厦门大学网络教育2015-2016学年第二学期
《英语1》课程复习题
I. Reading Comprehension:
Passage 1
Millions of stars are traveling about in space. A few form groups which journey together, but most of them travel alone. And they travel through a universe so large that one star seldom comes near to another. For the most part each star makes its journey in complete loneliness, like a ship on an empty ocean. The ship will be well over a million miles from its nearest neighbor. From this it is easy to understand why a star seldom finds another anywhere near it.
We believe, however, that some two thousand million years ago, another star wandering through space happened to come near our sun. Just as the sun and the moon raise tides on the earth, so this star must have raised tides on the surface of the sun. But they were very different from the small tides that are raised in our oceans; a large tidal wave must have traveled over the surface of the sun, at last forming a mountain so high that we cannot imagine it. As the cause of the disturbance came nearer, so the mountain rose higher and higher. And before the star began to move away again, its tidal pull had become so powerful that this mountain was torn to pieces and threw off small parts of itself into space. These small pieces have been going round the sun ever since. They are the planets.
1. Millions of stars are _______.
A. following their own paths in space
B. moving about without a fixed course
C. seldom wandering about in the universe
D. always traveling together
2. Some two thousand million years ago, the mountain on the sun was raised probably because
_______.
A. a large tidal wave of a star traveled over the surface of the sun
B. another star happened to come near the sun
C. the sun and the moon raised the tides on the earth
D. the star moved away from the sun
3. The article suggests that _______.
A. our earth exists before the sun
B. how space formed
C. no one knows where the earth comes from
D. our earth used to be part of a high mountain on the sun
4. The expression "the cause of the disturbance" refers to _______.
A. the large tidal wave
B. the powerful tidal pull
C. the star coming near the sun
D. one of the sun's planets
5. In this article, the writer mainly wants to tell the readers _______.
A. that the universe is so large that we cannot imagine it
B. how the high mountains were formed on the sun
C. why the tides over the surface of the sun were so powerful
D. where the planets in the universe came from
Passage 2
By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly increase their children's language development. It is surprising but true. How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children's language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child's language skills increase.
A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training session in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, "What is the doggie doing?" rather than "Is the doggie running away?" The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers.
At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed 5.5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal expression and vocabulary. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of 6 months over the children in the control group.
6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Children who talk a lot are more intelligent.
B. Parents who listen to their children can teach them more.
C. Active children should read more and be given more attention.
D. Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.
7. What does "it" in line 2 can most probably be replaced by?
A. Parents increasing children's language development
B. Reading techniques being simple
C. Parents reading to children
D. Children's intelligence development
8. According to the author, which of the following questions is the best type to ask children about?
A. Do you see the elephant?
B. Is the elephant in the cage?
C. What animals do you like?
D. Shall we go to the zoo?
9. The difference between the control group and the experimental group was __________.
A. the training that parents received
B. the age of the children
C. the books that were read
D. the number of the children
10. The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is that __________.
A. parents should be trained to read to their children
B. the more children read, the more intelligent they will become
C. children's language skills increase when they are required to respond actively
D. children who read actively seem six months older
Passage 3
Different as they are, advertisements are alike in one important way. They have the same
purpose, to get people to buy something.
In the days of the cave men there was no advertising. There was no need for it. But as soon as people began to make things to sell, advertising was found to be useful. The businessmen of ancient Egypt employed "criers" to walk through the streets shouting or singing about the things they wanted to sell. Newsboys still "cry" their papers now.
In the Middle Ages businessmen hung picture signboards over their shop door showing what they had to sell. A large picture of a shoe above a shop door meant that it was a shoemaker's shop. It suggested buying shoes or having old ones mended.
As more things were made to be sold, advertising grew. Today advertising is one of the biggest businesses. A great many people work at the advertisement. Every year billions of dollars are spent on advertising.
Advertising helps sell more things to more people. This in turn makes it possible to produce more things to sell. Sometimes it even helps make things cost less. Radios, for example, used to cost much more than they do because they were turned out slowly and expensively by hand. But advertising made more people want radios. When producers began making them by the thousands, they found quicker and cheaper ways of doing the job.
11. Advertising is almost all made ___________..
A. by people who sell things
B. by people who buy things
C. by employed "criers"
D. by ancient Egyptians
12 All advertisements are the same in that ___________.
A. they are of the same color
B. they help sell things
C. they are made on television
D. they often look alike
13. It is not mentioned in the passage that__________ .
A. advertising can be in both spoken and written forms
B. advertising on TV is much preferred
C. the cave men did not make any advertisement
D. advertising today employs many "criers"
14. Radios used to cost much more than they do today because_____________.
A. people did not advertise
B. no one wanted to buy them
C. they were made slowly by hand
D. they were made quickly by machines
15 Advertising which is one of the biggest businesses probably began __________.
A. in the days of the cave men
B. in the Middle Ages
C. in the modern time
D. when there were things to sell
Passage 3
Recycling—using materials for the second time—is nothing new. Waste paper, rags, scrap-iron and many other things have been recycled and used again in many different ways for years. It is only the word that is new. But now that natural materials are becoming more difficult to find, many countries are experimenting with other ways of keeping materials.
In the USA, a publishing firm has brought out several books on pollution and waste. The books are made of recycled paper—that is paper that has been used before. In this way, several thousand trees are saved. Multiply those books by a hundred, or even a thousand, and whole forests are saved. One clever schoolboy has worked it out that if every schoolbook in the USA was
recycled, there would be enough paper for fifty packets of peanuts for every child in the world for five years. He does not say where the peanuts are to come from.
Several firms are experimenting with making containers from a hard plastic which, when the contents of the containers are finished, can be used as building materials, a kind of brick. If the mountains of empty cans all over the world can be changed into building materials that are not too expensive, that, too, is a new source of material.
16. Waste paper, rags and scrap-iron can _______.
A. be thrown away
B. not be used again
C. not be kept
D. be recycled and used again
17. Since natural materials are becoming ______, people are finding ways of making use of waste
materials.
A. more valuable
B. more useful
C. more expensive
D. more difficult to find
18. Firms using _______ may save money.
A. old paper
B. recycled paper
C. new paper
D. imported paper
19. Empty containers made of ______ can be used as building materials.
A. iron
B. a hard plastic
C. tin
D. a soft plastic
20.Which of the following can best describe the main idea of this passage?
A. building material
B. pollution
C. recycling
D. experimenting
II. Vocabulary and Structure
1. Just imagine Mary ________ in her favorite chair back home.
A. to sit
B. sit
C. sitting
D. has been sat
2. Mr. Thomas found the coins while ________ in his back garden.
A. digging
B. was digging
C. dug
D. being digging
3. Snap judgments, if ________, have usually been considered signs of immaturity or lack of
common sense.
A. taking seriously
B. taken seriously
C. take seriously
D. to be taken seriously
4. I'd offer to give you a lift if I ________ my car here.
A. have
B. am having
C. do have
D. had
5. At the end of game, the whole crowd ________ their feet and cheered wildly.
A. emerged from
B. rose from
C. got to
D. stood up
6. Being with his family for a few days I gained one or two insights ________ the reason he
behaves the way he does.
A. into
B. of
C. on
D. off
7. His thoughts were _______ from the subject by the arrival of his friends.
A. attracted
B. suffered
C. distracted
D. related
8. She is a ______ woman who is certain of her ideas and actions.
A. significant
B. aware
C. confident
D. intense
9. The method he used turned out to be _______ in improving the students' English.
A. effective
B. able
C. capable
D. explicit
10. The boss refused to give any _______ on the fact that his workers were out of jobs.
A. response
B. comment
C. answer
D. reply
11. They are teachers and don't realize ______ to start and run a company.
A. what it takes
B. what takes it
C. what they take
D. what takes them
12. He refuses to let others speak and ________ every meeting.
A. confronts
B. affects
C. attaches
D. dominates
13. The creating of the steam machine, by James Watt, was a(n) ________ idea.
A. spontaneous
B. original
C. previous
D. cautious
14. Young children have a limited attention ________ and can't focus on one activity for very
long.
A. range
B. span
C. reach
D. spread
15. The train was ________ slow I was almost two hours late.
A. so
B. such
C. very
D. that
16. He's not got another job yet and it's not ______ he will for some time.
A. likes
B. unlike
C. likely
D. like
17.She shared her deepest thoughts and fears in handwritten letters with Mary ____ they were
chatting in her living room.
A. although
B. as if
C. because
D. for
18. He pretended to be very sick and she was ____ into sympathy for him.
A. fooled
B. taken
C. prescribed
D. affected
19. ______ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they can't be solved.
A. For fear that
B. Because
C. While
D. Until
20. I'm going to spend the winter vacation in Shanghai, ______ I have relatives.
A. because
B. which
C. that
D. where
21. If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get _______.
A. alarmed
B. scared
C. surprised
D. confused
22. ________ else goes, I won't.
A. Who
B. Whom
C. Whoever
D. He who
23. Thanks go to the trashmen who leave the streets ________ each night.
A. cleanest
B. cleaner
C. cleaning
D. more cleaner
24. I ________ he'd do something silly; he's been acting strangely all week.
A. may have known
B. would know
C. have known
D. had known
25. With the job ________, he went to see a film with his colleagues.
A. done
B. doing
C. to do
D. do
26. Neither his colleagues nor his mother ________ his marriage to that girl.
A. accept
B. accepts
C. agree
D. agrees
27. He makes up his mind to ________ the post till the end of the year.
A. keep in
B. remain under
C. stay at
D. go on
28. Good managing of a company ________ great efforts.
A. calls on
B. calls out
C. calls in
D. calls at
29. Most people have no real idea how to change to healthy food, and Maureen was no ________.
A. foundation
B. possibility
C. exception
D. ignorance
30. He always knew what time it was, as if by ________.
A. instinct
B. imagination
C. reaction
D. reality
31. My uncle is great. In our family, he's ______ his cooking.
A. famous about
B. famous with
C. famous for
D. famous in
32. The heating system here has an ______ temperature control.
A. aggressive
B. intentional
C. accidental
D. automatic
33. It is nice to travel with ______ paid by your employers, at no cost to yourself.
A. facilities
B. costs
C. loans
D. activities
34. The gasoline ______ destroyed the company and injured many people.
A. explored
B. extended
C. exported
D. explosion
35. Only two people survived the fire that ______ at midnight.
A. broke out
B. broke off
C. broke up
D. broke down
36. To complete the task successfully, we have to get well prepared ______.
A. in advance
B. in detail
C. in turn
D. in force
37. The policeman went from house to house, ______ whether anyone had seen the lost boy.
A. inquiring
B. interrupting
C. informing
D. introduction
38. _______ is a spell of warm sunshine.
A. What do all of us need
B. What all of us need do
C. What need all of us
D. What all of us need
39. To be frank, I' d rather you ________ in the case.
A. will not be involved
B. not involved
C. not to be involved
D. were not involved
40. If you think that the illness might be serious you should not ______ going to the doctor.
A. put off
B. hold back
C. put away
D. hold up
41. ________ 25 years ago next month, the club is holding a party for past and present members.
A. Forming
B. Being formed
C. Formed
D. To form
42. Why are children so easily ________ by what their friends do, think, or say?
A. effected
B. respected
C. convinced
D. affected
43. _______ coming of the Space Age, a new area has been added to the study of the planets.
A. While
B. It is the
C. When the
D. With the
44. It was the training that he had as a young man _______ made him such a good engineer.
A. that
B. has
C. what
D. later
45. ______ they reached the centre of the city, they stopped the car at a restaurant.
A. Before a mile or so when
B. For a mile or so after
C. Further than a mile or so
D. A mile or so before
III. Cloze:
(1)
Mice in general are not well-liked, but a mouse named Mickey has won the hearts of millions. Movies about Mickey Mouse have been __1__ with audiences almost everywhere for more than forty years.
Walt Disney, who created this lovely cartoon __2__, was born in Chicago in 1901. Later his family moved to a farm near Kansas City, where Walt worked for some time __3__ a newsboy. However, what he really enjoyed was drawing pictures. When World War I __4__, he joined the Red Cross and went to France. After the war, Disney __5__to Kansas City to work for a
company that made fairy story cartoons. This was the kind of work he liked best. He __6__ up his mind to find better ways of making the cartoon movie __7__ they would seem alive. Sound was just starting to be used in __8__, and Disney believed it had great possibilities. He quickly __9__sound to his cartoons. When he made Mickey mouse talk on the film screen, audience were quite __10___. Mickey became a great success with both young and old.
1. A. popular B. pleased C. satisfied D. strict
2. A. picture B. character C. animal D. creature
3. A. for B. with C. as D. after
4. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke out D. broke in
5. A. removed B. arrived C. visited D. returned
6. A. did B. made C. put D. took
7. A. so that B. as C. since D. when
8. A. TV B. movies C. radio D. magazines
9. A. added B. carried C. invented D. produced
10. A. favorite B. favored C. delightful D. delighted
(2)
Coffee and tea are the most popular 1in the world. Coffee is a favorite drink of Canadians. Many Canadians like to start their day 2_ a cup of coffee. At work, they may take a coffee break. Coffee break is a time _ 3_ stop and relax for a few minutes over a cup of coffee or a snack.
___4_ is coffee so popular? For one thing, it has a rich, strong taste that many people like. It is served hot, with milk, cream or sugar. Many people like coffee in the morning because it helps them ____5 . Coffee has caffeine in it. Caffeine gives people more energy.
Every day, millions of people all over the world drink tea. Tea is the 6 drink of China, Japan, England and Russia In England, it is a custom to drink tea in the afternoon. In Japan, drinking tea is also a social _7__ and there are special rules for tea drinking.
Tea comes from tea 8 . We make tea by pouring 9 water on dried tea leaves. People usually drink hot tea, but it can be served cold. Some people like to drink tea with milk or cream. Other people 10__ milk or cream in tea, but they put in honey, sugar or lemon. Tea also has some caffeine in it.
1. A. drinks B. drink C. water D. drinking water
2. A. from B. at C. in D. with
3. A. for B. to C. with D. at
4. A. Why B. What C. Which D. When
5. A. move away B. wake up C. come in D. look down
6. A. personal B. general C. possible D. national
7. A. study B. custom C. way D. belief
8. A. roots B. stems C. branches D. leaves
9. A. cooling B. running C. boiling D. fresh
10. A. hate B. like C. enjoy D. love
(3)
Nobody wants to be 1 . Unfortunately our bodies can develop problems. When we aren't 2 , our bodies tell us. Sometimes a part of our body hurts. When a part of our body ____3 , we say we have aches and pains. We can have aches and pains in different parts of the
body.
We call some simple 4 problems "aches." For example, we can have a headache, a toothache, an earache, a backache or a stomachache. Other simple problems are not 5 aches, so we describe them in different ways. For example, we can have a sore throat, a sore leg, a sore toe.
"Pain" is another word that we use to 6 a problem. We can have a pain in the chest, a pain in the shoulder or a pain 7 the back. A pain is strong. Also, a pain hurts in a specific place. When aches and pains aren't too 8 , we can buy medicine in the drugstore. Usually small aches go away quickly. When pain is more serious, we 9 to visit the doctor (or the dentist). The doctor asks us what our symptoms are. The doctor may have to do tests or take X-rays to 10 what is wrong. Then he or she will tell us what to do.
1. A. sleep B. bad C. cold D. sick
2. A. healthy B. well C. health D. fat
3. A. hurt B. hurting C. hurts D. have hurt
4. A. healthy B. health C. well D. fat
5. A. talked B. spoken C. seen D. called
6. A. describe B. tell C. talk D. speak
7. A. at B. on C. in D. over
8. A. light B. serious C. series D. heavy
9. A. having B. had C. have D. has
10. A. believe B. know C. talk D. say
IV. Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English or English into Chinese:
1.网上教育需要更多的投入来跟上课程进度。
2.学会一门外语是最困难但却也是最大收获的经历之一。
3.要给人留下好印象，你必须要保持你最佳状态的自我。
4.为了准备接受新挑战，他必须根据事实和经验做出决定。
5.掌握一门外语有助于跨越不同语言和文化之间的鸿沟。
6.“一见钟情”或”瞬间成恨”常视为不成熟的标记。
7.在面对个人压力时要坚信自己。
8.我们珍惜自己行动的自由, 劳动的果实和我们的生命。
9.我们可以在家里通过因特网供应商订购杂货。
答案：
Key to the revision exercise Band1:
I. ABDCD DACAC AB BCD D DBBC
II. 1---15 CABDC ACCAB ADBBA
16---30 CBACD DCBCA BCACA
31---45 CDBDA AADDA CDDAD
III. Cloze 1:ABCCD BABAD
Cloze 2: ADBAB DBDCA
Cloze 3:DACBD ACBCB
IV. Translation:
1.Online learning requires extra commitment to keep up with the flow of the course.
2.Learning a foreign language is one of the most difficult yet most rewarding experiences.
3.If you want to make a good impression on other people, you have to be yourself at your best.
4. In order to get prepared for a new challenge, he has to make decisions based on facts as well
as experience.
5. Mastering a foreign language can help bridge the gap between different languages and
cultures.
6. “Love at first sight” and “instant hate” are often considered signs of immaturity.
7. Stand firmly for your convictions when confronted with personal pressure.
8. We hold dear/value our freedom to move about, the fruits of labor and, our own lives.
9. We can order groceries at home through Internet suppliers.
《大学英语1》课程综合复习资料 I. Use of English 1. — Write to me when you get home. — OK, I _______. A) must B) should C) will D) can 2. ― I hope I am not interrupting your work. ― ________________. A) Oh，that’s all right. B) O.K. Let’s start again. C) Please go on with your work. D) It’s hard to say. 3. —let me introduce myself. I am Tom. — _______. A) What a pleasure B) It's pleasure C) I'm very pleased D) Pleased to meet you 4. — Could you pass me the salt and pepper? — _______. A) Sorry， I didn't know what you mean. B) Ok， here you are. C) No， I won't. D) I don't know. 5. —Why haven’t you bought any butter? — I _________ to but I forgot about it.
A) liked B) wished C) meant D) expected 6. —“Where is Mary?” — “She ____ to school.” A) will go B) has been C) has gone D) went 7. — Have you finished your housework____? — Yes. I have____ finishe A) yet， already B) already， yet C) ever， never D) still， just 8. — How are you? — ________ A) I am quite good. B) I am very sorry. C) How are you? D) Fine， thank you. 9. — I usually go there by train. — Why not _______ by boat for a change? A) try to go B) try going C) try go D) go to try
库一 1、下列对信息的描述，错误的是（A ）。 数据就是信息 信息是用数据作为载体来描述和表示的客观现象 信息可以用数值、文字、声音、图形、影像等多种形式表示 信息是具有含义的符号或消息，数据是计算机内信息的载体 2、以下关于图灵机的说法，错误的是（B）。 在图灵机的基础上发展了可计算性理论 图灵机是最早作为数学运算的计算机 图灵机是一种数学自动机器，包含存储程序的思想 图灵机是一种抽象计算模型，用来精确定义可计算函数 3、用32位二进制补码表示带符号的十进制整数的范围是（C）。-4294967296～+4294967295 -4294967296～+4294967296 -2147483648～+2147483647 -2147483647～+2147483648 4、某微型机的CPU中含有32条地址线、28位数据线及若干条控制信号线，对内存按字节寻址，其最大内存空间应是（A）。 A、4GB B、4MB C、256MB D、2GB 5、下面关于计算机语言的叙述中，正确的是（D ）。 汇编语言程序是在计算机中能被直接执行的语言 机器语言是与计算机的型号无关的语言 C语言是最早出现的高级语言 高级语言是与计算机型号无关的算法语言 6、中文Windows XP操作系统是一个（B ）。 用户多任务操作系统 单用户多任务操作系统 多用户单任务操作系统 单用户单任务操作系统 7、中文WindowsXP中的"剪贴板"是（A ）。 内存中的一块区域 硬盘中的一块区域 软盘中的一块区域 高速缓存中的一块区域 8、以下对WindowsXP的系统工具的叙述，错误的是（D ）。 磁盘备份是防止硬盘的损坏或错误操作而造成数据丢失 "磁盘清理"是将磁盘上的文件以某种编码格式压缩存储 "磁盘碎片整理程序"可以将零散的可用空间组织成连续的可用空间 "任务计划"不能清理硬盘 9、下列关于WordXP各种视图的叙述中（C）是错误的。 在普通视图下不能显示图形 在页面视图下所见即打印所得 在Web版式视图下所见即打印所得 在大纲视图下可以查看文档的标题和正文 10、WordXP的打印预览状态下，若要打印文件。以下说法正确的是（ C ）。 只能在打印预览状态下打印 在打印预览状态下不能打印 在打印预览状态下也能打印 必须退出打印预览状态后，才能打印 11、以下有关光盘存储器的叙述中，错误的是（D ）。 只读光盘只能读出而不能修改所存储的信息 VCD光盘上的影视文件是压缩文件 CD-ROM盘片表面有许多凹坑和平面 DVD与VCD的区别只是容量上的不同 12、用Windows画图软件读入一个16色bmp位图文件，未经任何处理，然后再以256色bmp位图模式存盘，则（ D ）。像素的个数会增加 像素的个数会减少 图像的颜色数会增加 图像文件的存储空间会增大 13、下面关于图像压缩的描述，错误的是（A ）。 图像压缩编码的理论基础是控制论 图像压缩包括有损压缩和无损压缩 好的算法可以进一步提高图像的压缩率 图像之所以要压缩是因为数字化后还有很大的冗余量 14、局域网的网络硬件主要包括服务器、工作站、网卡和（C）。 A、网络协议 B、网络操作系统 C、传输介质 D、网络拓扑结构 15、调制解调器（Modem）的功能是实现（A）。 模拟信号与数字信号的相互转换 数字信号编码 模拟信号转换成数字信号 数字信号放大 16、IP地址由网络号和主机号两部分组成，用于表示A类地址的主机地址长度是（ C ）位二进制数。 A、8 B、8 C、24 D、32 17、一台计算机中了特洛伊木马病毒后，下列说法错误的是（ C ）。 计算机上的数据可能被他人篡改 计算机上的有关密码可能被他人窃取 病毒会定时发作，以破坏计算机上的信息 没有上网时，计算机上的信息不会被窃取 18、在学生课程管理中分别使用以下二种表示，即： （1）表SC（学号，姓名，课程号，课程名，学时，学分，成绩）；（2）表STUDENT（学号，姓名，课程号）和表COURSE（课程号，课程名，学时，学分，成绩）。 则以下叙述正确的是（B ）。 采用（1）表示的数据冗余量大，查找速度也慢 采用（1）表示的数据冗余量大，但查找速度快 采用（2）表示的数据冗余量大，查找速度也慢 采用（2）表示的数据冗余量大，但查找速度快 19、在E-R图向关系模式转换中，如果两实体之间是多对多的联系，则必须为联系建立一个关系，该联系对应的关系模式属性包括（D ）。 自定义的主键 联系本身的属性 联系本身的属性及所联系的任一实体的主键 联系本身的属性及所联系的双方实体的主键 20、在ACCESS XP中说查询的结果是一个"动态集"，是指每次执行查询时所得的数据集合（B ）。 都是从数据来源表中随机抽取 基于数据来源表中数据的改变而改变 随着用户设置的查询准则的不同而不同 将更新数据来源表中的数据 21、计算机之所以能实现自动连续执行，是由于计算机采用了（ D ）原理。 A、布尔逻辑运算 B、数字模拟电路 C、集成电路工作 D、存储程序控制 22、下列叙述中,正确的是（A ）。 A、目前计算机的硬件只能识别0和1所表示的信号 B、内存容量是指微型计算机硬盘所能容纳信息的字节数 C、微型计算机不需避免强磁场的干扰 D、计算机系统是由主机和软件系统组成 23、以下叙述错误的是（D ）。 A、主频很大程度上决定了计算机的运行速度 B、字长指计算机
《公务员法》与《国家公务员暂行条例》之比较 《中华人民共和国公务员法》自2006年1月1日起实施，原来的《国家公务员暂行条例》同时废止，它的颁布实施意义重大，标志着我国公务员制度建设进入了新的阶段。这段时间我通过认真阅读这两个法律文本，总结出了《公务员法》与《国家公务员暂行条例》之间的一些区别，我认为主要有以下几个方面。 第一，《公务员法》调整了公务员的范围，使公务员的范围扩大。《国家公务员暂行条例》第一章第三条规定：“本条例适用于各级国家行政机关中除工勤人员以外的工作人员。即《国家公务员暂行条例》中的公务员仅指国家行政机关中除工勤人员以外的工作人员。而《公务员法》第一章第二条规定：“本法所称公务员，是指依法履行公职，纳入国家行政编制、由国家财政负担工资福利的工作人员。”按照上述规定，符合以下三个条件的才算是公务员：一是必须是依法履行公职，二是使用行政编制，三是由国家财政负担工资福利。这三个条件必须同时具备才是公务员。由此可见，公务员包括七大类机关工作人员：中国共产党机关的工作人员、人大机关的工作人员、行政机关的工作人员、政协机关的工作人员、审判机关的工作人员、检察机关的工作人员、民主党派机关的工作人员。把上述机关的工作人员纳入公务员范围，将有利于加强对机关干部队伍的统一领导和保持干部队伍的整体性。
第二，完善了公务员分类管理制度。《国家公务员暂行条例》虽然也规定了国家实行职位分类制度，但是却没有详细划分职务类别。而《公务员法》第三章第十四条规定：“国家实行公务员职位分类制度。公务员职位类别按照公务员职位的性质、特点和管理需要，划分为综合管理类、专业技术类和行政执法类等类别。国务院根据本法，对于具有职位特殊性，需要单独管理的，可以增设其他职位类别。各职位类别的适用范围由国家另行规定。” 国家根据公务员职位类别设置公务员职务序列。公务员职务分为领导职务和非领导职务。领导职务层次分为：国家级正职、国家级副职、省部级正职、省部级副职、厅局级正职、厅局级副职、县处级正职、县处级副职、乡科级正职、乡科级副职。非领导职务层次在厅局级以下设置。综合管理类的非领导职务分为：巡视员、副巡视员、调研员、副调研员、主任科员、副主任科员、科员、办事员。 公务员的职务应当对应相应的级别。公务员的级别根据所任职务及其德才表现、工作实绩和资历确定。公务员在同一职务上，可以按照国家规定晋升级别。国家根据人民警察以及海关、驻外外交机构公务员的工作特点，设置与其职务相对应的衔级。 第三，实行统一的工资制度。《公务员法》第十二章第七十三条规定：“公务员实行国家统一的职务与级别相结合的工资制度。”《公务员法》还规定了许多其他关于公务员工资福利的制度，如：“国家建立公务员工资的正常增长机制。公务员的工资水平应当与国民经济发展相协调、与社会进步相适应。公务员按照国家规定享受福利待
《大学英语1》期末考试综合复习资料 I. Use of English(20%)—交际英语，共10道选择题，每题2分，共20 分。 II.Reading Comprehension (40%)—阅读理解，4篇文章，共20道选择题，每题2分，共40分。 III.Vocabulary and Structure(30%)—词汇与语法，共30道选择题，每题1分，共30分。 IV.Cloze Test (10%)—完形填空，共10道选择题，每题1分，共10分 I. Use of English (10×2) Directions:In this part there are 10 incomplete dialogues. For each dialogue there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. —Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the railway station? —____________ A. No, I couldn’t. B. Sorry, I don’t know. I’m new here. C. I couldn’t tell you. D. You can’t ask me. 2. — What day is today? — _____________. A. Today is March 24. B. Today is not bad. C. Today is sunny D. Today is Saturday 3. —How do you do? Glad to see you. — _________________________ A. How are you? Me too. B. How do you do? Glad to meet you. C. I am fine, thank you. And you? D. Nice, how are you? 4. —I’m sorry. Bob’s not in his office. — _________ A. Can you take a message for me? B. Are you sure for that? C. Would you like to leave a message? D. Can you phone me?
计算机基础知识试题及答案选择题（一） 基础 一、 选择题 1、 世界上首先实现存储程序的电子数字计算机是 —。 A 、ENIAC B 、UNIVA C C 、EDVAC D 、EDSAC 2、计算机科学的奠基人是 _。 A 、查尔斯.巴贝奇 B 、图灵 C 、阿塔诺索夫 D 、冯.诺依曼 2、 世界上首次提岀存储程序计算机体系结构的是 _。 A 、艾仑？图灵 B 、冯？诺依曼 C 、莫奇莱 D 、比尔？盖茨 3、 计算机所具有的存储程序和程序原理是 _ 提岀的。 A 、图灵 B 、布尔 C 、冯？诺依曼 D 、爱因斯坦 4、 电子计算机技术在半个世纪中虽有很大进步，但至今其运行仍遵循着一位科学家提出的基本 原理。他就是 ____ 。 A 、牛顿 B 、爱因斯坦 C 、爱迪生 D 、冯？诺依曼 5、 1946年世界上有了第一台电子数字计算机，奠定了至今仍然在使用的计算机 _________ 。 A 、外型结构 B 、总线结构 C 、存取结构 D 、体系结构 6、 在计算机应用领域里， _____ 是其最广泛的应用方面。 A 、 过程控制 B 、科学计算 C 、数据处理 D 、计算机辅助系统 7、 1946年第一台计算机问世以来，计算机的发展经历了 4个时代，它们是 _____ 。 A 、 低档计算机、中档计算机、高档计算机、手提计算机 B 、 微型计算机、小型计算机、中型计算机、大型计算机 C 、 组装机、兼容机、品牌机、原装机 D 、 电子管计算机、晶体管计算机、小规模集成电路计算机、大规模及超大规模集成电路计算机 8、 以下属于第四代微处理器的是 。 12、 计算机业界最初的硬件巨头 蓝色巨人”指的是 _。 A 、IBM B 、Microsoft C 、联想 D 、Sun 13、 第四媒体是指（ ）。 A 、报纸媒体 B 、网络媒体 C 、电视媒体 D 、广播媒体 14、 CAD 是计算机的主要应用领域，它的含义是 ______ 。 A 、计算机辅助教育 B 、计算机辅助测试 A 、Intel8008 B 、Intel8085 10、 11、 C 、Intel8086 Pentium IV A 、第一代 D 、Intel80386/486/586 处理器属于 B 、第三代 处理器。 D 、第五代 计算机能够自动、准确、快速地按照人们的意图进行运行的最基本思想是 A 、采用超大规模集成电路 B 、采用CPU 作为中央核心部件 C 、采用操作系统 D 、存储程序和程序控制 计算机工作最重要的特征是—。 A 、高速度 B 、高精度 C 、存储程序和程序控制 D 、记忆力强 C 、第四代
公务员法2020实施细则全文 公务员的条件、义务和权利、职务和级别、招聘、考核、任免、晋升和解雇、奖励、纪律处分、培训、交流和回避、工资和福利保险、辞职和解雇、退休、投诉和指控、任用、法律责任和附例共18章，107条。 中华人民共和国公务员法是2005年4月27日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十五次会议通过的关于公务员的国家法律制度。与1993年8月国务院颁布的《国家公务员暂行条例》相比，《国家公务员暂行条例》在许多方面取得了新的突破，具有新的特点，因此常被称为新公务员法，可以概括为两个方面: 一是公务员制度和公务员管理的总则，包括公务员制度的指导思想和基本原则,公务员的范围、条件、义务和权利、公务员的职位和级别、公务员管理机构和违反公务员法的法律责任等。 二是关于公务员各方面管理的基本管理制度的规定，包括公务员的招聘、考核、任免、晋升、奖惩、培训、回避交流、工资福利保险、退休、投诉、检举、任用等。《公务员法》在暂行规定的基础上，保持了公务员制度的连续性和稳定性，同时又有了一些新的发展和特点: 一是调整了公务员的范围。
1993年8月，国务院颁布了《国家公务员暂行条例》，规定公务员以国家行政机关工作人员为限。中国共产党机关、全国人大、全国政协和各民主党派的工作人员都是参照管理的。公务员法扩大了公务员的范围。 第二条规定: ”本法所称公务员，是指依法执行公务，隶属于国家行政机关，国家财政承担工资、福利的人员”也就是说，只要符合依法执行公务的三个条件的工作人员被纳入国家行政机关，由国家财政支付工资，就被纳入公务员管理范围。这不仅符合我国干部人事管理的实际，而且有利于加强干部队伍的统一领导，维护干部队伍的廉洁性，有利于机关之间的干部交流。 第二，《公务员法实施细则》总结吸收了近十年来干部人事制度改革取得的一些新成果，如竞聘聘任、公开选拔、任用预告、任期制度、试用制度、部分职位聘任制度、人事争议仲裁制度等，进一步完善和发展了公务员制度，保持了公务员制度与时俱进的生命力。根据中国共产党第十六次全国代表大会对完善干部职务与职级结合制度的要求，新公务员法对现行职务级别制度进行了改革和完善，使职务与职级关系更加合理。 第三，根据《公务员法》的规定，根据公务员职务的性质、特点和管理需要，将公务员职务分为综合管理、专业技术和行政执法。改变了
【练习版】大学英语1复习资料（考试用） 【阅读理解】 第一单元 About twenty of us schoolchildren had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our “art” would only (1)for three minutes, we were given the opportunity to see quite a number of interesting things. Soon after we arrived , bright lights were turned on. Since it was very hot in the studio, it came as a (2) to us to see one of the actors put on a overcoat. He (3) a hat down over his eyes , put his hands in his pockets, and started walking along a winding path. A big fan began (4) small white feathers down on him, and soon the bare trees were covered in “snow”. Two more fans were turned on, and a “strong wind”whistled through the trees. The first actor was dragging through the snow when the second, (5) as a beggar, began walking towards him trembling with cold. The next (6) was a complete contrast. The way it was filmed was quite (7) .Pictures taken on an island in the Indian Ocean were shown on a glass screen. An actor and an actress stood in front of the (8) so that they looked as if they were at the water’s edge on an island. Since it was our (9) next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us .For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the (10) of being film “stars”! Instructions dressed image surprise excitement scence shaking pulled blowing sequence turn extraordinary severe last anticipate 第二单元 When he got the call that his son was ill in California and not expected to live for long, Bill didn’t know (1) he was going to get the money for his wife and himself to make the trip. Bill had worked as a truck driver his entire life, but he never managed to have any (2). So with (3) Bill walked the mile to the filling station and told the owner, ”My son is really sick and I’ve got no cash. Can you trust me for the phone call to California?” “Pick up the (4) and talk as long as you need to,” was the answer. As
选择题练习 一、基础知识 １.晶体管计算机是___D___代的计算机。 A、第一代 B、第二代 C、第三代 D、第四代 2. 微型计算机中运算器的主要功能是__B___。 A、逻辑运算 B、算术运算和逻辑运算 C、算术运算 D、科学运算3．微机的微处理器芯片上集成有____B_____。 A、控制器和存储器 B、控制器和运算器 C、CPU和存储器 D、运算器和I/O接口 4．微型计算机硬件系统中最核心的部件是___B___。 A、主板 B、CPU C、内存储器 D、I/O设备 5．计算机的主机指的是 C 。 A、运算器和内存储器 B、运算器和控制器 C、中央处理器和内存储器 D、运算器和外存储器 6．计算机的存储系统由____B____组成。 A、ROM和RAM B、内存和外存 C、硬盘和软盘 D、磁带机和光盘7．一台完整的计算机系统应包括____B_____。 A、CPU和输入/输出设备 B、硬件系统和软件系统 C、内存储器、控制器和运算器 D、主机和外部设备 8. 计算机热启动是指____B____。 A、计算机自动启动 B、不断电状态下的重新启动 C、重新由硬盘启动 D、计算机发热时候的重新启动 9．计算机能直接执行的语言是____B_____。 A、高级语言 B、机器语言 C、汇编语言 D、BASIC语言 10、下列存储器中，断电后信息会丢失的是___C____。 A、CD－ROM B、磁盘 C、RAM D、ROM 11．ROM表示___D___。 A、随机存取存储器 B、读写存储器 C、硬盘 D、只读存储器12．在微型机中CPU对以下几个部件访问速度最快的是____C_____。 A、硬盘 B、软盘 C、RAM D、打印机 13．在计算机内部，汉字的内码是___C____来表示。 A、ASCII码 B、BCD码 C、二进制数 D、十六进制数 14．下列数中最小数是 D 。 A、（101101）2 B、（46）10 C、（2F）16 D、（54）8 15．下列数中最大数是 B 。 １
复习资料 I.Vocabulary and Grammar 1. I have a car, so I can ____A______ you __________ at 7 o’clock tomorrow morning. A. pick up B. pick out C. pick down D. pick in 2. ____C______ is a great honour to me. A. To be elected B. To being elected C. To have being elected D. Having elected 3. It’s an attractive little home, and sold at only $100,000. I think it’s a ____C______. A. thing B. expense C. bargain D. luxury 4. This is _____C_____ interesting story I have ever heard. A. more B. the more C. the most D. most 5. It was generous __A___ you to give me this present. A. of B. for C. to . D. at 6. ___B____ he said these words, everyone looked up at him as if they had never seen him before. A. The time B. The moment C. The occasion D. The present 7. He went around ___A_____ that all the windows were closed. A. making sure B. makes sure C. make sure D. made sure 8. It is hard for us ___D____ nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers (先驱者) A. realizes B. realizing C. realized D. to realize 9. __A___ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting. A. If B. Where C. That D. What 10. China firmly opposes nuclear arms race (核军备竞赛), ___B_____ has won favorable comments from world opinion. A. that B. which C. it D. who
（1）通常所说的微型机主机是指 A）CPU和内存B）CPU和硬盘 C）CPU、内存和硬盘D）CPU、内存与CD-RO M 【解析】内存又称为主存。CPU与内存合在一起一般称为主机。 （2）一个完整计算机系统的组成部分应该是 A）主机、键盘和显示器B）系统软件和应用软件 C）主机和它的外部设备D）硬件系统和软件系统 【解析】计算机系统由硬件（Hardware）和软件（Software）两大部分组成。硬件是指物理上存在的各种设备，软件是指运行在计算机硬件上的程序、运行程序所需的数据和相关文档的总称。 （3）以下表示随机存储器的是 A）RAM B）ROM C）FLOPPY D）CD-ROM 【解析】内存分为随机存储器（RAM）和只读存储器（ROM）。 （4）ROM中的信息是 A）由生产厂家预先写入的B）在安装系统时写入的 C）根据用户需求不同，由用户随时写入的 D）由程序临时存入的 【解析】只读存储器是只能读出而不能随意写入信息的存储器。ROM中的内容是由厂家制造时用特殊方法写入的，或者要利用特殊的写入器才能写入。当计算机断电后，ROM中的信息不会丢失。 （5）计算机的主存储器是指（……） A）RAM和磁盘…B）ROM…C）ROM和RAM….D）硬盘和控制器 【解析】主存储器由随机存储器RAM和只读存储器ROM组成，其中最主要的成分为RAM。（6）计算机内存储器是（……） A）按二进制编址….B）按字节编址… C）按字长编址…D）根据微处理器型号不同而编址 （7）DVD-ROM 属于 A）大容量可读可写外存储器B）大容量只读外部存储器 C）CPU可直接存取的存储器D）只读内存储器 【解析】DVD-ROM（只读型DVD）属于计算机数据存储只读光盘，用途类似CD-ROM。CD-ROM 的意思是"高密度光盘只读存储器"，简称只读光盘。只读光盘只能读出信息，不能写入信息。 （8）下列关于CD-R光盘的描述中，错误的是 A）只能写入一次，可以反复读出的一次性写入光盘 B）可多次擦除型光盘 C）以用来存储大量用户数据的一次性写入的光盘 D）CD-R是Compact Disc Recordable的缩写 【解析】CD-R是只能一次写入资料，可以反复读出的一次性写入光盘的只读光盘。 （9）在CD光盘上标记有CD-RW字样，此标记表明这光盘 A）只能写入一次，可以反复读出的一次性写入光盘
计算机选择题200道含答案 1. CPU能直接访问的部件是（）。 A）硬盘B）U盘C）外存D）内存 2. 通常，计算机硬件的五大基本部件包括：运算器、存储器、输入设备、输出设备和（）。 A) 显示器B) 控制器C) 磁盘驱动器D) 鼠标器 3. ROM和RAM的主要区别是（）。 A）断电后，ROM内保存的信息会丢失，RAM可以长期保存而不会丢失 B）断电后，RAM内保存的信息会丢失，ROM可以长期保存而不会丢失 C）ROM是内存储器，RAM是外存储器 D）ROM是外存储器，RAM是内存储器 4. 操作系统是一种（）软件。 A）系统B）编辑C）应用D）实用 5. 世界上第一台计算机诞生于（）。 A）1944年B）1945年C）1946年D）1947年 6. 下面哪一组是系统软件（）。 A) WINDOWS和MIS B) WINDOWS和UNIX C) WPS和UNIX D) UNIX和Word 7. 十进制数234转换为二进制数是（）。 A）11101011 B）11010111 C）11101010 D）11010110 8. 计算机多层次的存储体系结构包括( )。 A) 硬盘、软盘、CD-ROM和DVD ROM B) 内存储器、硬盘、软盘、CD-ROM和DVD-ROM C) 主存储器、辅助存储器、高速缓冲存储器 D) 内存、Cache、硬盘 9. 32位微型计算机中的32指的是( )。 A）微型机号B）机器字长C）内存容量D）存储单位 10. 在计算机中，地址和数据等全部信息的存储和运算都是采用（）。 Ａ）八进制Ｂ）十进制Ｃ）二进制Ｄ）十六进制 11. 在计算机领域中，通常用英文单词"Byte"来表示（）。 A)字B)字长C)二进制位D)字节 12. 冯·诺依曼式计算机硬件系统的组成部分包括（）。 A）运算器、外部存储器、控制器、输入设备和输出设备 B）运算器、控制器、存储器、输入设备和输出设备 C）电源、控制器、存储器、输入设备和输出设备 D）运算器、放大器、存储器、输入设备和输出设备 13. 以下说法正确的是（）。 A) CPU由运算器和存储器组成 B) 打开一个WORD文档就是把文档内容从磁盘读入内存并显示 C) 关闭电源后，ROM上的信息就消失 D) 计算机一旦感染了病毒就不能再启动了 14. 下列4个数中，最大的一个数是（）。 Ａ）（110010）2Ｂ）（66）8Ｃ）（51）10Ｄ）（35）16 15. 下列叙述中，正确的一条是（）。 A）储存在任何存储器中的信息，断电后都不会丢失 B）操作系统是只对硬盘进行管理的程序 C）硬盘装在主机箱内，因此硬盘属于主存 D）硬盘驱动器属于外部设备
英语1 复习资料 Choose the best answer from the four choices. 1.The hero of the story is an artist in his _______. A.thirtieth B. thirty C. thirty’s D. thirties 2.There is still _____ time before the train leaves. A.little B. few C. no D. a little 3.No one helped him, he did it _______. A.by himself all B. himself all C. by all himself D. all by himself 4.The basketball match will be put off if it ______. A.rains B. is raining C. rained D. will rain 5.Let’s go to ______ hospital to see Li Ping who’s been in _____ hospital for a week. A./ ; / B. /; the C. the; / D. the; the 6.I didn’t tell him _____ news at once because I wanted to give him _____ surprise. A.a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. /; the 7.—Do you want tea or coffee? —_____. I really don’t mind. A.Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 8.The problem is _______ we can master modern science and technology in a short time. A.if B. that C. how D. what 9.He is taller than _____ in his class. A.any boy B. any C. any other boy D. some other boys 10.English is as ______ as Chinese. Y ou should learn it well. A.important B. more important C. the most important D. much more important Word Spelling 11. 身份，状态n. s 12. 财产n. p 13. 有雄心的adj. a 14. 购买v. p 15. 医学（药）的adj. m 16. 旅程n. j 17. 创造性的adj. c 18. 精神n. s 19.鼓励，支持v. e 20. 促销，推销，提拔n. p 21. 可获得的，可利用的adj. a 22. 成熟的adj. m 23. 形式，情况，状况n. s 24. 教育n. e 25. 劝说，说服v. p 26. 技巧，手法；技术，技能n. t
1. 下列关于世界上第一台电子计算机ENIAC的叙述中，不正确的是（） A.ENIAC是1946年在美国诞生的 B.ENIAC主要采用电子管和继电器 C.ENIAC是首次采用存储程序和程序控制使计算机自动工作 D.ENIAC主要用于弹道计算 2. 奠定了现代计算机结构理论的科学家是（） A.诺贝尔 B.爱因斯坦 C.冯·诺依曼 D.居里 3. 提出计算机“存储程序”理论的科学家是（） A.图灵 B.布尔 C.冯·诺依曼 D.帕斯卡 4. 冯·诺依曼提出的计算机体系结构中，构成硬件系统的是（） A.2大基本部件 B.3大基本部件 C.4大基本部件 D.5大基本部件 5. 冯·诺依曼计算机工作原理的核心是（） A.顺序存储和程序控制 B.存储程序和程序控制 C.集中存储和程序控制 D.运算存储分离和程序控制 6. 计算机中用来存放程序和数据的部件是（） A.控制器 B.存储器 C.运算器 D.输入/输出设备 7. 计算机中的指令和数据的存储采用的数制是（） A.二进制 B.八进制 C.八进制 D.十六进制 8. 采用大规模和超大规模集成电路作为逻辑器件的是（） A.第一代计算机 B.第二代计算机 C.第三代计算机 D.第四代计算机 9. 下列关于服务器的描述，正确的是（） A.服务器不是计算机 B.服务器是为个人服务的计算机 C.服务器是为多用户服务的计算机 D.服务器是便携式计算机的别名 10. 下列选项中，赋予计算机综合处理声音、图像、动画、文字、视频和音频 信号功能的技术是（） A.计算机网络技术 B.虚拟现实技术 C.多媒体技术 D.面向对象技术 11. 将计算机分为大型机、中型机、小型机、微型机的依据是（） A.计算机的运算速度 B.计算机的体积大小 C.计算机的重量 D.计算机的耗电量 12. 计算机应用最广泛领域是（） A.数值计算 B.数据处理 C.程控制 D.人工智能 13. 在计算机的众多特点中，最主要的特点是（） A.计算速度快 B.存储程序与自动控制 1
这是我国第《中华人民共和国公务员法》，十届全国人大常委会第十五次会议审议并通过了是我国民主法制是实行公务员制度的基本法律。它的制订颁布，一部干部人事领域的法律，是我建设的一件大事，是干部人事管理科学化、法制化的里程碑。建立和推行公务员制度，标志是政治体制改革的重要内容。公务员法的颁布实施，国干部人事制度的一项重大改革，填补了我国法律体系的一个科学化的轨道，着我国公务员制度建设迈上了法制化、规范化、为了帮助广大公务员学习必将推动我国干部人事制度的改革和民主政治建设的进程。空白，对公务员法的主要我们特设了学习公务员法问题解答专栏，和贯彻公务员法的精神和要义，内容以问答的形式进行解读。 １、问：公务员法的颁布实施有何重要意义？ 答：公务员法的颁布实施，其意义主要体现在以下三个方面： 一是填补了我国法律体系的一个空白。公务员法是建国以来我国第一部干部人事管理的综合法律，是贯彻依法治国方略的重要举措，对于健全机关干部人事管理法律法规体系，实现干部人事的依法管理，具有里程碑意义。二是必将推动干部人事制度改革的深入发展。公务员法将十多年来形成的干部人事管理的新成果，如竞争上岗、公开选拔、职位聘任以及领导干部任职公示制、任职试用期制和引咎辞职制等，进行总结吸纳，上升为法律，有利于形成广纳群贤、人尽其才、能上能下、能进能出、充满活力的用人机制，建设一支善于治国理政的高素质干部队伍。三是必将促进民主政治建设的进程。公务员法颁布实施后，通过对包括各级党政领导干部在内的广大公务员的严格要求、严格管理、严格考核，有利于树立和落实科学的发展观和正确的政绩观，有利于在新形势下坚持党管干部的原则，改进管理干部的方法，用法律保证党的干部路线、方针、政策的贯彻实施，有利于加强党的执政能力建设和加强政府的行政能力建设，促进社会主义物质文明、精神文明和政治文明建设，为全面建设小康社会以及构建社会主义和谐社会提供有力的组织保证。 ２、问：如何理解公务员法的主要内容？与公务员暂行条例相比，它的特点主要体现在哪些方面？ 答：公务员法的主要内容可归纳为两个方面：一是关于公务员制度和公务员管理的总括性规定，包括公务员制度的指导思想、基本原则，公务员的范围、条件、义务与权利，公务员的职务与级别，公务员管理机构以及违反公务员法的法律责任等；二是关于公务员管理各个环节的基本管理制度的规定，包括公务员的录用、考核、职务任免、职务升降、奖励、处分、培训、交流回避、工资福利保险、退休、申诉控告、职位聘任等等。公务员法以暂行条例为基础，保持了公务员制度的连续性和稳定性，同时也有一些新的发展和特点。 一、调整了公务员的范围。１９９３年８月国务院颁布的《国家公务员暂行条例》规定，政协机关和各民主党人大机关、中国共产党机关、公务员仅限于国家行政机关的工作人员。． 派机关的工作人员都是参照管理。公务员法扩大了公务员的范围，第二条规定：“本法所称公务员，是指依法履行公职，纳入国家行政编制，由国家财政负担工资福利的工作人员。”也就是只要符合依法履行公职、纳入国家行政编制、由国家财政负担工资福利这三个条件的工作人员，都将纳入公务员范围进行管理。这样既符合我国干部人事管理的现实情况，又有利于加强对机关干部队伍的统一领导和保持机关干部队伍的整体性，有利于干部在不同机关之间进行交流。至于具体哪些人员是公务员，公务员法中未列举的，将由公务员法的配套法规具体规定。 二、总结吸收了十余年来干部人事制度改革的一些新成果，如竞争上岗、公开选拔、任前公示、
《基础英语》复习资料 一、单词或短语英汉互译 １、将下列词语译成中文 (１）ecoｎｏmiｓt （2)ｇooｄs(３）ｐrofｉt(4)consｕｍeｒ(5）Interesｔ 1.经济学家;2、商品; 3、利润; 4、消费者5、利息（6）ｃhａrge(７)ａffect （8）industrious（９)packagｅ(10）ｍachinｅry 6、收费 7、影响８、勤劳得9、包装1０、机械 (11）cｏncern （１２)ｆｕrｎiｔure (１3)sｔrong—wiｌled (14）ｓｎｏｗｓtorm 11、关心12、家具13、意志坚强14、暴风雪 （15)coｓmetics 1５、化妆品 2、将下列词语译成英文 (１6）投资（1７)需求(18)炊具(1９)市场（20)制造商 16、invｅstment １7、dｅｍand18、cooker １９、Ｍａrket 20、manufactｕrer (21）破坏（２2)受益(23)超过(２4) 进口(２5）资源 21、spoil ２2、Bｅnefiｔ23、Exceeｄ24、Ｉmｐorｔ25、resoｕｒｃe (26)条形码（2７)结账(28)以防万一 2６、unｉversal product cｏde ２7、chｅｃkｏut 28、Ｉｎcase （29）气候（3０)免费 ２9、climate30、frｅｅ
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