1999上海高考英语试卷
四、综合填空下面短文中每个空格有A、B、C、D四个选项，根据上下文选择一个最佳答案。
(A)
What an exciting day it was for Jennifer and Valerie! They had been friends since Grade Three and had 41 many of their high school experiences. Now they were driving together to their final high school event. Today was 42 day at Lamar High School. 43 they were close friends, they were different in many ways. Jennifer was a fairly 44 student while Valerie did just enough to get by and was mainly 45 in a good social life.
― Isn‘t it 46 that we‘re all finished?‖ said Valerie. ―I‘m really looking forward to having a good time this summer.‖
― 47 be nice,‖ Jennifer replied. ― I‘m afraid I‘m going to have to work most of the summer to help pay for my college expenses.‖
Jennifer‘s parents had only a small 48 and she had made up her mind to have an occupation in which she could afford all the things her 49 could not.
Valerie, 50 , came from a fairly well-to-do family. She had little desire to work hard for 51 she had always taken for granted.
―I really don‘t want to go to college for a while,‖ she 52 . ― My uncle runs a restaurant in the Bahamas and he has 53 me to spend a year there as a waitress. That should give me plenty of 54 for the beach.‖
―It seems 55 ?ll really be going different ways now,‖ thought Jennifer.
41．A. learned B. obtained C. remembered D. shared
42．A. exam B. sports C. graduation D. working
43．A. If B. Because C. Although D. When
44．A. diligent B. polite C. active D. favorite
45．A. specialized B. relieved C. envied D. interested
46．A. certain B. great C. unfortunate D. annoying
47．A. Can B. Shall C. Must D. Need
48．A. income B. problem C. family D. difference
49．A. teachers B. parents C. friends D. relatives
50．A. in fact B. in a way C. as a result D. on the other hand
51．A. what B. whom C. that D. these
52．A. admitted B. complained C. proposed D. screamed
53．A. helped B. assured C. invited D. promised
54．A. peace B. work C. energy D. time
55．A. I B. we C. she D. they
(B)
There are times when you find yourself unable to work out a problem. It is at this 56 that the way in which you use your teacher is important. With a good teacher, such times should be less 57 than with a bad one; so the worse the teacher, the more responsibility you have for your 58 ! Whatever your luck in this 59 , one thing is most significant and stays the same, whatever the quality of teaching you 60 : if there is something you don‘t understand, you must ask, again and again if unbelievable how people would rather sit in silent 62 than admit not understanding. To behave in such a way is the only truly 63 thing a student can do: it‘s a false form of pride, which is the most useless, damaging quality anyone can have, to say nothing of a student! 64 , regard your teacher as a guide or even a friend and do not sit 65 won dering what he‘s going on about.
56．A. course B. point C. thought D. opportunity
57．A. lucky B. remote C. frequent D. comfortable
58．A. mood B. image C. intention D. success
59．A. field B. period C. respect D. direction
60．A. offer B. describe C. arrange D. receive
61．A. Likely B. Obvious C. Difficult D. Suitable
62．A. ignorance B. depression C. nervousness D. disapproval
63．A. safe B. simple C. strange D. stupid
64．A. Otherwise B. Furthermore C. Therefore D. Nevertheless
65．A. quietly B. honestly C. separately D. gently
五、语篇理解阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从各题的四个选项选择一个最佳答案。（A）
One day an ordinary dog appeared in the ticket office at Campiglia, a busy railroad station on Italy‘s main line. A ticket agent named Elvio greeted the strange dog in a friendly way, so the dog decided to stay. From that day on, the dog became Elvio‘s shadow and was named Lampo. Lampo kept Elvio company(陪伴) inside the ticket office. When the Weather was warm, he would enjoy himself in the sun on the train platform. When it came time for Elvio to return home on the train night, Lampo ran after the train for a long way and then sadly gave up and went back to the station.
One night as Elvio was riding home on the train, he noticed that Lampo was lying at his feet. Afraid that the conductor would see the dog on the train and shout at him, Elvio pushed Lampo under a seat. Luckily, the conductor did not notice the Lampo boarded the last train and met his family. Then, after a short visit, Lampo boarded the last train and went back to the station. Lampo quickly learned all of the train schedules. He would ride home from work with Elvio every night and then ride back to the station alone. Every morning, lampo arrived at Elvio‘s house in time to walk his young daughter, Mivna, to school. The faithful dog would then take another train to Campiglia to spend time with his master, then travel again to accompany Mivna home from school at 11:30.
Soon, Lampo began to take the trains all over Italy. Lampo became famous among the men who worked on the railroad, as his journeys became more frequent, complicated and mysterious. No one could explain why he traveled or how he always found the right train back to Campiglia. People decided that Lampo was a unique dog.
Some of the railroad officials were against Lampo‘s illegal travels. They were afraid he would bite a passenger or cause some other problems. Finally, the stationmaster threatened to call the dogcatcher if Elvio didn‘t get rid of the dog.
Elvio decided to put Lampo on a train going as far away as possible. Months went by and Lampo did not come back. Mivna missed him very much and prayed for his return. Finally one day, a sad, very thin, tired Lampo returned to Elvio‘s office. Everyone, even the stationmaster, was sorry about what had happened. From then on, Lampo was allowed to ride the trains whenever he wanted. After seven years, Lampo grew old, and he began to need Elvio‘s help to board the train. One day Lampo was seen lying dead on the tracks. A year later, a life-sized statue of Lampo was set up at Campiglia station.
66．The first time Lampo took the train, Elvio was ________.
delighted that he was lucky
afraid the dog would bite someone
afraid the conductor would see him and be angry
excited that Lampo would soon meet his family
67．Lampo‘s traveling all over Italy caused people to believe that ______.
he could read the train schedules B. he was famous in the country
Elvio secretly helped him D. he was a very special dog
68．The stationmaster threatened that if Elvio didn‘t get rid of the dog, ________.
Elvio would be fired
Lampo would be put on the train tracks
the stationmaster would send him away
a dogcatcher would be called
69．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the story?
The dog was once sent away by Elvio.
The dog finally won the stationmaster‘s hear t.
The dog was faithful to his master.
The dog died when he was seven years old.
70．The author suggests that a statue of Lampo was set up because _______.
the stationmaster felt sorry about what had happened.
he had been a friend to travelers
it would bring good luck to the town
Elvio offered money to set up the statue
(B)
Millions of people pass through the gates the gates of Disney‘s entertainment park in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these places an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they‘re treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their ―guests‖, as they prefer to call th em, and to see that they enjoy themselves.
All new employees, from vice presidents to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking ―Traditions I‖. Here, they learn about the company‘s history, how it is managed and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success. After passing ―Traditions I‖ , the employees go on to more specialized training for their
specific(具体的) jobs. No detail is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight-hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, ―What happens if someone wants to know w here the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds? ... We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.‖Even Disney‘s managers get involved in the da ily management of the park. Every year, the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail(单轨车), and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week helps them to see the company‘s goal s more clearly.
All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one long-time business observer once said, ―How Disney treats pe ople, communicates with them, rewards them, is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success ... I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of peopl e on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.‖
71．The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees __________.
begin by receiving on-the-job training
must learn several jobs
begin as ticket takers
have already attended Disney University
72．The main objective of the Disney employees is to _________.
learn all parts of the business
see that their guests enjoy themselves
be able to answer all kinds of questions
keep their important guests happy
73．Each year, managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to _________.
set a good example for employees
remind themselves of their beginnings at Disney
gain a better view of the company‘s objectives
replace employees on holiday
74．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.
Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.
Parades are regularly held in Disney‘s entertainment parks.
Disney‘s managers are able to do almost all kind s of work in the Disney park.
75．This passage is mainly about __________.
how Disney employees are trained
the history and traditions of the Disney enterprises
why Disney enterprises make a lot of money
the importance Disney places on serving people well
(C)
Do you like to eat out? Do you like to eat quickly? Do you like inexpensive food? Some people go to fast-food restaurants for these reasons. In the past, people usually went to diners(路边小餐馆) for these reasons. In fact, many people in the States still go to diners today for the same reasons.
A man named Walter Scott had the first ―diner‖ in 1872. It wasn‘t really a diner. It was only a food cart. People on the street walked up to the cart to buy food. These carts served late-night workers who wanted a cup of coffee and a late-night meal. The meal was a sandwich or boiled eggs. In 1887, Samuel Jones built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come and stools, and people sat down while they ate.
Before long, many diners stayed open around the clock. In other words, people were able to eat in a diner at any time. Diners changed in other ways, too. The original menu of sandwiches and coffee became bigger. It included soup, favorite dishes, and a breakfast menu. In addition, diners soon became permanent buildings. They were no longer carts on wheels.
Diners today look similar to the diners of the early 1900s. They are usually building with large windows. Inside, the diners have shining counters with stools, booths, and tables and chairs. People can eat all three meals in a modern diner.
Today, many people eat in fast-food restaurants such as McDonald‘s and Burger King. However, the diner remains an American tradition, and thousands of people still enjoy eating there. It was popular a century ago, and it is still popular today.
76．A man named Walter Scott had the first ―diner‖ in 1872. Why is diner in quotation marks(引号)?
Because it is spelled differently from ―dinner‖.
Because the first diner was not a real diner.
Because diner was a new word.
Because it is a special kind of restaurant.
77．What meals did the first diners serve?
Only breakfast. B. Only lunch.
Only night-meals. D. All of the above.
78．According to paragraph 3, diners changed in ________.
two ways B. three ways
four ways D. five ways
79．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
Diners existed before fast-food restaurants.
The menu included more food than sandwiched and coffee.
Burger King is a fast-food restaurant.
Sandwiches became bigger.
80．The main idea of the passage is __________.
the diner is a traditional, popular place to eat in the United States
Samuel Jones built the first diner big enough to allow the customers to come inside
American diners serve many types of food 24 hours a day to their customers
diners are different from fast-food restaurants in many ways
(D)
About one million years ago, the Ice Age began. The Ice Age was a long period of time in which four great glaciers(冰川) pushed southward to cover almost all the upper half of North America, and then melted away. Each glacier was a thick sheet of ice and snow that spread out from a center near what is now Hudson Bay in Canada. The winters were long, and the cool summers were too short to melt much of the ice and snow. The ever-growing sheet built up to a thickness of two miles at its center.
As all glaciers do, these great glaciers slid(滑动). They pushed down giant trees in their paths and scraped(刮削) the earth bare(光秃秃的) of soil. Many animals moved farther south to escape. Others stayed and were destroyed.
When winters of little snow came, the summer suns cut into the edges of the ice sheets. As the glaciers melted, rocks, soil and other things that had mixed with the ice and snow were left. New hills, lakes and rivers were formed.
The last of the great glaciers began its melting about 11,000 years ago. Its melting formed the Great Lakes. These lakes are today little changed from their early sizes and shapes. The largest of
the North American river systems was also influenced by the glaciers. This is the Mississippi-Missouri-Ohio system. These rivers were miles wide at first. Through the years they settled into their present channels.
81．The main idea of this passage is ___________.
the Ice Age was a long period of time
great glaciers covered North America many years ago
changes in climate helped to melt the glaciers
how glaciers changed North America
82．The author states that all glaciers ___________.
are two miles thick B. form frozen lakes
are a million years old D. move and slide
83．From the information in this passage we know that ___________.
glaciers are destructive
all glaciers in the world move southward
the Mississippi-Missouri-Ohio system is larger than it was before the Ice Age
the Great Lakes are now smaller than they were before the Ice Age
84．The Ice Age lasted almost __________.
1,000 years B. 100 years
1,000,000 years D. 11,000 years
85．In the last sentence, the word their refers to ____________.
lakes B. rivers C. glaciers D. systems
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷
IV. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
(A)
Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parent should not _61__ up reading to their children_62__they enter primary school. She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children's_63_.
"My_64__ indicates that once children can read themselves, most parent stop reading_65__them," Dr. Spreadbury says.
"_66__may be at the end of year 1,which is far too_67__."
Dr. Spreadbury says _68_reading not only gives children a good start at school. But brings parents and children closer.
"This makes it _69__for them to open up and talk to parents about things that worrying them, or things they are _70__ in their everyday life."
61. A. speed B. keep C. give D. hold
62. A. after B. until C. if D. unless
63. A. thinking B. comprehension C. relaxation D. development
64. A. theory B. research C. story D. decision
65. A. about B. from C. to D. through
66. A. Some B. Most C. They D. That
67. A. difficult B. early C. much D. informal
68. A. daily B. healthy C. fast D. bedtime
69. A. easier B. funnier C. rarer D. clearer
70. A. reading B. promising C. celebrating D. receiving
(B)
Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won't be too long before they are able to _71_its existence. Their confidence is the _72_of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.
Ten Chinese _73__, enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _74_by what they saw. Three_75_animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _76_them. _77_, when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great_78_ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.
The men did not take any _79_. However, scientists are_80_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _81_ What they described.
After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and_82_some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animal's foot！ Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a_83_of the forest. But in the meantime, some people_84_to believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists. They will not believe that it is _85_until one of the animals have been caught.
71. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check
72. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation
73. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers
74. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired
75. A. trained B. projected C. tall D. violent
76. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after
77. A. However B. Indeed C. Meanwhile D. Anyway
78. A. difficult B. speed C. care D. pleasure
79. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs
80. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbed D. supported
81. A. rely on B. deal with C. write down D. pass on
82. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore
83. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study
84. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have
85. A. wrong B. alive C. real D. correct
IV. Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. He sent camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.
The next morning he said to the men, "Have you provided me with that sunset? " "No, Sir," the men answered.
The director was angry. "Why not? " he asked.
"Well, Sir, " one of the men answered, "we are on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset."
"But I want a sunset!" the director shouted. "Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one. "
But then a young secretary had an idea. "Why don't you photograph a sunrise, " she suggested, "and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset."
"That's a very good idea! " the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, "Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea. " The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay（海湾）. Then at nine o'clock they took it to the director. "Here it is, Sir, " they said, and give it to him. He was very pleased. They all went into the studio（摄影棚）. "All right, " the director explained, "now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'sunset' behind them. "
The "sunset" began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.
The birds in the file were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.
86.One evening, the director sent his camera crew out____.
A. to watch a beautiful sunset
B. to find an actor and an actress
C. to film a scene on the sea
D. to meet the audience
87.Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?
A. Because he changed his mind about getting a sunset
B. Because he was angry about his crew
C. Because it was his secretary's suggestion.
D. Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset
88.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The crew had to follow the secretary's advice.
B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is a place to go.
C. The camera crew wasn't able to film the scene the first day
D. The director ordered his crew to stop filming the "sunset"
89 The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because_____.
A. it went well with the separation of the hero and heroine
B. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the evening
C. it was more moving than a sunrise
D. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset
90.After the "sunset" began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands____.
A. because he was moved to tears
B. as he saw everything in the film moving backwards
C. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imagined
D. because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and the heroine (B)
I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor-and go to court（法庭）.
After the accident, my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I'd
have to have a good lawyer. Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.
But every time I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.
My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. he knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss（解雇）him. And he made me pay him $770.
Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time, … and I left without getting a cent.
My experiences taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything. It is more important than friendship honour or professional morality（职业道德）. Secondly, foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America, we should see both its good and bad sides.
91.The author's roommate offered to help him because_____.
A. he felt sorry for the author
B. he thought it was a chance to make some money
C. he knew the doctor was a very good one
D. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer
92. A good doctor is essential for the author to____.
A. be properly treated
B. talk with the person responsible for the accident
C. recover before he leaves America
D. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury
93.The word " charge " in the passage means____.
A. be responsible
B. accuse
C. ask as a price
D. claim
94.both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very___.
A. friendly
B. greedy
C. professional
D. busy
95.What conclusion can you draw from this story?
A. Going to court is something every common in America
B. One must be very careful while driving a car
C. There are more bad sides in America than good sides
D. Money is more important than other things in the US
(C)
Laptop（便携式）computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptop connect people to their work place. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do school work anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are a part of a $10million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their tethers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!
Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State Officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too.
At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use the computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, "Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we're giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything. "
96 The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to____.
A. use for their schoolwork
B. access the Internet
C. work at home
D. connect them to libraries
97 Why is the word "speak" in the second paragraph in quotation mark?
A. They don't really talk
B. They use the computer language
C. Laptops have speakers
D. None of the above reasons is correct
98 Which of the following is true about Westlake College?
A. All teachers use computers
B. 1,500 students have laptops
C. It is an old college in America
D. Students there can do everything
99. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can____.
A. attend lectures on information technology
B. travel around the world
C. get information from around the world
D. have free laptops
100. What can we infer（推断）passage?
A. The program is successful
B. The program is not workable
C. The program is too expensive
D. We don't know the result yet
(D)
Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary（暂时的）. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（长
期的）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
101.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?
A. Talk to friends
B. Just ignore it
C. Go to see a doctor
D. Ask your teachers for guidance
102."It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____.
A. temporary loneliness
B. situational loneliness
C. a new place
D sleeplessness
103.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.
A. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contacts
B. we depend on various person for different reasons
C. lonely people don't have many social problems
D. lonely people don't have many friends
104. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?
A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problems
B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness
C. Chronic loneliness can not be overcome
D. A, B and C are all correct
105 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Three Kinds of Loneliness
B. Loneliness and Diseases
C. Loneliness and Social Contacts
D. Chronic Loneliness
2000年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
上海英语试卷题解
IV. 综合填空(每小题1分，共25分)
短文A
题61：答案是C。
题62：答案是A题63：答案是D。
题64：答案是B。题65：答案是C。
题66：答案是D。题67：答案是B。题68：答案是D。题69：答案是A。题70：答案是C。题71：答案是A。题72：答案是C。题73：答案是B。题74：答案是B。题75：答案是C。题76：答案是D。题77：答案是A。题78：答案是B。题79：答案是D。题80：答案是B。
题81：答案是A。题82：答案是C。题83：答案是D。题84：答案是B。
题85：答案是C
V. 阅读(每小题2分，共40分)
阅读A
题86：答案是C。
题87：答案是D。
2001年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试
IV. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
(A)
The 28-year-old girl had spent six years working nights while she gained her university degree during the day. When she finally graduated, she had her eye on a teaching 51 at a nearby primary school. With the help of her friends, she had an interview with the Head.
―I noticed a tiny hole in one of my stockings earlier,‖ she52 . ―I thought about changing them, but I knew I‘d be late if I did. And by the time I got to the interview, 53 enormous. I walked in apologizing for not 54 .‖ The would-be teacher didn‘t get the job. In fact one of her friends told her that the55 only comment was: ―If someone doesn‘t take the time to present her best 56 at an interview, what kind of 57 is she going to be?‖
First impressions are 58 ones. In other words, if you‘re viewed positively within the critical（关键的）first four minutes, the person you‘ve met will 59 assume everything you do is positive. Leave the interviewer a bad impression, and often he will assume you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters. Worse, he or she may not take the time to give you a second 60 . Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about themselves will care more about their jobs.
51. A. profession B. position C. career D. occupation
52. A. repeats B. reminds C. recalls D. responds
53. A.I was B. he was C. it was D. were
54. A. looking at all B .looking at him
C. looking round
D. looking my best
55. A. Head‘s B. stude nt‘s
C. friend‘s
D.would-be teacher‘s
56. A. figure B. image C. aspect D. shape
57. A. person B. worker C. graduate D. teacher
58. A. lasting B. remaining C. continuing D. persisting
59. A. rarely B. occasionally C. probably D. certainly
60. A. job B .thought C. chance D. question
(B)
Many people find that regular physical activity gives them an unexpected benefit. They sleep better and wake up feeling more 61, in part due to increased amounts of deep sleep. Deep sleep may play a role in the body restoring(恢复) itself 62, as opposed to REM(rapid eye movement) or dreaming sleep. Researchers have found that physical exercise, especially 63 in the afternoon or early evening, produces more
64 early in the night.
65 can also help you get a better night‘s sleep in a number of indirect ways. The relaxation and tiredness 66 by exercise can improve sleep.
Exercise encourages weight loss and also may 67 depression. Exercising later in the day can also help delay the 68 drop in your body‘s temperature. The 69 of exercise are especially important for older people, 70 exercise has been shown to increase the amount of sleep senior adults get in a night and reduce the time it takes to fall asleep. But be sure you finish exercising at least 4 hours before bedtime—working out later than that could leave you too excited to fall asleep easily.
61. A. conscious B peaceful . C. effective D. refreshed
62.A. physically B. mentally C. emotionally D. regularly
63. A. made B. done C. functioned D. conducted .
64. A. night‘s sleep B. dreaming sleep C. deep sleep D.REM
65. A. Exercise B.Dreams C. Researchers D. Doctors
66. A. recovered B. strengthened C. caused D. reduced
67. A. increase B. relieve C. release D. arouse
68. A. nighttime B. daytime C. dinnertime D. lifetime
69. A. disadvantages B. benefits C. ways D. places
70. A. yet B .if C. when D. since
V. Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
One evening after dinner, Mr. and Mrs. Tisich called a family meeting. ―We‘ve had to make a difficult decision,‖ Mr. Tisich announced. ―You see, your mother has been offered a post as co-director of a television station in Chicago. Unfortunately, the station is not here. After thinking long and hard about it, we‘ve concluded that t he right decision is to move to Chicago.‖
Marc looked shocked, while his sister Rachel breathlessly started asking when they‘d be moving. ―It‘s surprising, but exciting!‖ she said. Marc simply said, ―We can‘t go—I can‘t leave all my friends. I‘d rather stay here and live with Tommy Lyons!‖
The Tisichs hoped that by the time they moved in August, Marc would grow more accustomed to the idea of leaving. However, he showed no signs of accepting the news, refusing to pack his belongings.
When the morning of the move arrived, Marc was nowhere to be found. His parents called Tommy Lyon‘s house, but Mrs. Lyons said she hadn‘t seen Marc. Mrs. Tisich became increasingly concerned, while her husband felt angry with their son for behaving so irresponsibly.
What they did n‘t know was that Marc had started walking over to Tommy‘s house, with a faint idea of hiding in Lyons‘s attic(阁楼) for a few days. But something happened on the way as Marc walked past all the familiar landscape of the neighborhood: the fence that he and his mother painted, the tree that he and his sister used to climb, the park where he and his father often took evening walks together. How much would these mean without his family, who make them special in the first place? Marc didn‘t take the time to answe r that question but instead hurried back to his house, wondering if there were any moving cartons(纸板箱)the right size to hold his record collection.
71. The conflict in this story was caused by___________.
A. Marc and Rachel‘s different tempers
B. a quarrel between Tommy Lyons and Marc
C. Marc‘s disagreement with his parents about their move
D. Mr. and Mrs. Tisich‘s remark of Marc‘s irresponsibility
72. Marc and Rachel‘s reactions to the move were similar in the way that both
were____________
A. surprised
B. angry and upset
C. anxious for more details
D. worried about packing
73. The reason for Marc‘s going home was that _________________.
A. he did not want to be left behind
B. he realized his family was essential to him
C. he hoped to reach an agreement with his parents
D. he wished to be a more responsible person
74. What would most likely happen next?
A. Marc would bring his records over to the Lyons‘s house.
B. Mr. and Mrs. Tisich would call the police.
C. Marc would join his family for house moving.
D. Mr. and Mrs. Tisich would start searching for Marc.
( B )
Answer the following questions by using the information taken from a
At the competition, Jack drew his arm back and threw the javelin 50 yards.
A. Definition 1
B. Definition 2
C. Definition 3
D. Definition 4
Which meaning of the word jargon is used in the sentence below?
Doctors often speak in medical jargon.
A. Definition 1
B. Definition 2
C. Definition 3
D. Definition 4
What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?
Don‘t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.
A. rhythmic beats
B. a type of music
C. a kind of dance
D. meaningless talk
( C )
Britain‘s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or the money – to make the trip from his home near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital, he just could not refuse.
Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. Mr. Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the
journey to London once before, at the turn of the c entury. ―There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings (1 shilling = 1/20 pound) return from Swansea –too much I thought. All my money went to the family then,‖ he said.
During the next two days Mr. Evans will be taken on a whistle-stop tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament （国会）.
The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired. ―I don‘t like the chair business – people will so think I am getting old.‖ he said.
His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized – no alcohol, no cigarette and no anger. Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son, Amwel, he quipped, ― I‘m glad to see they‘ve given me a return ticket.‖
78. It was reported that Mr. Evans‘ healthy long life was to a certain extent du e to his __________.
wine drinking B. proper smoking
C. mild temper
D. sense of humor
79．Which of the following statements is true?
A single trip from Mr. Evans‘s home to the White City used to be ten shillings.
The first place for Mr. Evans to visit is the Houses of Parliament.
He appreciated people‘s arrangement of a wheelchair during his v isit.
Mr. Evans once made the journey to London at the turn of the century.
80. The word quip in the last sentence most probably means __________.
A. to make a witty remark
B. to express a happy message
C. to make a wish C. to tell a joke
81. What might be the best title for this passage?
110-Year-Old Tourist
Secret for Long and Healthy Life
Free Return Ticket
Sightseeing in London
( D )
When we walk through the city, we all experience a kind of information overload but we pay attention only to those that are important to us. We don‘t stop, we keep our faces expressionless and eyes straight ahead, and in doing so, we are not just protecting ourselves but are avoiding overloading other people as well.
We make use of stereotypes (刻板的模式) as convenient ways to make quick judgements about situations and people around us. They may not always be accurate, and they can often be dangerously wrong, but they are used regularly.
The problem with the stereotypes is that they restrict experience. By using limited clues to provide us with a rapid opinion of other people or places we may choose to limit our communication. We may decide not to go to certain places because we believe they will not offer something we enjoy.
In the city, styles of dress are particularly important with regard to self-presentation. Different groups often use clearly identifiable styles of clothes so that they can be easily recognized. It is becoming increasingly common for brand names to be placed on the outside of clothes, and this labeling makes it easy to send out information about fashion and price instantly, and lets others tell at a distance whether an individual has similar tastes and is a suitable person to associate with.
In England, where social grouping or class continues to make social distinctions（区分）, clothes, hairstyles, people‘s pronunciation and the manner of speaking are all clues to our social group. Class distinctions tend to be relatively fixed, although in the city where greater variety is permitted, they are more likely to be secondary determining factors of friendship and association.
People walking in cities ignore the surroundings because __________.
they do not wish to talk to other people
everyone else is expressionless
the environment is already familiar to them
there is too much information to take in
According to the passage, the main disadvantage of using stereotypes is that they
__________.
are likely to lead us into dangerous situations
may make us miss some pleasant experience
can rarely be relied on
make us mentally lazy
From the passage we may conclude that _________.
stereotypes can help to understand people fully
people are becoming more interested in fashion
dressing can send messages about individuals
stereotypes can do more harm than good to people
85. It would appear that in England, a person‘s class __________.
might be less important in making friends in a city
is mainly determined by his pronunciation
plays less of a role than it did in the past
is something that can be changed easily
Key:
46---50BCAAB 51---55 BCCDA 56---60 BDACC 61---65 DABCA 66---70 CBABD 71---75 CABCB
76---80DDCBA 81---85ADBCA
2002年上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试英语试题
IV. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked.
A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
(A)
It is very important to have healthy teeth. Good teeth help us to chew our food. They also help us to look nice.
How does a tooth go bad? The 51 begins in a little crack in the enamel (珐琅) covering of the tooth. This happens after germs and bits of food have 52 there. Then the decay slowly spreads inside the tooth. In the end, poison goes into the blood, and we may feel qmite ill.
How can we keep our teeth 53 ? First, we ought to visit our dentist twice a year. He can fill the small hales in our teeth before they destroy the teeth. He can 54 our teeth to check that they are growing in the right way, 55 , many people wait until they have toothache before they see a dentist. Secondly, we should brush our teeth with a toothbrush and fluoride (氟化物) toothpaste at least 56 a day-once after breakfast
and once before we go to bed. We can also use wooden toothpicks to 57 between our teeth after a meal. Thirdly, we should eat food that is 58 to our teeth and our body, milk, cheese, fish, brown bread, potatoes, re rice. raw vegetables and fresh fruit. Chocolate, sweets, biscuits and cakes are bad, especially 59 we eat them between meals. They are harmful because they 60 out teeth and cause decay.
51. A. destruction B. decay C. fault D. hurt
52. A. stored B. collected C. laid D. piled
53. A. healthy B. complete C. effective D. painless
54. A. observe B. skim C. watch D. examine
55. A. Unexpectedly B. Certainly small C. Unfortunately D. Generally
56. A. once B. twice C. three times D. four times
57. A. drill B. dig C. clean D. explore
58. A. delicious B. valuable C. beneficial D. meaningful
59. A. what B. how C. whether D. when
60. A. stick to B. attach to C. fix on D. keep to
(B)
You‘ve just finished your A-levels and you‘ve got a place at university, but you‘d really like a break from the academic world. Why not think about taking a year out? While most students go 61 from school to university, none and more young people today are choosing to spend a year at ―the university of life‖ 62 . There are lots of things to choose from. You could work in a bank or do community work. You might even do. Something challenging. Such as 63 an exploration (探险) to the Amazon rainforest. The experience will 64 your horizons and teach you new skills. It may also give you the chance to earn some money. which will be very helpful when you
65 start your studies. If you‘re interested in taking a year out. You mast make sure that the university will 66 your place for you till next year. Most are quite happy to do this. 67 they find that year-out students are 68 experienced, confident, and independent, But don‘t forget: it‘s a year out not a y ear 69 . Your university will want to know what you‘re going to do. They won‘t be very pleased if you just want to do 70 for a year. So what would you do with a year out?
61. A. easily B. simply C. fast D. straight
62. A. last B. first C. at last D. at first
63. A. participating B. joining C. attending D. expecting
64. A. broaden B. spread C. improve D. raise
65. A. hopefully B. willingly C. eventually D. happily
66. A. hold B. leave C. occupy D. remain
67. A. however B. though C. as D. when
68. A. less B. much C. even D. more
69. A. in B. off C. away D. through
70. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything
V. Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
A thief who dropped a winning lottery ticket (彩票) at the scene of his crime has been given a lesson in honesty. His victim, who picked up the ticket, then claimed the $25,000 prize, managed to trace him, and handed over the cash, The robbery happened when maths professor Vinicio Sabbatocei. 58. was changing a tyre on an Italian motorway. Another motorist, who stopped ―to help‖, stole a suitcase from his car and drove off. The professor found the dropped ticket and put it in his pocket before driving home to Ascoli in eastern Italy.
Next day, he saw the lottery results on TV and, taking out the ticket, realized it was a winner. He claimed the 60 million lire (里拉) pcize. Then he began a battle with his conscience. Finally, he decided he could not keep the money despite having been robbed. He advertised in newspapers and on radio, saying: ―I‘m trying to find the man who robbed me. I have 60 million lire for him-a lottery win. Please meet me, Anonymity (匿名) guaranteed.‖
Professor Sabbatucei received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into handing them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized –and he arranged to meet the man in a park. The robber, a 35-year-old unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not believe what was happening.
―Why didn‘t you keep the money?‖ he asked. The professor replied: ― I couldn‘t because it‘s not mine.‖ Then he walked off, spurning the thief‘s offer of a reward. 71. The sentence ― Then he began a battle with his conscience,‖ in paragraph 2 implies all of the following EXCEPT that .
A. he knew what he should do as soon as he saw the lottery results
B. he hesitated about keeping the money for some time
C. he thought for a moment of avenging himself on the robber
D. he came to realize that honesty is more important than money
72. Hundreds of people phoned professor Sahhatucci because they .
A. wanted to make fun of him
B. hoped to get the money
C. knew who the robber was
D. lost the lottery ticket
73. The word ―spurning‖ in the last sentence can be replaced by .
A. accepting
B. claiming
C. rejecting
D. canceling
74. If the story appears in a newspaper, the best title might be .
A. A Thief‘s Lucky Day
B. A Popular Maths Professor
C. A Magic Lottery
D. A Reward of Honesty
(B)
This is a page from a college information handbook. It tells you where you can find various college services and facilities.
Where To Find Help In The College
Here is the location of some important college services and facilities.
Rooms numbered 100-130 are on the first floor and those numbered 200-230 on the second floor of the main college block.
Student Services Centre
Careers
The staff members are available to advise on career choice and applications for higher education.
Accommodation office
Mrs J Mardle is available each afternoon from 1:30 to 4:30 to assist students with problems relating to housing.
Medical Room
Mrs J Wright, the college nurse, is available each morning form 9:30 to 12:00 am. The college doetor is in attendance on Wednesday mornings.
Sports Office
Sports Office
Mrs B Murie can provide information about sporting and keep-fit activities. Student Union Office
A range of services and advice (travel etc.) is provided.
Food Service
Mr G Nunn is the manager and will do his best to help if you require a special diet. Library
Besides books this also has photocopying, video, audio-visual and computing facilities.
Self Access Language Learning Centre
Students can attend on a drop-in basis from 9:00 am to 4:15 pm.
75. Where should you go for help if you fail to find a place to live?
A. Room 114.
B. Room 207
C. Room 222
D. Room 113
76. As a foreign student, you may go to Room 127 to .
A. apply for a scholarship
B. ask for supply of some special food
C. inquire about educational fees
D. obtain a copy of certificate
77. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. You need a reservation in the Language Learning Centre.
B. You are able to watch video programmes in the library.
C. The college muse is available for some time before noon.
D. Student Services Centre can help students apply for higher education.
(C)
The science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper. Indeed, as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy man‘s wants. The world itself has bee n changing rapidly. Space technology, industrial technology, and the technology of the home, the farm, the office, the bank, and the department store have all been revolutionized.
Clearly, every grown-up today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics. Whether it be Congress (美国国会) voting huge sums of money for new warships, space exploration, or atomic energy; the office staff learning to use a new computer; son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon; or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove, physics seems to be everywhere.
Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will themselves then contribute (贡献) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.
But in any case, they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science (any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways, they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life.
78. The application of new advances in physics to inventions .
A. may solve all the problems in teaching
B. can help people understand the meaning of life
C. is intended to meet people‘s needs
D. makes people understand the voting rules of the Congress.
79. According to the passage, many American teachers are making efforts to do all of the following EXCEPT 。
A. stimulating their students‘ curiosity in physics
B. making their students understand the importance of physics
C. giving their students the information of new advances in science
D. creating excitement about physical education among their students
80. The word ―themselves‖ in the third paragra ph refers to .
A. some of the eager students
B. the students in the classroom
C. the teachers giving lessons
D. all the scientists in physics
81. The first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about .
A. new advances in physics
B. the use of physics in our life
C. the science of physics
D. modem developments in science
(D)
Imagine that the genome (基因组) is a book. The book consists of 23 chapters with thousands of stories made up of paragraphs, words and letters on different levels. There are one billion words in the book, which makes it longer than 5,000 volumes the size of this book. Or as long as 800 Bibles, If I read the genome out to you at the rate of one word per second for eight hours a day, it would take me a century. If I wrote out the human genome, one letter per millimeter, my text would be as long as the River Danube. This is an enormous document. A huge volume, a cook book of great length, and it all fits inside the extremely small nucleus (核) of a tiny cell that fits easily upon the head of a pin.
The idea of the genome as a book is not, strictly speaking, even a metaphor (比喻), It is true to a great extent. A book is a piece of digital information, written in one-directional form and defined by a code that translates a small alphabet of sings into a large dictionary of meanings through the order of their groupings. So is a genome. The only complication is that all English books read from left to right, while some parts of the genome read from left to right, while some parts of the genome read from left to right, and some from right to left, though never both at the same time.
While English books are written in words of different lengths using twenty-six letters. Genomes are written entirely in three-letter words, using only four letters, And instead of being written on flat pages, they are written on long chains of DNA molecules (分子), The genome is a very clever book, because in the right conditions it can both photocopy itself and read itself.
82. How do human genomes read according to the passage?
A. Only from left to right.
B. Only from right to left.
C. From both directions at the same time
D. From one direction at a time
83. We can learn from the passage that the human genome .
A. is as long as the River Danube
B. can be easily placed on the head of a pin
C. is coded with and alphabet of four letters
D. is smart enough to read and take photos of itself
84. It can be concluded that the passage is mainly written for .
A. specialists in the field
B. general readers
C. natural scientists
D. readers with academic background
85. The real purpose of the author‘s comparison of the genome to a book
is .
A. to focus on the differences between the two
B. to lay emphasis on the similarities between the two
C. to simplify the concept of the human genome
D. to give an exact description of the human genome
答案与评分标准
第一卷
C51.B52B.53.A54.D55.C56.B57.C58.C59.D60.A
61.D62.B63.B64.A65.C66.A67.C68.D69.B70.A
第五大题，每小题2分，共30分
71.A72.B73.C74.A75.A76.B77.A78.C79.D80.A
81.B82.D83.C84.B85.C
2002年上海市秋季高考英语试卷
(A)
Have you ever regretted doing something you shouldn‘t have done or something you didn‘t do which you should have? At one time or another we probably all have. There‘s no 51 in getting depressed about it now – it‘s no 52 crying over spilt （溢出的）milk. However, there may be some gain in thinking about exactly what happened and why 53 we might be able to draw some conclusions for the future.
One thing we all do now and again is to lose our 54 with a friend or close relative. The odd thing is that we more often display great 55 towards someone we are fond of than towards 56. The explanation may be that we see friends and relatives as a kind of safety net, an opportunity to 57 a bit of steam in a safe environment, while the consequences（结果）of 58 a stranger could be far more serious.
Being honest is usually thought of as a virtue（美德）and undoubtedly this is the 59. On the other hand, we have all experienced occasions when we have spoken our minds to someone, telling them exactly what we feel, and then have found ourselves filled with feelings of 60. Perhaps we should have kept our mouths shut? A. reason B. purpose C. point
D. result
A. use
B. help
C. value
D. benefit
A. so
B. because
C. but
D. though
A. mind
B. memory
C. manner
D. temper
A. anger
B. interest
C. love
D. respect
A. strangers
B. friends
C. relatives
D. colleagues
A. run through
B. throw away
C. give up
D. let off A. inviting B. insulting C. speaking to D. believing in