable television. Television by satellite also is gaining popularity. Over the years, traditional broadcast organizations have tried to appeal to as many watchers as possible.
16. What do we learn about the public media?
B) They offer people news and entertainment.
17. How are traditional media in America now?
A) They are not as popular as before.
18. What is the remarkable change in American media?
C) Cable television has gained popularity.
19. What does the speaker mainly talk about
B) There has been a considerable change in American media.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A) People do not read as much as before.
B) People are tired of the old reading materials.
C) People have more choices in reading.
D) People do not have enough time to read.
21. A) Women used to read more than men.
B) Men have a better taste in reading than women.
C) Women read more than before but men don’t.
D) Men do not read as much literature as women.
22. A) Young adults read more than before.
B) Children read more than adults.
C) Older people read more literature than before.
D) Older people read more than young adults.
ADC
Passage Two
Reading is a permanent topic for those highly civilized countries. Americans have read a lot in recent weeks about a study. It shows that for the first time in modem history, fewer than half of the adults in the country read literature.
A federal agency that gives money to the arts announced the findings. The National Endowment for the Arts is the official arts organization of the United States government.
20. The report says 47 percent of American adults read novels，short stories，plays or poetry. That was down ten percentage points from 20 years earlier.
The study is called “ Reading at Risk ：A S urvey of Literary Reading in America. ” The Census Bureau，the agency that collects facts about the population, did the study.
Researchers asked 17，000 people about their reading. The people could define literature however they wanted. It could be any kind of fiction，poetry or play. It could include works like love stories，mysteries or science fiction.
21. Women read more literature than men. But the research shows that men and women are both
reading less and less.
20 years ago, people between the ages of 18 and 44 read more literature than any other age groups. (22) But the new study shows an increasingly sharp loss of interest in reading among young adults. Researchers say the only people who read more literature were those aged 65 and older.
20. What do we learn about reading in America?
A) People do not read as much as before.
21. What is the difference about men’s and women’s reading?
D) Men do not read as much literature as women.
22. What do we know about the reading situation among different age groups?
C) Older people read more literature than before.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A) They offer a chance for children to make friends.
B) Children from poor families can’t join them.
C) Children have to stay outside overnight.
D) Only children above 6 are allowed to join them.
24. A) Children stay there for one day and one night.
B) The time period ranges from 1 week to 8 weeks.
C) The cost is up to 700 dollars totally.
D) 4-year-olds are able to attend it.
25. A) It earns money from the students.
B) It organizes summer camps.
C) It raises money from common people.
D) It is in New York Slate
ABC
Passage Three
Traditional American summer camps offer young people a chance to play many sports. These camps may be in the mountains. Or they may be in the woods，or at a lake. Other camps teach activities like painting or music. Or they teach computer programming or foreign languages. (23) Children at all kinds of camps meet new friends. They learn new skills and develop independence.
Some children go to camp during the day and return home at night. These places are called day camps. Children as young as 4 years old attend day camps. Others stay at camp all day and all night. Most children who attend overnight camp are between the ages of about 6 and 16.
(24) Children stay at an overnight camp for between 1 and 8 weeks. Parents can pay at least 100 dollars a week for an overnight camp. Or they can pay as much as 700 dollars a week.
Children from poor families might not have a chance to attend summer camp. There are some organizations to deal with this problem. The Fresh Air Fund is a well-known organization that gives children in New York City that chance. (25) People around the country give money to support the Fresh Air Fund. Each summer, it serves about 10,000 poor children from the city. It sends them to stay with families in the country or to 5 camps in New York State.
23. What do we learn about traditional American summer camps?
A) They offer a chance for children to make friends.
24. What do we learn about the overnight camp?
B) The time period ranges from 1 week to 8 weeks.
25. What do we learn about the Fresh Air Fund?
C) It raises money from common people.
Section C
Businesses are structured in different ways to meet different needs. The 26 form of business is called an individual or sole business. The businessman owns all of the property of the business and is 27 everything. For legal purposes，with this kind of business，the owner and the company are the same. This means the businessman gets to keep all of the profits of the business, but must also 28 .
Another kind of business is the partnership. Two or more people go into business together. An 29 is usually needed to decide how much of the partnership each person controls. One kind of partnership is called a limited liability (责任)partnership. These have full partners and limited partners. Limited partners may not share as much in the profits，but they also have less responsibility for the business. Doctors，lawyers and 30 often form partnerships to share their risks and profits.
A husband and wife can form a business partnership together. Partnerships 31 only for as long as the owners remain alive. The same is true of individual business. But corporations are 32 to have an unlimited lifetime. A corporation is the most complex kind of business organization. Corporations can sell stock as a way to 33 . Stock represents shares of ownership in a company. Investors who buy stock can 34 their shares or keep them as long as the company is in business. A company might use some of its 35 to pay dividends (红利)as a reward to shareholders. Or the company might reinvest the money back into the business.
Section C
26. simplest 27. responsible for
28. pay any debts 29. agreement
30. accountants 31. exist
32. designed 33. raise money
34. trade 35. earnings
36-45 GFKNE OJHAC
46-55 GJAHD ICHFB
56-65 BDCDC ADCBA
“汉语热"（Mandarin fever)已成为全球语言交际系统中的一种普遍现象。据统计，目前全世界94个国家和地区开设了300多所孔子学院（Confucius Institute)和300多个孔子课堂，全球学习汉语的人数已超过4000万人。事实上，目前海外正在掀起的汉语热,一方面是由于中国经济快速发展带来的民族自信心的上升,另一方面也是全球化形势下跨文化交流需求与日俱增的效应所致。
Mandarin fever (also known as the craze for Chinese language) has become a common scene in the global language communication system. According to statistics, currently more than 300 Confucius Institu tes as well as more than 300 Confucius classrooms have been established in the world’s 94 countries and regions，and the number of people learning Mandarin in the world has been over 40 million. In fact，currently overseas is stirring up the study of Chinese language, which can be attributed to the upgrade of national confidence brought by rapid development of Chinese economy, as well as the increasing requirements of cross-cultural communication under the situation of
globalization.
Model Test Two
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions ：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Suppose a foreign friend of yours wants to .experience a traditional Chinese festival，which festival is the most interesting one you would like to introduce to him/her and why?
The Spring Festival
①If a foreign friend of mine would like to experience a traditional Chinese festival，the Spring Festival，②a fresh start of a new lunar year for all the Chinese，will be at the top of the list of my recommendation.
③There are three major reasons for my recommendation. ④To begin with，as the very first day of the first lunar month，the Spring Festival, also called Chinese New Year, is of great significance to Chinese people, for during the festival all the Chinese spare no efforts to gather at home.⑤Moreover，the special food for the festival is dumplings，which I suppose a host of foreigners desire to have a taste.⑥Last but not least, watching the Spring Festival Gala, a traditional program of CCTV, is also an indispensable part for Chinese families during the festival. Foreigners can have an in-depth understanding of China after watching the Spring Festival Gala.
⑦In conclusion, the Spring Festival is of course the most proper event for my friend to experience in terms of its unique sta?tus in Chinese culture as well as its fantastic atmosphere.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
1. A) The man is very busy.
B) The woman feels sorry.
C) The woman has troubled the man.
D) Prof. Kennedy has sleeping problems.
2. A) The woman has finished her essay.
B) The woman can’t sleep well.
C) The man is very lazy.
D) The man is good at essays.
3. A) Taking his brother there.
B) Getting up earlier.
C) Driving the car.
D) Taking another transport.
4. A) Talk to the manager herself.
B) Change something on the coat.
C) Give the man another coat.
D) Buy a new coat for the man.
5. A) Ask Mr. Robinson to cancel the appointment.
B) Explain the reason for the appointment.
C) Contact Mr. Robinson for calling off the appointment.
D) Call Mr. Robinson for another appointment.
6. A) The woman was angry with the man.
B) The man didn’t join Susan’s party.
C) The man took an exam yesterday evening.
D) The woman held a party last night.
7. A) Very hot.
C) Very cold.
B) Very cool.
D) Very mild.
8. A) Use the camera tomorrow.
B) Mend the camera tomorrow.
C) Buy a new camera today.
D) Fix the camera today.
BADCC BAD
Part II Listening Comprehension
1. M：Prof. Kennedy has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until midnight every day.
W：I wouldn’t have troubled him so much if I had known he was so busy.
Q：What do we learn from the conversation?
B) The woman feels sorry.
2. M：How a re you getting on with your essay, Mary? I’m having a real hard mine.
W：Oh well. After two sleepless nights，I’m finally through with it.
Q：What do we learn from this conversation?
A) The woman has finished her essay.
3. M: I’d like to take you to the c oncert, but my brother will use the car tonight.
W：We can go and take subway if we can go earlier.
Q：What is the woman’s suggestion to the man?
D) Taking another transport.
4. M：After all of this, I think I need to talk to the manager about it.
W：Yo u don’t have to，sir! I can exchange that coat for you.
Q：What will the woman do?
C) Give the man another coat.
5. M：Mary, would you please phone Mr. Robinson and ask him if I can cancel the appointment? W：Certainly，Tony. And I will try to explain what the problem is.
Q：What does the man want Mary to do?
C) Contact Mr. Robinson for calling off the appointment.
6. W：It was a pity you didn’t go to Susan’s party yesterday evening.
M：I would have been there，but I had to prepare for the exam.
Q：What can we learn from this conversation?
B) The man didn’t join Susan’s party.
7. M：I am thinking about what I shall wear. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow?
W：It will be mostly sunny and warm. The temperature will be as high as 30 degrees.
Q：What will the weather be tomorrow?
A) Very hot.
8. W：Sorry to bother you. Can you repair the camera today? I want to use it tomorrow.
M：Yes，it would be ready by four o’clock. Is that all right?
Q：What does the woman want the man to do?
D) Fix the camera today.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) The man has traveled by plane.
B) The man is allergic to nothing.
C) The woman is going to the meeting.
D) The woman has got a fever.
10. A) She has got a cat.
B) She helped her friend with a cat.
C) She is looking after a cat now.
D) She is allergic to cats.
11. A) Go back home.
B) Go to the meeting.
C) Send back the cat.
D) See a doctor.
ABD
Conversation One
W：You don’t look too well. Maybe you should take the day off from work.
M：I couldn’t do that. I have an important meeting to go to today.
W：Do you feel OK?
M：Not really. (9) After a 12-hour flight，I’ve got jet lag，and on top of that，I think I’ve also got t he flu.
W：Why don’t you call your secretary and tell her to reschedule the meeting? You should really get some rest or you’ll end up feeling even worse than you do now.
M：Could you feel my forehead and check to see if I have a fever?
W：You’re really hot. Let me get you some medicine to bring the fever down.
M：OK. I’ll stay home this morning and rest, but if I feel better in the afternoon, I’m going to the meeting. W: Zach, what’s that on your arm?
M：I don’t know. It looks a bit red，but I’m sure it’s nothi ng.
W：It looks like you have a red rash all over you! Are you allergic to anything?
M ：Just cats，but I don’t think I was near any cats in the last couple of weeks.
W: I completely forgot about that. (10) I took care of a cat for my friend here a few days ago. Oh no. We’d better go to the doctor and get some medicine. Let’s go.
M：Shouldn’t we make an appointment first?
W: We should, but (11) let’s just go and see if there’s an opening now before it gets worse.
M：All right!
9. What can be inferred from the conversation?
A) The man has traveled by plane.
10. What do we learn about the woman?
B) She helped her friend with a cat.
11. What are the speakers going to do next?
D) See a doctor.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) She can’t find another job.
B) She can’t cover the cost of living.
C) She can’t work as an investment adviser.
D) She can’t make up for the loss of the company.
13. A) He often tells lies.
B) He has made a big mistake.
C) He will say nothing to the boss.
D) He is a good person.
14. A) He gives some money to her.
B) He finds another job for her.
C) He offers her a place to live.
D) He buys something for her.
15. A) Surprised.
B) Disappointed.
C) Delimited.
D) Positive.
BACD
Conversation Two
W: I don’t know what I’m going to do! (12) It’s going to be impossible to make ends meet if I lose my job!
M ：Don’t worry. I don’t think you’re going to lose your job over one mistake.
W: It was a rather big mistake. When you work as an investment adviser, one small mistake can cost the company millions.
M ：But it wasn’t just you who was involved, right? You we re only doing what your supervisor told you to do.
W: That’s true,（13) but my supervisor is very dishonest. There’s no reason he needs to tell our boss
the truth. I’m sure he will tell our boss that it was all my fault, and there’s nothing I can do about that. My boss won’t believe me.
M：Let’s think realistically about what might happen. How much money do you have in your savings? W: I have enough to live off for about 3 months. But I really don’t want to spend my life savings on just living! I’d rather i nvest my money somehow.
M: Well, that’s good. If you lose your job, (14) you can just move in with me until you find another job. That will save you plenty of money.
W: That’s very generous of you. I guess that would work.
M: If you lose your job，you just have to go for a few months without buying all the things you usually buy. If you live thriftily, you’ll save plenty of money.
W: I guess working with so much money has made me rather greedy. (15) Maybe losing my job would be a good thing!
12. What does the woman worry about after losing the job?
B) She can’t cover the cost of living.
13. What does the woman say about her supervisor?
A) He often tells lies.
14. How does the man help the woman?
C) He offers her a place to live.
15. What i s the woman’s attitude towards unemployment?
D) Positive.
Section B Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They are rich enough to travel around the world.
B) They teach family traditions to their grandchildren.
C) They all live near their grandchildren’s schools.
D) They cook for their grandchildren every day.
17. A) They can instruct their children in life.
B) They need support from their children.
C) They always have some problems.
D) They wish they could live near their children.
18. A) Disappointed.
B) Terrible.
C) Enjoyable.
D) Tired.
19. A) American grandchildren.
B) American children.
C) American family.
D) American grandparents.
BACD
Passage One
(19) American grandparents are surely like any other grandparents. Millions of them love to play with their grandchildren. They buy them gifts. They read to them and prepare special foods. They take them to places. They teach them skills for later in life. And, in many cases, (16) they try to make sure
the children learn family traditions.
Some grandparents are wealthy enough to pay for travel to faraway places with their grandchildren. But others are happy to take their grandchildren to local parks. Or they might watch them perform in some event at school. That is，if they live close enough to attend.
Today, many Americans live far from their grandparents. School mental health specialist Suzy Karpel says she regrets this fact of modem life. (17) She says she often sees situations in which families need the advice md support of grandparents. Karpel says this is true especially when problems develop. This is when parents might wish most that they had a helpful grandparent nearby.
(18) If you ask grandparents how it feels to be a grandparent，most will immediately say “wonderful.” They like spending time with their grandchildren. But many will also go on to say that they like being able to return the children to their parents when the time comes.
These grandparents have already gone through the daily cares and worries of raising children. Now it is time for them to take pleasure in their grandchildren.
16. What do we learn about American grandparents?
B) They teach family traditions to their grandchildren.
17. What does Suzy Karpel say about older people?
A) They can instruct their children in life.
18. How do most grandparents feel to be a grandparent?
C) Enjoyable.
19. What does the speaker mainly talk about?
D) American grandparents.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A) It costs a lot of money each year.
B) It costs more than other things in people’s life.
C) It makes people unable to work.
D) It always causes some serious diseases.
21. A) Health care.
B) Lost productivity.
C) Cases for drinking related crimes.
D) Property damage from road accidents.
22. A) The people who drink during dinner.
B) The disease caused by drinking.
C) The cost of heavy alcohol use.
D) The money spent on drinks.
ABC
Passage Two
20. A new study has found that excessive alcohol drinking costs Americans more than 220 billion dollars a year. That amount is equal to almost two dollars a drink. But study organizer? :he biggest costs come from a loss of worker productivity.
Robert Bre wer works for America’s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a public health agency. He helped to produce a report on the study.
The researchers used findings from 2006 to examine different costs linked to heavy drinking. They looked at results from around the United States and found a lot of variation in different parts of the country.
21. Alcohol related costs include health care，the cost of trying cases for drinking related crimes and property damage from road accidents. Robert Brewer says the biggest cost is lost productivity. Many people with a drinking problem have lower paying jobs. He says they may also be less productive when they are at work.
“In addition to that，a number of people die of alcohol drinking，and many of those folks die in the prime of their life. So there is the personal tragedy there，but there is also a huge economic cost to somebody dying, for exampl e, in an alcohol related motor vehicle crash at age 35. ”
22.The researchers were mainly concerned about the cost of heavy alcohol use. The study didn’t look at the effect on individuals who drink a glass of beer or wine with dinner. Mr. Brewer says the largest costs come from over drinking when people drink a lot of alcohol in a short period of time.
20. What has the new study found about excessive alcohol drinking?
A) It costs a lot of money each year.
21. What is the biggest cost of excessive alcohol drinking according to Robert Brewer?
B) Lost productivity.
22. What does the research mainly focus on?
C) The cost of heavy alcohol use.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A) It is still the basic need of babies.
B) It is the only thing on the shopping list.
C) It is no longer bought by parents.
D) It becomes big business now.
24. A) Babies need advice more than adults do.
B) Babies are able to read books now.
C) Babies are a hot topic in magazines.
D) Babies are a source of money for companies.
25. A) Take care of babies.
B) Keep babies from danger.
C) Keep an eye on babies.
D) Offer a seat belt.
ADC
Passage Three
About four million babies are born each year in the United States. Traditionally, new parents might have read a book or two about babies. But most of their advice probably came from their own parents.
Today the newest and smallest Americans are at the heart of many industries. 23 Some needs are still the same. Babies still need milk powder. But milk powder is just one thing on the shopping list.
(24) Babies and young children are big business. They have many needs, judging by one book from Parents Magazine. The book is called “Parents Baby Gear：Everything You Need Clothe, Feed, Transport, Protect，Entertain and Care for Your Baby from Birth to Age Three. ”
There is enough advice to fill more than 170 pages, from the right clothes to the right toys to the right car safety seats. There is even advice about how to choose a three-wheeled bicycle.
Parents now have more choices of equipment to help keep their child safe. One example is the baby monitor. (25) This device lets a parent listen to a child sleeping or playing in another part of the house.
Another example is the automobile safety seat. In the past，babies often rode in the arms of adults. Or they wore adult seat belts.
Now, all 50 states require that babies under 18 months of age ride in safety seats to protect them. Some states require special seats for children up to a few years old.
23. What does the speaker say about milk powder today?
A) It is still the basic need of babies.
24. What can be inferred from Parents Magazine!
D) Babies are a source of money for companies.
25. What can a baby monitor do?
C) Keep an eye on babies.
Section C
Should girls go to school only with other girls? Is it better for boys to attend all boys’ schools；Educators at school for girls in Washington D. C. believe children in classes 26 do better, but other experts say there is no real evidence to support that idea. They believe there are other more important things that make a school 27 . Excel Academy is the first all-girl school in Washington, D. C. that is 28 operated and supported by taxpayers.
It was established in 2007 and opened its doors in 2008. of its students is Anyreah Clavijo who is 10 years old. Anyreah attended kindergarten in a classroom with boys. She says boys have more different interests than girls. She has now been at Excel for the last years and 29 it. “They would like to support me and tell me that I can do it. They make me 30 I’m loved and that I’m the smartest person in th e world, ” Anyreah said. The Excel Academyfree education to children from families without much money.
It serves more than 600 girls from preschool, the youngest children to grade five. Three meals are 32 each day. Kaye Savage established the school and 33 it as its chief executive officer. She says that when boys and girls are flight together, the teachers teach for the boys. She says boys are a little louder and much more 34 than the girls. In her opinion that makes girls second-class 35 in their own classrooms and schools.
26. of the same sex 27. effective
28. independently 29. praises
30. feel like 31. provides
32. served 33. leads
34. active 35. citizens
36-45 OFGJK NILDH
46-55 HDGBI AHECF
56-65 DBDCB DACDB
在电子书的时代，纸质书会不会消亡？电子书具有便携、环保、信息量大、可更新等诸多优势。
不可否认，.电子书极大地方便了我们的生活,但它也会消解掉很多闲情逸致。它最大的缺点就是没有了阅读纸质图书的愉悦感，带给人们视觉和心理上的疲劳。所以，电子书给我们这个时代带来了很大的便利，但是它的弊端也是显而易见的。
Would paper-book be extinct in the e-book era? E-book boasts many advantages，such as convenience. j environmental protection，large amount of information，and updateability. Admittedly，e-book greatly makes convenience for our life，but it also can eliminate much leisure. The largest defect of e-book is that it will bring readers tiredness on vision and mentality, without pleasure obtained from reading paper-books. Therefore, e-book brings us great convenience in this era, but the defects are also obvious.
Model Test Three
Writing (30 minutes)
Directions ：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on “ too much care spoils a child”. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
On “Too Much Care Spoils a Child”
①We can see from the picture that a blooming flower is being destroyed because of over-watering. People often do something with good intentions，but the result turns out to be quite different.②That too much care spoils a child is a case point.
③The problem of spoiling children is common nowadays ，which has done lots of harm to our society.④First of ，Chinese parents tend to dote on their children because my families have only one kid. Consequently，children are turning into little princesses” and “little princes” lacking in i sense of independence and responsibility.⑤What’s worse，the spoiled children depend on their parents for everything. As a result, once confronted with harsh reality, are more likely to yield to hardships and difficulties.
⑥As is discussed above，going too far is as bad as not going far enough.⑦Parents love their children by nature, t it is important to cultivate their sense of independence as 11 as their sense of responsibility rather than a habit of laziness.⑧Only in this way can they become stronger to shoulder their due responsibilities.
Part II Listening Comprehension
section A
1. A) It is really nice to change them.
B) They ought to have been changed long ago.
C) They are of wrong colors.
D) They are still quite good.
2. A) Mixed.
B) Fascinated.
C) Enthusiastic.
D) Uninterested.
3. A) Wait until the weather gets better.
B) Go to visit the park tomorrow.
C) Walk around the city right now.
D) Enjoy the snow scene in the park.
4. A) He'll start a new business in properties.
B) He has been left property there.
C) He’s made a fortune from his aunt.
D) His aunt wants his company there.
5. A) They didn’t attend the literature class.
B) They asked Prof. Lane the same question.
C) They knew the assignment of the literature class.
D) They knew the answer to the question.
6. A) He has already decided on his future plan.
B) He would consult the woman if necessary.
C) He doesn’t want to consult the woman at all.
D) He doesn’t have any idea what to do in the future.
7.A) She wants to get enough food for the holiday period.
B) The supermarket is closing down after the New Year’s Day.
C) The man is going to help her with shopping.
D) Tomorrow is the only day she is free before the New Year’s Day.
8. A) The woman is good at English and computing.
B) The woman is not capable of the job advertised.
C) The man is refusing the woman’s application.
D) English and computer skills are essential for the job.
DDABA BAD
1. M: Look! I’m going to take down those oil paintings an d put up new ones on the wall. What do you think
W: Why? What’s wrong with them? They always look splendid in our house.
Q: What does the woman think about the oil paintings?
D) They are still quite good.
2. M: You should see the new singing program on TV. It is very touching，I think. It is at 8：30 on every Friday | evening.
W: Normally I wouldn’t, but this time I would as you recommend so strongly.
Q: What is the woman’s usual attitude towards the TV program?
D) Uninterested.
3. M: The snow is going to continue tomorrow. I want to take you to see the park，but it’s too slippery for that，and it’s obvious we can’t walk around to visit the sights in the park that you’ve suggested. W: Yes. It’s a shame. But we’ll wait until we can go.
Q: What are the two speakers probably going to do?
A) Wait until the weather gets better.
4. M: Do you know Jack is going to Italy next year? His wealthy aunt has left all her property there for him to inherit.
W: What a lucky dog! I wish I could come into a fortune like that.
Q: Why is Jack going to Italy?
B) He has been left property there.
5. M: Hey, Tom, were you in the American literature class last week? I was hoping you could tell me the reading assignment given by Prof. Lane.
W: I was hoping to ask you the same question.
Q: What can we learn about the speakers?
A) They didn’t attend the literature class.
6. M: Do you have any idea what you want to do when you finish your study here in the university? W: I’m thinking about it these days. I’ll consult you if I need your advice.
Q: What does the man mean?
B) He would consult the woman if necessary.
7. M: I must go towards the supermarket this afternoon. It’s the last day it’s open before the New Year’s Day.
W: Sure，we don’t want to be out of food. Want a hand?
Q: Why is the woman going to the supermarket?
A) She wants to get enough food for the holiday period.
8. M: I’d like to apply for the position you have advertised in the newspaper yesterday. Is it still available?
W: Sure. A good command of English and computing is a must as far as the position is concerned. Q: What can we learn from the conversation?
D) English and computer skills are essential for the job.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) Do the interior decoration.
B) Make a shopping list.
C) Buy the materials.
D) Make a design of the decoration.
10. A) Make a schedule for their decoration.
B) Get everything needed purchased in one trip.
C) Be the weekend fighters through purchasing.
D) Go shopping as early as possible.
11. A) Have the interior decoration done by themselves.
B) Go shopping together to make it as expected.
C) Buy building materials at different departments.
D) Make a detailed plan and allocate the shopping list.
12. A) He thinks he is too tired to do it.
B) He does not care about it.
C) He wants to change it.
D) He agrees to it.
BBDD
Conversation One
W: What’s your plan for the interior decoration of the house we a re living in?
M：What should come first? (9) We should list the materials and tools we need to buy first.
W: As far as the shopping list is concerned, (10) I think we can get everything we need to fix up the house in one trip. Then it won’t bother us to pur chase again. What do you think?
M：We can try. It seems like everybody had the same thought when they woke up this morning：Go to the home improvement store!
W：Yeah，it will be a little bit crowded，but (10) I still think we can get all we need today.
M：(11) In order to do that, I think we need to split up. Let’s look at our list and divide it up.
W: OK, we need to get some wiring to install the new lights. I’ll go to the electrical department for that.
M: All right. We need wood for the new fence，so I’ll go to the building materials department.
W: What about the pipes and fixtures we need for the bathroom? Can you go to the piping department for those，while I go to the hardware department for the tools?
M: OK, I can do that, but aren’t you feeling tired already? I know I am. Don’t you think we should have a rest after doing those?
W：Come on. How are we supposed to be weekend fighters if we can’t even do some simple shopping? We’ll meet in the garden department afterwards, OK?
M：(12) Whatever you say.
W: Ready，set, go!
9. What should the two speakers do first?
B) Make a shopping list.
10. What do they hope to do today?
B) Get everything needed purchased in one trip.
11. How could they buy everything in one trip?
D) Make a detailed plan and allocate the shopping list.
12. What is the man’s attitude towards the woman’s arrangement?
D) He agrees to it.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13. A) It is very hot outside the room.
B) The air conditioner makes the room hot.
C) He fed the pig just now.
D) He did morning exercise just now.
14. A) It’s cool and wet.
B) It’s hot and wet.
C) It’s cool and dry.
D) It’s hot and dry.
15. A) Do the housework for her.
B) Give a winter coat to her.
C) Get her a cup of hot tea.
D) Get her a glass of iced tea.
DAC
Conversation Two
W: Wow，(14 ) it’s cool outside and it’s freezing in here! Why is the air conditioner still on? What’s the matter?
2015年12月英语四级真题及答案第一套 Part I Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying ‘Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Section A 1. They admire the courage of space explorers. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration. They were going to watch a wonderful movie. They like doing scientific exploration very much. 2. At a gift shop. At a graduation ceremony. In the office of a travel agency. In a school library. 3. He used to work in the art gallery. He does not have a good memory. He declined a job offer form the art gallery. He is not interested in any part-time jobs. 4. Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture. The woman should have informed him earlier.
2015年6月英语四级考试真题及答案(卷一完整版) 范文： Writing：家长角色 There are several possible reasons accountable for this phenomenon(中心句). T o begin with, family in growing numbers has only one child; therefore, parents oft entimes focus all their attentions on that child and exert much pressure on him o r her(原因一). Moreover, numerous parents intend to realize their unfulfilled dream s by letting their children learn what they failed to learn and apply for the colleg e by which they failed to be accepted, because they have become richer and the y believe that they have the power to make what they wanted and want come tr ue now(原因二). For instance, my uncle used to be a poor man and his dream th at one day he would become a violinist was broken because of lack of money. B ut he made a fortune by selling coals, and then forced his son, my younger brot her to practice playing violin. My brother was a huge fan of sports, but now he has to play violin everyday unwillingly and ofter quarrels with their parents(举例：原来-然后-结局). To sum up, it is unreasonable for parents to control their children’s life(总结句). In order to help them grow happily and healthily, parents are supposed to co mmunicate with their kids about what they are really interested in(建议一，目的句型). Meanwhile, it is about time that parents let their kids make their own choices
2 015年6月13日全国大学英语四级翻译真题及答案 大米 在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多数种植水稻，人们通常以大米为食；而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 In the mind of Westerners,Chinese people have the closest connection to rice,basic food for the Chinese.For a long time,rice occupies a very important position in the Chinese diet.There is even a saying that "even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice".People in south China plant and live on rice,while people in the most parts of North China cannot plant rice due to excessively dry and cold weather. The main crop there is wheat. In China, some people use flour to bake bread,while most people make steamed bread and noodles with flour. xx 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现代世界基础的许多元素起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到20年建成的一个太空站。目前，中国是世界最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。2011年，中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。 快递 据报道，今年中国快递服务（courier service）将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
2015年12月英语四级真题及答案1 Writing For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to makes something happen" You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being creative rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words, no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1.A) They admire the courage of space explorers. B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.
2015年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第一套） Part I Writing(30minutes) Directions：For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay based on the picture below.You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the kid’s understanding of going to school. You should write at least120words but no more than180words. Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B), C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre. 1.A)He will give the woman some tips on the game. B)The woman has good reason to quit the game. C)He is willing to play chess with the woman. D)The woman should go on playing chess. 2.A)The man can forward the mail to Mary. B)She can call Mary to take care of the mail.
2015年6月大学英语四级真题 四级翻译 在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食;而华北大部分地区由于过于寒冷或过于干燥无法种植水稻，那里的主
要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 In the eyes of the western, the basic food closest to China is rice. Rice has long occupied so significant a position in the diet of Chinese that there is a proverb “ Even a clever housewife cannot cook a me al without rice”. Rice is grown mostly in southern China where people usually take rice as their staple food, while it cannot be planted in northern China where the climate is either too cold or too dry for rice to grow. As a result, the main crop in the north is wheat. In China, flour is sometimes the main ingredient for bread but more often used to make buns and noodles。第一句，简单句;第二句 如此以至于结构“so... that…"注意so的用法，直接接adj.或adv。第三句南北对比，可以用while或whereas连接，最后一句也是对比句，主语people是比较泛的大主语，考虑改写为被动句。 六级翻译 中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完，中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热菜，例如肉类，鸡鸭，蔬菜等。大多数宴席上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人喜欢把喜欢西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一席，因此，牛排上桌也不少见，沙拉也已经流行起来，尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴，宴席上通常至少有一道汤，可以最先
2015年12月英语四级考试真题及答案（卷一完整版）写作： Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 听力： Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Section A 1.They admire the courage of space explorers. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration. They were going to watch a wonderful movie. They like doing scientific exploration very much. 2.At a gift shop. At a graduation ceremony. In the office of a travel agency. In a school library. 3.He used to work in the art gallery. He does not have a good memory. He declined a job offer form the art gallery. He is not interested in any part-time jobs. 4.Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.
未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册! Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and them comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. THIS MODERN LIFE: WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP 请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will bear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答 1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decision later B) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a clu b member 2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced B) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one C ) The guide books in the library have the latest information D) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver 3. A) He regrets having taken the history course B) He finds little interests in history books C) He has trouble finishing his reading assignments D) He has difficulty in writing the weekly book report 4. A) The man had better choose another restaurant B) The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating C) The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately D) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant 5. A) He has been looking forward to sping C)He will clean the woman?s boots f or spring C) He has been waiting for the winter sale D) He will help the woman put things away 6. A) At a tailor?s C) In a cloth store B) At Bob?s home D) In a theatre 7. A) His guests favors Tibetan drinks C) Mineral water is good for health B) His water is quite extraordinary D) Plain water will serve the purpose
（听力与第二套一样） 阅读理解 Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. Children do nit think the way adults do. For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight，it's out of mind. lf you cover a baby's 36 toy with a piece of cloth，the baby thinks the toy has disappeared and stops looking for it. A 4-year-old may 37 that a sister has more fruit juice when it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ，not the 38 of juice. Yet children are smart in their own way.Like good little scientists，children are always testing their child-sized 39 about how things work. When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her，and you say，"That's enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!”the child will 40 te st your claim.Are you serious?Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you 41 ;rather，she is learning that her desires and yours can differ，and that sometimes those 42 important and sometimes they are not How and why does children's thinking change?In the 1920s，Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children's cognitive (认知的) abilities unfold 43 ，like the blooming of a flower，almost independent of what else is 44 their lives.Although many of his specific conclusions have been 45 or modified over the years, his ideas inspired出ousands of studies by investigators all over the world. A) advocate E) deflnite I) irrunediately M) protest B) amount F) differences J) naturally N) rejected C) confirmed G) favorite K) obtaining O) theories D) crazy H) happening L) primarily 2.长篇阅读（匹配意思相近的选项） Section B The Perfect Essay [A] Looking back on too many years of education，I can identify one truly impossible teacher. She cared about me，and my intellectual life，even when I didn't. Her expectations were high-impossibly so. She was an English teacher. She was also my mother. [B] When good students turn in an essay，they dream of their instmctor returning .it to them in exactly the same condition，save for a single word added in仕le margin of the flnal page: "Flawless." This dream came true for me one afternoon in the ninth grade. Of course，I had heard that genius could show itself at an early age，so I was only slightly taken aback that I had achieved perfection at the tender age of 14. Obviously，I did what any professional writer would do; I hurried off to spread the good news. I didn’t get very far.The flrst person I told was my
2012年6月英语四级真题答案（完整版） On Excessive Packaging Nowadays the phenomena of excessive packaging of goods are prevailing in our society: clothes swathed in tissue paper, placed in cardboard box and finally wrapped in well-designed plastic bags, imported bottles of grape wine packed in wooden boxes, fruits put in hand-woven baskets, to name but a few. There are several causes of excessive packaging. The first reason is that a large number of companies believe that they can attract customers’ attention and stimulat e their purchasing desire by over-packaging their goods, thus gaining more profits. On the other hand, quite a number of consumers mistakenly hold that the more delicate the package is, the better the quality will be, thus encouraging excessive packaging. In my point of view, excessive packaging has disastrous consequences, including the loss of precious resources, excessive consumption of water and energy, and unnecessary extraction of scarce land for landfill. To solve the problem, it’s necessary to take the following measures. First, laws and regulations must be made to restrict excessive packaging of companies. In addition, we need to raise consumer’s awareness that excessive packaging doesn’t equal to high quality and advocate packaging recycling. 【解析】 本次作文的话题是“过度包装”，话题不断新，考生应该都比较熟悉。写好本篇作文的关键在于紧跟题目所列提纲：现象——原因——看法和建议，确定相应的写作结构。重点分析产生此现象的原因有哪些，把最重要的两三点罗列下来。最后， 根据分析出的原因提供相应的建议。 范文首段开门见山，首先一句话总结如今社会上过度包装现象盛行，而后举出一 些实例补充说明。
2015年6月大学英语四级真题及答案CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么? 题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么? 题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么? Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A. See a doctor about her strained shoulder https://www.doczj.com/doc/2310104692.html,e a ladder to help her reach the tea. C.Replace the cupboard with a new one. D.Place the tea on a lower shelf next time. 1. W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard。 M: Oh… Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder。 Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 2. A. At Mary Johnson’s B. In an exhibition hall C. At a painter’s studio. D. Outside an art gallery. 2. W: Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits。 M: That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters。 Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
2019年12月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案 2015年12月大学英语四级阅读真题及答案 【参考答案】 36、N。 saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December能够推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw。 37、F。 decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“ for the first time in the two decades”，二十年来头一次。 38、H。 globally 句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是世界范围内最温暖的一个月。” 39、D。 chances 缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoy the snow now，“享受现在的雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。 40、J。 occurs 空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs。 41、A。 specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。 42、B。 associated 空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，be associated with表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。
43、G。 experiences 空格左为主语southern Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，“南非经历着干燥的天气。 44、M。 reduce 空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。 45、K。 populations 空格与左边的large fish 共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，“大量的鱼群”。 【参考答案及解析】 61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies by culture”，所以答案选A——They are culture-related。 62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian， for example， began to wake up about a half-hour later each day”这个句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’s other late nights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much on holidays。 63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’ loss定位到倒数第二段的“compared to Germans， Italians， and the French， who stayed up around an hour and a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch the Cup”，原文的Germans，Italians， and the French就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch the Cup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。