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2016届高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 阅读知识部分 第一章 阅读理解

第一部分阅读知识部分

第一章阅读理解

【2015·新课标全国卷I】

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。

A

Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum

Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August.Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.They end around 21:00.

November_7th

The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis.James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building.Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.

December_5th

Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.

February_6th

An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer.We will have a report on the present state of play.

March_6th

Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.The Thames had many islands.Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

Online bookings:https://www.doczj.com/doc/295415037.html,/book

More info:https://www.doczj.com/doc/295415037.html,/whatson

London Canal Museum

12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

https://www.doczj.com/doc/295415037.html, www.canalmuseum.mobi

Tel:020 ********

【试题分析】文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座内容的简介。

1. When is the talk on James Brindley?

A.February 6th. B.March 6th.

C.November 7th. D.December 5th.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.”所对应的日期“November 7th”。故选C。

答案:C

2. What is the topic of the talk in February?

A.The Canal Pioneers.

B.Ice for the Metropolis

C.Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands

D.An Update on the Cotsword Canals

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第四段“February 6th”中的第一句“An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne.The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.”可以得出答案。故选D。

答案:D

3. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

A.Miranda Vickers B.Malcolm Tucker

C.Chris Lewis D.Liz Payne

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句“Eyots and Aits-Thames Isl ands, by Miranda Vickers.”可以知道做报告的人是Mirands Vickers。故选A。

答案:A

B

The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”.I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.

The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries, t he red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.

Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home,they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York.I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.

Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where luckily for me.I was planning to have dinner that night.Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.

【试题分析】文章讲述了作者生活在冬天寒冷的纽约,当有一个到佛罗里达州萨拉索塔一周的机会,作者体验到不同的冬天。

4. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?

A.Exciting. B.Boring.

C.Relaxing. D.Annoying.

解析:推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“The freezing Northeast hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,”可以推测出作者在纽约冬天的生活是令人厌烦的。故选B。

答案:B

5.What made the author's getting up late early worthwhile?

A.Having a swim.

B.Breathing in fresh air.

C.Walking in the morning sun.

D.Visiting a local farmer's market.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.”可知作者早上7点到农产品市场是有意义的。可知选D。

答案:D

6. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?

A.They are soft. B.They look nice.

C.They taste great. D.They are juicy.

解析:推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.”可知,纽约的西红柿在商店里看起来是很吸引人的。可知选B。

答案:B

7.What was the author going to that evening?

A.Go to a farm.

B.Check into a hotel.

C.Eat in a restaurant.

D.Buy fresh vegetable.

解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其倒数第一二句可知,作者晚上计划在餐馆吃饭,并且点西红柿。故选C。

答案:C

C

Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition,the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.

The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and meet with the

beginning, the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.

The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限).“From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus:amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.

The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg.

【试题分析】本文主要介绍了最受欢迎的现代艺术及萨尔瓦多·达利的艺术作品在巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心展览的细节。

8.Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?

A.Optimistic. B.Productive.

C.Generous. D.Traditional.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”可知达利作品是多产的。故选B。

答案:B

9.What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?

A.One of his masterworks.

B.A successful screen adaptation.

C.An artistic creation for the stage.

D.One of the beat TV programmes.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知The Persistence of Memory”是他的杰作之一。故选A。

答案:A

10. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?

A.By popularity. B.By importance.

C.By size and shape. D.By time and subject.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through th e brain.”可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。

答案:D

11. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?

A.Artworks. B.Projects.

C.Donations. D.Documents.

解析:词义推测题。根据文章最后一段“The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spian, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg.”可以推测出contribution为“艺术作品”之一。故选A。

答案:A

D

Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope.This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”.Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isn't always easy.They customers who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论),slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,”Lehanne told them.“Say ‘I think,’‘Think me’.”

A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un-French.But Lehanne's psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes.Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.

The city's psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places.Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lovers, anger, and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel.“There's a strong need in Paris for communication”, says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up” Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France.“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist”, she says,“If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.But them, it wouldn't be France.”

【试题分析】文章主要讲述了法国精神咖啡馆(psychology cafes)的社会意义和功能特色,以及在法国越来越受欢迎。

12. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?

A.Learn a new subject.

B.Keep in touch with friends.

C.Show off their knowledge.

D.Express their true feelings.

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.”可知在La Chope咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。故选D。

答案:D

13. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?

A.They are less frequently visited.

B.They stay open for longer hours.

C.They have bigger night crowds.

D.They start to serve fast food.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.”可知改变了年轻一代更多时间呆在家里。故选A。

答案:A

14. What are theme cafes expected to do?

A.Create more jobs.

B.Supply better drinks.

C.Save the cafe business.

D.Serve the neighborhood.

解析:推理判断题。根据第二段“Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.”可以得出答案。故选C。

答案:C

15. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?

A.They bring people true friendship.

B.They give people spiritual support.

C.They help people realize their dreams.

D.They offer a platform for business links.

解析:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist,” she says, “If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.but them, it wouldn't be France.”可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。

答案:B

【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。

A

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge.The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.

Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.

Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.Winning entries will be published in a book.Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given.Families of those who take part in will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.

Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration.The program guidelines and other related information are available at: http://https://www.doczj.com/doc/295415037.html,.

【试题分析】剑桥科技节举办“好奇心大挑战”活动。本文介绍了该项活动的具体内容、奖励授予及活动时间等。

1.Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?

A.School students.

B.Cambridge locals.

C.CSF winners.

D.MIT artists.

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The challenge invites,even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing...”可知,是学校学生参加该项活动。

答案:A

2.When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?

A.On February 8th.

B.On March 10th

C.On March 15th.

D.On April 21st.

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“...at a special ceremony duri ng the CSF on Sunday,April 21st.”可知,授奖仪式是在四月二十一日举行。

答案:D

3. What type of writing is this text?

A.An exhibition guide.

B.An art show review.

C.An announcement.

D.An official report.

解析:推理判断题。根据本文所给的标题及活动内容的介绍,包括具体活动内容、授奖情况及活动日期等可以推知,本文是一篇通知。

答案:C

B

Passenger pigeons(旅鸽)once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks(群)so large that they darkened the sky for hours.

It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passe nger pigeons-a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.

Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the https://www.doczj.com/doc/295415037.html,mercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.

By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans' need for wood, which scattered(驱散)the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone, never

to be seen again.

In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900.For a time, a few birds survived under human care.The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.

【试题分析】据记载,在18世纪及19世纪,美国有大量的旅鸽。本文描述了这一期间旅鸽的生存状况。

4. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons________.

A.were the biggest bir d in the world

B.lived mainly in the south of America

C.did great harm to the natural environment

D.were the largest population in the US

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二句的信息可知,在18世纪及19世纪早期,美国旅鸽的数量很大。

答案:D

5. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons________.

A.escape B.ruin

C.liberation D.evolution

解析:词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“...people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.”可知,人们认为旅鸽数量极大,因此大量捕杀它们,所以正是由于旅鸽数量大才导致它们被捕杀,故可推知该词的意思是“损坏,破坏”之意。

答案:B

6.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?

A.To seek pleasure.

B.To save other birds.

C.To make money.

D.To protect crops.

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.”可知,他们捕杀旅鸽的原因是为了赚钱。

答案:C

7. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?

A.It was ignored by the public.

B.It was declared too late.

C.It was unfair.

D.It was strict.

解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知,虽然密歇根州制定了法律,但是到那个时候,已经不能见到大量的旅鸽了,这说明法律制定及宣布得太迟。

答案:B

C

A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭子)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention , but it's mostly for

show.In reality , it's the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face , the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided , the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options , the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion ? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g.lose weight , start a business , travel more )-only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress ?

This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things , and so we take less action , make less progress , and stay the same when we could be improving.

It doesn't have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face , remember this:All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go , something you want to accomplish , someone you want to become....take immediate action.If you're clear about where you want to go , the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out the way.

【试题分析】面对生活中的众多选择,我们应该如何做?通过文中驯兽师的做法,我们可以得到些启发。

8. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A.To trick the lion.

B.To show off his skill.

C.To get ready for a fight.

D.To entertain the audience.

解析:推理判断题。根据第一段第四、五句可知,驯兽师举起椅子的目的是为了分散狮子的注意力,可见驯兽师使用椅子的目的是欺骗狮子。

答案:A

9. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A.They feel puzzled over choices.

B.They hold on to the wrong things.

C.They find it hard to make changes.

D.They have to do something for show.

解析:推理判断题。结合前三段的内容可知,人们对待选择的态度通常是疑惑不解的,这就与狮子面对椅子时的情况相同。

答案:A

10. What is the author's attitude towards the experts mentioned in paragraph 3?

A.Tolerant

B.Doubtful

C.Respectful

D.Supportive

解析:推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知,专家们也忙于讨论什么是最好的选择这个问题,很明显,他们的做法也令人感到疑惑。

答案:B

11.When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you're advised to________. A.wait for a better chance

B.break your old habits

C.make a quick decision

D.ask for clear guidance

解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“All you need to do is focus on one thing...take immediate action.”可知,你所得到的建议是“尽快做出决定”。

答案:C

D

As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations -UNESCO and National Geographic among them-have,have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that_tradition.His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials -including photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now, through the two o rganizations that he has founded-the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project-Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected,thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet,Turin notes,the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

【试题分析】世界上许多语言正面临着灭绝的形势,针对这种现状,科学家和学者付出了很大的努力去拯救这些语言及其所反映的文化。

12.Many scholars are making efforts to________.

A.promote global languages

B.rescue the disappearing languages

C.search for language communities

D.set up languages research organizations

解析:细节理解题。文章第一段提到世界上有些语言正面临灭绝的形势,再根据第二段第一句中“In an effort to prevent language loss”可知,学者们努力的目的是为了拯救正在消失的语言。

答案:B

13. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A.Having first records of the languages.

B.Writing books on language searching.

C.Telling stories about language users.

D.Linking with the native speakers.

解析:词义猜测题。根据第二段最后的“have for many years bee n documenting dying languages...”可以推知,该词组的意思是“有关语言的记录”。

答案:A

14.What is Turin's book based on?

A.The cultural statics in India.

B.The documents available at Yale.

C.His language research in Britain.

D.His personal experience in Nepal.

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...g rows out of his experience living,working,and raising a family in a village in Nepal.”可知,他的书基于个人的生活经历。

答案:D

15.Which of the following best describes Turin's Work?

A.Write,sell and donate.

B.Record,repeat and reward.

C.Collect,protect and reconnect.

D.Design, experiment and report.

解析:推理判断题。根据第四段第一句、第五段最后一句和最后一段最后一句中相关信息可以推知C项为正确答案。

答案:C

【2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ 】

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。

A

Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my s ix-year-old son's winter break form school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week long trip.The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I have a meeting in New York,So I had to get back.But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my nine-month -old and took off for home.

The next day my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn”

more Delta Dollars.Our total take:$1,600.Not bad, huh?

Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar.And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.

I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its longer, and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.

【试题分析】本文主要通过讲述作者和家人乘坐飞机的故事,阐明了作者对于花钱购物等的态度和认识。在作者看来,我们在花钱的时候要精打细算,理智消费。

1. Why did Delta give the author's family credits?

A.They took a later flight.

B.They had early bookings.

C.Their flight had been delayed.

D.Their flight had been cancelled.

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的第五句可知,飞机票被超量预订,所以航空公司给了他们一些赔偿让他们放弃自己的座位第二天再走,故选A项。

答案:A

2. What can we learn about the author?

A.She rarely misses a good deal.

B.She seldom makes a compromise.

C.She is very strict with her children.

D.She is interested in cheap products.

解析:推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句可知,几乎没有人能拒绝得了一个好的交易,而从作者之前的经历来看,她也深知钱的价值,故答案为A。

答案:A

3. What does the author do?

A.She's a teacher.

B.She's a housewife.

C.She's a media person.

D.She's a business woman.

解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第一段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知,作者是NBC的一名记者,即从事媒体职业,故选C项。

答案:C

4. What does the author want to tell us?

A.How to expose bad tricks.

B.How to reserve airline seats.

C.How to spend money wisely.

D.How to make a business deal.

解析:细节理解题。通读全文可知,本文主要通过作者自己的亲身经历,引出了作者对消费的认识,我们在消费时应该理智,要考虑所购买的东西是否是值得的。

答案:C

B

The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert (警觉).Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus until a third, with three black spots, is presented.Her gaze returns:she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb, a key, an orange and so on),changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

【试题分析】本文主要介绍了研究人员通过卡片或者击鼓等途径来检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感程度。结果表明,当婴儿发现数字比较多的时候,就会更加关注或变得更加兴奋。

5. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby's________.

A.sense of hearing. B.sense of sight.

C.sense of touch. D.sense of smell.

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“She stares at it carefully.”可知,婴儿目不转睛地盯着看,故研究人员的研究与婴儿的视觉有关。

答案:B

6. Babies are sensitive to the change in________.

A.the size of cards.

B.the colour of pictures.

C.the shape of patterns.

D.the number of objects.

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第六句“As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze starts to lose its focus-until a third,with three black spots,is presented.”可知,随着卡片上黑点的变化,婴儿的视线也发生了变化,表明婴儿对于数字的变化比较敏感。

答案:D

7. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

B.To see how babies recognize sounds.

C.To carry their experiment further.

D.To keep the babies' interest.

解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two...”可知,研究人员又做了击鼓的实验,发现婴儿的听觉对数字变化也同样敏感,其目的是更加深入地研究婴儿对于数字的敏感程度,故选C项。

答案:C

8. Where does this text probably come from?

A.Science fiction. B.Children's literature.

C.An advertisement. D.A science report.

解析:推理判断题。通读全文,并结合多次提到的experiments和researchers等词可推断,研究人员做了一个检验婴儿对于数字变化的敏感度的实验,故可推断本文为一篇科学报道。A项“科幻小说”、B项“儿童文学”和C项“广告”均与本文内容不符。

答案:D

C

It happened to me recently.I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama's Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President.A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was ,in his words, “a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”.However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

And it seems that my friend is not the only one.Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven't.In the World Book Day's “Report on Guilty Secrets”,Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I'm not one to lie too often (I'd hate to be caught out ),I'll admit here and now that I haven't read the entire top ten.But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell's 1984.I think it's really brilliant.

The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it.It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven't read him, but haven't lied about it either )and Herman Melville.

Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to.This could be tricky if the conversation became more in-depth!

But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J.k.Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words).Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I'll come clean: I do this and I am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so).

【试题分析】世界读书日的一个调查报告表明:有些人撒谎说他们读过某本书,其实他们根本没有读。他们撒谎的主要是给别人留下深刻的印象。

9. How did the author find his friend a book liar?

A.By judging his manner of speaking.

B.By looking into his background.

C.By mentioning a famous name.

D.By discussing the book itself.

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第一段A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was,in his words,“a brilliant written book”.However,he then went on to talk about Mr.Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all.然后他继续以一种能暗示出他对奥巴马背景一无所知的方式继续谈论奥巴马,可知作者跟他的朋友谈论有关奥巴马的那本书,发现朋友对奥巴马的背景一无所知,这暗示出朋友其实并没有读过这本书,他对奥巴马的背景一点都不知晓,故选D。

答案:D

10. Which of the followin g is a “guilty secret” according to the World Book Day report?

A.Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list.

B.42% of people pretended to have read 1984.

C.The author admitted having read 9 books.

D.Dreams From My Father is hardly read.

解析:细节理解题。本题的关键词是guilty secret,定位第二、三段。根据文章第三段可知,不像百分之四十二的人那样,我很高兴地说,我读过排在第一位的George Orwell's 1984。由此可知,作者读过这本书,而百分之四十二的人却没读过。故选B。

答案:B

11. By lying about reading, a person hopes to______________.

A.control the conversation

B.appear knowledgeable

C.learn about the book

D.make more friends

解析:推理判断题。根据文章第四段“当被问及为什么撒谎的时候,最普遍的理由是想给正在说话的人留下深刻的印象”可知,人们之所以选择撒谎是想让对方觉得自己知识渊博,从而给对方留下一个好的印象,故B正确。

答案:B

12. What is the author's attitude to 58% of readers?

A.Favorable B.Uncaring

C.Doubtful D.Friendly

解析:态度推断题。根据第五段话最后一句“我很惊讶58%的人说他们从来没这么做过”,表明作者态度的词是astomished。选项中与此词意义接近的答案便是C项。

答案:C

D

The National Gallery

Description:

The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of European art ra nging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh.The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance Layout.

The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.

The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphae l, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronest.

The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.

The Eas t Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh

Opening Hours:

The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.

Getting There:

Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk).Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus(8-minute walk).【试题分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。

13.In which century's collection can you see religious paintings?

A.The 13th B.The 17th

C.The 18th D.The 20th

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。

答案:A

14. Where are Leonardo da Vinci's works shown?

A.In the East Wing.

B.In the main West Wing.

C.In the Sainsbury Wing.

D.In the North Wing.

解析:细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings,and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知,达·芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到,因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达·芬奇的画。

答案:B

15.Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?

A.Piccadilly Circus.

B.Leicester Square.

C.Embankment.

D.Charing Cross.

解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations:Charing Cross(2-minute walk)...可知,Charing Cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程,其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远。

答案:D

记叙文

1.(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ,A)

My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn't fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later,when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night.Fortunately,I didn't get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.

Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise.For some reason,when certain shows switched into a commercial,a loud noise would sound for a few seconds.Gradually,this noise began to appear during a show,and to get rid of it,I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work,and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.

When neither of these methods removed the static noise,I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist,and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me $62,and the set is working well now,but I keep expecting more trouble.

【试题分析】买电视机本是一件让人高兴的事情,但是本文作者却因为买彩色电视机遭遇了一件件让人烦恼而又头疼的事情。

1.Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?

A.He got an older model than he had expected.

B.He couldn't return it when it was broken.

C.He could have bought it at a lower price.

D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四两句“I let a salesclerk fool me...a day

later...than I had paid.”可知,作者过了一天才知道自己买的是一台停产模式的电视,可是那时这种型号的电视机已经做广告降价处理了,因此答案选C。

答案:C

2.Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1?

A.ended all their programs

B.provided fewer channels

C.changed to commercials

D.showed all-night movies

解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句的内容可以推测sign off意为“结束节目”。

答案:A

3.How did the author finally get his TV set working again?

A.By shaking and hitting it.

B.By turning it on and off.

C.By switching channels.

D.By having it repaired.

解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“My trip to the repair shop...well now...”可知,作者最终去维修店修好了电视机,故选D。

答案:D

4.How does the author sound when telling the story?

A.Curious. B.Anxious.

C.Cautious. D.Humorous.

解析:推理判断题。从文章字里行间,尤其是最后一句可以推断,作者是以诙谐幽默的语气来写这篇文章的。

答案:D

2.(2015·安徽卷,B)

When her five daughters were young,Helene An always told them that there was strength in unity(团结).To show this,she held up one chopstick,representing one person.Then she easily broke it into two pieces.Next,she tied several chopsticks together,representing a family.She showed the girls it was hard to break the tied chopsticks.This lesson about family unity stayed with the daughters as they grew up.

Helene An and her family own a large restaurant business in California.However,when Helene and her husband Danny left their home in Vietnam in 1975,they didn't have much money.They moved their family to San Francisco.There they joined Danny's mother,Diana,who owned a small Italian sandwich shop.Soon afterwards,Helene and Diana changed the sandwich shop into a small Vietnamese restaurant.The five daughters helped in the restaurant when they were young.However,Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business because she thought it was too hard.

Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves,but one by one,the daughters returned to work in the family business.They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles.Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other,they worked together to make the business

successful.Daughter Elisabeth explains,“Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity,and to have unity we must have peace.Without the strength of the family,there is no business.”

Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996,with three generations of Ans working together.Now the Ans' corporation makes more than $20 million each year.Although they began with a small restaurant,they had big dreams,and they worked together.Now they are a big success.

【试题分析】Helene有五个女儿,她一直教育她们家庭团结的重要性,最终也正是因为她们的家庭团结,使她们的餐饮生意十分成功。

1.Helene tied several chopsticks together to show________.

A.the strength of family unity

B.the difficulty of growing up

C.the advantage of chopsticks

D.the best way of giving a lesson

解析:细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,Helene把几只筷子系在一起就是要让女儿们知道一个家庭团结起来的力量就像这些系在一起的筷子一样。

答案:A

2.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that the An family________.

A.started a business in 1975

B.left Vietnam without much money

C.bought a restaurant in San Francisco

D.opened a sandwich shop in Los Angeles

解析:细节理解题。根据第二段说明可知,Helene和她丈夫于1975年离开越南的家,当时他们没有多少钱,故选B。

答案:B

3.What can we infer about the An daughters?

A.They did not finish their college education.

B.They could not bear to work in the family business.

C.They were influenced by what Helene taught them.

D.They were troubled by disagreement among family members.

解析:推理判断题。根据第三段说明可知,Helene的女儿们都上了大学,但后来她们都回到家里工作,因为她们知道只有家庭团结才能成功,再结合文章开头可知,这都是受到了Helene对她们教育的影响。

答案:C

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A.How to Run a Corporation

B.Strength Comes from Peace

C.How to Achieve a Big Dream

D.Family Unity Builds Success

解析:主旨大意题。文章紧紧围绕着家庭团结才能获得成功这一主题展开,故用D项作为标题较为贴切。

答案:D

3.(2014·福建卷,B)

Walt Disney is credited for creating such wonderful things as Donald Duck and

Mickey Mouse.However,he cannot take the credit for creating other well-loved characters,such as Cinderella and Snow White.They are almost automatically associated with Disney because Disney turned old fables(寓言)into cartoon movies.

The original Cinderella varies very much from the Disney version we know today.It started off with the girl mourning her mother's death and going to her tomb three times a day.In addition,there were only birds that helped Cinderella;there was no such thing as a fairy godmother or helpful mice,nor was there mention of a horse and carriage.

The stepsisters were cruel:they always threw Cinderella's food into the ashes of the fire,and made her sleep on the ashes on the floor,hence(因此)her name.

In the original story,the king's ball actually lasted for three days.With the help of the birds,the girl,beautifully dressed,danced with the prince on all three nights and the prince fell in love with her.However,she broke away from him to rush back home each night.On the last night,the prince placed something sticky on the stairs;as Cinderella made her escape,a shoe got stuck on it.

Here now is where the story becomes unpleasant:when the prince went to the house looking for the girl whose foot fit the shoe,the wicked(邪恶的)stepmother told one of her two daughters to cut off her big toe to fit into the shoe.The daughter did as told.So the prince took her away to be his bride.But,when they passed the tomb of Cinderella's mother,the birds called out to the prince.

“Turn and peep,there's blood within the shoe;

The shoe is too small,the true bride waits for you.”

Realizing he had been tricked,the prince returned the daughter to her mother;the other then had to cut off part of her heel in order to fit into the shoe,with the same result.Only Cinderella's foot fit perfectly and so the prince chose to marry her.The story ends with the wedding day:as Cinderella's two stepsisters followed her,pretending to be devoted to her so that they could enjoy the king's riches,two birds flew by and plucked(啄)out their eyes.Because of their wickedness and falsehood,they had to spend the rest of their days blind.

The original Cinderella is so different from the Disney version.Thank goodness Disney made such changes;it indeed was a wise move.

【试题分析】迪士尼乐园因为种种可爱的卡通角色而受到称赞,而它对古老的寓言故事所做的转变也是值得称道的。本文就以童话故事“灰姑娘”为例进行了说明。

1.What does the underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refer to?

A.Such wonderful things.

B.Other well-loved characters.

C.Old fables.

D.Cartoon movies.

解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句可知,They应该指代的是other well-loved characters,这也与第三句中的“它们大多与迪士尼联系在了一起”相吻合。

答案:B

2.How did Cinderella get her name?

A.The birds came up with it.

B.It was given by Disney.

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