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英语语法——形容词和副词的用法

英语语法——形容词和副词的用法
英语语法——形容词和副词的用法

英语语法专项复习六 形容词和副词

1.多个形容词修饰时 限定词+描绘性形容词+颜色+国籍或地区+用途 各个形容词的位置: 或类别+名词

a, 以-er, -en 结尾的形容词,一般作前置定语。如:lower, other,

wooden, golden, woolen 等

2.不同类型形容词 b. 不定代词或以-a 为前缀的形容词,一般作后置

形容词 位置 定语。someone, something, afraid, alone, alive 等 注意:有些形容词以-ly 结尾的,不要和副词混淆

如friendly, lovely 等

3.形容词比较构成法略

a. 两者之间比较永比较级通常与than 连接 4.形容词比较级与最高 Tom is taller than his deskmate.

级的用法 b. 两者以上的事物比较用最高级,前面需加定冠词“the ”

That seemed to the happiest day of her life. enough 前面,名词放在enough 的后面 There is enough rice for you to eat. If I had a long enough holiday , I ’d visit Europe. 2. 副词比较等级构成法略。

注意:副词最高级可以the ,也可不用。 Who swims (the) best in your team? a. most+形容词.一般前面需加定冠词the ,但表示一种程 度上非常高的特性和品质时,不表示比较 What he said is most interesting?

副词 3. 形容词和副词 b. 比较等级的修饰。形容词副词的比较等级常可用下列

的特殊用法 词来修饰。如much, far, even, still, a little, no, any , a lot a bit 等 There are now a lot more trees on the hills. c. ―比较级+and+比较‖ 越来越。。。。

“too+形容词或副词+to do sth.”太……而不能 later, latest 指时间上的较迟 latter, last 指顺序上的后者

d. 两种不同形式的 older, oldest 指人的年纪或事年代的久远

比较等级不同的意义 elder, eldest 指人的长幼顺序

farther, farthest 指距离上 further, furthest 指抽象意义上的

一. 形容词的用法:

概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常可将形容词分成性质形容 和nobody

注意:多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序,熟记口诀就可以顺利解题:限定描绘大长高,

形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠。

规则:限定语(The 、A )+ 描绘性形容词 + size (小)+ shape (形状)+ age (年龄、时间)+ color (颜色)+ origin (国籍、来源)+ material (材料)+ purpose (目的)+ 名词 There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village.

村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。

数词

3.形容词(短语)作伴随状语

As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候,山羊翻了个身,死了。Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难,他们宁愿走好走的路。

4. 用形容词表示类别和整体

1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。The poor are losing hope.

2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。

the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

5. 形容词的作用,见下表:

注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如:

Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep.

The old man is alone.

二、副词的用法:

概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。

1、副词的位置:

1). 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:

Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作业。

I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6点起床。

Please speak slowly. (句末) 请慢慢说。2). 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如:

These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。

He works very hard. (在副词前)他工作很努力。

▲但也有例外,如:She is old enough to go to school. (在形容词后)她已到了上学的年龄。

[说明] ①形容词一般修饰名词,副词一般修饰动词、形容词或副词。②一些形容词后加上-ly可以变成副词,如slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully等。

二、副词的排列顺序:

1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。

2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。

Please write slowly and carefully.

3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意:副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。

改错:(错)I very like English.

(对)I like English very much.

注意:副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

I don't know him well enough.

There is enough food for everyone to eat.

There is food enough for everyone to eat.

excitedly

三. 形容词和副词的比较等级

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下:

2.几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表:

注意:1). 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far , a bit, a little, still, yet, by

far , any, a great deal ;

2). 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect ,superior ,junior 等。

4. 倍数的表达

表达法一:A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.

The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.

这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(高)/这座新楼比那座旧楼大(高)三倍。

表达法二:A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.

Asia is four times as large as Europe.

亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。

表达法三:A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.

Y our school is three times bigger than ours.

你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。

用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.

四. 词语辨析

1. close与closely

close意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地"

He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.

https://www.doczj.com/doc/223872924.html,te 与lately

late意思是"晚";lately 意思是"最近"

Y ou have come too late. What have you been doing lately?

3.deep与deeply

deep意思是"深",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"

He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.

4.high与highly

high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much

The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.

5.wide与widely

wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地","在许多地方"

He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.

6.free与freely

free的意思是"免费";freely 的意思是"无限制地"

Y ou can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

Y ou may speak freely; say what you like.

7. good和well

well既可作副词又可作形容词。作副词时修饰动词。作形容词时可作表语,指身体好。These oranges taste good.

good只作形容词,指质量好或某人品质好。

He did very well in the exam.

8.most, almost和mostly

a. most是many, much的最高级,表示“最……”前面需加定冠词

He is one of the most famous writers in China

b. most+形容词意为“很,非常”,前需加不定冠词

Guilin is a most beautiful city

almost表示“几乎,差一点就”与nearly相似

Jack has almost finished the work

mostly表示“主要地,多半地”

The guests are mostly her friends.

9.How long……,How soon……,How often……和How far……

How long: 多久,多长时间,表示动作或状态需持续多久,通常回答“for+一段时间”“since+时间点”等

—How long have you been at this school?

—Er, I’ve been here for just over two years.

How soon: 多快。通常回答“in+一段时间”“一段时间+later”等

—How soon will you be back?

—I’ll be back in a week.

How often: 多少时间内发生频率。通常回答“几次a day”“always”“usually”等—How often do you watch TV?

—Once a day

How far:距离有多远

—How far do you live from here

—Not morn than one mile.

10.sometimes, some times, sometime和some time

sometimes:有时,不时Sometimes I go to sleep after 12:00

some times: 几次,数次He has been to Beijing for some times.

sometime: 某时I saw him sometime last year.

some time: 一段时间,一些时候He used to live in England some time when he was young.

11.too much和much too

too much: 太多He drank too much beer yesterday

much too: 太It’s much too cold today.

12. alone和lonely

alone:既可作形容词,也可作副词。一般后置,在be动词或动词后面,意为“独自的,单独地”无感情色彩。She is alone at home. I like to work alone

lonely: 只作形容词,既作定语,也可作表语。意为“孤单的,寂寞的”有感情色彩

I was alone but I didn’t feel lonely.

13. too, also和either

too用于肯定句和疑问句中,表示“也”,放句尾。

also放在系动词、助动词后,实意动词前。

either用于否定句,意为“也不”放在句尾

14. so…that和such…that

so…that:so为副词,后面直接形容词,中间不一定需要加名词。若有名词,不定冠词放在形容词后。She is so beautiful (a girl) that everyone loves her. such…that:such为形容词,后面接名词,且中间如果有不定冠词,放在形容词前She is such a beautiful girl that everyone loves her.

15. ago和before

ago不能单独使用,只能接一段时间+ago,句子时态用一般过去时

before 一段时间+before;句子用过去完成时

before+时间点:句子用一般过去时

16. not…or和not…and

not…or, 全部否定She can’t read or write.

not…and: 部分否定She can’t read and write 习题

1. This town has _______ bridge.

A. a stone old fine

B. an old stone fine

C. a fine old stone

D. an old fine stone

2. The apple tastes______ and sells________.

A. well; well

B. good; good

C. well; good

D. good; well

3. We drank ______coffee at the café.

A. very good hot some

B. some very hot good

C. some very good hot

D. some good very hot

4. What you’ve said sounds___________

A. correct

B. correctly

C. correctness

D. correcting

5. They all looked______ at the master and felt quite.

A. sad; sad

B. sadly; sadly

C. sad; sadly

D. sadly; sad

6. He looked dead but the faint pulse proved that he was still__________

A. live

B. life

C. alive

D. lively

7. This is a _________clock

A. nice Swiss little

B. nice little Swiss

C. little nice Swiss

D. Swiss nice little

8. She spent________ time studying French.

A. much so

B. so much

C. such much

D. so many

9. –How was the examination?

--It wasn’t very difficult, but it was________ long.

A. too much

B. so much

C. very much

D. much too

10. The weather was _______ worse than I had expected.

A. fairly

B. quite

C. much

D. very

11. The patient’s progress was encouraging as he could ______ get out of bed without help

A. nearly

B. only

C. hardly

D. badly

12. He wasn’t ________ to buy a color TV

A. too rich B, enough rich C. rich enough D. so rich

13. Mary’s _________brother is a doctor. He is four years _________ than her.

A. older; elder

B. elder; elder

C. elder; older

D. older; older

14. –Are you feeling______? --Y es, I’m fine now.

A. any well

B. any better

C. quite good

D. quite better

15. –How are you getting on with your work?

--I can’t do it _________ any longer, I’ll have to get help.

A. lonely

B. quietly

C. alone

D. hard

16. I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box.

A. short enough

B. enough tall

C. health enough

D. strong enough

17. They got a Christmas tree and it was ____ ours.

A, so tall as B, so taller as C, as tall as D, as taller as

18. I saw the film two days________

A. ago

B. later

C. lately

D. more lately

19. This box is __________ heavy _________I cannot carry it.

A. too; to

B. so; that

C. very; that

D. such; that

20. --________ do you write to your pen pal?

--Once a week.

A. How long

B. How many times

C. How often

D. How soon

21. These oranges taste_______.

A. good

B. well

C. to be good

D. to be well

22. I can’t pay ________ as he asked for.

A. a as high price

B.as a high price

C.as high price

D.as high a price

23. — We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ?

— I have to do many things this evening . I’m _______ , you see .

A. free

B. glad

C. sorry

D. busy

24. —Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.

—OK. Let’s give him ___ to eat.

A. something different

B. different anything

C. anything different

D. different something

25.The ____ person is talking with the doctor.

A. ill

B. sick

C. illness

D. sickness

26. The day is bright and _______ . Let’s go for a walk .

A. sunny

B. dark

C. cloudy

D. windy

27. Look ! _______ beautiful that lake is !

A. What

B. How

C. How a

D. What a

28. ---I won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow.

--- I won't, ______.

A. neither

B. either

C. too

D. also

29. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it, _____.

A. too

B. either

C. neither

D. also

30.That maths problem is ______ difficult ______ nobody can work it out.

A. too; to

B. very; that

C. so; that

D. very; but

31. —What’s on the desk?

—It’s ____ .

A. a new green bag

B. new green bag

C. a green mew bag

D. a bag new green

32. The night was very ___, so he had to take off his shoes ___.

A. quiet; quietly

B. quite; quickly

C. late; quick

D. quite; quietly

33. I got up____today.

A. later

B. more lately

C. lately

D. late

34 .Alice___goes to school at seven.

A. usual

B. usually

C. hard

D. a little

35. Y our room is _______ than mine.

A. three time big

B. three times big

C. three times bigger

D. bigger three times

36. When spring comes, it gets_______.

A. warm and warm

B. colder and colder

C. warmer and warmer

D. shorter and shorter

37. ______ he read the book, _______ he got in it.

A. The more; the more interesting

B. The less; the more interesting

C. The more; the more interested

D. More; more interested

38. like______ one of the two books.

A. the older

B. oldest

C. the oldest

D. older

39. Which do you like _______, tea or coffee?

A. well

B. better

C. best

D. most

40. Tom is one of _______ boys in our class.

A. tallest

B. taller

C. the tallest B. the tall

2018中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

形容词和副词用法总结及练习 一、形容词: (一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常分成两类: 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如:afraid, asleep, awake, alone, alive, awake, ashamed, alike。 其他常见表语形容词:worth, ready, sorry, well (二)形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。 1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为: (限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。如: There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village. 2)【重点】当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如: The boy interested in music is my brother. Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 二、副词: (一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。 不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如: Have you read this book before? (副词,作时间状语) He will arrive before ten o’clock. (介词,before ten o’clock 是介词短语,作时间状语) (二)副词的种类 1、时间副词: 1)表示发生时间的副词:It’s beginning to rain now! 现在开始下雨了! 2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前: She often changes her mind. 3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。 2、地点副词: 1)表示地点的副词:She is studying abroad. 她在国外留学。 2)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:It’s the same everywhere. 到处都一样。 3、【重点】方式副词 1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how的问题):How beautifully your wife dances. 2)表示情绪的副词:She smiled gratefully. 3)还有一些以-ly结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:He left the town secretly. 4、【重点】程度副词和强调副词 1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗? [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b): a. fairly simple 相当简单quite correct 完全正确 干得很快 2 b. 修饰比较级:You sing much better than me. Their house is much nicer than ours. 5. 【重点】疑问副词和连接副词 1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句: 2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用: how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗? where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句) 6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:Let’s go ins ide. Take two steps forward. (三)副词的位置 1. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如: Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) I often get up at six. (句中) Please speak slowly. 2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如: These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。

(完整word版)最全初中英语语法之-形容词副词教案(已打印两份)

形容词 一.定义: 用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。 二. 注意:有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如: Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。 例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4)大小5)形状6)表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。 例如:His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。 形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。 例如:The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country.在这个国家,富人从来不帮助穷人。 形容词短语做定语时要后置。 如:They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。 如:Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗?

形容词和副词比较级的用法

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