高考英语专项复习——完形填空解题技巧指导
高考完形填空考什么？ 1.词汇题 2. 逻辑推理 3. 篇章结构(语境)
(一)词汇题
1. 同词复现、同/近义词、反义词、同畴词、同构词
1．(2014·湖南高考)It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball, and it wasn’t a __40__ operation like ice-skating.
40．A.direct B．single C．smooth D．strange
2．(2014·福建高考)My father had longed to play music since childhood, but his family was poor and couldn’t __43__ lessons.
43．A.miss B．afford C．select D．understand
3. (2010广东)You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to the building.
A. enter
B. leave
C. open
D. close
4. (2010广东)The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, students who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on .
A. sooner
B. later
C. faster
D. earlier
5.(2004江苏)On days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves.
A. sunny
B. rainy
C. cloudy
D. snowy
6. (2011广东)Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. However, this
is more often from parents and teachers than from students...
A. concern
B. conclusion
C. reflection
D. interest
7. (2010全国Ⅰ) isn’t about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.
A. Adventure
B. Beauty
C. Trust
D. Life
8. (2010陕西)I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me, I watched for a while... But nothing happened. Disappointedly, I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of, ” I thought.
A. words
B. effort
C. space
D. money
9. ( 2010北京卷)Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wa nted to know how I thought …… She believed I had opinions, so I began to …….
37. A. opinion B. impression C. information D. intention
10. 3. Many old people don’t have good ____. They can’t watch TV, but they can listen to music or new s over the radio .
A hearing
B health
C eyesight
D time
11. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very______.
A. deep
B. high
C. cold
D. dangerous
12. … and then both ended up from the same high school. Just three weeks before_____, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京）
A graduation
B movement
C separation
D vacation
2. 词汇题（习惯用法和固定搭配）
1.(2010江苏卷) My father 36 me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is ……
36.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced
2.(2010全国I）The happiest people don’t 53(necessarily ) have the best of everything；they just 54 the best of everything they have .
54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try
3. With her slow and clumsy reactions, she would surely ____ her team.
A. hold on
B. hold out
C. hold over
D. hold up
4.The trainer decided it was useless trying to finish. He called to Trudy to4
5.
45．A. keep up B. slow down C. give up D. take up
5.So I tried hard with my writing and went to college . My first novel 45 while I was at college.
45. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back
6. The forest began to disappear, which 53 all the animals dying out.
53. A. resulted in B. resulted from C. created D. lay in
3. 词汇题（生活常识和文化背景）
1. (2010福建)Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese，the language of my ancestors . When I was three . my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pused them 37 (aside ) , ……
36. A. custorn B. games C .characters D. language
2. I turned the key in the lock and _____the door open.
A.knocked
B. forced
C. pushed
D. tried
3.(2008浙江)I don’t remember my father ever getting into a swimming pool. But he did love the water. Any kind of ride seemed to give him pleasure. And he loved to fish……
A. boat
B. bus
C. train
D. bike
4.The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert.
A. dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
5. Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise
6. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight.
43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker
(二)逻辑推理（顺序关系、并列关系、因果关系、让步关系、转折关系、解释关系）
1. (2011广东) Many are concerned that gifted children become and lose interest in learning.
A. doubted
B. bored
C. worried
D. tired
2. (2009重庆)After school, he played football hard for two hours. Though ____, he still went to the cinema.
A. Excited
B. hurt
C. late
D. tired
3. We must help people to find houses outside the city, but equally, we must remember that some city people want to _________ where they are.
A. Find
B. hide
C. remain
D. leave
4.（2010江苏卷) Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are 40(wrong).
This is not the worst boy at all, 41 the smartest one who hasn’t yet found an outlet（释放的途径）for his enthusiasm.” 41. A.but B.so C.and D.or
5.（2010湖南卷) Bean is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 .
38. A. smart B.sweet C.slow D.shy
6.（2010安徽卷) First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, ... Then the writing point of the pen……
52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line.
52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally
4. A transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry…___,radio broadcasts are better for blind people.
A. Besides
B. However
C. Yet
D. Sometimes
7.（辽宁）42 is known to us all, there is not 43 (enough) water in all places for every-one to use as much as he likes.
42. A. That B. It C. What D. As
8.When Ed first phoned and ___we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an easy victory.(NMET2003 , 37题）
A.d eclared
B. mentioned
C. persuaded
D. suggested
9.（2010天津卷）“As a policeman, I saw 27 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging 28(impact) on the kids. ”
27. A. where B. unless C. as D. whether
10.She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 vacation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed.
A. disappointing
B. wonderful
C. uncomfortable
D. important
（三）语篇理解
１．Life is very55, so don’t rush to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you plan.
55．A. hard B. busy C. short D. long
2．Dr. Shirley Jeanne Allen has traveled many roads and followed many rainbows searching for her dream. With courage and _55_, she never gave up.
55.A.determination B. intelligence C. strengthD. pride
3．This is because the most important character of creative people is a very strong 40 to find a way out of trouble. 40．A．desire B．inspire C．influence D．attitude
4. (2014·江苏高考)He withdrew from many school activities __40_because__ he didn’t have the time or the __41__.He had only one good suit.
41．A.permits B．interest C．talent D．clothes
5. (2014·安徽高考)Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I __38_managed__ to catch a taxi to my __39_accommodation__ and settled in.Next morning, I took another __40__ to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.
40．A.colleague B．passenger C．suitcase D．taxi
6.(2014·福建高考)So it was with really great __40_satisfaction__ that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and __41_watched__ my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt __42__ rising to play the piano in his very first recital.…For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he __47_simply__ stared down at his fingers. 42．A.through B．from C．against D．before
7.(2014·北京高考)She was really small for her age of 12.The boys in my class often __36_joked__ about her and laughed their heads off.She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears dropping on the open page.…
I looked down at this __38__ girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.
38．A.rich B．proud C．tiny D．popular
8. (2014·辽宁高考)He pointed out that I focused on the intention __54__ Eleanor focused on the result.
54．A.while B．after C．until D．unless
9.(2014·安徽高考)I gratefully sat down with the __44_old__lady and we had a happy lunch together. As the__45__drew to
a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando. 45．A.journey B．meal C．speech D．interview
10. (2014·重庆高考)“He died months ago.When he was alive, he did all the repair jobs __23_wonderfully__，” I said quietly. Ahmed looked at me __24__，but didn’t reply.
24．A.strangely B．innocently C．painfully D．sympathetically
高考英语完形填空综合解析 要提高完形填空的解题能力，首先应该综合全面地了解完形填空。要了解完形填空，我们需要回答五个问题。第一个问题：什么是完形填空？第二个问题：完形填空的特点是什么？第三个问题：学生存在的问题是什么？第四个问题：如何解完形填空？第五个问题：平时如何训练？只有解决了这五个问题，才能有的放矢地对完形填空进行教学和研究。 一、什么是完形填空？ 完形填空又称综合填空，其命题原理是格式塔心理学。格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。简单说完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等，则空格为功能性空格；如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词，则空格为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，完形填空以语义空格为主，语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。完形填空的空格分为四种类型：词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项，难度是逐渐上升的。 二、完形填空的特点是什么？ 1. 完形填空的题型特点 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点： ⑴短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。 ⑵短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其它题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。 ⑶短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。 ⑷考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。 ⑸短文长度基本稳定，一般在250～300个单词左右。 2. 完形填空选项设置的几个特点 ⑴同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。所以平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆。 ⑵固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词、典型句子结构的搭配。 ⑶常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。 ⑷根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。 3. 近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向 ⑴阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少。 ⑵生词量有增无减。 ⑶长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂。 ⑷题目设置上单纯语法考查减少，上下文联系考查力度加大，并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多。 ⑸完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。 三、学生存在的问题是什么？ 有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
高考英语完形填空考试解 题三大角度 完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。
研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点： 一、从所选文章的角度 体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。 题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。
难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。 二、从所挖空格的角度 首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。 其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。
高考完形填空解题技巧 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】
第一讲题目怎么命——一篇“美文佳作”，肢解“七零八落” 要弄明白一个东西“是什么”，就要知道它“从哪里来，要到哪里去”。要做好完形填空，就要对其命题过程有所了解，这样才能够轻松躲避出题陷阱，选出正确选项。就如同那句话，“你找到了限制，就找到了自由”。 完形填空所选语段的原型是一篇地道的完整的英语美文，是命题组的老师为高考命题所需绞尽脑汁从中挖去若干词汇所为。“完形填空”，顾名思义就是通过“填空”，使一篇被挖出若干空格、肢解得“七零八落”的文章恢复其原来完整的模样。 第一步：选文章 首先命题组要根据考试大纲和考试说明的要求，从英美国家杂志或网站上寻找一篇千词左右的文章，然后改造成一篇难度和长度都很合适的、适宜于挖空的二、三百词的语言材料。该语言材料在选材和体裁上一般要具备以下特点： 1．选材 从题材来看，高考完形填空题的选材新颖、时尚，注重知识、文化、教育与品位有机结合，符合中学生的阅读兴趣。题材广泛，涉及人物故事、教育、社会经济、文化发展等。例如2014年浙江卷“老师无意中的表扬却使学生改变很大”；2014年北京卷“老师帮助一位小女孩获得同学们的认可”；2014年湖南卷“妈妈通过教孩子熨衣服，使孩子学会如何处理生活中的棘手之事”；2014年重庆卷的第二篇“要入乡随俗”；2014年广东卷“就父母与孩子们的关系进行讨论”等。 2．体裁 从体裁来看，高考完形填空题通常以记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章为主，偶尔会出现议论文或说明文。以2014年高考为例，除了广东卷考的是议论文、重庆卷第二篇考的是说明文之外，其他省份考的都是记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。 第二步：挖空格 命题组找到了合适的文章后，就要准备动手挖去一些词汇，确定供考生处理的空格的位置，挖空时一般遵循以下原则：
高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练 一、首句信息 完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 (广东卷) It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children. 1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average 二、注意前后语境，暗示信息 考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。 考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示。 这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。 （广东卷）“As a matter of fact, I’ve got someone in the office at this very moment who might ___49___.” She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.” 49. A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer 三、注意固定搭配，熟记常见句型， 考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配等。这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。 I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ___44___the telephone. 44. A. with B. by C. from D. on (陕西)The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his food and drink, since he could see that money would be of little __34__ to them. 34. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction 四、注意词语辨析 考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。四个选项词性相同，意义相近，要求在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。 Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his ___37_ qualities. First of all … 37. A. basic B. special C. common D. particular （全国卷）Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear. 42. A. also B. nearly C. even D. only
2019全国卷1高考英语完形填空答案详细解析 【预览部分】 【完形填空答案与详细解析】 【主旨大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要介绍乞力马扎罗山的垃圾污染问题以及当地管理机构努力治理之后环境的改观。本文就游客对乞力马扎罗山自然环境的破坏展开论述，对山体环境进行介绍，意在引起人们对于自然环境的重视。 41. D。考查动词词义辨析。译文：每年有40,000人到非洲最高的山脉乞力马扎罗山（Kilimanjaro）旅游，他们带来了许多废品垃圾。解答此题根本不用费什么心思，读完第一、第二句马上就明白：此题是因果逻辑推断题，即第一句是原因，第41空句是结果。根据前文Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知每年都有很多人去游览乞力马扎罗山，由此可推测该空是说游客将垃圾废物随身带到了山上。keep with意为“把……与……放一起”；mix with意为“（使）与……混合/结合”；connect with意为“与……连接”；bring sth. with sb. 意为“某人随身带来……”；故只有选项D切题。故选D。 42.C。考查名词词义辨析。译文：拥挤的人群破坏了美丽的乞力马扎罗山。此题仍然属于因果关系推断题。根据上一句Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知，每年有大约四万人游览乞力马扎罗山，所以此处是指游客所造成的破坏，由此推断出本题答案是crowds（拥挤的人群）。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。故选C。 【正文】 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place —other destinations are described as “purer” natural
高考英语完形填空解题技巧 高考英语完形填空解题技巧 (一)利用句首信息，推测语篇主旨 完形填空所选短文的第一句常为主题句，一般不设空。把握了主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 例： As a general rule ,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they areperformed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact ,we can see this 41____atwork in people of all42 ages (2014课标I) 41. A. principle B. habit C. way. D. power 解析：本文首句为主题句，根据首句中的a general rule (一般规则)可知本空答案为principle. (二)寻找提示信息，重现语境意义 完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有提示，这种提示多为后面提示前面。 一般来说，完型填空的四个选项形式完全相同，如都是动词原形，都是副词，都是名词复数形式等，所以要注意他们在意义上和搭配上的细微差别，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分，判别，从而选出正确答案。 例： It runs in the 53_____.Michael’s father always helped thepoor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the54
2011全国卷 第二节完形填空20,J、题；每小题1．5分，满分30分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后个体所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出也已填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago. The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆),and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 Answer, and went on saying, ”You have just 41 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 into an unknowns world invisible(无形的) to the 46 , which can be discovered only through scientific 47 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world .And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 . The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代). “I remember feeling small and 54 .”The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course the afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”36．A．art B．history C. science D. math 37．A．searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into 38．A．count B. guess C. report D. watch 39．A．warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to 40．A．ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult 41．A．learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken 42．A．lose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken 43．A．lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman 44．A．described B. respected C. saw D. served 45．A．voyage B. movement C. change D. rush 46．A．professor B．eye C．knowledge D．light 47．A．model B．senses C．spirit D．methods 48．A．hear B. make C．present D．refuse 49．A．suggesting B．beginning C．pretending D．waiting 50．A．believed B．doubted C．proved D．explained 51．A．growth B．strength C．faith D．truth 52．A．firm B. interesting C．wrong D．acceptable 53．A．task B．tool C．success D．action 54．A．cruel B．proud C．frightened D．brave 55．A．dropped B．started C．passed D．missed - 1 - / 2
高中英语完形填空解题技巧大全 开篇练习 My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk， but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was 1 in hospital. By the time he was eight，you wouldn‘t know he has a problem when you saw him 2 . Children in our neighborhood always ran around 3 their play， and Joey would jump and ran and play，4 . We never told him that he probably wouldn‘t be 5 to run like the other children. So he didn’t know. In 6 grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others， 7 only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the 8 . We didn‘t tell him he probably would never make the team， so he didn’t know. He ran four to five mile every day - even when he had a fever. I was 9 ，so I went to 10 him after school. I found him running 11 . I asked him how he felt. “Okay，” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 . Two weeks later， the names of the team 13 were caked. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‘t do it … so he didn’t know. He just 15 it. 1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid 2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk 3. A. after B. before C. during D. till 4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet 5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid 6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth 7. A. so B. if C. then D. because 8. A. neighborhood B. familyC. school D. grade 9. A. excited B. tiredC. pleased D. worried 10. A. think about B. hear fromC. agree with D. look for 11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already
完形填空考纲要求 考查根据上下文理解语篇意义的能力。 二、完型填空解题步骤总结 三、解题步骤分析 1、浏览全文，抓准主旨 考生在答题时，不要急于看选项、找答案，应先通篇浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件发展的脉络情节。只有抓住了文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就会迎刃而解。 注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是据以判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when, where, who, what, how…)。 注意：要注意尾句的提示和总结作用。 2、细读全文，透析文意
⑴.看清上下文，找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 注意上下文的内在联系，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。信息提示有时出现在前文，有时出现在后文，有时出现在本空所在的句子，学生需要在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。 ⑵通顺逻辑，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如： ⑶牢固掌握重点单词词组词意、用法及语法知识 ⑷看清执行者，确定所选词 ⑸根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。 常见的承接语有for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。 3、全面验证，理清逻辑 考生在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，考生选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，避免出现逻辑混乱。 四．案例分析：根据逻辑关系解完形填空 表示转折关系 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.
完形填空题型突破 完形填空二是2010年湖南高考英语科出现的新题型,为主观性填空题。题目要求考生在没有单词和汉语提示的前提下,根据上下文语境填写一个最恰当的单词。该主观填空题的目的就是要革除传统英语考试的弊端,增加主观性,减少客观性,消除投机心理,加大对考生思维推断能力和语言运用能力的考查力度,实现英语语言教学从被动记忆型主导向主动应用型、本质挖掘型主导的跃升。该题型主要考查考生在语境中灵活运用语言的能力及推理判断能力。单词的拼写能力和词形变换能力也是一个很重要的考查方向。 一、完形填空二的题型特点 1．考查语境,侧重运用。该题型的最大特点是把语言真正放在语境中去考查,这是符合语言学习客观规律的。该题型把对考生的要求提高到能自然地、自发地、积极地运用语言知识去表达的水平。这种方式可以真正了解考生的语言运用能力,体现了命题者从能力立意向素质立意转变的理念。 2．题材多样,语篇完整。新题型的选材会呈现多样化的趋势,但可能会侧重于议论文和说明文,这一点与前面部分的客观选择题会有所不同。文章选材贴近考生生活,内容完整,现实意义明显,结构严谨,层次分明,便于考生推理判断。材料难度不会太大。词数在150～180之间,平均设空间隔一般为17个词左右。 3．实虚并重,侧重习语。该题型既考查实词,如名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等,也考查虚词,如冠词、介词和连词。冠词主要考查它的基本用法和习惯用法。介词主要考查考生对固定搭配和短语的掌握情况。连词主要考查考生的思维逻辑判断能力。 4．意义为主,形式为辅。命题体现了“意义为主,形式为辅”的考查原则。在重点考查词义的基础上,也会考查考生对词形变化的掌握情况。如动词的第三人称单数,动词的动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式,名词的单复数形式,形容词和副词的比较等级等。 二、完形填空二的解题步骤 1．通读全文,把握语篇。把握短文大意,目的是为下一步“填空”作好“语义”上的准备,因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的单词以及采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中,为较好地把握其大意,有必要弄请该文的体裁、题材、写作主线、段落大意等。这有利于考生真正读懂全文大意,也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。 2．先易后难,尝试填空。主观题填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的语义和正确的语法形式的思维过程,要坚持从易到难的原则。根据考生的英语知识积累和语感,有些答案不需要过多的思考就能一眼看出来。如固定搭配、习惯用语、常用句式等。遇到一时想不起来的空,也不要花太多的时间停留在上面。填出容易的词语后,大意更趋明朗,语境更加清晰,有助于难题的推敲和判断。 3．利用语境,推敲语义。要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系,进行多角度、全方位分析,以便准确地判断所缺词的意义。推敲语义时,不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词,具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下等的特殊功能。 4．复读全文,确认答案。进行复查是必要的。复查时要解决两个问题：第一是从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文,看看所填单词在语义上是否正确,是否为最佳答案,是否能使文意上下连贯、前后照应,逻辑顺畅,能否自然地融入语篇；第二是从语法的角度审视全文,确保所填
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题： 文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择. 5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. (96) A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile
完形填空解题步骤及解题技巧 一、完形填空解题步骤 1、通读全文，把握大意。 2、细读全文，确定选项。 3、重读复核，消除疏漏。 二、完形填空解题技巧 1、充分利用首句信息答题。 完形填空题的首句不设空，而是尽可能多给考生提供一些必要的信息，因而读懂首句可以帮助考生建立正确的思维导向，避免走弯路。首句是了解全文的窗口，通过首句往往能确定文章的体裁、背景、写作意图甚至中心思想。 Can you imagine spending nine months with no one except yourself? During that time,you are only able to sleep for less than an hour at a time? This is what 16-year-old Mike Perham from England 1 when he did the “Round the World” sailing trtip. Mike 2 from Portsmouth, England on November 15,2008.And 3 sailing almost 30,000
miles, he returned on August 29,2009… 1.A. designed B. needed C. expected D. experienced 2.A. went away B. set off C. came out D. took off 3.A. after B. before C. since D.until 首句讲16岁的Mike独自环球航行的特殊经历。记叙文一般按照事情发生发殿的顺序展开，并会涉及时间、地点、人物、过程、结果等因素，把握住这一特点后对确定正确答案很有帮助。
2008高考英语复习完形填空精练三篇（附详细解析） 纵观近几年高考完形填空题，我们不难发现：1、语境选择项增多；2、选项设计一般为同 一词类，或属同一范畴；3、难选之处前后多有暗示；4、选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙 文或以叙为主的议论文。 根据高考试题的特点和命题的发展趋势，在复习备考中，对记叙文、以叙为主的议论文 及某些具有一定哲理和教育意义的纯议论性短文都要加强练习。笔者精选三篇不同体裁的 典型文章进行供同学们练习，并附详细解析，希望能帮助同学们在这一题型上积累经验， 有所突破。 （ A ） In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America, killing over 30,000 people in less than four minutes. In the middle of complete damage and disorder, a father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be, ___1__ that the building was ___2___. After the unforgettably shock, he ___3___ the promise he had made to his son: "No matter ___4___, I'll always be there for you!" And tears began to ___5___ his eyes. As he looked at the pile of ruins, it looked hopeless, but he kept remembering his ___6___ to his son. He rushed there and started ___7___ the ruins. As he was digging, other helpless parents arrived, ___8___: "It's too late! They're all dead! ___9___, face reality, there's nothing you can do!" To each parent he responded with ___10___: "Are you going to help me now?" No one helped. And then he continued to dig for his son, stone by stone. Courageously he went on alone because he needed to know ___11___: "Is my boy ___12____ or is he dead?" He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then, in ___13____ hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son's __14____. He screamed his son's name, "ARMAND!" He heard back, "Dad!?! It's me, Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were alive, you __15____ me and __16____ you saved me, they'd be saved. You promised, 'No matter what happens, I'll always be there for you!' You did it, Dad!" "What's going on in there? " the father asked. "There are 14 of us __17____ __18____ 33, Dad. We're scared, hungry, thirsty and thankful you're here. When the building collapsed, it made __19____, and it saved us." "Come out, boy!" "No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, __20____ I know you'll get me! No matter what happens, I know you'll always be there for me!" 1. A. only discovering B. only to discover C. only realizing D. only to realize 2. A. as flat as a pancake B. as high as a mountain C. as strong as an ox D. as weak as a kitten
知识点一：记叙文 【命题探究】 完形填空考查考生语言运用与理解的综合能力。要求考生通读全文，掌握文章大意，运用词汇、语法等知识，选择最佳答案。记叙文类完形填空是高考和备考的重点。 1.首句完整，线索清楚 作者常在首段就交代人物的特征或事件发生的时间、地点，最后得出结论。 2.叙述灵活，侧重语境 文章以叙述为主，记叙人物或描述事件，作者无评论。因此，要在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，做出选择。 3.实词为主，虚词为辅 高考记叙文类完形填空篇幅不长，一般在300个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力。 1.读好短文首句 完形填空首句一般不设空，是完整的一句，信息就从这里开始，它暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确地利用首句信息对于把握答案的方向是极其重要和有效的。 2.读懂作者的态度 分析全文，弄清作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情。正确把握反映作者情感的关键词。 3.掌握大意，理清角色 记叙文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的
事情。 4.理顺事件经过 记叙文多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述的。理清文章的发展顺序才能把握文章的主脉。因此，先要理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情，这样做题时可以再一次从时间上把握故事的进程。 Whenever we hear about“ the homeless”，most of us think of the Developing World. But the 1 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 2 country like Germany Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 3 for the homeless of Berlin，Germany's capital. They first 4 one long hot summer when most Germans were 5 on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches， 6 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. up up aside away 答案 【方法指导】 1.速读全文，掌握大意，把握语境，瞻前顾后，分析选项。 本文首段讲述了Muller夫妇致力于帮助无家可归者，并申请向他们捐助，社会各界也纷纷伸出援助之手。通过上下文的叙述，“无家可归者到处都有”可知，这是一个事实、真相，故第1题选择B项，第2题选择D项，而下文又提到Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches可推知第3题选择C项，而第6题应选择B项“摆放桌子”。