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苏教版牛津英语7A-8BUnit1知识梳理(包括练习)

第一篇教材考点梳理

[搭配] enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 过得愉快

enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事

注意:enjoy后可接名词、代词和动名词作宾语。

The twin brothers always enjoy going to the concert.

这对双胞胎弟兄俩总是喜欢去听音乐会。

2 walk n.& vi. 散步;步行vt. 带……散步;带……遛弯

[搭配] walk about/around到处走走;散步

walk into走进

go for/take/have a walk去散步

take sb for a walk带某人去散步

go walking去散步

go out for a walk 出去散步

3 each adj. 各自的;每个的,每一pron. 各自;每个

Give an apple to each child. 给每个孩子一个苹果。

Each of his children goes to a different school.

他的每个孩子都在不同的学校里读书。

[搭配] each of… ……中的每一个

each other彼此

4 look forward to期待,盼望

[点拨] look forward to 中的to是介词,只能跟名词,代词或

动词的ing形式作宾语。类似词组有pay attention to。

I'm looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.

我盼望今年暑假见到你。

5 wonderful adj. 出色的,极好的

[拓展] (1)wonder用作名词时,意为“奇迹”;用作及物动词

时,意为“想知道,好奇”。

I wonder why James is always late for school.

我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。

(2)wonderfully作副词,意为“奇妙地”。

6 dress v. 给……穿衣服n. 服装

[搭配] dress up as 装扮成

dress oneself 自己穿衣服

dress sb(in…)给某人穿衣服

be dressed in穿着……

Dress yourself quickly. 你快点穿衣服

1 sometimes, some times, sometime和some time

(1)sometimes意为“有时”。

He sometimes visits his friends at weekends.

他有时周末去看望朋友。

(2)some times意为“几次”。

I have been to Beijing some times.

我去过北京几次。

(3)sometime意为“某时”。

Mum will take me to the park sometime next week.

妈妈将在下周的某时带我去公园。

(4)some time意为“一段时间”。

He spent some time painting the wall.

他花了一些时间粉刷墙面。

[拓展] sometimes是频度副词,相当于“at times”或“from time to time”。对频度副词提问用how often。

2 borrow和lend

(1)当表示向别人借东西时用borrow,常用于短语:

borrow…from…意为“向/从……借……”。

He has never borrowed money from me.

他从未向我借过钱。

(2)当表示要把自己的东西借给别人时用lend,常用于短语:

lend sth to sb/lend sb sth意为“把某物借给某人”。

Can you lend me that book?

你能把那本书借给我吗?

[拓展] keep sth(借之后)保存某物;

keep sth for+时间:借/保存某物一段时间

How long can I keep the book?

我可以借阅这本书多长时间?

3 every和each

every和each都可译为“每个,各个”,但用法不同。

(1)every强调整体概念,与all相近;each则强调个体概念。

There are tall trees on each side of the road.

在路的每一边都有高树。

(2)every指三个或三个以上的人或物;each指两个或两个以

上的人或物。

She knows every student in the school.

她认识学校里的每一个学生。

(3)every只作形容词,后跟名词,不可单独使用;而each可

作代词或形容词。

each of dictionaries

=each one of dictionaries

=every one of dictionaries

4 family, house和home

(1)family意为“家人,家庭成员”。family指家庭成员时,为

集体名词,后接复数谓语动词形式;若把family看成一个

整体,则后接单数谓语动词形式。family也有“家;家庭”

的意思,其复数形式为families。

The whole family are watching TV.

全家人都在看电视。

(2)house意为“房屋”,侧重居住的建筑物。

There is a river behind the house.

在房子的后面有一条河。

(3)home 意为“家”,侧重个人出生、被抚养长大的环境或

居住地。

Her home is far away. 她的家很远。

5 say, speak, talk和tell

(1)say强调说的内容,后接名词、代词或一个从句。

He said he wanted to go to the town.

他说他想去城里。

(2)speak常用来表示“讲某种语言”,后面直接跟表示语言的

名词,如:speak several languages 会讲几种语言;也可表

示“讲话,发言”,如:speak on the radio 在电台上讲话。

(3)talk意为“说,谈话”,指连续性的讲话,有对话的含

义;talk与speak意思相近,speak指演说或正式发言,而

talk指一般性的交谈。talk的常用搭配有:talk to/with sb“与

某人交谈”,talk about“谈论,讨论”。

(4)tell意为“告诉”,表示“讲故事”或“讲笑话”等也用tell, 强调

讲给别人听。tell的常用搭配有:tell sb st h“告诉某人某事”,

tell sb about sth“告诉某人关于某事”,tell sb(not)to do sth“告

诉某人(不)做某事”,tell sb the truth “告诉某人事实”

6 take, spend, cost, buy和pay

这五个词作“花费……时间/钱”讲时的区别:

(1)take常与表示时间的词连用,常用it作形式主语。用于句

型“It takes sb some time to do sth”。

Just a minute, it won't take me long to change.

等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。

(2)spend表示“花费金钱/时间”,主语通常为人。人+spend+

金钱+on+名词;人+spend+时间(+in)+doing sth。

I spent an hour reading. 我花了一小时读书。

(3)cost表示“花费时间/金钱/劳力等”,通常用事/物作主语。

事/物+cost+人+钱。

How much did that bag cost you?

那个书包花了你多少钱?

(4)buy 表示“花费金钱买”,主语通常由人充当。buy sb sth

=buy sth for sb 为某人买某物

She bought her friend a present.

她给她的朋友买了一件礼物。

(5)pay表示“付钱”,主语是人。人+pay+金钱+for+sth。

He paid £5 for the book. 他买这本书花了五英镑。

7 wear, put on, in, dress和have on

(1)wear意为“穿,戴”,强调状态。

She always wears black clothes.

她总是穿黑色的衣服。

(2)put on 意为“穿上,戴上”,强调动作。宾语为代词时需

放在put和on中间;反义词组是take off。

He put his coat on and went out. 他穿上外衣出去了。

(3)in表示“穿着,戴着”,说明状态。

The girl in red is my cousin.

穿红衣服的女孩是我的表姐。

(4)dress用作不及物动词,指“穿衣服”的动作;用作及物动

词,指“给……穿衣服”。

She dressed her son in a Tshirt.

她给她的儿子穿了一件T恤衫。

(5)have on指“穿,戴”,与wear意思相近,强调状态,但不

和进行时连用。宾语为代词时需放在have和on中间。

He had a beautiful new suit on.

他穿着一套好看的新衣服。

1 It is time for breakfast.

到吃早饭的时候了。

[点拨] (1)句型It's time for+名词/代词,意为“是……的时

候了”。

It's time for school. 是上学的时候了。

(2)It's time+(for sb)to do sth, 意为“是(某人)该做的时候了”。

It's time for us to go to school. 是我们上学的时候了。

2 I spend about two hours a day doing my homework.

我每天用大约两个小时做家庭作业。

[搭配]spend money/time on sth 在某事上花钱/时间

spend time(in)doing sth 在做某事上花时间

spend money(on)doing sth 在做某事上花钱

3 Thank you for organizing the class trip.

感谢你组织这次班级旅行。

[点拨] thank sb for doing sth 意为“感谢某人做某事”。for 是介词,后接动词时要用动词的ing形式。

Thanks for calling me. 谢谢你打电话给我。

4 What do you think of your new school?

你觉得你的新学校怎么样?

[拓展] What do you think of your new school?

=How do you like your new school?

=How do you find your new school?

5 People celebrate Halloween in many ways.

人们用很多方式庆祝万圣节。

[点拨] (1)celebrate 作动词,意为“庆祝”,名词形式是

celebration。

(2)way的本意为“路,道路”,在本句中指“方式,方法”,常

与in连用。in many ways意为“用许多方法”。

[拓展] 与way相关的短语:

in this way 用这种方法

in different ways 用不同的方式

in the same way 用同样的方法

by the way 顺便问一下

on one's way home 在某人回家的路上

the way to 到……的路

in a/one way=in some ways 在某种程度上

lose one's way=get lost 迷路

6 If they do not give us a treat, we can play a trick on them.

如果他们不款待我们,我们就可以捉弄他们。

[点拨] (1)这是if(如果)引导的条件状语从句。条件状语从句

和时间状语从句一样,如果主句用将来时,从句要用一般

现在时代替将来时。

(2)give sb a treat 招待某人;give sb sth=give sth to sb

给某人某物。

(3)play a trick on sb 捉弄某人

Ⅰ. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空

1. Most of the young people enjoy __________(sing) Jay Chou's

songs.

2. We are all looking forward to __________(travel)to Beijing.

3. Thank you for ____________(give)me so much help.

4. Those children finished the work____________(wonderful).

5. It's time for us ____________(leave)for Japan.

6. In a year, July and August are the ________(hot).

7. His parents work in a ____________(west)city.

8. I spent much time __________(finish)the work.

Ⅱ. 单项填空

1. ________ do you think of this book?

A. What

B. How

C. Where

D. When

2. My brother once studied in America for three years, so

he can________ English very well now.

A. talk

B. speak

C. say

D. tell

3. It will ________ us several years to learn a foreign

language well.

A. cost

B. take

C. spend

D. use

4. They are going to have a picnic ________next week.

A. sometime

B. sometimes

C. some time

D. some times

5. [2012·淮安] It's cold outside. You'd better ________

your coat and scarf.

A. work out

B. put out

C. have on

D. put on

1 energy n. 能源,能量

[拓展] 形容词energetic, 意为“精力充沛的,充满能量的”。

The more the young students worked, the more energetic

they became. 这些年轻学生们越干越有劲。

2 healthy adj. 健康的,有益健康的

[拓展] healthy的比较级和最高级形式分别是healthier和

healthiest。名词health, 意为“健康”;副词healthily, 意为“健康地”。常用短语:stay/keep healthy 保持健康。

Eating healthily is good for our health.

吃得健康对我们的健康有益。

3 luck n. 运气

[拓展] 形容词lucky, 意为“好运的”;副词luckily, 意为“幸运

地”。

He is lucky enough to pass the exam.

他很幸运通过了这次考试。

注意:lucky 加上否定前缀un,即unlucky, 意为“不幸的”;

副词为unluckily, 意为“不幸地”。

Luckily, the police came right away.

很幸运,警察马上就来了。

4 mean vt. 意味着,意思是

[拓展] 名词meaning, 意为“意义,意思”;形容词meaningful, 意为“有意义的”。

It's a meaningful experience that I will never forget.

这是一次我永远也不会忘记的有意义的经历。

5 turn n. 转动;(依次轮到的)机会

[搭配] take turns to do sth轮流做某事

Let's take turns to look after our father.

让我们轮流照看我们的父亲。

It's one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事。

It's your turn to speak at the meeting.

轮到你在会上发言了。

in turn 交替地;轮流地

read the text in turn 依次读课文

6 pay vi. & vt. 付钱;给……报酬

[搭配] pay for sth 为某物付款

pay…for…花……钱买……

pay a visit to sp 访问某处

pay attention to(doing)sth 注意(做)某事

7 fun n. 娱乐,玩笑,嬉笑;有趣的人或事物adj. 有趣的

[搭配] have fun(in)doing sth 开心做某事

good/great fun有趣的人(事物)

make fun of sb 嘲弄/取笑某人

8 boring adj. 乏味的,无聊的

[拓展] bore n. 令人讨厌的人或事vt. 使厌烦

注意:boring和bored为形容词,但boring/interesting/

surprising/exciting等形容词强调事物本身的特点,而

bored/interested/surprised/excited等形容词强调人的感受。

We were surprised at the surprising news.

对于这个令人惊讶的消息我们感到惊讶。

9 choose v. 选择

[搭配] choose to do sth 选择做某事

choose how to do sth 选择如何做某事

choose sb as/to be…选某人当……

[拓展] choice n. 选择

make a choice 作出选择

10 be made of由……制成(可以看出原材料)

[拓展] be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料)

be made out of 由……制成

be made in+地点在某地制造

be made into 被制成……

be made by sb 由某人制造

11 keep v. 保持;使保持某种状态

[拓展] (1)keep+形容词,意为“保持某种状态”。

(2)keep sb/sth+形容词,意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。

(3)keep sb/sth+表地点的介词短语,意为“让某人/某物一直

在某地”。

(4)keep doing sth, 意为“一直做某事”。

(5)keep sb/sth(on)doing sth, 意为“让某人/某物不断做某事”。

(6)keep sb/sth from doing sth, 意为“阻止、防止某人/某物做

某事”,相当于“stop/prevent sb/sth(from)doing sth”。

You must keep him in the room until he gets well.

你必须让他待在房间里直到他病好了

They kept the machine working every day.

他们让机器每天不停地运转。

Forests can keep water from running away.

森林能够防止水分流失。

12 show v. & n. 展览;演出,表演

[点拨] (1)v. 给……看;show sb sth=show sth to sb 意为“给某人看某物”。

(2)v. 表现,显露;表示;show off sth 意为“炫耀某物”。

(3)v. 为……领路;show sb around(sp)意为“带领某人参观

(某处)”;show sb in/out 意为“领某人进来出去”。

(4)n. 展示;on show意为“展出”。

巧辨异同

1 study和learn

(1)study指“(系统地)学习、研究”。可作及物动词,也可作

不及物动词,还可作名词用。作不及物动词时,后常接

表示程度的副词hard。

I am studying art hard. 我在努力学习艺术。

(2)learn指“通过学习获得知识或技能”。learn可作及物或不及

物动词,作不及物动词时,常与介词about 搭配。

I am learning about computers. 我在学电脑

2 carry, take和bring

(1)carry意为“搬运、携带”,没有明确的方向性。

He often helps the old man carry water.

他经常帮老人挑水。

(2)take意为“带走、拿走”,是把某物或某人从说话处带到别

处。即动作由近及远。

Please take your brother there tomorrow.

明天请把你弟弟带到那儿去。

(3)bring意为“拿来、带来”,是把某人或某物从别处带到说

话处。即动作由远及近。

Bring me the newspaper, please. 请把报纸带给我。

3 how often, how long, how much, how many, how soon, how

far和how old

(1)how often “多久一次”,用于提问频度副词或词组。

(2)how long “多长”,用于提问时间或物体长度。

(3)how much用于提问不可数名词的量或价格。

(4)how many 用于提问可数名词的量。

(5)how soon “多久之后”,用于提问“in+一段时间”,常用

于将来时中。

(6)how far “多远”,提问距离。

(7)how old “多大”,提问年龄。

1 It…s ve ry easy for me to get tired when I dance. 我跳舞的时

候,很容易感到疲劳。

[点拨] (1)when I dance是时间状语从句。

(2)该句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to

get tired。

①it用作形式主语,除了用动词不定式作真正的主语之

外,也可以用that从句作真正的主语。一些固定的结构有It seems that, It happens that, It is said that等。

②it也可用作形式宾语。

注意:作形式主语或形式宾语时,只能用it, 不能用that,

this等。

2 I need you to carry all the bags.

我需要你帮忙拎所有的包。

[点拨] (1)need可用作及物动词,表示“需要”。

need sth; need to do sth(表主动)

need doing sth =need to be done(表被动)

We need to water the young trees every day.

我们需要每天给小树浇水。

The young trees need watering/to be watered every day.

小树每天都需要被浇水。

(2)need还可用作情态动词,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。

You needn't talk so loud.

你不必这么大声讲话。

Need you go so soon?

你非得这么快就走吗?

3 I want to buy something for him.

我想给他买点东西。

[点拨] buy sth for sb =buy sb sth 给某人买某物。

类似的短语:

make sb sth =make sth for sb给某人制作某物

cook sb sth=cook sth for sb为某人烹饪某物

read sb sth=read sth for sb为某人读某物

get sb sth=get sth for sb为某人去取/拿来某物

draw sb sth=draw sth for sb为某人画某物

4 Oh! I don't have enough money to buy her a CD then.

噢!那么我没有足够的钱给她买一张碟片。

[点拨] (1)enough意为“充足的”。enough修饰名词时,通常放

在名词的前面。

(2)enough用作副词,修饰形容词或副词时要放在所修饰词

的后面。

(3)enough用作代词,意为“足够,充分”。

Have you had enough?你吃饱了吗?

5 Can I help you?

您买东西吗?/我能为您效劳吗?

[点拨] 这是服务员常说的一句话。常用于商店、宾馆、饭

店、图书馆等场所。

Can I help you?=What can I do for you?

6 She looks cool!她看上去很酷!

[点拨] look cool意为“看上去酷”。look 连系动词,后接形容

词作表语,形成系表结构。

常见的连系动词:look 看上去;sound 听起来;smell 闻

起来;taste 尝起来;turn 变成;become 变得;go 变成;

get 变得;grow 渐渐变得;seem 似乎;feel 感到。

注意:有些动词既是连系动词又是行为动词。通常情况下行

为动词后应用副词修饰,连系动词后应接形容词作表语。

He looks angry.(连系动词)

He looks at me angrily.(行为动词)

[拓展] 与look构成的常用的其他短语:

look for 寻找look up 抬头看;查寻

look after 照看look around 四处看看

look down on 看不起look through 透过……看

look into 往……的里面看

look out of 往……的外面看

look out at 往外看……

Ⅰ. 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空

1. Nick is young and strong. He is __________(energy)all day.

2. You should eat __________(health)food every day.

3. __________(luck), Jim fell off his bike and hurt himself badly.

4. What's the __________(mean)of the the word?

5. My bike is broken. It needs _____________________(repair).

6. [2012·滨州] You'd better________(eat)less food before you

go to bed.

Ⅱ. 单项填空

1. Most young people find ________ exciting to watch a football

match.

A. it

B. this

C. that

D. one

2. —Let's go fishing on Sunday.

—________.

A. Good idea

B. Excuse me

C. You're welcome

D. It doesn't matter

3. —________are you going to finish writing the story?

—In about five days.

A. How often

B. How soon

C. How long

D. How fast

4. —Would you please tell Miss Li that she ________ as a

volunteer for the activity?

—Of course. I will tell her tomorrow.

A. choose

B. chose

C. has chosen

D. has been chosen

5. [2012·武汉] —Do you need my help, Mary?

—________.

A. Yes, please

B. I'd love to

C. Never mind. Well done

6. [2012·呼和浩特] —A nice day today, isn't it?

—Yes. ________ go for a picnic and relax ourselves?

A. Would you like

B. Why not

C. What about

D. Why don't 第3课时Units 1—3, Book 7B

1 most adj.(many, much的最高级)最多的;多数的,大部分

的adv.(构成最高级)最,最多;非常,极n. 大多数,

大部分

[搭配] at(the)most 至多,不超过

at(the)least 至少

most of……中的大部分/大多数

Most of his time is spent travelling.

他的大部分时间花在旅行上。

2 share v. 分享,均分;共有,分配

[搭配] share…with sb 与某人分享……

He shared the story with us.

他给我们讲了这个故事。

3 quiet adj. 安静的

[点拨] quiet反义词是noisy;它们的副词分别是quietly和

noisily。

[拓展] keep quiet 保持安静

in quiet 平静地,安静地

It's good manners to keep quiet in a library.

在图书馆保持安静是有礼貌的。

注意:quite adv. 非常,很;修饰形容词或副词。如:quite quiet 很安静(勿混淆)。

4 teach vt. & vi. 教,教导,教授

[搭配]teach sb sth =teach sth to sb 教某人某事

teach oneself sth =learn sth by oneself自学某事

teach sb(how)to do sth 教某人如何做某事

He taught physics to the students at a college ten years ago .

十年前他在大学教物理。

Who taught you to ride a bicycle?

谁教你骑自行车的?

He teaches himself English.

=He learns English by himself. 他自学英语。

5 fail vt. 使失望;辜负vi. 失败,不及格;忘记

[搭配] fail to do sth 做某事失败

fail(in)the exam/test 考试不及格

He failed(in)his English examination.

=He didn't pass his English examination.

他的英语考试不及格。

He never fails to write to his mother every week.

他从来没有忘记每周给母亲写信。

6 stop vt. 塞住,堵塞;阻止,终止vi. 停止

n. 停止;车站;逗留

[搭配] stop doing sth 停止做某事

stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事

stop sb(from)doing sth

=prevent sb(from)doing sth

=keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

We're tired now. Let's stop to rest.

我们现在累了。让我们停下来休息吧。

They stopped me(from)going out of the door.

他们阻止我出门。

7 surprised adj. 吃惊的,惊讶的

[拓展] surprise vt. 使惊奇,使感到意外n. 惊奇;诧异;

surprising adj. 令人惊讶的

[搭配] be surprised to do sth 做某事很惊讶

be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶

in surprise 惊奇地

to one's surprise 使某人惊奇的是

I saw him in surprise. 我惊奇地看着他。

To my surprise, I saw him there.

使我感到惊奇的是,我在那儿看见了他。

巧辨异同

1 arrive, reach和get

这几个词均有“到达” 之意,但用法有区别。

(1)arrive 是不及物动词,表示到达,抵达某地,指行程的终

点,后常接at或in,一般in接大地方,at接小地方,若是地

点副词,则不需要介词。

(2)reach 是及物动词,直接接宾语,无须介词。

(3)get 和arrive一样,是不及物动词。多用于口语,其后接

的介词是to, 后面如接副词,则不用介词to。

It will take you five minutes to get to the post office.

到邮局需要花你5分钟的时间。

2 the other, another, the others和others

(1)表示两件东西或两个人中“一个……另一个……”时,用

one…the other…

(2)表示不定数目中的“一个与另一个……”时,用

one…another…

(3)表示一定范围内“其余所有的”用the others, 相当于the other

+名词复数

(4)表示许多人或物中的“一部分”和“另一部分”,并非全部

时用some…others…

3 none, no one和neither

(1)none pron. 指人或物,表示“什么都没有”,用于三者或三

者以上的人或物。

none of 加可数名词复数或代词的复数时,谓语动词用单

数或复数均可;当none of 加不可数名词时,谓语动词用

单数。

None of them has/have seen me before.

他们中没有一个人曾经见过我。

none of that money on the table is mine.

桌上没有一分钱是我的。

I wanted to eat some bread, but there was none left in the

fridge. 我想吃面包,但冰箱里没有剩余的了。

注意:用How many/How much 提问时,可用none 来回答。(2)no one 相当于nobody, 表示“没有一个人”,后接谓语动词的

单数形式。用who提问时,可用no one 或nobody来回答。

(3)neither pron. 表示“两者都不”,用于否定两个人或物。常用

结构:Neither of+名词(复数)+谓语(单数)

Neither of the twins is here.

那对双胞胎都不在这里。

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