REFORM & ECONOMY
经济与改革
_____________________________________________________________________ _________
A
a hedge against inflation [ ] n. 防止通货膨胀的措施
a prudent monetary policy [ ] n. 稳健的货币政策absolute advantage n. 绝对优势accounting n. 会计学；帐目清算；财会accountant n.会计（师）
accounting fraud [ ] n. 做假帐
bookkeeping n. 记帐
financial statement n. 财务报表acquire v. 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权
acquisition of assets [ ] n. 购置资产active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) n. 顺差(逆差) advanced technology n. 先进技术aggregate demand [ ] n. 总需求aggregate supply n. 总供给allocation of financial resources n. 金融资源配置ample supply n. 供应充裕an average annual increase n. 年均增长annual return n. 年利润anti-dumping measures n. 反倾销措施areas for the market access n. 市场准入领域asset n. 资产associate company (subsidiary / affiliate) [ ] n.联营公司（子公司、附属公司）autarky [ ] n.自给自足; 经济独立（政策、地区、国家）authorization bill n. 授权书
B
bad loans n. 不良贷款banking n. 银行业[glossary] [扩展]
investment bank n. 投资银行boom n./v.（经济）突然膨胀bottom line n. 帐本底线, 底线
brand loyalty n. 对某个牌子的忠诚度brand names n. 品牌budget n. /v. 预算budget deficit [ ] n.预算赤字budget surplus n. 预算盈余budgetary items n. 预算项目business cycle n. 商业周期business fraud n. 商业欺诈business mechanism [ ] n. 创业机制business prototype [ ] n.商业原型、商业模型C
capital n. 资本, 资金, 资产capital flow n. 资本流动
car loans n. 汽车贷款cash bonuses [ ] n. 现金奖励cash flow n. 现金流量cashier's cheque [ ] n. 本票central business district (CBD) n. 中央商务区certificated public accountant (CPA) n. 注册会计师certified business executive n. 高级商务师collect call n. 对方付费电话commerce clause n. 商业条款commercialization n. 商品化commodity [ ] n. 商品company n. 公司concern [ ] 公司，商行，康采恩（垄断组织）corporate （股份有限）公司，企业conglomerate [ ] 集团企业，跨行业大企业firm 公司，尤指合股、合伙公司enterprise 企业，公司，事业
business 工商企业，商务业务
establishment 公司, 企业，商业机构
house 商业机构; 出版公司
outfit 企业, 商业组织
venture (为赢利而进行冒险的)企业comparative advantage n. 相对优势competition and comparison n. 竞争比较competition mechanism n. 竞争机制competition n. 竞争contract n. 合同consumers' association n. 消费者协会consumer confidence n. 消费者信心consumer expectations n. 消费预期conventional industries n. 传统产业
core competitiveness n. 核心竞争力cost n. 成本
cost-effectiveness n. 成本效益cutting edge (have an edge on) n. 优势（比…有优势）D
dealer/ jobber/ broker n. 经销商/ 股票经纪人deficit spending n. 赤字开支deflation / inflation n. 通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀demand n../v. 需求demand curve n. 需求曲线deposit n./v. 定金, 保证金depreciation / appreciation n. 贬值/增值depression n. 萧条，经济不景气的一段时期designer clothing/jeans / sneakers n. 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋devaluate v. (使) 贬值discount rate n. 贴现率distribution n. 流通, 分配diversification of investment n. 投资多元化double / triple / quadruple…v./ adj./ n. 两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）E
economic aggregate [ ] n. 经济总量economic and cultural exchanges n. 经济文化交流economic belts n. 经济带economic globalization n. 经济全球化economic growth n. 经济增长economic leverage [ ] n. 经济杠杆作用economic regulation n. 经济调节economic returns n. 经济回报、经济效益economic zones n. 经济区economical adj. 节约的, 经济的economics n. 经济学economic ills n. 经济弊病economy class n. (客机) 经济舱effective Corp management n. 有效的公司管理[扩展]
“loose and tight” management 张弛有度的管理
a paragon of management virtue 管理功效的典范
consequence management 结果管理
hands-off management 疏松管理
HR (human resource) 人力资源
HR management 人力调配
performance management 业绩管理
PR (public relation) 公关
risk management 风险管理
transparency management 透明管理
the two-tier management system 双层管理体制
top-down management 自上而下的管理模式
make one's own management decisions 自主经营
managerial and technical staff 管理技术人员
managerial expertise [ ] 管理知识
effective demand n. 有效需求efficiency n. 效率，功效elasticity [ ] n. 弹性、可塑性、灵活度electronic dealing n. 电子交易electronic business (E-business) n. 电子商务
elite [ ] n. 精英emerging market n. 新兴市场employment insurance n. (EI, 旧称UI--unemployment insurance，失业保险) 就业保险金
employment rate n. 就业率employment n. 就业
engine for economic growth n. 经济增长的引擎enterprise n.企业[扩展]
corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化
corporate image(CI)/ enterprise image 企业形象
cross-national corporation 跨国公司
earnings growth 收益增长
enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 创业精神
entrepreneur 企业家
entrepreneurship 企业家身分(地位、职权、能力)
foreign-capital enterprise 外资企业
foreign-invested venture 外资企业
free enterprise 自由企业(制) 政府很少干预，
私人自主经营
individual initiative 个人主动性
initial capital 启动资金
listing of a company 企业上市
multinational corporation 跨国公司
team spirit; esprit de corps 团队精神
traditional-bound business 受传统束缚的企业
transformation （企业）转型
transnational corporation 跨国公司
registered capital 注册资本
overseas-funded enterprises 外资企业
equities [ ] n. [英][pl. ](无固定利息的)股票, 证券
F
fair competition n. 公平竞争federal reserve system (美国)联邦备银行制度federation n. 联邦financial fraud(s) n. 金融欺诈financial crisis (turmoil) n. 金融危机（风暴）financial market n. 金融市场bullion market 金银买卖市场
cash market 现金市场
debt market 债务市场
discount market 贴现市场
equity market 股本市场
foreign exchange and derivatives markets 外汇及衍生产品市场
foreign exchange market 外汇市场
global financial system 全球金融体系
insurance market 保险市场
securities market 证券市场
fiscal [ ] adj. 财政的[扩展]
fiscal and monetary levers 财政和货币杠杆
fiscal budget 财政预算
fiscal policy 财政政策, 财务方针
fiscal year 财政年度
fiscal lever 财政杠杆
fiscal levy 财政税收
financial deficit 财政赤字
fiscal revenue 财政收入
national revenue 财政收入fixed assets n. 固定资产fund / capital / venture capital n. 资金, 资本/ 风险资金future market n. 期货市场
G
generate profit v. 创利
GNP at factor cost 按成本要素计算的国民生产总值
go public v. 上市
go to Chapter 11 v.（美）申请破产保护
go under v. (口) 倒闭government spending n. 政府开支
gray income n. 灰色收入Great Depression n.（美）大萧条gross domestic product (GDP) n. 国内生产总值gross national product (GNP) n. 国民生产总值H
head –hunter n. 猎头公司hedge (against) [ ] v. 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失hedge fund n. 对冲基金high return n. 高收益，高回报holiday economy n. 假日经济human capital n. 人力资本hyperinflation [ ] n. 恶性通货膨胀
I
immediate consumption n. 即期消费immediate yield n. 直接回报incentive n. 动力industry n. 工业，产业，行业[扩展]
advertising industry 广告业
aerospace industry 航空和航天工业
aircraft industry 飞机制造工业
basic industry 基础工业, 重工业
book industry 图书出版业
capital-and-technology-intensive industries 资金技术密集型产业
car industry 汽车制造工业
electronic industry 电子工业
entertainment industry 娱乐业
equipment manufacturing industry 装备制造业
heavy industry 重工业
information industry 信息产业
knowledge-intensive industry 知识密集型产业
labor-intensive industry 劳动密集型产业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 国有大中型企业light industry 轻工业
manufacturing industry 制造业
monopoly industries 垄断行业
rubber industry 橡胶工业
secondary industry 第二产业
service industry developing in all areas 服务业全面发展
textile industry 纺织行业
the tertiary industry [ ] 第三产业
tourist industry 旅游业
industrialization n.工业化industries in straitened circumstances n. 困难行业infrastructure n. 基础设施insufficient demand n. 需求不足interest cut n. 降息interest group n. 利益集团interest rate(s) n. 利率international competitiveness n. 国际竞争力international settlement n. 国际结算
J
joint effort n. 共同努力joint venture n. 合资企业joint-stock system n. 股份制L
labor n../v. 劳动力labor-intensive industries n. 劳动密集型产业
late charge n. 滞纳金law of demand n. 需求定律
law of supply n. 供给定律lawful business operations n. 合法经营leasing n. 出租业务legal person n. 法人legitimacy [ ] n. 合理性、合法性legitimate rights and interests n. 正当权益liability of fault n. 过失责任limited liability corporation n. 有限公司liquidity [ ] n. 变现能力listed companies n. 上市公司logistics [ ] n. 物流
loss leader n. 为招揽顾客而削本出售的商品
loss leader strategy n. (商店) 优惠策略
M
M & A (merger & acquisition) 收购兼并macroeconomic control n. 宏观调控macroeconomics n. 宏观经济学make ends meet v. 收支平衡; (口) 日子过得去marginal return n. 边际报酬
market n. 市场[扩展]
market diversification 市场多元化
market economy 市场经济
market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查
market saturation 市场饱和
market share 市场占有率
market supervision 市场监管
marketization 市场化
market-oriented employment mechanisms 市场导向的就业机制mass production n. 批量生产mechanism n. 机制merger [ ] n. 合并merger and bankruptcy n. 兼并破产merit [ ] n. 价值microeconomics n. 微观经济学modern distribution n. 现代流通modern market economy n. 现代市场经济modern market system n. 现代市场体系modern services n. 现代服务业
monetary [ ] adj. 货币的
[glossary] [扩展]
European monetary integration 欧洲货币一体化
convertible currency 可兑换货币
monetary lever 货币杠杆
monetary policy 货币政策
monetization 货币化
monetization of public debt 公债货币化
withdrawal of currency from circulation 货币回笼
monopoly [ ] n. 垄断multifunctionality [ ] n. 多功能性multilateral trade negotiation n. 多边贸易谈判
O
old-age pension n. 养老保险制度oligopoly [ ] n. 求过于供的市场情况on-the-job training n. 岗位培训opportunity cost n. 机会成本optimize (maximize / minimize) v. 优化/ 最大化/ 最小化overheating n. 过热
P
paragon [ ] n. 模范, 典范patent [ ] n. 专利patent grant n. 专利许可patent law n. 专利法规pension n. 退休金; 养老金per capita GDP [ ] n. 人均国内生产总值
per capita income n. 人均收入performance n. 业绩performance-based salary system n. 基于业绩的工资制度plunge / dip / down v/n. （价格）猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌political economy n. 政治经济portfolio [ ] n. 一组投资positioning n. 定位potential market n. 潜在市场practical productive forces n. 现实生产力primary productive force n. 第一生产力printing and packaging business n. 包装印刷业private enterprise n. 私营企业private property n. 私人财产private sector n. 私营部门privatization n. 私有化prime rate n. 银行最低贷款利率produce n. 农产品productivity n. 生产力
profit n./v. 利润promotion n. 促销propaganda [ ] n. （贬义）宣传proprietary intellectual property rights [ ] n. 自主知识产权protectionism n. 贸易）保护主义public sector n. 公共部门public services n. 公共服务purchasing power n. 购买力
Q
QC (quality check) 质检QFII [ ] 合格的境外机构投资者
R
raffle [ ] v. / n. 抽奖售货real economy n. 实体经济recession n. 衰退，不景气regime [ ] n. 政权、机制rent n. 租金regional protectionism n. 地方保护主义resources n. 资源restructure n. 改组、重组retail gap n. 零售空间
S
saturation; be saturated [ ] n./ adj. 饱和sales volume n. 销售额satellite town n. 卫星城savings n. 储蓄
scale operation n. 规模经营scarcity n. 缺乏securities n. 证券
stock , bond, securities 股票, 债券, 证券
securities, options and futures 证券、期权及期货
A share A股
B share B 股
bear market 熊市
bull market 牛市
corporate bonds 企业债
day trading 当日交易
equity participant 参股者
hedge 对冲；保值手段
IPO (Initial Public Offering) 首次上市（股票）
joint stock company 参股公司
London SE (Stock Exchange) 伦敦证券交易所
New York SE 纽约证券交易所
Shanghai SE 上海证券交易所
Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所
seeking financing by listing on the stock market 上市融资
securities investment 证券投资
State-held shares 国有股
Stock index 股票指数
stock option 股票期权
slump n./v. (经济)衰退，滑坡soar / surge / climb n./v. （价格）上涨social and economic stability n. 社会经济稳定social credit system n. 社会信用体系social wealth n. 社会财富SOHO (Small Office & Home Office) SOHO一族(小型办公室和家庭办公室) solvency [ ] n. 偿付能力sources of investment n. 投资主体speculative ad,j. 投机性的stabilize prices v. 稳定物价
start / build… from scratch v. 从零开始; 白手起家storage and transport n. 储运strategic planning n. 战略部署, 战略计划
strong （currency）adj. （货币）坚挺strong demand n. 需求强劲
subsidy n. 补助金，津贴sunrise industry n. 朝阳产业sunset industry n. 夕阳产业survival rate n. 成活率T
24 –hour service n. 全天候服务tangible benefits n. 实惠technology-intensive product n. 技术密集产品tender-invitation n. 招商the distribution (allocation) of resources n. 资源配置
the economic structure n. 经济结构
the industrial structure n. 产业结构
the macro-control system n. 宏观调控体系the market system n. 市场体系
the open economy n. 开放型经济
the order of the market economy n. 市场经济秩序
the potentially largest market n. 潜在的最大市场the world trade organization (WTO) n. 世贸组织the U.S. Trade Representative n. 美国贸易代表the Canadian trade mission n. 加拿大贸易代表团tourist economy n. 旅游经济trade n./v. 贸易[扩展]
ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) 东南亚国家联盟ASEAN Free Trade Area 东盟自由贸易区
EU (European Union) 欧盟
chamber of import and export trade 进出口商会
COD (cash on delivery) 货到付款
diary product 奶制品
durable consumer goods, consumer durables 耐用消费品
FMCG (fast-moving consumer goods) 快速消费品
free port 自由港
grassland farming 牧业
horticultural product [ ] 园艺品
lamb 羊羔
milk powder 奶粉
mutton 羊肉
produce 农产品
protectionism 保护主义
protective price 保护价格
quotation of prices 报价单
retail market 零售市场
sea and air shipping service 海上和空中运输服务
single-product export country 单一产品出口国
steel 钢铁
timber 木材
timber product 木器
trade balance 贸易平衡trade bloc 贸易集团（如：欧盟）trade conflicts 贸易冲突trade deficit (surplus) 贸易逆差/ 顺差
trade in commodities and services 商品和服务贸易trade monopolies and regional blockades 行业垄断和地区封锁trade sanction 贸易制裁
trade volume 贸易额
wholesale market 批发市场
wool export 羊毛出口traditional industries n. 传统产业transaction n. 交易triple n./v./adj. 增长两倍turnover n. 销售额
TV shots n. 电视广告TQC (Total Quality Control) n. 全面质量管理U
unemployment insurance n. 失业保险unemployment rate n. 失业率
urban economics n. 城市经济学
utility [ ] n. 设施
V
venture capital n. 风险资金
veto n./v. 否决vicious circle n恶性循环virtual economy n. 虚拟经济virtuous circle [ ] n. 良性循环
W
welfare state n. 福利国家
work force n. 职工总数、劳动力world multi-polarization n. 世界多极化
A
按劳分配distribution according to one's performance
按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority
B
奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life
博鳌亚洲论坛Boao Forum for Asia (BFA)
不良贷款bad loans
C
产品本土化product localization
产销直接挂钩directly link production with marketing
产业不景气industrial depression
产业的升级换代upgrading of industries
产业格局industrial pattern
产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure
超负荷运转overloaded operation
承包责任制 the contract-responsibility
承购包销underwrite
城市经济学urban economics
城乡居民收入income of urban and rural residents
城乡市场urban and rural markets
城镇化urbanization
城镇居民人均可支配收入urban per capita disposable income 持续快速健康发展sustained, rapid and sound development
充足的发展空间ample room for development
重复生产duplication of production
出口加工区export processing zone
出口商品和服务goods and services for export
储运storage and transport
传统产业traditional industries
传销pyramid sales; multi-level marketing
创业机制business mechanism
刺激经济活动stimulate economic activities
刺激有效需求stimulate effective demand
促进全球经济一体化foster integration with the global economy 村办企业village-run enterprise
D
大幅度跃升rise by a big margin
大开发the large-scale development
带动经济增长spur economic growth
低水平重复建设low-level, redundant construction
电视广告TV commercial
东北地区the northeastern region
东部地区the eastern region
独资公司exclusively-funded venture
F
翻两番quadruple
繁荣与稳定prosperity and stability
非公有制经济non-public sectors of the economy
风险资金venture capital
房地产real estate
首付down-payment
业主home owner
房产权威部门housing authority
住房贷款housing loan
房屋空置率housing vacancy rate
个人购房贷款individual housing loan
按揭mortgage
物业property management
房地产开发商real estate developer
未售出的存量房stockpile of unsold houses
房契, 产权title
G
改革的力度the momentum of reform
改组、重组restructure
高新技术产业high and new technology industries
个人消费贷款individual consumption loan
个体、私营self-employed or private enterprises
更具活力、更加开放的经济体系a more open and viable economic system
工业园区industrial park
公司法人责任制the corporate legal person responsibility system
公有制经济the public sector of the economy
股份制joint-stock system
固定资产投资investment in the fixed assets
关键设备key equipment
国民经济the national economy
国民经济的支柱pillar of the national economy
国民经济命脉the lifeline of the national economy
国有经济的布局和结构layout and structure of the state sector
国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOE)
国有企业改革和发展the reform and development of state-owned enterprises H
海内外各类投资者all investors at home or from overseas
合法经营lawful business operations
黑市black market
混合所有制经济a mixed sector of the economy
J
基本经济制度the basic economic system
基础产业和制造业basic and manufacturing industries
基础设施infrastructure
基础设施建设infrastructure construction
集体经济the collective sector of the economy
计划经济体制planned economy
加快发展expedite development
节约的, 经济的economical
经济弊病economic ills
经济带economic belts
经济发展的良好势头a good momentum of economic growth
经济杠杆作用economic leverage
经济较快增长a relatively rapid economic growth
经济结构战略性调整strategic adjustment of the economic structure
经济全球化economic globalization
经济特区special economic zones (SEZ)
经济文化交流economic and cultural exchanges
经济效益好good economic returns
经济增长economic growth
经济总量economic aggregate
K
可持续发展sustainable development
跨越式发展leapfrog development
困难行业industries in straitened circumstances
扩大内需expand domestic demand
L
拉动经济增长fuel economic growth
劳动力labor
劳务输出export of labor services
粮食主产区main grain producing areas
粮食综合生产能力comprehensive grain production capacity
两岸经济合作cross-straits economic cooperation
M, N
民营科技企业non-public scientific and technological enterprises
南北差距the north-south gap
农村富余劳动力surplus rural labor
农业的市场竞争力competitiveness of agriculture in the market
P
泡沫经济bubble economy
贫富悬殊income disparity
贫困地区impoverished areas
贫困人口impoverished people
瓶颈制约bottleneck restrictions
Q
取得领先地位assume leadership
取缔非法收入outlaw illegal gains
R, S
三资企业(中外合资企业,中外合作企业, 外商独资企业)
Sino-foreign joint ventures, cooperative businesses and exclusively foreign-owned
enterprises in China
社会经济稳定social and economic stability
社会就业比较充分a higher rate of employment
社会生产落后the backwardness of social production
社会信用体系social credit system
社会主义市场经济Socialist market economy
社会主义现代化建设Socialist modernization
深化国有企业改革to deepen SOE (state-owned enterprises) reform
生活富裕an affluent life
世界经济波动world economic fluctuations
市场经济秩序the order of the market economy
市政工程municipal works; public works
试点工程, 试点项目pilot project
收入悬殊excessive disparity in income
私营部门private sector
私营企业private enterprise
商业银行commercial banks
[扩展] [glossary]
建设银行Construction Bank
工商银行Industrial & Commercial Bank
中国银行Bank of China
农业银行Agricultural Bank
交通银行Bank of Communication
招商银行Merchants Bank
税收taxation
[扩展] [glossary]
个人所得税personal income tax
财产税property tax
保护关税protective duty/tariff
岁入税；关税收入revenue tax
营业税sales tax
关税tariff
逃税、漏税tax evasion
免税期tax holiday
纳税人tax payer
税收政策tax policy
税收减除tax relief
T
脱贫致富shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
拓宽消费领域expand the scope of consumption
投资investment
[扩展] [glossary]
投资地点investment destination
投资环境investment environment
投资机构investment institutions
投资热investment fever
投资者investor
投资政策investment policy
W
外商直接投资foreign direct investment
外向型经济outward-looking economy
外资企业overseas-funded enterprises; foreign-funded company
完善的社会主义市场经济体制full-fledged socialist market economy
温饱having only adequate food and clothing
稳定物价stabilize prices
稳健的货币政策the sound monetary policy
外汇foreign exchange
[扩展] [glossary]
外汇储备reign exchange reserves
外汇管理局SAFE ( State Administration of Foreign Exchange)
外汇管制foreign exchange control
外汇汇率foreign exchange rate
外商直接投资direct foreign investment
X
西部地区China's western region
西部大开发the large-scale development of China?s western region
下岗失业人员再就业reemploy laid-off workers
消费需求的不足insufficient consumer spending
消费者权益日International Day for Consumers' Rights and Interests
国际交流和合作international exchanges and cooperation
新的经济增长点new growth areas in the economy
需求疲软weak demand
Y
亚洲金融危机the Asian financial crisis
衣食住用行food, clothing, housing, transport and daily necessities
优化消费结构optimize the consumption structure
Z
招商inviting tenders; leasing
振兴装备制造业revival of the equipment manufacturing industry
政府资助项目government-sponsored programs
质检QC (quality check)
中部地区the central region
中长期国外投资medium- and long-term foreign investment
中国出口商品交易会(广交会) China Export Commodities Fair (Guangzhou Fair) 中国加入世贸组织China's entry into the WTO
中国购物中心论坛China Shopping Center Forum
中国电信China Telecom
中国联通China Unicom
中国移动China Mobile
中信(中国国际信托投资公司) Citic group
中央银行the Central Bank / PBOC
专卖店exclusive agency; franchised store
资源消耗低low resources consumption
优化资源配置optimize resource allocation
自负盈亏responsible for one's own profits and losses
自给自足autarky
自由贸易free trade
自由贸易区free trade zone
自由职业人员free-lance professionals
重点项目key project
[扩展]
国家重点工程national key projects
南水北调South-to-North water diversion
西电东送West-East electricity transmission project
西气东输West-East natural gas transmission project
SOCIETY
社会
A
abortion n. 人工流产, 堕胎
abuse of power n. 滥用职权
Child abuse 虐待儿童; 儿童虐待; 儿童受虐症; 儿童受虐事件psychological abuse 精神虐待; 心理虐待
physical abuse 躯体虐待; 外观损坏; 身体伤害; 身体虐待
elder abuse虐待老人
academic society 美[,?k?'d?m?k] n. 学术社团academic conference 学术研讨会; 学术会议; 研讨会
academic circle 学术界
an aging population n. 人口老龄化
B
benevolent 美 [b?'n?v?l?nt] adj. 乐善好施的,仁慈的；慈善的；亲切的
a benevolent fund 施善基金
a charitable foundation [ ] 慈善基金
美 ['t??r?t?bl] adj. 慈善事业的；慷慨的，仁慈的；宽恕的
charitable activities 慈善活动
charitable causes 慈善事业
charitable contributions 慈善捐赠; 慈善捐款
bigamy [ ] n. 重婚美 ['b?ɡ?mi]
be convicted of bigamy 被判重婚罪成立
be acquitted of bigamy 被判重婚罪不成立
birth rate n. 人口出生率
burglarproof door / antitheft door [ ] n. 防盗门
美 ['b?ɡl?]夜贼antitheft 名词
C
chain effect; domino effect [ ] n. 连锁反应
美 ['dɑm?no]多米诺骨牌
charitable adj. 慈善的, 仁慈的
civic morality n. 社会公德,公民道德
community n. 社区
community of nations n. 国际社区, 国际社会
international community
global society 美 ['ɡlobl]
international society
community service n. 社区服务
corruption n. 贪污
court of ethics n. 道德法庭
conscience forum 美 ['kɑn??ns]
moral court
crime n. 犯罪
[glossary] [扩展]
arson [ ] 美 ['ɑrsn] n.纵火, 纵火罪complaint center 美 [k?m'plent] n. 投诉中心drug rehabilitation center [ ] 美 [?ri???b?l?'te?n]
n. 复原
Drug Addiction Treatment美 [?'d?k??n]
n. 上瘾，沉溺；癖嗜
addiction treatment centre
n. 戒毒所
drug-related crimes n. 毒品犯罪
juvenile delinquency [ ] 美 ['d??v?na?l]
adj. 青少年的；幼稚的
n. 青少年；少年读物
美 [d?'l??kw?nsi]
n. 行为不良，违法犯罪；失职，怠工
n. 青少年犯罪
organized crime n. 集团犯罪
robbery n. 抢劫
shoplifting [ ] n. 在商店偷窃商品smuggling [ ] n. 走私
theft [ ] n. 偷窃行为
violent crimes 美 ['va??l?nt] n. 暴力犯罪
D
第二单元接待口译Interpreting for Reception Service 2-1 机场迎宾Greeting at the Airport 人力资源部经理：manager of Human Resources. Top-notch: 顶尖的 能够成行：make it 不辞辛苦：in spite of the tiring trip 百忙中抽空：take time from busy schedule run into a storm:下暴雨 Be held up: 耽搁clear up:天气转好 Attending service：服务倒时差：get over the jet-lag 行李齐了：get all the luggage 下榻宾馆：take sb.to the hotel 设宴洗尘：host a reception in one’s honor 总裁：chairman 杂技表演：acrobatic show 2-2 宾馆入住Hotel Accommodation Check-in: 登记住宿预定房间：have a reservation with 确认函：confirmation letter travel agency：旅行社 Itinerary：行程表accommodation：住宿 双人间：double room 豪华套房：a deluxe suite 8折优惠价：have a good rate with 20% off morning cal：:叫醒 Photo-copy：复印express mail：快递邮件 总台：Front desk 餐饮部：Catering Service 洗熨部：Laundry Service 楼层服务台：Floor Service Desk Fitness exercise：健身教练：coach 2-3 宴会招待Banquet Service 敬业（的专家）：dedicated（experts）contribute one’s share：尽了…责任Maneuver ：机动，演习，策略，调遣大自然所赐予的：Mother Nature grant us Cuisine：菜系色，香，味，形：color，aroma,taste,appearance 食物的质地：raw materials with quality texture 调料：seasonings 原汁原味：original flavor appetizing：引起食欲的 特色点心：special snack 酸甜适口：a sweet and sour sauce 皮薄汁醇：with thin and translucent wrappers and rish tasty soup. 皮脆肉嫩：(with a ) crispy skin and tender meat figure out：想出 好戏还在后头：have more surprises to expect 祝酒：drink to (the health) of sb. 干杯：cheers 2-4 参观访问Getting Around 高科技园区：High-Tech Park 业务经理：operation manager 鸟瞰：take a bird’s eye view of 言归正传：come back to story 走马观花：cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on horsehack 显目审批权：be authorized to approve projects (with) 优惠政策：preferential policies 与国际管理体制接轨：operate under the management system of international standards 跨国公司：multinationals 骨干企业：enterprises of pillar industries 生物技术：biotechnology 高技术产业链：high-tech industry chains 一条龙服务：a stream –lined one-stop service 生态型开发：ecological conservation 可持续发展：sustainable development 绿草成茵：boasts stretches of green grass 流水潺潺：streams murmuring 鸟儿啁啾：birds chirping 四季花香：fragrant flowers blossoming all year round 安保服务：security service
Unit 2 句子精炼 1. This is a fantastic airport, absolutely one of the top-notch international airports. 这个机场太美了，绝对是一个顶尖的国际机场。 2. I'm very bad with a jet-lag. But I'll be all right in a couple of days. 我倒时差很慢，但两天后自然就恢复了。 3. I'd like to have a 7 o'clock morning call, breakfast sent up to my room, laundry done, some documents photocopied, an express mail sent out, and something like that. 我要早上7点钟叫醒，早餐送我房间，衣服要洗烫，文件要复印，邮件要快递，诸如此类的事情需要服务。 4. We all maneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak. 可以说我们每个人都成功地使我们的使命得以完成。 5. Let's delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us. 让我们尽情享受大自然赐予我们的食物吧 6. 我要是没有认错的话，你一定是从伦敦来的泰莱克教授吧？ You must be Prof. Tallack from London, If I'm not mistaken. 7. 我是海通集团人力资源部经理。 I'm manager of Human Resources, the Haitong Group. 8. 感激您不辞辛苦，从百忙中抽空来我公司指导。 We're very grateful that you took time from your busy schedule and came to our company to give us advice. 9. 今晚我们设宴为你洗尘。 We'll hold a reception dinner in your honor this evening. 10. 我在你们的酒店预订了一间双人房，有确认函。 I have made a reservation for a double room with your hotel. And here's the confirmation letter. 11. 提前十天预订房间可以享受8折优惠。 You will have a good rate of 20% off when you make a reservation 10 days in advance. 12. 我们有许多现代化的健身设备可满足客人的不同需求。 We have many modern fitness facilities catering to the different needs of our goods. 13. 没有凯兰女士的最后努力，现在还不知道怎样呢，恐怕我们还在谈判之中呢。 Without Ms. Kelland's last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I'm afraid. 14. 同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特点是注意调料的使用、食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。 Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisine takes "color, aroma and taste" as its essential quality elements. It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors. 15. 这些菜绝对是首选，你一定喜欢。别客气，请随意。 These dishes are absolutely tasters' choice. I bet you will like them. Please help yourself to the dishes. Unit 3
句子精炼( Sentences in Focus ) Unit 2 接待口译（机场迎宾、宾馆入住、宴会招待、参观访问） 1. This is a fantastic airport, absolutely one of the top-notch international airports.（这个机场太美了，绝对是一个顶尖的国际机场。） 2. I’m very bad with a jet-lag. But I will be all right in a couple of days.（我倒时差很慢，但两天后自然就回复了。） 3. I’d like to have a 7 o’clock morning call, breakfast sent up to my room, laundry done, some documents photocopied, an express mail sent out, and something like that.（我要早上7点钟叫醒，早餐送到我房间，衣服要熨，文件要复印，邮件要快递，诸如此类的事情需要服务。） 4. We all maneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak.（可以说我们每个人都成功的使我们的使命得以完成。） 5. Let’s delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us.（让我们尽情享受大自然赋予我们的食物吧。） 6. 我要是没认错的话，您一定是从伦敦来的泰莱科教授吧。(You must be Prof. Tallack from London, if I’m not mistaken.) 7. 我是海通集团人力资源部经理。(I’m manager of Human Resources, the Haitong Group.) 8. 感激您不辞辛劳，从百忙之中抽空来我公司指导。(We are very grateful that you took time from your busy schedule and came to our company to give us advice.) 9. 今晚我们设宴为您洗尘。(We will host a reception dinner in your honor this evening.) 10. 我在你们的酒店预订了一间双人间，有确认函。(I have made a reservation for a double room with your hotel. And here is the confirmation letter.) 11. 提前10天预定房间可以享受8折优惠价。(You will have a good rate with 20％off when you make a reservation 10 days in advance.) 12. 我们有许多现代化的健身设备可以满足客人的不同需求。(We have many modern fitness facilities catering to the different needs of our guests.) 13. 没有凯兰女士的最后努力，现在还不知道怎样呢，恐怕我们还在谈判之中呢。(Without Ms. K eland’s last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.) 14. 同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特点是注重调料的使用、食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。(Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Ben bang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements. It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.) 15. 这些菜绝对是首选，你一定喜欢。别客气，请随意。(These dishes are absolutely tasters′ choice. I bet you will like them. Please help yourself to the dishes.) 16. 各位能够赏光来此共度一年中的这个美好时光，我感到非常荣幸，让我们共同举杯，祝各位身体健康，事业有成，阖家幸福。(I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year. Let us drink to the health, great career and happy family of everybody present.) 17. 我们先来鸟瞰一下整个园区吧，然后在园区内各处转悠一下，用我们的话来说就是“走马观花”。(First of all, we will take a bird’s-eye view of the Park. And then we will look around in the Park and, to use a Chinese metaphor, we will “cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on a horseback”.) 18. 高科技园区享有国家授予的项目审批权和优惠政策，是一个与国际管理体质接轨的经济区域。(The high-tech Park is authorized by the state government to approve projects with preferential policies, operating under the management system of international standards.)
2019年英语中级口译考试汉译英必备篇(5) 香港中文大学，简称“中大”，成立于1963年。中大是一所研究型综合大学，以“结合传统与现代，融汇中国与西方”为创校使命。//40多年来，中大一直致力于弘扬中华传统文化，坚持双语教育，并推行独特的书院制度，在香港教育界卓不过立。中大校园占地 134 公顷，是世界上最美丽的校园之一。//中大的师生来自世界各地。有教职员工 5200多人，近万名本科生、约2000多名研究生，其中约2500多人来自45个不同的国家和地区。//中大实行灵活的学分制，不但有助于培养有专有博的人才，而且还赋予学生更大的学习自主权。中大的多元教育有助于充分发挥每一个学生的潜能。// The Chinese University of Hong Kong, CUHK for short, was founded in 1963. It is a research-oriented comprehensive university with a mission to combine tradition with modernity and bring together China and the West.//For more than 40 years, we have been distinguished from other local universities by virtue of our rich Chinese cultural heritage, bilingual education, and our unique college system. s 134-hectare campus is one of the most beautiful campuses in the world.//CUHK’ s fa culty and students come from all corners of the world. It has more than 5200 staff members,approximately 10,000 undergraduates, and 2000 postgraduate students. Of these students, some 2,500 are from 45 countries and regions outside Hong Kong.//The flexible credit unit system allows a balance between depth with breadth, and a high degree of free choice of students in designing their own learning. The multi-faceted education at CUHK helps to bring out the best in every student.//
1.哮喘asthma 2.肺炎pneumonia 3.肝炎hepatitis 4.胃炎gastritis 5.关节炎arthritis 6.支气管炎bronchitis 7.肥胖症obesity 8.糖尿病diabetes 9.阑尾炎appendicitis 10.消化不良indigestion 1科教兴国战略the strategy of revitalizing China through science,technology and education 2.培养高层次创新人才to train high-level creative professional manpower 3.有理想,有道德,有文化,有纪律的劳动者working people with lofty ideals,sound morals,good education and a strong sense of discipline 4.培养德智体全面发展的建设者和接班人to train builders and successors who are well-developed morally,intellectually and physically 5.协调发展coordinated and balanced program of development 6.优化教师队伍to optimize the teaching staff 7.培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems independently 8.启发式教学法elicitation method of teaching 9.填鸭式教学法cramming method of teaching 10.中国国际教育论坛China international Forum on Education 1. 不夜城everbright city 2. 沧海桑田ups and downs of time 3. 长江三角洲the Yangtze River Delta 4. 磁悬浮列车maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension train 5. 大都市metropolis, cosmopolis, metropolitan city, cosmopolitan city 6. 东方明珠电视塔Oriental Pearl TV Tower 7. 东海之滨的明珠the pearl on the coast of the East China Sea 8. 高架公路elevated highway, overhead highway 9. 高架立交桥overhead viaduct 10. 国际展览局IBE (International Bureau of Exhibitions) 11. 四项基本原则：Four Cardinal Principles 12. 和平共处五项原则：the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 13. 一国两制：One Country, Two Systems 14. "引进来"和“走出去”政策：…Bring In ? and 'Going Out? 15. 计划生育基本政策：the basic state policies of family planning 16. 改革开放：reform and opening-up 17. adjoining room 相邻的房间 18. single room 单人房（一张床） 19. twin room 双人房（两张床） 20. double room 双人房（一张床） 21. triple room 三人房 22. standard room 标准房 23. deluxe room 豪华间 24. luxury suite 豪华套房 25. presidential suite 总统套房
Verb pattern:1 Vb + Direct Object 动词＋直接受词 1. He cut his finger. (人体部位) 过去他割伤了他的手指。 2. we have already had breakfast. 现在完成我们已经吃过早饭了。 3. He does not like cold weather. 一般现在时否定他不喜欢寒冷的天气。 4. we always do that. 现在我们一向这样做。 5. I want six. 现在我要六个。 6. we lit a fire. 过去时我们起了炉火。 7. they were throwing stones. 过去进行时他们正在掷石头。 8. a baby cannot dress itself. 一般现在时婴儿不能自己穿衣。 9. he laughed a merry laugh. 一般过去时他笑得开心。 10. she smiled her thanks. 她微笑以示谢意。 11. I dug a hole. 我挖了个洞。 verb pattern 2 Vb + (not) to Infinitive, 动词＋不定式 I haven't decided to go there. 我没决定去不去那儿。 I have decided not to go there. 我已决定不去那儿。 1. He wants to go. 他想去。 2. I have promised to help them. 我已答应帮助他们。 .3. They decided not to go. 他们决定不去。 4.Did you remember to shut the windows?. 你记得关了窗户吗？ 5.He agreed to pay for it. 他同意担负它的费用。 6. Have you to go to school today? 你今天必须上学吗？ 7. would you care to go for a walk? 你有意去散散步吗？ 8. He pretended not to see me. 他假装没有看见我。Verb pattern 3 Vb ＋ Noun or Pronoun ＋ (not ) to ＋ Infinitive . He wants me to be early 他想要我早到。 I asked him not to do it. 我要求他不要那样。 I told the servant to open the window. 我吩咐仆人打开窗户。The servant was told to open the window. Please help me to carry this box. 请帮我携带这箱子。He likes his wife to dress well. 他喜欢他的太太穿得漂亮。Your teacher expects you to work hard. 你的老师希望你用功读书。 I warned him not to be late. 我曾警告他不要迟到。 He was warned not to be late. He allowed the soldiers to take him prisoner. 他允许那些兵把他俘虏。They have never known him to behave so badly. 他们从来不知道他的行为 如此恶劣。Verb pattern 4 Vb + Noun or Pronoun +( to be ) + Complement
练中级口译口试的必备用书就是《中级口译教程》，很多口试真题都出自于其中！所以在推出真题的同时，也将昂立顾微老师的这篇佳作一并奉上！愿所有为笔试口试奋斗的战友们都取得好的成绩！ 至于先发一半的原因是一方面把这份东西拖到校内上很麻烦，原版是PDF的，要先保存图像再上传上来，有的时候还保存不了图像。。。另一方面是不知道这份东西会不会引起大家的兴趣，如果有支持的话，我过两天再把另一半发上来～ 来源:昂立教育,作者:顾微 顾微昂立博客:https://www.doczj.com/doc/259896714.html,/?uid-687 2-3 Banquet Service 1.满足客人的不同需求：cater to the different needs of our guests 2.敬业的专家：dedicated experts 3.没有她的最后努力，还不知道现在会怎么样呢：Without her last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere. 4.contribute my share: 尽自己的责任 5.we all maneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak.可以说我们每个人都成功地使 我们的使命得以完成。Maneuver:军队的调动，调遣。大规模演戏。谨慎而熟练的动作 6 尽情享用大自然赐予我们的食物：we will delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us. 7.调味料，作料：seasoning 8.南翔小笼：Nanxiang steamed meat dumplings 皮薄汁醇：thin and translucent wrappers, filled with ground pork and rich tasty soup 9.皮脆柔嫩, 酸甜适口：a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour source 10. 好戏还在后头：this is just the beginning 11.别客气，请随便：please help yourself to the dishes. 附笔记草图
1.) 经济类 APEC, ASEAN, EU, EC (EEC), G8 EURO, RMB, YEN, POUND, DOLLAR UN, WHO, IMF, PLO, FBI, VOA, CIA , NSA, CCCP, DMZ, PLA, QFII, PBOC,CEPA NATO, NASA, UNESCO, OPEC, NAFTA, SAFE associate company (subsidiary / affiliate) 联营公司（子公司、附属公司） aggregate demand 总需求 aggregate supply 总供给 advanced technology 先进技术 active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) 顺差(逆差) acquire 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权 acquisition of assets 购置资产 absolute advantage 绝对优势（一国或一国的一部分由于拥有原材料、动力、劳动力等自然资源，因而能较廉价地生产某一产品，因此拥有胜过其他国家或地区的优势。） authorization bill 授权书author asset 资产 Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛 bottom line 帐本底线, 底线 banking 银行业 black market 黑市 budget 预算 budget deficit 预算赤字 budget surplus 预算盈余 bureaucracy 官僚作风, 官僚机构 business cycle 商业周期 business mechanism 创业机制 business prototype 商业原型、商业模型 brand loyalty 对某个牌子的忠诚度 business fraud (accounting fraud) 商业欺诈(做假帐) bull/bear market 牛市/ 熊市 cutting edge (have an edge on) 优势（比…有优势） cash bonuses 现金奖励 commercial 商业广告 commodity 商品 convertible currency 可兑换的货币 corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化 capital 资本, 资金, 资产 checks and balances 政府机关彼此之间、公司内部各部门的相互制约和平衡 civil rights/civil liberties 公民权利、自由 commerce clause 商业条款 common law 习惯法 comparative advantage 相对优势 competition 竞争 confederation 联邦 contract 合同 cost 成本 dealer/ jobber/ broker 经销商/经纪人 depreciation / appreciation 贬值/增值 deflation / inflation 通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀
博联兄弟同声翻译提醒大家专注本帖： 上海市中级口译考试历届试题前12套考卷的总结 2009-08-11 以下内容包括二百六十九个语言点 , 包括好句子 , 需要记忆的词组以及常见句型 , 关注于语言表达的结构功能 . 1. 我非常感谢 ... Reference:Thank you very much for... 2. 热情友好的欢迎辞 Reference:gracious speech of welcome 3...之一 Reference:be one of 4. 访问 ...是... Reference:A visit to...has... 5. 多年梦寐以求的愿望 Reference:has long been my dream 6...给予我一次...的机会... Reference:(The visit will) give me (an excellent ) opportunity to ... 7.我为 ... ，再次表达（我的愉快之情和荣幸之感）。 8.（我对您为我到达贵国后所做的一切安排）深表感谢。 note: 注意这里“到达”的动词向名词形式的转变。 Reference:I'm deeply grateful for everything you've done for me since my arrival in China. 9. （我很高兴）有此机会（来贵公司工作），与中国汽车业的杰出人士合作共事。 note ：（ 1）这里的“合作共事”可以不译，由前面的“工作”统领，用with 连接就可以了。（2）“杰出人士”的翻译 Reference:I'm very glad to have the opportunity to work in your company with a group of brilliant people in China's automobile industries. 10....多年来一直盼望... note ：主要是对“盼望”一词的快速反应。 Reference:have been looking forward to ...for many years 11. 我很感激 ... note ：出现“感激”，首先反应就是appreciate 及其同族词。 Reference:I appreciate... 12. 你若不在意的话，... Reference:If you don't mind,... 13. 去 ...走走 Reference:tour around... 14. 浦江商务旅游公司 note ：注意其中的旅游的选词 Reference:Pu Jiang Business Travel Campany 15. 国家旅游局 note ：局不一定要用bureau Reference:the Chinese National Tourist Administration
历年上海中级口译听力部分录音文稿（97.3 － 08.9） 97．3 SECTION 1：LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Dictation The development of the Space Shuttle has dramatically reduced the cost of sending loads into space. The Shuttle takes off from Earth like a rocket, and lands again like a huge aircraft. It can transport not only its own crew, but also passengers, and has a huge cargo-hold which is capable of carrying large satellites or a space laboratory. Before the Space Shuttle was created, it was necessary to plan trips into space several years in advance. However, for the rest of the century it should be possible to make space flights every week or so. Any scientist or engineer needing to travel into orbit will simply take the next Shuttle flight, stay as long as necessary, and then return at his or her convenience. It is difficult to imagine the immense opportunities created by the Shuttle. One of the great advantages of having a reusable space vehicle is that it can take one load after another into orbit. Very large space stations could not be launched in their complete form directly from Earth, but they could be built piece by piece in space. The Space Shuttle is likely to be used as a general ―workhorse‖ for the rest of this century, and the building of such stations in orbit should become commonplace. Once these huge orbiting space stations are completed, they are likely to become the platforms from which hundreds of robot space ships could be launched cheaply and easily to explore the solar system and to start mining operations on the Moon. The technology needed for this is already developed and available. And because of commercial and military pressures to develop space technology, it is likely that governments will be increasingly willing to start extensive programs of space engineering, exploration and research. Part B: Listening Comprehension Ⅰ. Statements Question No. 1. Jane remained in London for the summer. Question No. 2. Daniel requested that he be transferred to Tokyo to start a new branch. Question No. 3. According to our correspondent, the rain has flooded several areas of South India. Question No. 4. Jason ran across his former college teacher during a business trip to Chicago. Question No. 5. The plane was due at 9：30, but has been delayed half an hour. Question No. 6. I‘d have bought Smith‘s computer if I had known he was selling it. Question No. 7. Please let me know whether you will come to the meeting or not. Question No. 8. May I suggest Friday for our trip to Hong Kong? Question No. 9. We tried to persuade him not to go to Australia, but in vain. Question No. 10. When they were searching the area, the police all but caught the thieves. Ⅱ. Talks and Conversations Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following announcement. This is the final for Olympic Airways to Athens flight number OA260. Any remaining passengers must go immediately to gate 2 where the flight is now closing. Olympic Airways flight number OA 260 closing now at gate 2. Scandinavian Airlines to Stockholm, flight number Sk528 now boarding at gate 4. Passengers to New York. British Airways regret to advise a delay of 35 minutes on their flight number BA175 to New York. That is a delay of 35 minutes on British Airways flight number BA 175 to New York. Austrian Airlines to Vienna, flight number OS455 now boarding at gate 8. Austrian Airlines flight number OS455 boarding now at gate 8. Question No.11. Where is this announcement most probably made? Question No.12. Which of the following statements is true about a about the Qlympic Airways