Standard
Recommended Practice
Fabrication Details,Surface Finish Requirements,and Proper Design Considerations for Tanks and Vessels to Be Lined for Immersion Service
NACE International issues this standard in conformance with the best current technology regarding the specific subject.This standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document,its scope,and provisions.It is intended to aid the manufacturer,the consumer,and the general public.Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone,whether he has adopted the standard or not,from manufacturing,marketing,purchasing,or using products,processes,or procedures not in conformance with this standard.Nothing contained in this NACE International standard is to be construed as granting any right,by implication or otherwise,to manufacture,sell,or use in connection with any method,apparatus,or product covered by Letters Patent,or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent.This standard represents minimum requirements and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures or materials.This standard is not intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject.Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this standard in specific instances.NACE International assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this standard by other parties and accepts responsibility for only those official NACE International interpretations issued by NACE International in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers.
Users of this standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health,safety,and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to use.This NACE International standard may not necessarily address all safety problems and hazards associated with the use of materials,operations,and/or equipment detailed or referred to within this document.
CAUTIONARY NOTICE:NACE International standards are subject to periodic review and may be revised or withdrawn at any time without prior notice.The user is cautioned to obtain the latest edition.NACE International requires that action be taken to reaffirm,revise,or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication.Purchasers of NACE International standards may receive current information on all standards and other NACE International publications by contacting the NACE International Membership Services Department,P.O.Box 218340,Houston,Texas 77218-8340(telephone +1281/228-6200).
Reaffirmed September 1995Reaffirmed March 1991
Revised 1989Approved 1978NACE International P.O.Box 218340
Houston,Texas 77218-8340
+1281/228-6200?1995,NACE International
NACE Standard RP0178-95
Item No.21022
RP0178-95 ________________________________________________________________________
Foreword
When specifying tanks for immersion service that are to be internally lined to control corrosion and prevent product contamination,special design,fabrication details,and surface finishing
requirements must be taken into consideration to obtain the desired performance of these linings.
As the corrosiveness of the product increases,the design of the vessel becomes more critical,
relative to the performance of the lining.
This standard is issued to present recommended practices for the design,fabrication,and surface finish of metal tanks and vessels that are to be lined for corrosion resistance and to
prevent product contamination.The standard explains how the suggested practices govern the
quality of lining applications.Appendix A depicts both good and bad design practices on tanks,
while Appendix B contains a list of suggested responsibilities for the coating applicator to ensure
the best protective coating available.Appendix C is a visual and written description of the degree
of surface preparation of welds in tanks and vessels prior to lining.(1)
The written descriptions of the various degrees of surface preparation of welds in Appendix C of this standard take precedence over the graphics and the companion visual comparator.The
graphics are only pictorial representations of welds and grinding finishes and are not intended to
be representative of the integrity of the welds.The“as is”original weld is not a typical weld;it is
only intended to illustrate defects in welds that must be corrected prior to coating and lining.
Good welding practices and welding codes govern the integrity of the weld;this standard only addresses surface preparation of the welds for the purpose of coating and lining for immersion
service.
This standard recommended practice was originally prepared in1978by NACE International Task Group T-6A-29,a component of Unit Committee T-6A on Coating and Lining Materials for
Immersion Service,in collaboration with Unit Committee T-6H on Application and Use of Coatings
for Atmospheric Service(currently titled Coating Materials for Atmospheric Service).The standard
was revised in1989by Task Group T-6G-27,a component of Unit Committee T-6G on Surface
Preparation for Protective Coatings,and was reaffirmed in1991and1995.The standard is issued
by NACE International under the auspices of Group Committee T-6Protective Coatings and
Linings.
NACE International gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following companies in the preparation of the welding samples and the fabrication of the die from which the plastic
replicas have been molded:
Ausimont,Morristown,NJ
Houston Lighting&Power,Houston,TX
S.G.Pinney&Associates Inc.,Port St.Lucie,FL
The Sherwin-Williams Company,Cleveland,OH
NACE also gratefully acknowledges the assistance of KTA-Tator Inc.,Pittsburgh,PA,in
developing the weld pattern that was used to mold the plastic replica of weld samples.
_________________
(1)The visual comparator mentioned in Appendix C is a molded plastic replica that illustrates various degrees of
surface finishing for welds prior to coating or lining.Full-seam welds,skip welds,butt welds,lap welds,and others are
depicted.For more information contact the NACE Membership Services Department,P.O.Box218340,Houston,TX
77218-8340.
This standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this
document,its scope,and provisions.Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone,
whether he has adopted the standard or not,from manufacturing,marketing,purchasing,or using
products,processes,or procedures not in conformance with this standard.Nothing contained in this
NACE International standard is to be construed as granting any right,by implication or otherwise,to
manufacture,sell,or use in connection with any method,apparatus,or product covered by Letters
Patent,or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent.This
standard represents minimum requirements and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on
the use of better procedures or materials.
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NACE International i
RP0178-95
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NACE International
Standard
Recommended Practice
Fabrication Details,Surface Finish Requirements,and Proper Design Considerations for Tanks and Vessels
to Be Lined for Immersion Service
Contents
1.General (1)
2.Design Requirements (1)
3.Fabrication Requirements (2)
4.Surface Finish Requirements (2)
Appendix A—Fabrication Details,Surface Finish Requirements,and
Proper Design Considerations for Metal Tanks and Vessels to Be
Lined for Immersion Service (4)
Appendix B—Suggested Responsibilities (9)
Appendix C—Generic and Graphic Descriptions of Various Degrees
of Surface Finishing of Welds That May Be Specified in Preparation
for Lining of Tanks and Vessels (10)
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ii NACE International
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Section 1:General
1.1Scope
This standard provides requirements for the design,fabrication,and surface finish of tanks to be lined for immersion service.Tanks may be lined for corrosion control or to prevent product contamination.Appendix B lists suggested responsibilities of the purchaser (user),fabricator,and lining applicator regarding design specifi-cations and inspections.
1.2The recommended practices in this standard can also be used in the design,fabrication,and surface finish of tanks or vessels for services other than immersion,such as dry bulk storage of solid materials.1.3Definitions
1.3.1Linings -Surface barriers,usually thin films less than 500μm (20mils)thick applied as either a lining or a coating.In common usage,the terms coatings and linings are interchangeable,but in this standard,only the term linings will be used.The requirements contained herein may or may not apply to heavier,thick-film coatings,sheet linings,trowel-applied and shot-creting finishes,plasma,flame-sprayed coatings,fiber-reinforced plastic linings,or similar lining materials.
1.3.2Surface Finish -The degree of smoothness of a surface produced by the removal of sharp edges and the appropriate surface preparation of welds and other rough areas.The term surface finish is also used to characterize the degree of smoothness that is necessary to attain a surface to which the lining can be applied satisfactorily in accordance with the lining specification.
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Section 2:Design Requirements
2.1Accessibility
2.1.1All surfaces of the tank interior shall be readily accessible for surface preparation and lining appli-cation (see Figures A1through A10,Appendix A).2.1.2The manway diameter for working entrance and safety reasons during the lining application shall be as large as practical for the vessel being lined.
2.1.2.1If possible,at least one manway shall be located near ground (work)level,except in tanks designed to be buried below grade.
2.1.3Additional manways and openings should be provided as needed to facilitate ventilation.These must meet safety requirements.2.2Joints
2.2.1Butt-welded joints shall be used whenever pos-sible (see Figure A5,Appendix A).2.2.2Rivets shall not be used.
2.2.3The use of internal bolted connections shall be avoided.
2.2.4Continuous lap-welded joints are permissible but not preferred.For sheet lining material,this type of construction may not be acceptable.
2.3Connections
2.3.1All connections to the tank shall be flanged.
2.3.2Threaded connections shall not be used in vessels operating in corrosive environments (see Figure A4,Appendix A).However,if threaded connections cannot be avoided in corrosive environments,these parts shall be fabricated of corrosion-resistant materials,or constructed as shown in Figure A10.
2.3.2.1CAUTION:Dissimilar metal (galvanic)corrosion will occur where,for example,an alloy is used to replace the steel bottom of a tank,or similar circumstances when alloy appurtenances must be part of the construction of the vessel.If a lining is then applied to the steel and part of the alloy (usually 15to 61cm [6to 24in.]),any discontinuity in the lining will expose a small anode surface.Once corrosion starts,it progresses rapidly because of the large exposed alloy cathodic area to the much smaller anodic area.Without the lining,galvanic corrosion will cause the steel to corrode at the weld area,but at a much slower rate.The recommended practice is to line completely the alloy as well as the steel,thereby eliminating the possible occurrence of a large cathode-to-small anode surface.
2.3.3Nozzle connections to be lined shall be as short as possible and be a minimum of 5cm (2in.)in diameter (see Figure A4,Appendix A).Connections less than 5cm (2in.)in diameter shall be suitably attached through a reducing flange (see Figure A10,Appendix A).Where trowel-applied thick-film linings are required,additional nozzle inside diameter shall be allowed for lining thickness.
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2.4Appurtenances Inside the Tank
2.4.1The requirements of Sections 2and 3of this standard shall apply to any item to be installed inside a tank that is to be lined.Such appurtenances include agitators,antiswirl baffles,outlet connec-tions,gauging devices,and internal piping.
2.4.2If appurtenances inside the tank,including nuts and bolts,cannot be lined,they shall be made of corrosion-resistant materials.(CAUTION:See Para-graph 2.
3.2.1.)
2.4.3If bolted connections are necessary and cannot be made of corrosion-resistant materials,the mating surfaces shall be lined before assembly.Gaskets shall be used on mating surfaces and the sealing surfaces of nuts and bolts to protect the lining.
2.4.4Dissimilar metals shall be electrically isolated from the steel tank surface wherever possible.Where dissimilar metals are used,selection shall be such that the galvanic effect is minimized.Other corrosion
mitigation methods may be required (see Figure A8,Appendix A).
2.4.5Heating elements shall be attached with a minimum clearance of 15cm (6in.)from the tank surface.
2.5Structural Reinforcement Members
2.5.1Structural support members should be in-stalled on the exterior of the tank.However,if such members are installed internally,they shall be fabri-cated of simple shapes such as smooth round bars or pipe for ease of applying the lining material.
2.5.2The use of internal flanged connections,stif-fening rings,reinforcement pads,angles,channels,I-beams,and other complex shapes should be avoided.If they must be installed internally,these members shall be fully welded and welds and sharp edges ground and given a radius of at least 3mm (1/8in.);6mm (1/4in.)radius is preferred (see Figures A1and A6,Appendix A).
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Section 3:Fabrication Requirements
3.1All requirements given in Section 2on Design Requirements shall apply to all fabrication procedures.3.2All welding shall be continuous.Intermittent or spot welding shall not be allowed.
3.3Fillets and corners must be accessible for grinding.3.4Field tanks fabricated for use with high-heat-cured linings (e.g.,unmodified phenol formaldehyde thermo-setting coatings)should have bottoms suitably insulated and installed on properly drained foundations to facilitate proper cure of the lining on the floor of the tank.Because the sand-filled earthen foundation,concrete pad,or other similar foundation is a poor insulator,some means must be considered prior to the application of the lining either to override the heat sink or to distribute the heat uniformly.This can be accomplished in several ways:
(a)
with the use of properly sized heaters;
(b)by placing the tank on a concrete pad topped with a 10-cm (4-in.)layer of vermiculite concrete;(c)by insulating with a high-compressive-strength structural grade insulation between the tank bottom and foundation;
(d)by installing an internal temporary false bottom approximately 1.5m (5ft)above the floor of the tank prior to the final high-temperature bake;or
(e)by other suitable means that will practically and effectively ensure a properly cured lining on the tank floor.
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Section 4:Surface Finish Requirements
4.1Sharp edges and fillets shall be ground to a smooth radius of at least 3mm (1/8in.);6mm (1/4in.)is pre-ferred.4.2Tank surfaces to be lined shall contain no wax or grease pencil marks,gouges,handling marks,deep scratches,metal stamp marks,slivered steel,or other surface flaws.Flaws shall be repaired by solvent cleaning,welding,or grinding,as appropriate.
4.3All rough welds shall be ground to remove sharp edges,undercuts,pinholes,and other such irregularities
(see Figure A2,Appendix A).Chipping can be used to remove sharp edges if followed by grinding.See Appendix C for written and graphic descriptions of five degrees of surface finishing of welds that may be specified preparatory to the lining of tanks and vessels.
4.3.1The amount of grinding performed shall be judicious and performed only to the extent necessary to prepare the weld surface and surrounding metal surfaces in accordance with the specification.Over-grinding,which would result in decreasing the wall
RP0178-95
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thickness or the integrity of the weld beyond the limitations imposed by good welding practices,appli-cable welding codes,or pressure vessel ratings,shall be avoided.
4.4Automatic machine welds may be acceptable as dictated by the specifications for film continuity.
4.5All weld spatter must be removed.Chipping may be used if followed by grinding or the use of an abrasive disc.
4.6The use of an antispatter coating applied adjacent to the weld area prior to welding is suggested.The use of silicone,oil,or any other antispatter materials that would not be readily removed by abrasive blasting shall be avoided.4.7When checking weld continuity,the fabricator shall avoid the use of oils or other foreign materials which would leave a contaminating residue not easily removed by abrasive blasting.
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APPENDIX A—Fabrication Details,Surface Finish Requirements,and Proper Design Considerations
for Metal Tanks and Vessels to Be Lined for Immersion
FIGURE A1
All construction involving pockets or crevices that will not drain or that cannot be
properly abrasive blasted and lined shall be avoided.
DO DON’T
FIGURE A2
All joints shall be continuous full-penetration welds.In tanks that require a 100%holiday-free lining,all welds must be smooth with no porosity,holes,high spots,lumps,or pockets.Grinding is required to eliminate porosity,sharp edges,and high spots.The use of weld metal to fill in undercut or pits is required for severe service conditions and/or high-bake https://www.doczj.com/doc/256766580.html,patible caulking materials may be used for filling in mild service such as dry bulk storage.
Round all sharp edges (0.6-cm [1/4-in.]radius preferred;0.3-cm [1/8-in.]radius
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FIGURE A3
All weld spatter shall be removed.
FIGURE A4
The outlets shall be flanged or pad type rather than threaded.Within pressure limitations,slip-on flanges are preferred because the inside surface of the attaching weld is readily available for radiusing and grinding.If operating pressure dictates the use of weld neck flanges,the inside surface of the attaching weld is in the throat of the nozzle,making repair of surface irregularities by grinding rather difficult.
5cm (2in.)min.
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FIGURE A5
Butt welding should be utilized rather than lap welding or riveted construction.
FIGURE A6
Stiffening members should be on the outside of the vessel or tank.
DO DON’T
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FIGURE A7
Roof-to-Shell Joint.Eliminate crevice and lap weld at roof to shell interface in a
nonpressure vessel.
FIGURE A8
Dissimilar metal (galvanic)corrosion will occur where,for example,an alloy is used to replace the steel bottom of a tank,or similar circumstances when alloy appurtenances must be a part of the construction of the vessel.If a lining is then applied to the steel and part of the alloy (usually 15to 61cm [6to 24in.]),any discontinuity in the lining will expose a small anode surface.Once corrosion starts,it progresses rapidly because of the large exposed alloy cathodic area to the much smaller anodic area.Without the lining,galvanic corrosion will cause the steel to corrode at the weld area,but at a much slower rate.The recommended practice is to line completely the alloy as well as the steel,thereby eliminating the possible occurrence of a large cathode-to-small anode surface.
DO
RP0178-95
Screwed nipple for use
during fabrication and
heat curing of
thermosetting linings
The plug should be left
out for venting and the
hole plugged with
grease to prevent
atmospheric corrosion
of the threads.
FIGURE A9
A technique(detail of fabrication)to allow for good continuity of lining application
for inaccessible areas such as in multicompartment tanks.
2.5cm(1in.)thread nipple
5cm(2
in.)inside
FIGURE A10
Minimum5-cm(2-in.)diameter nozzle required for most thin-film linings.Thicker-film linings may require a larger-diameter nozzle. This diagram also illustrates suggested construction where a threaded connection is required in a tank that requires a holiday-free lining.
8NACE International
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APPENDIX B—Suggested Responsibilities
This section recommends responsibilities that should be assigned to the purchaser,designer,fabricator,lining applicator,and inspector in order to obtain a properly designed and fabricated tank for interior lining.B1.1Joint Responsibilities
B1.1.1The purchaser,designer,fabricator,inspec-tor(s),and applicator should review and agree to the requirements involved before contractual agreements are made.
B1.1.2The purchaser,in agreement with the fabri-cator and lining applicator,should assign respon-sibility for inspection of fabrication,surface finish,and lining application,and such responsibility should be defined in all contracts.
B1.2Responsibilities of the Purchaser (Owner or User)
B1.2.1The purchaser should be responsible for specifying and/or approving the detail requirements for design,fabrication,and surface finish to all parties concerned.
B1.2.1.1The detailed requirements should be fully described in writing and include drawings of the tank to be fabricated and lined and service requirements.
B1.2.1.2The purchaser should advise the designer,fabricator,lining applicator,and all inspectors of the detailed requirements,includ-ing time schedules,inspection,and acceptable requirements,in writing.
B1.3Responsibilities of the Designer
B1.3.1The designer should be responsible for in-cluding the required fabrication and surface details on all sketches and drawings related to the tank.
B1.4Responsibilities of the Fabricator
B1.4.1The fabricator should be responsible for ad-hering to the fabrication and surface finish details shown on the working drawings and described in the tank specifications.
B1.4.2Responsibility for additional welding,grind-ing,or surface finishing that may be revealed by the surface preparation for lining,plus any subsequent reblasting,should be defined in the lining contract.
B1.4.3The fabricator,when checking the quality of the weld,should use only those materials that can be readily and thoroughly removed by the fabricator after completion of the inspection procedure.B1.5Responsibilities of the Lining Applicator
B1.5.1Responsibility for additional welding,grind-ing,or surface finishing that may be revealed by the surface preparation for lining,plus any subsequent reblasting,should be defined in the lining contract.B1.6Responsibilities of the Inspector(s)
B1.6.1A qualified inspector should be responsible for the verification of fulfillment of design,fabrication,and surface finish requirements.
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A P P E N D I X C (C o n t i n u e d )(1)
(1)
T h e w r i t t e n d e s c r i p t i o n s o f t h e v a r i o u s d e g r e e s o f s u r f a c e p r e p a r a t i o n o f w e l d s i n t h e a p p e n d i x o f t h i s s t a n d a r d t a k e p r e c e d e n c e o v e r t h e g r a p h i c s a n d t h e c o m p a n i o n v i s u a l c o m p a r a t o r .T h e g r a p h i c s a r e o n l y p i c t o r i a l r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s o f w e l d s a n d g r i n d i n g f i n i s h e s a n d a r e n o t i n t e n d e d t o b e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f t h e i n t e g r i t y o f t h e w e l d s .T h e "a s i s "o r i g i n a l w e l d i s n o t a t y p i c a l w e l d ;i t i s o n l y i n t e n d e d t o i l l u s t r a t e d e f e c t s i n w e l d s t h a t m u s t b e c o r r e c t e d p r i o r t o c o a t i n g a n d l i n i n g .G o o d w e l d i n g p r a c t i c e s a n d w e l d i n g c o d e s g o v e r n t h e i n t e g r i t y o f t h e w e l d ;t h i s s t a n d a r d o n l y a d d r e s s e s s u r f a c e p r e p a r a t i o n o f t h e w e l d s f o r t h e p u r p o s e o f c o a t i n g a n d l i n i n g f o r i m m e r s i o n s e r v i c e .
(2)A b r a s i v e b l a s t i n g i n p r e p a r a t i o n f o r c o a t i n g m a y r e v e a l a d d i t i o n a l p o r o s i t y a n d u n d e r c u t t i n g .S o m e a p p l i c a t o r s r e q u e s t t h e f a b r i c a t o r t o b l a s t t h e w e l d s t o r e v e a l t h e s e i m p e r f e c t i o n s p r i o r t o r e q u e s t i n g i n s p e c t i o n o f t h e g r i n d i n g b y t h e l i n i n g a p p l i c a t o r .R e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r r e p a i r o f i m p e r f e c t i o n s s o r e v e a l e d s h o u l d b e r e s o l v e d i n t h e p r e -j o b c o n f e r e n c e .
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应聘秘书的中英文求职信范文 前言：个人简历是求职者给招聘单位发的一份简要介绍，包括个人的基本信息、过往实习工作经验以及求职目标对应聘工作的简要理解，在编写简历时，要强调工作目标和重点，语言精简，避免可能会使你被淘汰的不相关信息。写出一份出色的个人简历不光是对找工作很有用处，更是让陌生人对本人第一步了解和拉进关系的线。本文档根据个人简历内容要求和特点展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文下载后内容可随意调整修改及打印。 英文版 personal details name: miss. liang xiaoyan nationality: china （mainland） current place: guangzhou height/weight: 163 cm marital status: married age: 27 years career objective
application type: jobseeker preferred job title: admin staff/assistant: assistant 、 shipping: 、 secretary/paper staff: working life: 3 title: no title job type: full time expected start date: in a day expected salary: ￥2，000--￥3，500 preferred working place: guangzhou work experience company's name: guangzhou sanny import and export co.， ltdbegin and end date: XX-01-XX-08 enterprise nature: private enterprisesindustry: mechnical follow all the business for old customers. 2> place new order to factory， follow producing process. 3> prepare paper work for custom declaration and inspection.
中英文求职信 提要：随信附上我的简历，如有机会与您面谈，我将十分感谢。即使贵公司认为我还不符合你们的条件，我也将一如既往地关注贵公司的发展，并在此致以最诚挚的祝愿。 更多内容通告 DearSir, Twoyearsasaseniorclerkin*salesdepartmentof*theGreatwallcompanyhave,Ibelievegivenmetheexpe riencetoqualifyforthejobyouadvertisedin51jobwebsite. Since2000Ihavebeenresponsiblefor*allofficedetailsintheadministrationofsales,,Ihavebecomefamili arwiththevarioussalesterritories,andhavealsoinmysparetimeexperienceofhandlingbusinessproblems otherthanmypropersphere. TheyearsbeforeIwasemployedattheGreatwall,Iwasasecretaryfor*LongDragon, Iwasgraduatedat*wuhanUniversity,*twenty-sevenyearsofageandsingle. Iamleavingmypresentpositio mayIseeyouatyourofficetotellyoumoreaboutmyselfandshowyoujusthowwellIcandotheworkyourequ ire. yoursfaithfully, 参考译文: 敬启者: 在51job人才网站上,获悉贵公司招聘人才。本人曾担任长城公司*销售部高级职员两年,自信有充分工作经验,可担任贵公司所招聘的职务。 本人自二零零零年开始,一直担任*售货业务以及函件的撰写工作。在工作期间,除正式业务范围外,与各地区客户颇有来往,并利用公余时间,学会了很多有关商业问题的处理。 在长城公司任职前,我曾在*长龙会计公司担任过秘书工作。在任职期间,学会很多有关会计名词及会计作业程序。 本人*现年二十七岁,未婚,一九九七年毕业于*武汉大学,我希望有机会充分利用自己工作能力,从事更大范围工作之需要,这是我急于离开现职的主要原国。本人现任职的公司老板,对我的工作雄心颇为赞许,因此,愿协助找另谋他职。 如果方便的话,我愿亲赴贵公司办公室晋见阁下,以便详细说明。
求职信中英文对照范文 求职信是我们求职过程中的一个重要环节，你知道你的中文求职信怎么翻译成英文吗?下面由为你提供的求职信中英文对照范文，希望能帮到你。 求职信中英文对照范文(一)尊敬的先生/小姐： 您好!我从报纸上看到贵公司的招聘信息，我对网页兼职编辑一职很感兴趣。 我现在是出版社的在职编辑，从1998年获得硕士学位后至今，一直在出版社担任编辑工作。两年以来，对出版社编辑的工作已经有了相当的了解和熟悉。经过出版者工作协会的正规培训和两年的工作经验，我相信我有能力担当贵公司所要求的网页编辑任务。 我对计算机有着非常浓厚的兴趣。我能熟练使用FrontPage和DreamWeaver、PhoteShop等网页制作工具。本人自己做了一个个人主页，日访问量已经达到了100人左右。通过互联网，我不仅学到了很多在日常生活中学不到的东西，而且坐在电脑前轻点鼠标就能尽晓天下事的快乐更是别的任何活动所不及的。 由于编辑业务的性质，决定了我拥有灵活的工作时间安排和方便的办公条件，这一切也在客观上为我的兼职编辑的工作提供了必要的帮助。基于对互联网和编辑事务的精通和喜好，以及我自身的客观
条件和贵公司的要求，我相信贵公司能给我提供施展才能的另一片天空，而且我也相信我的努力能让贵公司的事业更上一层楼。 随信附上我的简历，如有机会与您面谈，我将十分感谢。即使贵公司认为我还不符合你们的条件，我也将一如既往地关注贵公司的发展，并在此致以最诚挚的祝愿。 此致 求职信人：xxx 20xx年xx月xx日 April 13,2000 P.O. Box 36 BIIT University Beijing,China 100000 Dear Sir/Madam: Are you searching for a telecommunications manager with expertise in project management and team leadership? I specialize in creating and implementing high-performance strategies that directly impact growth and profitability of large telecommunications companies. In addition to my knowledge of business processes, I also offer proficiency in telecom software development and cutting-edge technologies. I am relocating to Shenzhen and would be interested in
大学生兼职求职信（中英文） 献给兼职求职的大学生们： 尊敬的领导： 你好!! 本人是在校学生，对快速成长的贵公司非常感兴趣。从XX日报得知，贵公司提供暑期实习生的职位，在认真阅读了岗位说明之后，我认为本人完全符合贵公司的要求，特此递上这份求职信。 本人在学校学生会各部门中工作和学习，现已升为学生会主席。今年1月份在佛山做过电子产品销售，熟悉各部门业务，包括与客户关系、沟通、及微笑曲线原则。对市场营销、客服服务深有体会和丰厚的实践经验。本人与XX 年曾经到Xx公司参与实习，业绩斐然，获得公司领导的嘉奖，是个难得营销人才。 本人将在暑假放假到XX市兼职学习，如能蒙赐机会，使本人显示如何有助于贵公司达到目标则感激不尽。 我这次暑期实习工作的主要目的是发挥自己的优势为贵公司创造价值，同时继续提升自我能力，并且获得经济上的收益，为明年的上学、生活得到一定保障，望贵公司能给以成全。 我很希望能加盟贵公司，发挥我的潜力。随信附上我的简历。如有机会与您面谈，我将十分感谢。
[大学生兼职求职信] Dear Hiring Manager, I am interested in the part-time position at Sarasota Saddlery advertised in The Sarasotian. I have equine experience, as I have been around horses for over nine years. Not only have I showed and rode horses, but I have also had extensive experience assisting in a barn. Through working with horses, I have acquired a thorough knowle ge of horses, tack, and equine apparel for both horse and rider. While I have equine experience, I also have excellent communication skills and an aptitude for customer service. My past experience as a volunteer at Sarasota Hospital made it necessary for me to focus on providing quality customer service, and also enabled me to work with all types of people. I believe that my communication skills, partnered with my equine knowledge, would make me an asset to your company. Thank you for your consideration. I can be reached at 111-111-1111 or 222-222-2222.. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely, Your Signature Your Typed Name [大学生兼职求职信] directions: the summer vacation is drawing near. you, liming by name, want to find a part-time job. write an application letter of about 120-150 words within 30 minutes.
常考应用文 应用文主要指各种书信, 如求职信、投诉信、申请信、邀请信、推荐信和感谢信等。按文体,书信 可分为私人信件和事务信件 , 考试中涉及到的大都为事务信件。考生应注意书信的格式及重要书信体 的写法。 一、事务信件的格式 英文书信的格式, 尤其是正式的事务信件的格式与汉语的同类书信格式不同。就形式而言 , 英语 的事务信件可分为三种样式 : 现代常用格式 (modified form ) 、齐头式 (blocked form ) 和缩进式(indented form ) 。 1. 现代常用格式 : William Scott ( 写信人姓名 ) College of Education( 写信人地址 ) 5284University of Oregon U.S.A. March 20,2003( 写信日期 ) Mr.John Smith ( 收信人姓名 ) 235Wall Street ( 收信人地址 ) New York 5.N.Y. 16432 U.S.A. Dear Mr.John Smith:( 称呼 ) ( 正文 ) Yours truly,( 套语 ) Signature ( 手写签名 ) William Scott( 打字签名 ) Director of Admissions and Student Affairs ( 职务 ) Enclosure:( 附件 )
2. 齐头式 : William Scott( 写信人姓名 ) College of Education( 写信人地址 ) 5284 University of Oregon U.S.A. March 20,2003( 写信日期 ) Mr.John Smith ( 收信人姓名 ) 235Wall Street ( 收信人地址 ) New York 5.N.Y. 16432 U.S.A. Dear Mr. John Smith:( 称呼 ) ( 正文 ) Yours truly,( 套语 ) Signature ( 手写签名 ) DirectorofAdmissions and Student Affairs ( 职务 ) Enclosure:( 附件 ) 3. 缩进式 : William Sc 。 "( 写信人姓名 ) College of Education( 写信人地址 ) 5284University of Oregon U.S.A. March 20,2003( 写信日期 ) Mr.John Smith ( 收信人姓名 ) 235Wall Street ( 收信人地址 ) New York 5.N.Y. 16432 U.S.A. Dear Mr. John Smith:( 称呼 ) ( 正文 ) Yours sincerely,( 套语 ) Signature ( 手写签名 )
关闭窗口打印页面 英文求职信:中英文职位对照表 Administration(行政部分） AdministrativeDirector行政主管FileClerk档案管理员 ExecutiveAssistant行政助理OfficeManager办公室经理 ExecutiveSecretary行政秘书Receptionist接待员 GeneralOfficeClerk办公室文员Secretary秘书 InventoryControlAnalyst存货控制分析StaffAssistant助理 MailRoomSupervisor信件中心管理员Stenographer速记员 OrderEntryClerk订单输入文员TelephoneOperator电话操作员 Shipping/ReceivingExpediter收发督导员TicketAgent票务代理 Vice-PresidentofAdministration行政副总裁Typist打字员ExecutiveandManagerial(管理部分) RetailStoreManager零售店经理FoodServiceManager食品服务经理 ExecutiveMarketingDirector市场行政总监HMOAdministrator医疗保险管理 AssistantStoreManager商店经理助理OperationsManager操作经理 AssistantVice-President副总裁助理ProductionManager生产经理 ChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO)首席执行官PropertyManager房地产经理 ChiefOperationsOfficer(COO)首席运营官BranchManager部门经理 Controller(International)国际监管ClaimsExaminer主考官 DirectorofOperations运营总监Controller(General)管理员 FieldAssuranceCoordinator土地担保协调员GeneralManager总经理 ManagementConsultant管理顾问DistrictManager市区经理
中英文求职信范文 中英文求职信范文（中文） 【范文一】 尊敬的领导： 您好!我ｘｘｘ大学ｘｘ专业的一名应届毕业生。近期获知贵公司正在聘请人才，我自信能胜任这一职位，因此专门写了这封信。感谢您能在百忙中翻阅我的求职信。通过四年物流专业的学习。我熟练掌握与现代物流相关的知识。并于20ｘｘ年国家物流师职业资格证书。 四年的大学校园和社会实践生活使我不断地挑战自我、开拓创新，为实现自身价值打下了坚实的基础。在校期间得到了老师和同学们的一致确信。作为一名ｘｘ专业应届毕业生，我期望从一线职位做起，把所学到的专业知识，与实际工作情况相结合，快速积存最基础的工作经验，因此工作初期时期，本人期望从事物流实际操作。 本人在校成绩最好的是ｘｘ，这是由于本人的爱好所决定的，ｘｘ差不多上我最喜爱的专业，因此我期望从事职业----ｘｘ。在大学期间，我参加过多次社会实践活动，并曾在多家公司做过兼职工作。正因为此，使我积存了丰富的实践经验，而且更加注重团队合作精神和集体观念，更加明确了我的人一辈子目标。我坚信，生活需要自己来勾画，不一样的方式就有不一样的人一辈子。以后的事业更要靠自己去探究和拼搏。请您相信我对工作认真负责的态度，假如能得到您的观赏，我将会用实际行动来回报您的信任。感谢。 我非常期望能进入贵公司，并为公司的进展贡献自己的一份力量。祝您工作顺利。躯体健康。 此致敬礼! 求职人： 年月日 【范文二】 尊敬的领导： 您好!感谢您在百忙中翻阅我的求职信! 我是南京财经大学会计专业的大学生。我非常荣幸有机回向您呈上我的个人资料。 作为一名会计学专业的大学生，我热爱我的专业并为其投入了巨大的热情和精力。在四
中英文对照的求职信 这是一篇由网络搜集整理的关于中英文对照的求职信范文的文档，希望对你能有帮助。 first sincerely wish you good health, success in work, and family happiness! heartfelt thank you in spite of being very busy toglance through my recommendation, i open a door of hope. 我是一名完成实习的应届毕业生。在我将投身社会之际，为了找到符合自己专业的工作，更好的发挥自己的才能，实现自己的'人生价值谨冒昧的向领导作自己推荐－因为贵院良好的专业水准和治学态度深深的吸引了我。 i am a graduate of complete practice. i will be in society, in order to find his professional work, the better use of their talents, to achieve their life values to the liberty to be recommended leadership - because your good professional scholastic attitude and deeply attracted me. 生长在农村的我乐观上进心强，为人开朗随和，有很好的适应能力和人际沟通能力。我热爱护理事业，因为热爱，所以认真，在校期间，我认真学习，努力加强各科理论知识(曾获得国家励志奖学金和学院一等奖学金)，同时在寒暑假去医院见习，就是这份热情使我的大学生活充实而快乐。 growth in the countryside is self-motivated, i am optimistic cheerful easygoing, has good adaptability and interpersonal communication skills. i love, because of love, care, and so earnest during school, i study hard, to strengthen under the theoretical knowledge (won the country pursues scholarships and
教师求职信中英文版 篇一 Dear Dr. Anderson, Mr.Li Quanzhi who has just returned to China from your university informed that you are considering the possibility of offering a Chinese language course to your students in the next academic year and may have an opening for a teacher of the Chinese language. I am very much interested in such a position. I have been teaching Chinese literature and composition at college level since 1980. In the past three years, I have worked in summer programs, teaching the Chinese language and culture to students from English-speaking courtries. As a result， I got to know well the common problems of these students and how to adapt teaching to achieve the best results. With years of intensive English training, I have no difficulty conducting classes in English and feel queit comfortable working with American students. I will be available after February 2021.Please fell free to contact me if you wish more information. Thank you very much for your consideration and I look forward to hearing from you. Sincerely yours, Shi Hongqi 安德森博士： 从刚从贵校返回的李全志先生处，德知贵校正在考虑下学年给贵校学生开设中文课，或可有一中文教师之空缺。本人对此职颇有兴趣。 从1980年起，本人一直在高校讲授中国文学与写作课程。过去三年中，我曾主讲暑期课程，向来自英语国家的学生教授中国语言与文化。因此，我对外国学生常见的学习困难非常熟知，并能设法改进教授方法以取得最佳效果。 积数年对英语的勤奋学习，我能毫无困难地用英语讲课，并能与美国学生轻松相处。 本人2021年2月后即可到任。如需本人其他情况请随时来函。谢谢你的考虑并期盼回音。 施宏起启 篇二
中英文自荐信范文4篇 dear sir, i am looking for employment as from the summer of 1989. i am enrolled in the graduate division of the department of education at the university of michigan. my major is education. i feel qualified to work as a teacher at the primary or secondary level. my teaching experience is quite extensive and varied, but i have concentrated most of all on instruction of physical sciences in middle schools. i would be very happy to work within school if this is possible. since your agency has a fine reputation for helping students locate work, i hope you will be able to provide me with something both remunerative and related to my interests. thank you very much for your kind attention. please send me an answer at your earliest convenience. respectfully yours, 敬启者: 我已在密西根州立大学教育系,研究所注册入学,意欲自一九八九年起谋职,我主修教育,并有广泛之教学经验,自信能担任小学或初中教师。在中学读书时,对物理科学特别注意。 若可能的话,我很乐意担任学校教职。因為贵机构以帮助学生谋职著称,故希望贵机构亦能提供与我兴趣有关工作。 阁下对我之厚意,本人至为感激,并请尽速惠函示知。 xx启中英文对照体现教师职业特色的自荐信范文 dear dr. anderson, mr.li quanzhi who has just returned to china from your university informed that you are considering the possibility of offering a chinese language course to your students in the next academic
求职信中英范文英语作文求职信100词以内带翻译范文 Dear Sir or Madam, I have learned from an advertisement that your pany is in need of a secretary. I would like you to consider me for the position. My name is Li Min. I am twenty-three years old. I am studying business management in Xiamen University. I will graduate this summer. I am familiar with puter operation and officesoftwares, which can help me do the office work very well. And I have learned English for ten years.In the past two years, I have been an editor for the English Paper of my department. My grades e out top in my department. What's more, I like office work very much and I also think that I can be petent for the job.If I could have the opportunity to get the job I will be quite appreciative. Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to hearing from you. Yours faithfully
中英文求职信优秀范文 中英文求职信优秀模板精选 中文求职信模板精选 中文求职信模板（一） 尊敬的先生/小姐： 您好！本人欲申请贵公司网站上招聘的网络维护工程师职位。我自信符合贵公司的要求。 今年 7 月我将从清华大学毕业。我的硕士研究生专业是计算机开发及应用论文内容是研究 Linu_ 系统在网络服务器上的应用。这不仅使我系统地掌握了网络设计及维护方面的技术同时又使我对当今网络的发展有了深刻的认识。 在大学期间我多次获得各项奖学金而且发表过多篇论文。我还担任过班长、团支书具有很强的组织和协调能力。很强的事业心和责任感使我能够面队任何困难和挑战。 互联网促进了整个世界的发展我愿为中国互联网和贵公司的发展做出自己的贡献。 随信附有我的简历。如有机会与您面谈我将十分感谢。 此致 郑岩 2000.4.1 中文求职信模板（二） 尊敬的先生/小姐：
您好！我从报纸上看到贵公司的招聘信息我对网页兼职编辑一职很感兴趣。 我现在是出版社的在职编辑从 1998 年获得硕士学位后至今一直在出版社担任编辑工作。两年以来对出版社编辑的工作已经有了相当的了解和熟悉。经过出版者工作协会的正规培训和两年的工作经验我相信我有能力担当贵公司所要求的网页编辑任务。 我对计算机有着非常浓厚的兴趣。我能熟练使用FrontPage 和DreamWeaver、PhoteShop 等网页制作工具。本人自己做了一个个人主页日访问量已经达到了 100 人左右。通过互联网我不仅学到了很多在日常生活中学不到的东西而且坐在电脑前轻点鼠标就能尽晓天下事的快乐更是别的任何活动所不及的。 由于编辑业务的性质决定了我拥有灵活的工作时间安排和方便的办公条件这一切也在客观上为我的兼职编辑的工作提供了必要的帮助。 基于对互联网和编辑事务的精通和喜好以及我自身的客观条件和贵公司的要求我相信贵公司能给我提供施展才能的另一片天空而且我也相信我的努力能让贵公 司的事业更上一层楼。 随信附上我的简历如有机会与您面谈我将十分感谢。即使贵公司认为我还不符合你们的条件我也将一如既往地关注贵公司的发展并在此致以最诚挚的祝愿。 此致
关于中英文求职信范文 Bank personal cover letter Hello. The bank has been a good image in the social reputation, I am about to graduate, if there is a chance is willing to your company can effect a modest! My name is XXX, graduated from the China University of Mining and Technology, was studying financial management specialty. The following is my personal letter of introduction. I to your bank for some basic understanding. As a newcomer students finish their studies, I have the confidence to accept the social test and the challenge from its own. During my college study hard, strict demands on themselves, respect for teachers, and actively participate in various activities organized by the school. On weekdays, and teachers and students live together in peace together. In English, passed Band Four six examination. I know, the bank clerk is the need to have a strong sense of responsibility, practice. Therefore, in school period, I tried a different practice and work. I do Secretary, did the promotion, has made the family, worked as a waitress, different occupation has given me a different experience let me gradually from a silly little girl into an independent thinking, problem solving skill and teamwork spirit. In order to remain invincible in the work, do a better job. I hope to go to your bank to work, to learn the theory of combination of knowledge and practice, so that their life can have a qualitative leap. I believe that your bank is whole image, management mode, working atmosphere will be more attractive to me in my mind, is the pursuit of the ideals and goals. We enclosed a copy of my resume, hope to be able to notice will have the opportunity to meet. Sincerely yours Salute 银行个人求职信 您好!贵银行一直以良好形象在社会上享有美誉，我即将毕业，如果有机会的话很愿意能为贵公司效一份微薄之力!我叫XXX，毕业于XX大学，学习的是财务管理专业。以下是我个人求职信的内容介绍。
求职信中英文语句 求职信中英文语句： reply to your advertisement in today’s newspaper，I respectfully offer my services for the situation、拜读今日XX报上贵公司的广告，本人特此备函应征该职位。 to your advertisement into- day’s issue of the （newspaper），I wish to apply for the position in your esteemed firm、拜读贵公司在今日（报纸）上广告，范文写作特此备函应征贵公司该职位。 reference to your advertisement in（newspaper）of May2for a clerk，I offer myself for the post、从五月二日XX报上广告栏得知贵公司招聘一位职员，我愿应招。 wish to apply for the position advertised in the enclosed clipping from the（newspaper）of November 12、个人简历谨随函附上一月二日XX报贵公司招聘广告，我愿应招此职位。 answer to your advertisement into- day’s newspaper for a secretary，I wish to tender my services、阁下在今日XX报上刊登招聘秘书广告，本人获悉，特此应招。
from XX that you are looking for a sales manager，I should like to apply for the position、从XX处得悉，贵公司正在招聘一名业务经理，我愿应招此职。 advertisement for a telephone operator in the newspaper of March8has interested me，I feel I can fill that position、贵公司三月八日在XX报上刊登招聘电话接线员广告，范文内容地图本人拜读后极感兴趣，相信能担任此职。 这是篇好范文参考内容，讲的是关于广告、公司、报上、招聘、今日、职位、本人、特此等方面的内容，希望对网友有用。
中英文求职信 1、求职信的概述和要点 写求职信的理由： （1）从何处得悉招聘信息、你的申请目的、加入企业的原因，你要申请什么职位；（2）做自我介绍，说明你为什么适合申请的职位，提出你能为未来雇主做些什么，而不是他们为你做什么； （3）简明突出你的相关实力，即为什么你比别人更适合这个位置； （4）强调你所受过的培训、你的经历、技能和成就； 结尾段落中提出你的进一步行动请求，这里你可以建议如何进一步联络，留下可以随时联系到你的电话或地址。当然如果能对阅读者表示感谢，效果会更好，以我们的经验，现在许多公司招聘任务是十分繁重的，招聘人员每天要阅读大量的简历，一句关切的问候会给人留下很深的印象。 2、求职信与简历的区别 在西方，求职信和简历是一样重要的。而在我国，虽然有的雇主不要求写求职信，有的猎头顾问或是企业招聘人员也没时间仔细阅读求职信，但求职信的作用还是不容小看。从最近网上的一份网上调查：“人事经理，您对求职信的关注程度如何？”34%参与调查的人事经理表示非常重视求职信、54%的人事经理表示将求职信作为重要参考、只有11%的人事经理是根本不看求职信。 3、求职信技巧
当到招聘单位应聘时，灵活掌握一些基本技巧有助于求值的成功。这里应注意以下几点。 第一，要积极主动。求职自荐是求职者的主动行为，求职自荐信、个人简历等求职自荐材料的呈交、寄送，要尽量及时进行。应做到：不等对方索要，主动呈交；不等对方提问，主动向对方介绍；不消极等待回音，主动询问。这样往往给人一种“态度积极、求职心切、胸有成竹”的感觉。 第二，重点突出。在介绍自己的情况时，要重点突出自己的能力和知识。可以详细介绍自己的专长、经验、能力、兴趣等，本人和家庭情况简单介绍即可。与众不同的东西，才是魅力所在。平铺直叙，过分谦虚，有碍用人单位对自己的全面了解和全面评价，而且易失去求职自荐的机会。 第三，要如实全面。在介绍自己各方面情况时一定要实事求是，优点不虚谈，缺点不掩饰，是一说一，是二说二，客观全面，不能吹嘘或夸大，尤其是在介绍自己以往学习、工作上取得的成果时，一定要恰如其分。否则，效果将适得其反。同时，自我介绍材料要全面、完整，切忌丢三落四；个人基本情况、社会观系、工作简历、学习成绩、业务特长及爱好，不能缺少其中任何一项，否则会有不全面的感觉。求职自荐信、推荐表、个人简历、证明材料一应俱全，才能给用人单位以系统全面的整体印象。 第四，要有的放矢。针对用人单位的具体要求，强调自己的社会经验和专业所长，这样才能使招聘者相信自己就是最理想的应聘者。比如用人单位招聘文秘人员，应介绍自己文、史、哲知识及写作才能；用人单位招聘科研人员，应该介绍学习成绩和科研成果；用人单位招聘管理人员，应介绍做学生干部和在工作期间当领导的经验及组织管理才能。强调针对性的同时，也不能抹杀相关知识才能的作用。专业特长加上广泛的知识面和兴趣爱好会更受用人单位的青睐。