中华临床医师杂志(电子版)2017年1月第11卷第2期Chin J Clinicians(Electronic Edition),January 15,2017,Vol.11,No.2
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?临床论著? 医院焦虑抑郁量表的信度及效度研究
孙振晓1刘化学2焦林瑛2周涛2杨洛宁2范金云2
【摘要】 目的 探讨医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）的信度及效度。方法应用HADS、焦虑自
评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）对615例心血管疾病患者进行测查。采用同质性信度Cronbach's
α系数、重测信度两个指标检测量表的信度。应用HADS量表总分及焦虑、抑郁亚量表分与SAS、
SDS的相关分析检验效标效度，应用探索性因子分析检验结构效度。结果HADS总体、焦虑亚量
表及抑郁亚量表的Cronbach's α系数分别为0.879、0.806、0.806，重测信度组内相关系数（ICC）分
别为0.945、0.921、0.932（P＜0.001）。效标效度检验显示，HADS总分与SAS、SDS总分相关系数
分别为0.596、0.685，HADS焦虑亚量表分与SAS、SDS总分相关系数分别为0.552、0.601，HADS
抑郁亚量表分与SAS、SDS总分相关系数分别为0.552、0.663，均呈显著正相关（P＜0.001）。探索
性因子分析提取3个公因子，方差贡献率为61.415%。结论HADS具有较好的信效度，可作为综
合医院焦虑抑郁情绪的筛查工具。
【关键词】 医院焦虑抑郁量表； 信度； 效度
Reliability and validity of hospital anxiety and depression scale Sun Zhenxiao1, Liu Huaxue2, Jiao
Linying2, Zhou Tao2, Yang Luoning2, Fan Jinyun2. 1Department of Psychiatry, 2Department of Internal
Medicine, Linyi Municipal Mental Health Center, Linyi 276005, China
Corresponding author: Sun Zhenxiao, Email: szx.ywk@https://www.doczj.com/doc/257574739.html,
【Abstract】Objective To test the reliability and validity of hospital anxiety and depression scale.
Methods A survey was conducted using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Self-Rating
Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) in 615 patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Reliability was tested by Cronbach's α coefficient and test-retest reliability. Criterion-related validity was
tested by the correlation between the total score of HADS, the score of HADS-Anxiety subscale, the score
of HADS-Depression subscale and SAS score, SDS score. Construct validity was tested by exploratory
factor analysis. Results The HADS, HADS-anxiety subscale, HADS-depression subscale had Cronbach's
α of 0.879, 0.806, 0.806 respectively, and the retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient, ICC) was
0.945, 0.921, 0.932 (P<0.001). Criterion related validity showed that the correlation coefficient between
total score of HADS and SAS, SDS was 0.596, 0.685 respectively, the correlation coefficient between
HADS-anxiety subscale and SAS, SDS was 0.552, 0.601 respectively, the correlation coefficient between
HADS-depression subscale and SAS, SDS was 0.552, 0.663 respectively, all of which were positively
related (P<0.001). The result of exploratory factor analysis was that three factors explained 61.415% of the
total variances. Conclusion HADS has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate
anxiety and depression in general hospital.
【Key words】Hospital anxiety and depression scale;Reliability;Validity
医院焦虑抑郁量表（Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale，HADS）由Zigmond与Snaith于1983年编制，主要应用于综合医院患者中焦虑和抑郁的筛查[1]。因其简单易行，已被广泛应用于临床
DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2017.02.005
基金项目：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（2014WS0038）
作者单位：276005山东省，临沂市精神卫生中心精神科1，内科2通信作者：孙振晓，Email: szx.ywk@https://www.doczj.com/doc/257574739.html, 各种疾病患者焦虑抑郁的评估。但对其信度和效度，尤其是结构效度还存在不同的看法[2-5]。为了进一步探讨HADS的信度及效度，本文基于HADS 对615例心血管疾病患者的测评结果进行分析。
对象与方法
一、对象
抽样方法：首先，对临沂市的12所县级人民