初二新世纪英语笔记(下学期)
Campus Life
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Our School Newspaper
一、单词：
1.agree v. 同意agreement n. 同意
disagree v. 不同意
agreeable a. 令人喜悦的
2.success n. 成功succeed v. 成功
successful a. 成功
successfully ad. 成功
3.suggest vt. 建议，提出建议suggestion
n. 建议
4.volunteer n. 志愿者v. 自愿的
voluntary v. 自愿的，主动的
5.publish vt. 出版，发行publishing n.
出版业
publisher n. 出版商
6.responsibility n. 责任感responsible a.
责任
response n. 回答，答复
7.reader n. 读者read v. 阅读reading n.
阅读
8.writer n. 作家write v. 写rewrite v.
改写，重写
9.advertisement n. 广告advertise v. 做
广告，公布
advertising n. 做广告Campus Life
advertiser n. 登广告的人
10.attractive a. 吸引人的attraction n. 吸
引
attract v. 吸引
二、词组，笔记：
1.chief editor = editor in chief 主
编
2.school newspaper 校报
3.preside over 主持，主管Father
always presides over dinner.
4.get started = start / begin doing sth.
5.start our school newspaper 开办我们的校
报
6.discuss the name and sections 决定名称和
栏目
7.at this meeting = at the conference 在会
议上
8.be a success 会成功
9.set the ball rolling 开始
10.Let me speak first. 让我先说
let sb to do sth
11.CAMPUS STAR 校园之星
CAMPUS MIRROR 校园之镜
12.I prefer CAMPUS STAR to CAMPUS MIRROR . 我喜欢校园之星胜过于校园之镜。
13.I couldn’t agree more = I see eye to eye with you 完全同意
14.NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL NEWS 国内和国际新闻
15.STUDENTS’VOICE 学生之声
16.FUN TIME 欢乐一刻
17.ADVICE PAGE 忠告栏
18.be sure about sth
19.in one’s opinion 按某人的意见Campus Life
20.focus on 集中在，着重在
21.on campus 在校园中
22.What’s your view on that ? 你对那有什么意见？
23.agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
24.a job advertisement 一则招工广告
25.twice a month 一个月两次
26.volunteer editors and reporters 志愿编辑和记者
27.a must 必要条件
28.have good grade 有很好的成绩
29.in all their school subjects 在所有的学科
30.in addition = what’s more 除此以外
31.have a high sense of responsibility 有很好的责任感
32.be interesting in 对……感兴趣
33.view = personal opinion or attitude 看法，见解，观点
34.suggest = put sth. / sb. forward for consideration 建议，提议
35.decision = deciding ; making up one’s mind 决定，决议，结论
36.unless = if …not 除非，若不
37.rewrite = write sth. again in a different from or style 改写，重写
38.involve = include or affect (sb. / sth.) in its operation 包括，包含
39.detail = small , particular fact or item 细节，详情
三、句型结构
1.I couldn’t agree more. = I agree completely. 我非常同意。
表示完全同意的说法还有：
I certainly agree. 我当然同意。
I quiet agree with you. 我很同意你的意见。That’s my opinion , too . 这也是我的意见。
2.suggest vt. 建议，提出建议（后接名词，动词或宾语从句）
I suggest doing it in a different way.我提议用不同的方式做这件事。
Tom suggested the plan to Peter. 汤姆向皮特提出这个计划。
Campus Life
Brander suggested that she (should) wear a jacket.
Brander 建议她应穿夹克衫。
四、语法讲解
The adverbial clause of condition (unless)
unless 是个从属连词，引导条件状语从句。由于unless 具有否定意义，因此它引导的是个否定的条件（如果……不）可以把它看作是if …not 的同义表达
手段。如：
Unless he comes …= If he doesn’t come …
如果他不来……
Unless you work hard ,you will fail.
= If you don’t work hard ,you will fail.
如果你不努力工作，你会失败的。Unless 从句，如同if 从句一样，也用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
Unless it rains，I’ll pick you up at 6:00.
如果不下雨，我将在六点钟把你接走。Campus Life
Unit 1 Lesson 2 At the School Library
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1.fine adj. 好，（身体好）
n. 罚金pay a fine of 200 yuan
v. be fined 被罚款
2.renew vt. = replace (sth.) with new of the
same kind 更新，续借
renew a book 续借一本书
e.g. If you can’t finish reading it , you’ll have to renew it,
假如你还没读完，你还可以续借它。* re～前缀表示“重新，再……”例如：reread , rewrite ……
*3. library n. 图书馆
librarian n. 图书馆管理员= someone
who works in a library
4.title = headline 标题
5.loan =thing that is lent 暂借，贷款
on loan 暂借的；被暂借的
6.at most 至多= no more than at least
至少
e.g. It’s useless .It’s worth 5 yuan at most.
它没什么用，做多值5元。
He’s in primarry school ,so he is 7years old at least.
他在读小学，他至少7岁了。
7.recall vt./n. 收回/催还通知书= order
sb. to return
8.due adj. 要到期了over-due adj. 过期
了
9.fill vi./vt. 填写(只能表示动作，不能表
示状态)
e.g. Fill youer bag with your books.
把你的书包装满书The cars fill the street. 街道上挤满了汽车。
表示状态（物）be full of = be filled with Campus Life
e.g. Look , the basin is full of water.
看，这个盆子装满了水！
fill in the blank / form ,table 填空/ 表格表示状态（人）be crowded with 10. in time 及时（可以早一些）on time 准时（不用提前）.
11.with one’s voice 异口同声one at a time 一
次一个人
12.collection n. 收集；收藏 a large
collection of collect v. 收集；募集
13.offer sb. sth. 主动提出
14.store money 储存钱store information
储存信息
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,e n./v. 使用make full use of 充
分利用user n. 使用者；用户
useful / useless adj. 有用的/ 无用的
usefully adv. 有用地
16.music n. 音乐（不可数）
musical n. 音乐剧
adj. 音乐的musical
instrument 乐器
musician n. 音乐家
17.A as well as B (强调A) = not only …but
also 不但……(B) 而且……(A) 也
也= in addition 除……以外（动词与A 保持一致）
as well （后面不接任何东西）
18. no matter 不管……+ what / where / when / how
19.enjoy oneself = have a good / wonderful / lovely time 过得愉快
20.exhibit v. 展出
Campus Life
n. 展品
exhibition n. 展览，展览会
21.store = keep 储存
Ⅱ.TEXT
1.do a project on sth. 做一个关于……的课题
on 专门关于
about 泛泛关于
e.g. do a project on Western culture and customs
做一个关于西方习俗和文化的课题2. borrow sth. from sp. / sb. 从……地方借到……东西/ 人
lend sth. to sb. 把某物皆给某人
e.g. borrow some books from the school library
从学校图书馆借一些书
3.find some information 找一些资料information,news, advice,weather,fun 最常用的不可数名词
4.May I help you? = What can I do for you? 有什么需要帮助的么？
5.check for sth. on the computer 在电脑上找一些资料
6.ten minutes later 十分钟过后
7.in that case 既然如此
8.pay a fine 付罚金pay a fine of 100 yuan 付了100元的罚款
9.five pence a day for each book 每一本书每天5便士
10.on loan 暂借的
11.write down the details of the books 写下这些书的细节
12.what do you mean by that …? 你说的这是什么意思？
13.fill in this form 填写这张表格fill in = fill out 填写
14.have no idea of it. = do idea sth. 对此事一无所知
Campus Life Ⅲ.READING
1.in the west 在西方
2.more than = not only 不仅仅
3.provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 提供给某人某物
provide me with a lot of information
= provide a lot of information for us 提供一些信息给我们
4.science fiction 科幻小说
5.in the music section of the library 在有关音乐的图书馆里
6.offer special services for blind people 提供特殊服务给盲人
7.topics of interest 主题为“有趣”
8.pleasant adj. 令人满意的How pleasant the weather is!
pleased adj. 感到满意的What pleasant weather!
a pleasant trip 一个令人满意的旅行
pleasure n. 乐趣，趣事
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR
1.How many books may I borrow at a time? 每次我能借几本书？
2.How can I recall them? 我怎样收回它们？
3.The adverbial clause of purpose with so that (so
that 引导的宾语从句)
so that = in order that (为了……以便) + 目的状语从句
用来连接两个句子（主+谓）
in order to do = so as to do
其两者相比较：
I got up early in order to / so as to catch the early bus.
I got up early in order that / so that I
couldcatch the early bus.
Campus Life
Unit 1 Lesson 3 A Homepage for Dongfang International School
Ⅰ.同义解释
1.set up = establish or create srh. 建立、设立
2.equip = supply 配备、装备
3.required = compulsory 必须的，规定的，指定的
4.optional = not compulsory 任选的，选修的
5.achieve = gain or reach (sth.) usually by effort,skill,courage,etc.取得
6.consist of = be made up of 由……组成
7.staff = group of assistants working together in a business 全体职员，全体老师
8.major = important ,personal 主修的，主要的
9.minor = smaller,less serious,less important 副修的，次要的，副课
10.elementary = basic,of the beginning stages
初级的，基本的
11.secondary=following primary or junior high schools中等的，第二的
12.private = personal 私人的，私有的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,rmal=not formal 非正式的，非正规的
14.one another = each other 互相
15.excellent = very good 优秀的
Ⅱ.词性转化
1.equip v. 装备、配备
equipment n. 设备、装备
2.second det. 第二
second n. 秒
secodary a. 中等的、第二的https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,cate v. 教育人
education n. 教育
4.chemistry n. 化学
chemist n. 药剂师Campus Life
chemical a. 化学的
5.attract v. 吸引
attraction n. 吸引
attractive a. 具有吸引力的
6.recent a. 近来
recently ad. 近来
7.enjoyable a. 令人快乐的
enjoy v. 从……获得兴趣
joy n. 高兴
8.free a. 自由，免费
freely ad. 自由地freedom n. 自由
Ⅲ常用短语
1.set up 建立，设立
e.g. He set up a tent. 他搭起了帐篷
set off 出发，燃放
set out 出发，动身
set free 释放
2.in recent years……近年来……
e.g. In recent years, flood have caused billions of dollors in damage.
近年来，洪水造成了数十亿美金的损失。
3.cover an area of 占地= have an area of
e.g. Our school covers an area of 4,000 square
metres.
我们学校占地4000平方米。
4.be equipped with 配备，装备(equip with)
e.g.We equipped our new classroom with morden facilities.
我们用现代化的设备装备了我们的新教室。
5.the hotel staff 旅馆的全体工作人员
6.学科前面不加冠词。
English,Mathematics,History,Geogtaphy and so on.
Campus Life
7.take college admission tests 参加大学入学考试
take off 脱下，（飞机）起飞take seat 坐下
take back 收回，送回take away 拿走，使离开
take action 采取措施take up 开始学习
take care of 照顾，料理take care 当心
take charge of 负责take down （拿，放，记）下来
take hold of 抓住，吸引住take over 接管
take part in 参加，参与take place 发生，举行
8.one another 强调两个以上；each other 强调两者之间
Ⅳ语法知识
The adverbial clause of reason (as) (as引导的原因状语从句)
一般来说，as语气较弱，较口语话，所表示的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实，故不需要强调。因而常位于句首。而because语气较强，表示听者未知的原因，因而常常位于句末，成为信息的焦点。因此之故，as不能回答why的问题。而because则能回答why的问题。
e.g. As the weather was fine, we decided to walk to the restaurant.
因为天气好，我们决定步行去餐馆。
As I am ill, I can’t go.
因为我病了，我不能去。
I can’t go because Iam ill.
我不能去因为我病了。
Leisure Time
Unit 2 Lesson 1 Let’s Go to the Movies!
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1. leisure n. 闲暇，消遣
（in one’s）leisure time =（in one’s）spare/free time
在某人的空闲时间
for leisure 作为消遣
2. hero(es) n. 英雄
heroic adj. 英雄的
heroic deeds 英雄事迹
3. liberate v. 解放
e.g. China was liberated in 1949.
中国是在1949年被解放的。
liberation n. 解放
liberation war （中国）解放战争
e.g. After liberation, Chinese people live a happy life.
解放以后，中国人民过着快乐的生活。
4. direct v. 导演，指导
director n. 导演（人），指导者
5. none / all
noon与all 互为反义词，可以指人，也可以指物，强调数量。
noon 强调数量both
全是
nobady/no one (物) 强调类别neither 两个都不是
nothing either 两个中任意一个
6. edit v. 编辑
editor n. 编辑
7. a pair of 必须对称
a couple of day = several days
a young couple of 一对年轻的夫妻
8. make a film 制作一部电影
Leisure Time
9. effect n. 效果have a effect on 对……有效果
green house effect 温室效应
10.reappear v. 重现
disappear v. 消失
apperance n. 外表
disapperance n. 失踪
11.real adj. 真的
really adv. 真地
reality n.
realize v. 实现
12.real adj. 指材料是否“真材实料”（实际）
ture adj. 指事实是否“与实际情况相符”（抽象）
13.frightened adj. 感到害怕的
frightening adj. 令人害怕的
14.silent adj. 安静的keep silent
silence n. 安静
Ⅱ.TEXT
1. open v. 瞬间动词表示动作
open adj. be open 表示状态
2. just opened 刚开张
3. quite a few = many 一些
4. Sparkling Red Star 闪闪的红星
5. an excellent movie 一部精彩的电影
6. learn from it 从它里面学到
7. Is it a comedy,theiller or an animated movie?
这是一部喜剧，惊险电影还是一部动画片
8. a big hit
9. be directed by 由……指导
10.Who stars in it? 谁是这部电影的主演？Leisure Time
11.child actor 儿童演员
12.at that time 在那时
13.by the way 顺便问一句
14.have some articles to edit 有一些文章需要编辑
Ⅲ.READING
1. movie capital of the world 世界电影之
都不是
都
2. in the early 1900s 在19世纪初期
3. be different from 不同之处
4. no colour 没有颜色
5. no sound 没有声音
6.cowboy movie 牛仔电影
7.different kinds of 不同种类
8.animated and science faction movies 动画片和科幻电影
9.special effects 特效
10.with the help of 在……的帮助下
11.on the screen 在银屏上
12.in the jungle 在森林里
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR
1.动词不定式由不定式符号to+动词原形构
成，如to say,to write等。在有些情况下，to 需省去，或加to不加to都可以。不定式没
有人称和数的变化。否定形式是在不定式符号前加上not，never等。
e.g. It’s hard for some students to speak
English
对一些学生来讲，说英语很难。
2.动词不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、
状语、宾语补足语、和定语。
e.g. It’s important for everyone to ralex from
time to time.
Leisure Time
时不时地放松一下对每个人来讲很重要。
（作主语）
Your homework today is to read and act out
the dialogue.
今天你的作业是阅读并表演对话。（作表语）We haven’t decided when to leave for Beijing. 我们还没决定什么时候去北京。（作宾语）Tongtong bought a new recorder in order to practice English every day.
通通买了台录音机，是为了每天练习英语。（作状语）
Let him go with us.
让他和我们一起去。（作宾语补足语）
I am going to get something to read during the summer holidays.
我打算暑假里读些书。（作定语）
3.不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式结构用于ask,tell,order,want,
allow,advise等及物动词的宾语补足语。
e.g. She told ne to wait here. 她叫我等在这儿。
但动词不定式在动词
make,let,hear,watch,see,notice等后面作宾语补足语时常省去不定式符号to。had better 后也不带to，help后可带可不带to。
e.g. Let the boy watch the animated moive.
让这个男孩看动画片。
4.不定式作定语时，可置于名词或代词之后。
e.g. He has some questions to ask.
他有些问题要问。
这里的不定式与他所修饰的名词、代词结构。如果不定式是不及物动词的话，还需加上介词。
e.g. We’ll have no rooms to live in tonight.
我们今晚将没有房间住。
Leisure Time
Unit 2 Lesson 2 The Moonlight Sonata
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1. music n. 音乐listen to
music 听音乐
musical adj. 音乐的
n. 音乐剧
musician n. 音乐家
2. sudden adj. 突然的all of the sudden = suddenly
e.g. He suffered from sudden death.
suddenly adv. 突然
3. outside adv. 在外面
inside adv. 在里面
4.wish v. 祝愿wish you a pleasant trip / good luck
祝你有一次美好的旅行/祝你好运
n. 表示“不能实现的愿望”
wish 后的宾语从句必须接过去时
want 近
expect 近期
hope 长（可以实现）
wish 更长（无法实现）
wish = want sth. that seems impossible
5.afford vt. 买得起，负担得起
(1) afford sth. I can’t afford bike. 我买不起自行车。
(2) afford to do I can’t afford to buy a bike. 我买不起自行车。
afford = have enough money or time to be able to do sth
6. forget 遗忘不能与表示“地点”的介/副词连用
leave 遗忘必须与表示“地点”的介/副词连用
lose 遗失不知道在哪里
Leisure Time
forget (1) todo 忘记要去做某事（没做过）
(2) doing 忘记了做的事（已做）
口语：forget it 没事的
forget = fall to remember
7.to one’s surprise 使某人惊奇的是
8. through 穿过（中间）
across 穿过（表面）
e.g. go across the desert without water
在没有水的情况下穿过沙漠。
The wind blow across the water.
大风穿越了水。
The clouds moved across the sky.
云从天空中穿过。
9. look up 1)抬头看，仰望
e.g. He didn’t look up when I entered.
当我进来时，他没有抬头看。
2)查阅
e.g. Look sth up in a dictionary / a yellow page
在字典中/ 黄页中查阅内容
look up = raise one’s eyes ,find sth. in a book
10.old – fashioned ------- fashioned(反义词)
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,bine with 与……相结合
12.be popular with 受……欢迎
13. difficult adj. 困难的
difficulty n. 困难
14. surprise v. 使……感到惊奇
n. 惊奇
surprised adj. 吃惊的
surprising adj. 使人吃惊的
15. bright adj. 明亮的，聪明的Leisure Time
brightly adv. 明亮地，聪明地16. begin v. 开始
beginning n. 开始
17. silence n. 寂静
silent adj. 寂静的
silently adv. 寂静地
18. teenage adj. 十几岁的，青少年的
teenager n. 青少年
19. attract v. 吸引
attraction n. 吸引
attractive adj. 有吸引力的
20. develop v. 发展
development n. 发展
21. introduce v. 介绍
introduction n. 介绍
22. different adj. 不同的
difference n. 不同点
23. important adj. 重要的
importance n. 重要性
24. change v. 变化
n. 变化
changeable adj. 多变的
25. own adj. 自己的
owner n. 物主
Ⅱ.TEXT 1.one evening 一天晚上
2.walking in a street 在一条街上走
3.outside a small house 在一座小屋的外面
4.hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事Leisure Time
5.this piece of music 这首乐曲
6.can’t afford to buy 买不起
7.tickets for the concert 音乐会的门票
8.in the dim candle light 在昏暗的烛光下
9.sitting at a piano 坐在钢琴旁
10.make shoes by a table near her 在她旁边的桌子旁做鞋子
11.to his surprise 使他惊喜的是
12.play the music 弹奏音乐
13.learn it by ear 用耳朵来学
14.moon shine brightly through the window 月光从窗子里透进来
15.look up to sky for a while 仰望了一会儿天空
16.listen to him play the piano 听他弹钢琴
17.lost themselves 使他们沉湎于……
18.write doen the new piece of music 写下这首新曲子
19.Moonlight Sonata 月光奏鸣曲
Ⅲ.READING
1.rock music 摇滚音乐
2.the most popular type of music 最流行的一种音乐
3.begin in the U.S.A. 从美国开始
4.in the early 1950s 在十九世纪五十年代早期
5.at that time 在那时
6.rhythm and blues
7.be popular with 受……欢迎的
8.started as 以……作为起源
9.copy the style 抄写节奏
10.in the mid-1950s 在十九世纪五十年代中期
11.attracted millions of teenage fans 吸引了几百万青少年歌迷
12.in the early 1960s 在十九世纪六十年代早期
13.by singing American style songs
Leisure Time
14.have a very important influence on 对……产生重要影响
15.continu to do 继续做某事
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,bine with A from B A与B相结合
17.have one’s own from
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR
1.在动词see,watch,feel,notice，以及使役动词let,make,have等后面的复合宾语中作宾语的不定式，要省略to。
e.g. I often hear him sing in the next room.
我常听到他在隔壁房间里唱歌。
2.在see,watch,notice,hear等动词后面有时用不定式，表示听到或看到动作的全过程；用时用带ing的分词，往往强调所到或看到正在进行着的动作。
e.g. I saw them playing table tennis. 我看到他们在打乒乓球。
I saw them play table tennis. 我看到他们打乒乓球
Leisure Time
Unit 2 Lesson 3 Signing Up For Camp
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1.sign v. 签名
e.g.I have some files to sign. 我有很多文件需要签名。
Sign your name on my arm. 把你的名签在我的手上。
sigh up for sth = enter for 报名参加
take part in 参加活动= join in activity / match （活动）
join 参加组织sb / army / team / party (join) singing group 参加合唱小组(take part in) group singing 参加小组唱attend 去看而不做
take exams 参加考试
n. 记号，标记
2.experience n. （1）经验（不可数）
（2）经历（可数）
v. （1）经历过experience sth.
（2）体验过experienced adj. 有经验的inexperienced adj. 无经验的
e.g. Summer is an inexperienced teacher.
夏老师是一个没经验的老师。
3.would rather 宁可，宁愿，最好
would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做……也不愿做……
e.g. I would rather keep it a secret than tell you.
我宁愿把它作为一个秘密也不愿告诉你。prefer to do sth. rather do sth.
= prefer doing sth. to doing sth.
= prefer A to B
4.on one’s own = by oneself ; alone 独立的Leisure Time
sth. of one’s own = one’s own sth. 某人自己的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,ernment 政府
some government officals 政府官员
army / police officer 军官/ 警官
6. expensive adj. 太贵了------- cheap 便宜（反义词）修饰物品
expense n. 费用
price 高低（high / low）
7. help out
help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难
8. weigh v. 称……的重量
weight n. 重量
overweight adj. 超重的
9. French n. 法国人，法语
adj. 法国的
Frenchman n. 法国人
France n. 法国
10. German n. 德国人，德语
adj. 德国的
Germany n. 德国
11. Italian n. 意大利人，意大利语
adj. 意大利的
Italy n. 意大利
12. variety n. 变化，种类
various adj. 各种各样的
13. wait v. 等候
waiter n. 男服务员
waitress n. 女服务员
Ⅱ.TEXT
1.summer vacation = summer holiday 暑假Leisure Time
2.is coming 去向动词的进行时，可以表示将来时
(come,go,leave,start)
3.make plan = draw plans for = design 设计，计划
4.go to camp 去旅行
5.take a look 看一下
6.sign up for = enter for 报名参加
7.a variety of = varieties of = different kinds of 很多
8.sound / feel / taste / smell / look + adj. 连系动词后加形容词
9.in that case 假如那样
10.forget it 放在脑后
11.else 放在疑问代词、不定代词之后
Ⅲ.READING
1.the government of the United States of America 美国政府
2.a variety of 很多
3.school children 学生
4.art camps 美术夏令营
5.science camps 科普夏令营
6.mini United Nations camps 迷你美国夏
令营
7.by Fresh Air Fund 由空气清新基金
8.since 1877 从1877年开始
9.ages 6 to 18 年龄6到18岁
10.take part in the program 参加节目
11.stay at a camp 住在营地里
12.others live with a host family 另外一个和当地居民住在一起
13.pay all expenses 付所有的费用
14.a sense of responsibility 强烈的责任心
15.waiting on tables 等待一个桌子
16.for life 终生
Leisure Time
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR
1.rather 相当，颇
e.g. It’s rather cold today . 今天天气很冷。
2.would rather宁可、宁愿= would prefer to
e.g. Shall we go and see that film?
我们去看那部电影好吗？
否定式为：would rather not do = would prefer not to do
e.g.I’d rather not to talk about it
= I’d prefer not to talk about it
我宁可不谈这个。
疑问形式为：Would …rather do …=Would…prefer to do…?
e.g. Would you rather stay at home in such a fine day?
=Would you rather stay at home in such a fine day?
那么好的天你宁愿呆在家里吗？
3.rather than 宁愿……也不= instead of
e.g. I prefer to live near to my work rather than
spend a lot of time traveling every day. = I
prefer to live near to my work instead of
spending a lot of time traveling every day.
我宁愿住得靠近工作地点，也不愿每天在路上花很多时间来去。
*注意：rather than 后面的动词用原形，instead of后用doing形式。
Better City , Better Life
Unit 3 Lesson 1 Population Problems
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1.grow v. grow up 长大
e.g. When I grow up,I want to be a scientist.
当我长大时，我相当一个科学家。
grow rice / wheat 种植（大面积）
plant 种（少量）
growth n. 增长，生长
e.g. the fast growth of the tree 树的快速生长
during your growth 由于我快速的生长
2. aging n. 变老，老化
age n. 年龄the aged 年老的the mid-aged 中年人
aged adj. 年老的
3.double = become twice as many v.&n. 增加一倍，两倍的
a single room or double room 单人间或
双人间
4.be faced with 面临（状态）
e.g. We are faced with a lot of difficulties.
我们面临着很多困难。
5.solve v. 解决
e.g. We ‘ve a lot of problem to solve.
我们有很多问题需要解决。
solution n. 解决方法
find a solution to a problem 寻找问题的解决方法
work out problem（书面）
6.on average 1)平均地2)一般来讲3)通常用usually
7.conside v. conside doing sth.
8.overcrowding n.
crowded adj. a crowded into a bus
crowd v. 挤……
Better City , Better Life
n. 一群人
9. tradition n. 传统
traditional adj. 传统的
traditionally adv. 传统地
10.awful adj. 可怕的= terrible
awfully adv. 可怕地= terribly 11.rapid adj. 快的make rapid progress (in)
rapidly adv. 快地
*12. 及物动词标志vt. 必须接宾语的动词（名、代），不能是动词
不及物动词标志vi. 不能接宾语的动词，非接不可在中间加介词
13. with 具有（后接具体工具）
without prep.
在……没有……情况下
within
14.polluted adj. 被污染的
a polluted river 一条被污染的河
polluted air 被污染的空气
15.natural resources 自然资源（常用复数）
16.throw sth.away 扔掉
17.recycle 回收使用
for recycling 用来回收
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,e up 用光，耗尽
19.some day = one day 将来某一天
sometime 过去或将来某个时间
20.Europe n. 欧洲
European adj. 欧洲的
21.Africa n. 非洲
African adj. 非洲的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html, n. 亚洲
Asian adj. 亚洲的
23.able adj. 有能力的
enable n. 使……能够
Better City , Better Life
24.serious adj. 严重的
seriously adv. 严重地
Ⅱ.TEXT
1.had reached 高达
2.be faced with 面对着
3.in many European countries 在很多欧洲国家
4.not at all = thank you
5.living longer = live a long life
6.find solutions to 寻找方法
7.every 24 years 每隔24天
8.control the population growth 控制人口增长
9.every other day 每隔1天
10.every six hours 每隔6小时
Ⅲ.READING
1.give the students a lecture 给学生做一个演讲
2.future problem 将来的问题
3.in the last 40 years 在之前的40年里
4.every day 每一天
5.throw away 抛弃
6.save money, energy and resources 节约钱,能源和资源
7.disappear 消失
8.stop doing = give up doing 停止做某事
9.coal and mineral 煤和矿物
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,e up 用光
11.some day 有一天
12.less energy 很少能源
13.fewer resources 很少资源
Better City , Better Life
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR
过去完成时
1.基本概念：
表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。即表示“过去的过去”。
2.结构：
助动词had + 动词的过去分词构成
3.形式：
以动词work为例：
（1）肯定式：主语+ had worked
（2）否定式：主语+ had not worked
（3）疑问式：Had + 主语+ worked （4）肯定、否定回答：Yes，主语+ had
No，主语+ hadn’t had 不作变化，与主语的人称无关
4.用法：
（1）表示过去某一时间或动词之前已经完成了的动作。某个时间可以由介词by等组成的短语或时间状语表示。也常与when,before,
after等引导的时间状语从句连用。
e.g. My parents had already eaten by the time I got home.
我到家的时候，父母已经吃完饭了。（2）表示从过去某一时间一直延续到过去另一时间的动作。常与for或since引起的时间状语连用，但必须要与一个表示过去时的动作相对照。
e.g. I was surprised to srr Mr. Wang yesterday
because we hadn’t seen each other since he
left Beijing.
昨天我惊奇地见到王先生，因为自从她离开
北京我们就一直未
Better City , Better Life
曾见面。
5.补充说明：
如果两个过去动作连接得很紧密，尤其是连接词本身就说明时间先
后，如before,after,as soon as等，则两个动词可都用一般过去时。
e.g. They went on working as soon as the rain
stopped.
雨一停，他们就继续工作。
Better City , Better Life
Unit 3 Lesson 2 We Should Observe the
Seven Don’t
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1.spit vi. 吐痰
口语: Don’t spit in public.
Don’t litter everywhere.
标语:
litter bin 垃圾箱
2. damage v. 损坏,毁坏( 坏了,可修复) My car was damaged ,I’ll have it repaired.
destury v. 摧毁( 没了,不可修,只能重建)
The earthquake desturied the whole city.
3. amaze vt. 使……惊奇
It is appearouce amazes me ( 动词) 谓语
amazed adj. 感到惊奇
sb. be amazed at sth. / I’m amazed at words.
amazing adj. 令人惊奇
His words were amazing.
4. turn up (1)调高音量
turn down / turn on 调低音量/ 打开
(2)出现,露面= appear
I waited for you the while morning, but you didn’t turn up (at all).
5. gentle adj. 轻轻的,柔和的,温柔的
gently adv. 轻轻地,柔和地,温柔地
gentleman/men
6. smile n. 笑容
He came in with a smile on his face
vi. 笑
Better City , Better Life
smile at sb. in a friendly way
(laugh,shout,shoot,point) at sb.
7. in surprise adv. 吃惊地
to one’s surprise 使某感到吃惊的是……
be surprised at sth. 对某事感到吃惊
be surprised to do sth.
be surprised that…
8. nearby adj./adv. Let’s go to the nearby villiage.
near prep./adj. near me
9. from now on = in future 从现在起
in the future 将来
10. rude adj. 粗鲁的
respect n. show one’s respect / with respect
v. respect sb.
11. polite adj. 有礼貌的
politely adv. 有礼貌地
12. simple adj.
simply adv.
13. complain v. 报怨
complaint n. 报怨
14. prevent sb. from doing sth.
= stop sb. from doing sth.
= keep sb. from doing sth.
Ⅱ.TEXT
1.Don’t do sth. = You / we mustn’t do
= You / we are not allowed to do
2.在in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening / at night 中,有修饰词用
on.
3.a young couple=husbund and wife Better City , Better Life
4.decide to do sth. = make a decision to do = make up one ’s mind to do
5.a five-year-old girl 复合形容词，只做定语 The tower is 200 metres high.
6.go on an outing
7.be amazed at = be surprise at 8.suddenly adv. = all of a sudden 用过去时有时间点 9.turn up = appear 出现 10.a boupute of flowers 一束鲜花 11.in great surprise 在强烈的惊喜中
12.some / any / a lot of / lots of / plenty of （修饰可数和不可数名词）
few/ a few / a (large) number of / many （只修饰附属名词）
little / a little / a great deal of / a huge amount of / much
（只修饰不可数名词）
13.(follow / obey / observe) rules 遵守规则
Ⅲ.READING
1.local newspaper 当地报纸
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,plain about rude behaviour 报道粗鲁的行为
3.the rude behaviour of people in the cinema 人
们在电
影院中4.watch a movie 看电影 5.prevent sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事 6.in the middle of the film 在电影放到一半的时候
7.others 一些人 8.turn off 关闭 9.had a loud conversation 很响地谈话 10.bring people ’s attention to 把人们的思想转移到……
11.at People ’s Park 在人民公园 12.on the grass 在草坪上 Better City , Better Life
13.some people have a picnic 很多人进行了野餐
14.take their litter home with them 他们带走他们的垃圾
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR 1.宾语从句：
宾语从句在主从复合句中作主句的宾语，一般有三种情况。
（1）陈述句作宾语从句，由连词that 引导（that 在口语或非正式文体中长省略） e.g. I think (that) the answer is correct. 我认为这个答案是正确的。
（2）一般疑问句作宾语从句，由连词whether
或if 引导，从句必须用陈述句语序。 e.g.I want to know whether / if you will come
soon.
我想知道你是否马上会来。
（3）特殊疑问句作宾语从句，由疑问代词who,whom,whose,what,
which等引导，从句也必须用陈述句语序。
e.g. Do you know when the meeting will
begin?
你知道会议什么时候开始？
*注意：（1）主句是一般现在时，从句中可用各种时态。
（2）主句是一般过去时，从句中用表
示过去范畴的各种时态。从句的时态
变化如下：
一般现在时-----------一般过去时
现在进行时-----------过去进行时
现在完成时-----------过去完成时
一般将来时-----------过去将来时
一般过去时-----------过去完成时（若句中有表示过去时的时间状语，则过去时不变）
Better City , Better Life
2.带过去完成时的句子：
从句中的谓语动词如发生在主句谓语动词之前，那么从句的谓语动
词要用过去完成时。
e.g. He said he had seen the film before.
她说她以前看过这部电影。
Better City , Better Life
Unit 3 Lesson 3 Environmental Protection
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY 1. environment n. 环境
We should protect our enviroment
environmental adj. 环境的
environmental protection
2. protect v. 保护
protect oneself
protect A from B 保护A免受B的侵害protection n. 保护
3. ozone layer 臭氧层
4. gas n. 汽油，煤气
5. above prep. 在……上方（斜上方）温度
over prep. 在……上方（正上方）年龄
There are 3 bridges over the river.
Look above ,there’s a ballon.
6. be burnt 被烧毁
In fire,10 houses were burnt.
get burnt 被烫伤
Be careful , not to get burnt.
7. hot adj. 热的
heat n. 热量light ang heat
v. 加热
8. escape vt.&vi. 逃跑
escape from (doing) sth.
escape doing
9. real adj. 真的（材料）
realize v. 认识，实现
really adv. 真地
Better City , Better Life
10. true adj. 真的（是否符合事实）
truly adv. 真地
truth n. 真相，真理
11. pollute v. 污染
pollution n. 污染
polluted adj. 被污染
Ⅱ.TEXT
1. both(两个都) either(两个中任何一个) neither(两个都不是)
each(两个或以上)
all(全部都是) none(一个都不是)
2. say vt. say ath. (to sb.)
speak vi. speak to sb. 特殊（语言）
talk vi. talk to sb. about sth.
tell vt. tell sb. sth.
3. ’s 的三种可能
（1）is （2）has （3）的
4. attend 看、听（但不做）a concert / meeting
5. miss (1)惦记miss you
(2)错过，未能赶上miss the bus / chance
6. make hole 制造洞
7. plastic things 塑料制品
8. have a discussion 进行讨论
Ⅲ.READING
1.the earth 地球（独一无二的名词前加冠词the）
2.have a hstory of 有关……的历史
3.more than 超过
4.cut down 坎倒
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,lions and millions 几百万
Better City , Better Life
6.in danger 处于危险之中
7.in the ozone layer 在臭氧层中
8.at the same time 与此同时
9.greenhouse effect 温室效应10.take action 关注
11.green consumers 绿色消费者
12.make electricity 发电
13.electric cars and buses 用电的小汽车和电车
Ⅳ.GRAMMAR
带过去时和过去将来时的宾语从句
（1）如主语中的谓语动词的动作与宾语从句中的谓语动词的动作同时发生，那么从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或过去进行时。
e.g. He said he worked in a factory.
他说他在工厂里工作。
（2）宾语从句的谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后，那么从句的谓语动词要用过去将来
时。
*注意变化的形式：
（1）will do--------would do
（2）shall do--------should do
（3）am，is，are going to do--------was,were going to do
e.g. He said he would go with us.
他说他将和我们一起去。
Post and Communications
Unit 4 Lesson 1 At the Post Office
Ⅰ.VOCABULARY
1. cent n. 美分
The book cost 1dollor 50 cents.
2. by airmail 航空邮件
by ordinary mail 普通邮件
by express mail 特快邮件
by fast mail 快递
by registered mail 挂号信
by surface mail 陆地邮件
3. postage n. 邮资，邮费
How much / What is the postage for the letter?
post v. 邮寄
postman n. 邮递员
4. express n. 快车
v. 表达express oneself clearly expression n. 表达方式
5. urgent adj. 紧迫的，急迫的
6. depend vi. 依靠
dependable adj. = reliable. 依赖的
independence n. 独立
7. change ○1n. 变化（可数）
What a great change!
○2v. 找零
Give me my change.
○3vt. 改变
He changes his mind.
changeable adj. 多变的
8. print print sth.
Post and Communications
printer Get in touch with the printer
9.a registered letter
10. take place vi. 发生（必然会）
happen vi. 发生（意外）
hold vt. 举行、举办，一定要带宾语be held
break out vi. 爆发（强调突发性）11. England n. 英国
English n. 英国人
adj. 英国的
Englishman n. 英国人
12. gentle adj. 温和的，慈祥的
gently adv. 温和地，慈祥地
gentleman n. 绅士
13. go up to sb. 向某人走过去
come up to sb. 向某人走过来
14. sender n. 寄信人
send v.
○1邮寄I want to send the peral to America
○2派某人做某事We must send for the doctor.
○3供（某人）上学send children to school
Ⅱ.TEXT
1.on one’s study trip 在某人的学习旅行中
2.send a letter and a package 寄一封信和一个包裹
3.May I help you? 有什么需要我帮你的吗？
4.an urgent letter 一封紧急的信
5.the best way to send 最好的方法寄
6.fill out this form 填表格
7.after a while 过了一会儿
8.surface mail 陆地邮件
Post and Communications
9.about two to three months 差不多两到三个月
Unit 3what were you doing when the ufo arrived? 【重难点分析】 一. 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。 过去进行时的构成： 肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing 否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing 疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。 基本用法： 1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 常与之连用的时间状语有：at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句。 如：What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？ I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。 I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。 2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词， 因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded. 3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。 特点：while之后的从句一般用：进行时态（be+doing） When之后的从句一般用：过去时态 【注：本特点不是while和when的全部用法，更多的用法会在以后的学习中见到】 二. 情态动词(Modal Verbs )Ⅱ 情态动词：must 用于表示“必须”、“务必” 注：以must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答习惯上用No，you needn’t或don't have to ③. Must I pay now? Yes,you must . No, you needn’t./No,you don’t have to. 三. 重点词汇 1．cut v．切；剪；割cut (one’s)hair理发 Be careful．Don't cut yourself．小心，别切到自己。 2．alien n．外星人An alien got out of the UFO. 一个外星人从不明飞行物里出来。 3．land v．登岸；登陆；降落 n.陆地 The plane will land in ten minutes．飞机将在十分钟后降落。 A UFO landed in the middle of the field.. 一个不明飞行物降落在田野中间。 4．while conj．当……的时候；在……之时 While I danced, she sang．我跳舞，她唱歌。 While he was singing, I was playing baseball. 他当时在唱歌，而我在打棒球。 5．right adv．正好；恰好 The accident happened right over there．事故正好发生在那里。 He lives right in the center of the city. 他恰好住在市中心。 6．surprised adj．惊奇的；吃惊的 I was surprised that he was late for the party．我很惊讶他聚会居然迟到了。 She was surprised that I didn’t know about that.她很吃惊我竟不知那件事。 注：ed形容词用于修饰Sb,而ing形容词用于修饰sth 7．kid v．欺骗；哄骗I'm not kidding you．我没有骗你。You’re kidding = No kidding.别开玩笑了。 8．anywhere adv．到处；无论哪里（用于否定句和一般疑问句中） Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方?
UNIT 1 Text A conduct 进行；实施 reveal 揭示，透露 according to 根据...所说（所示） make the most of最大限度利用 innate （素质）天生的，天赋的 attain〖正式〗（长期努力后）获得，达成 academic （大专院校）教学（上）的，学术性的 excellence 优秀，卓越 principle原则，原理 to begin with首先，第一点 priority优先考虑（或照顾）的事 compromise做出妥协，折衷解决 snack(正餐以外的)小吃，点心 in other words 换句话说 recreation 娱乐，消遣 addition 增加 in addition to 除此之外，另外 athlete（田径）运动员 memorise记住，记下 biology 生物学 work out (非正式)锻炼，健身 interview 对(某人)进行面谈（面试） thrive兴旺，茁壮成长 consistency一致性，连贯性 factor因素 perform履行，实行，完成 involve使卷入，牵涉 be/get involved in使某人（某事物）参与某活动动或陷入某情况band(尤指流行音乐的)乐队，乐团 track and field田径运动 rugby 橄榄球 association协会，社团. debate辩论，辩论会 disclose 公开，揭露 file 把（文件、信件）汇存起来，把…归档 colour-coded用颜色标记的 folder文件夹，硬纸夹 available可获得的，可用的，可看见的 technique(尤指艺术，音乐，文学等方面的)技巧，手法advocate 提倡，主张 effectively 有效地 retention 记忆(力)，保持，保留
河北省石家庄市新世纪外国语学校2019-2020学年 八年级下学期期中英语试题 学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________ 一、单选题 1. —Do you know who taught ________ Russian? —Nobody. He learned it by ________. A．his; himself B．him; him C．him; himself D．his; him 2. Scientists say that banana trees may disappear(消失) from the world ________banana cancer(癌症). A．because of B．because C．in control of D．together with 3. （2017年山东泰安）–It rained ______ and lasted for a long time yesterday. --Too bad! Even some streets were full of water. A．hardly B．strongly C．terrible D．heavily 4. If you ________ British football with American football, you’ll find many differences. A．regard B．compare C．deal D．work 5. Jim's mother was cooking while he______his homework． A．did B．does C．is doing D．was doing 6. — Jimmy, the books are everywhere in your study. —Sorry, Mom. I’ll____at once. A．put them on B．put them away C．put them out D．put them up 7. Bob has few friends here, so he often stays at home by himself and feels ________. A．alone B．happy C．excited D．lonely
初二英语下学期期末试卷归纳（单选） 一、贵溪市实验中学 单项选择（每小题1分，共20分） ( )21. --Will there be less pollution in the future? --____________. A. Yes, there will. B. Yes, they will. C. No, there aren’t. D. No, they won’t. ( )22. She says she will go to Shanghai _________ a month. A. at B. in C. for D. after ( )23. People will live __________ 200 years old in the future I think. A. / B. be C. to be D. in ( )24. ---What was she doing at eight yesterday morning ? ---She ________________. A. was listening to music B. was listening music C. listened to music D. listens to music . ( )25.Lily called me_________ Friday morning and told me she was having a birthday party________ me the next day.. A. at, for B. on, with C. at, with D on, for ( )26.If Lucy ________ hard every day, she _________ pass the English exam．A．studies, will B．will study, will be C．will study, is D．studies, is ( )27. Guixi is called Cuprum City(铜城). Many visitors fall _______ it. A. love with B. in love to C. in love with D. love in ( ) 28. Lana told us she wasn’t mad _________ Marcia anymore. A in B. with C on D. at ( )29．---Excuse me．Can you __________ your Mp3 to me? ---Sure．Here you are． A．keep B．buy C．borrow D．lend ( )30. Some scientists think that it may take _________ years to make robots look like people, and do the same things as us. A. two hundreds of B. hundreds of C. two hundreds D. two hundred of ( )31. My friend has the same haircut __________ I do. A. as B. like C. seem D. looks like ( )32. I’m going to ________ time with my grandparents this vacation. A. take B. cost C. pay D. spend ( )33. My brother plays his CDs too loud. You ________ tell him to turn it down.
U3L1知识点 1.summer holidays =summer vacation暑假 during winter holidays 提问: how long https://www.doczj.com/doc/1017107467.html,st？ winter holidays 寒假 during national holidays 国庆假期 on National Day be on holiday 在休假中 2.go on a study trip to London/New York. 3.leave（left）for… =set off/out for… =start for… leave A for B离开A地去B地when are you leaving for Beijing? (be going/coming/leaving/arriving表示将来。。。) 4.attend-atten tion-atten tive-atten tively —attendance n. 出席；到场；出席人数 attend an English class (attend a/an meeting/lecture/evening school) Pay (much/more/little/less) attention to listen to...attentively
she is attentive.=she is an attentive girl. 5.package Go on a package tour to… Pack –package go on a package tour to Beijing =go to Beijing on a package tour 6.tour-tour ist-tour ism tour guide 导游 tourist’s guide 导游图，导览图。 tour=trip=journey=travel book a tour to Beijing , book a tour for three. Book a ticket for F1 7. at weekends on weekdays 8. sight-sightseeing go sightseeing go sightseeing around Beijing go to spl. by sightseeing bus/tour bus. 9.sb. spend/spent …doing sth. Sb. spend/spent …on sth. It takes/took me/him…to do sth.
上海新世纪英语八年级 下期中考试 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】
Mid-term Examination Part 1 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar I. Choose the best answer. (20’) . ( ) ’s the pronunciation of the word “official” A. [ 'f( )l] B. [i'f( )l] C. [e'f( )l] D. [ 'f()l] ( ) 2. As we know, Chinese culture is quite different ______ western culture. A. of B. at C. for D. from ( ) 3. ______ of my parents drinks or smokes. A. All B. Both C. Neither D. None ( ) 4. —Is the lake there beautiful? —The photo will show you ______. A. how does it look like B. what does it look like C. how it looks like D. what it looks like ( ) 5. You’d better _____ the doctor at the school clinic. A. to see B. see C. seeing D. saw ( ) 6. The young Canadian has decided______ the World Cup. A. coming and watch B. come to watch C. to come here to watch D. coming here to watch ( ) 7. There is _____ “h” in the word “honest”. A. an B. a C. the D./ ( ) 8. —May I drink _____ of your coke? —Sorry, I’ve got ______.
广州牛津英语 八年级第二学期英语期末测试卷 班别______________ 姓名__________________ 学号___________________ 一、听力测试（20% 二、语言知识与运用（20% 第一节：单项选择（10% 1. If you use an English word more often, of course you ________ it better. A. remember B. rememberi ng C. will remember D. remembered 2. ____ he retired from work, ______ he was concerned about his company. A. Though, but B. Although, / C. /, though D. /, / 3. I ' m searching for the clues for the accident. Please tell me what ________ at this time last ni ght. A. were you doing B. you did C. you were doing D. you have done 4. Dr. Wang called me to ask when the plane would ______ . A. turn off B. take off C. set off D. fly off 5. Mar Twain was a famous American writer in __________ . A. the 183 Os' B. 1830s C. the 183 0's D. the 1830s 6. There are many places of ___ in China, many foreign visitors enjoy doing ____ sightsee ing here. A. in terests, many B. in terest, much C. in terests, much D. in terest, many 7. Tomas Edis on _____ a lab for himself whe n he was young. A. set out B. set free C. set up D. set in 8. While my mother was busy _____ , I _______ T V. A. cook ing, watched B. cook ing, watch ing C. to cook, was watch ing D. cook ing, was watch ing 9. Mr. Black went to see a doctor this morning since it was difficult for him ______ asleep at ni ght. A. to fall B. falli ng C. fell D. to falli ng 10. My mother is strict ___ me, but I am still grateful _____ her. A. with, with B. to, to C. with, to D. to, with
Unit1小结 一、 单词：见单词表 二、 词形变换： Pollute( 名词) predict (名 词 ) few (比较级 ) fly ( 过去式) fall (过去式) pleasant (反义 词 ) human (复数 ) possible ( 反义词) take (过去式) write (过去式) think (过去式) agree(反义词) 三、 短语： Space station go skating be able to the World Cup come true in the future hundreds of in 100 years in the whole world on computers fall in love with dress more casually live to be 200 years free time near here fly rockets to the moon one day Of course the head of be used by wake up For example over and over again far from 四、 语法结构： 1． 一般将来时态 2． There will be=there is /are going to be 3． Alone /lonely 4． One of the 形容词最高级+名词 （复数） 5． There be sb doing sth 6． 花费 7． It ’s adj. for sb to do sth 8． Agree with sb Unit2 总结笔记 一、单词：见单词表 二、短语： Keep out a ticket to a ball game to one ’s surprise Not …until … talk on the phone 足够的钱 和我的好朋友吵架 过时的 发现 给他写一封信 给她打电话 你怎么了？ 和…..一样 说抱歉 为……而付钱，付….账 获得一份兼职工作 向父母要些钱 我不这样认为 和某人相处融洽 参加 尽可能 抱怨，埋怨 邀请某人做某事 和某人打架 给我一些建议 从….到 太多压力 一方面 另一方面 该做某事了 找到时间 把…和…做比较 三．词形变化: argue( 名词 ) surprise ( 形容词 ) fail ( 名词 ) until ( 同义词 ) push( 形容词 ) they( 反身代词 ) free ( 名词 ) organize( 形容词 ) wrong( 过去式 ) can (过去式 ) fall (过去式 ) send(过去式 ) happy( 反义词 ) expensive ( 反义词 ) out of style ( 反义词 ) color ( 形容词 ) leave (过去式 ) fashion ( 形容词 ) 四、语法结构： 1. 情态动词could 和should 的语法 2. Why don ’t you =why not +动词原形
1）法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名。[disclose] The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim. 2）老师费尽苦心使我们全都理解他说的话。[take pains to do sth ] The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said. 3）最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查。[conduct,attain] Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attainedacademicexcellence. 4）他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实。[confirm] He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance bywriting us aletter. 5）乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习的机会。[make the most of] George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn. 6）我们不能去。第一，天太冷，另外，我们正忙着。[to begin with] We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy. 7）该是有人公开讲清楚这写基本事实的时候了。[speak up] It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths/facts. 8）此时此刻你应该工作而不应该在床上躺着。[instead of] You should be working now, insteading of lying on bed. 9）他发言时，我要记些笔记。[jot down] While he speaks/makes a speech, I will jot down some notes. 10）我自己无法提起这个箱子，它太重了。[on one’s own] I can’t carry the suitcase on my own, it’s too heavy.
新世纪8年级上册4个单元英语知识点整理 Unit One Modern Technology Lesson One Computers 【词形变换】 mouse---mice（复数） main --- mainly electronic --- electrical --- electricity relax --- relaxed able --- enable invent（发明v.）---inventor（发明家）---invention（发明物）【重要短语】 type in输入，键入 ought（not）to = should（not）应该 get/be familiar with 熟悉 and so on 等等 What’s the use of…? ……的用途是什么？ at the age of 在……岁时 learn from… 向……学习 be worried about = worry about 担心…… allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Would you please + v.原形? stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来做某事 pay attention to（介词）注意 agree with sb. 同意某人的意见 help sb. with sth. = help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事spend…on sth. = spend…(in) doing sth. 花费……做某事keep in touch with 与……保持联系 millions of 数百万的 use…to do sth. 用…...做某事 all/different/many kinds of 各种各样的 in brief 简言之 neither…nor… 既不……, 也不…… be connected to 与……连接在一起 be able to 的用法：（可用于各种时态，而can不能） 现在：am/is/are (not) able to was/were (not) able to will (not) be able to Lesson Two Robots （形）---difference（名）---differently（副） （名）---pleased（形/人）---pleasant（形/物） 整理，收拾 铺床 给某人做手术 与……不同be the same as与…… 对……一无所知 高兴地，快乐地；乐意地 else常放在不定代词和疑问词的后面） 决定做某事 练习做某事 不但……而且…… 不再 一直不停地做某事 害怕某物/做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 在……的帮助下/ 没有……的帮助 something 常用于肯定句中，也可用于希望得到对方肯定 回答的疑问句中 anything 常用于否定句或疑问句中 nothing 常用于否定句中（what） everything 上述不定代词都指物，不能和of连用，都是单数。 someone = somebody 常用于肯定句中 anyone = anybody 常用于否定或疑问句中 no one = nobody 常用于否定句中（who） everyone = everybody 上述不定代词都指人，不能和of连用，也都是单数。 none既可指人也可指物，既可用作单数也可用作复数，常和of 连用。（how many） Lesson Three Household Appliances 【词形变换】 clean --- cleaner apply --- appliance 【重要短语】 move into/to 搬进/到 be made in 在……制造 be made of 由……制成（可看出原材料） be made from由……制成（看不出原材料） turn on/off 打开/ 关闭turn up/down 调高/ 调低 finish doing sth. 结束做某事 What’s that button for? 那个按钮是干什么的？ a piece of cake 容易的事情 enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun 玩得愉快 by hand 手工；手动 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人……时间 in addition 此外；加之 enable sb. to do sth. 能使某人做某事 at the same time 同时 both…and… ……和……都 way of life 生活方式 语法： 感叹句 How + adj./adv. + 主语+ 谓语！ e.g. How interesting the book is! What + 名词短语+ 主语+ 谓语！ e.g. What an interesting book it is! What + a/an + adj. + n.（单数名词）+ 主语+ 谓语！ 只供学习与交流
n .选择填空（20分） ( )16. Every one ____ h ere. No one is away. A. is B. are C. be D. am ( )17. Please ____ call me Dann y. I'm Mary. A. not B. don ' C. n ot to D. does n't ( )18. --- Would you like to go boating ? A. Yes, please B. No, I like C. Yes, I 'like to D. No, I dlike ( )19. If you don 't know the way, you can ___ the policema n for help. A . speak B. tell C. ask D. say ( )20. They are too heavy. Do you n eed ____ help ? A .any B. a C. many D. some ( )21. If it doesn 'train, we ____ a football match. A .are havi ng B. will have C. have D. are have ( )22. _____ you ____ f ree next Saturday ? A .Will, are B. Will be C. Do, be D. Have, bee n ( )23. We ____ waste water. A .must B. shouldn't C. need n't D. can ' ( )24. When school was over yesterday, it ______ . A .was snowing B. is snowing C. sno wed D. has sno wed ( )25. I would like _____ a teacher. A. be B. to C. to be D. not be ( )26. ---What did Tom say ? ---Tom said ______ well in speak ing. A .he think he did B. he thinks he did C. he thought he did D. he thought he does ( )27. I dlike to ______ t he message to Jim for you. A .put on B. tur n on C. pass on D. work on ( )28. If you want to get good grades, you must be ____ all the time. A」azy B. busy C. hard-work ing D. stressed out
Unit1笔记整理 1、What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了？= What’s up? = What happens to sb.? 2、as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上, 实际上 【拓展】matter的用法 It doesn’t matter 没关系（用来回答别人道歉时的用语） 3、have a cold 受凉;感冒 have a/an + 疾病名词“患……病” (cold/fever/cough) have a sore throat 患喉咙痛have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒 have a stomachache 患胃痛have a toothache患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛have a backache患背痛 4、back n 背；背部at the back of......在......的后面 go/come back 返回give back 归还 5、hand in hand 手拉手 V 交给；传递hand in 上交hand on 依次传递hand out 分发 6、enough 的用法 (1) adj.足够的，充分的修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后enough time，enough money (2) adv. “足够地，十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,必须放在adj./adv 后expensive enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth.足够……的去做某事He is strong enough to carry the box. 7、drink some hot tea with honey.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。 with ：⑴prep “具有，带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。She is a girl with long hair. with （反）without ⑵prep. 和......一起I like to talk with my friends. ⑶ prep 用......，表示“使用某种工具”Cut it with a knife. 8、see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医 see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生 9、感官动词+ like，后接名词或名词性短语作表语。 “sound like 听起来像feel like 摸起来像smell like 闻起来像look like 看起来像taste like 尝起来像 10、need v 需要 ◆用于肯定句是实义动词 (1) need sth 需要某物I need your help. (2) 人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more
1. eager (adj.) 热切的，渴望的 be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 I was eager to get back to work as soon as possible. 我迫不及待地想尽快回去工作。 be eager for 渴望得到 He is eager for success. 他渴望取得成功。 eagerly (adv.) (= in an eager way) 热切地，渴望地 eagerness (n.) [U] 渴望 People were pushing each other out of the way in their eagerness to get to the front. 人们争先恐后地互相推搡，都渴望到前方。 eager beaver (n.) [C] 过分热切之人；干活特别卖力的人 2. be willing to do乐意做某事 How much are they willing to pay? 他们愿意付多少钱？ 3. expect (vt.) (1) 预料；预计，认为……会发生 I expect John home at six o’clock. 我预计约翰6点钟到家。 expect to do sth.预料某事 I expect to be back within a week. 我预料在一周内回来。 expect sb. / sth. to do sth. 预料某人做某事 I didn’t expect him to stay so long. 我没有料到他会待这么长时间。 expect (that) 预料某事 I expected that she’ll pass the exam. 我预料她会通过考试的。 as expected 正如所期待的/ 正如所预料的 As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news. 正如所预料中的，全家都被这消息震惊了。 (2) 指望，期盼 expect sth. from / of sb. 指望某人某事 The officer expects complete obedience from his troops.
学科英语教材及其版本新世纪初中英语八年级第一学期课题For or Against Keeping Pets本课为第一课时教学设计者张岚 教学设计设计说明 (一)教学目标 知识和能力目标 ●Try utilizing the approach to method ‘PPP’ (Presentation, Practice, Production) 尝试使用‘PPP’教学法，即（输入、 练习、输出），发展学生综合语言运 用能力。二期课改的新课程标准倡导以学生为主的自主型学习模式，让学生在教师的指导下，通过感知、体验、实践、参与和合作等方式，实现教学目标，获得成就感。在教学中教师应该鼓励学生发展听、说、读、写的综合语言技能，提高人文素养，培养创新精神。 过程和方法目标 ●Train students to grasp the basic structures and techniques of a debate. 掌握英语辩论的基本结构和基本技 巧。通过对课文的学习，使学生掌握英语辩论的基本结构。如怎样有层次地阐述自己的观点；怎样礼貌地反驳对方观点以及如何设问、反问等基本辩论技巧。 情感和价值观目标 ●Arouse students’ Cross-cultural awareness. 通过导入新课时动物的象征意义在中西
培养学生的跨文化意识。 ●Help students to cooperate with each other and build up team spirit. 培养学生的团队合作精神。 ●Help students have a sense of responsibility for pets and the society. 激发学生对动物乃至社会的责任 感。方文化中的差异性比较，培养学生的跨文化意识，使他们体验到中西方文化的不同魅力。 在Practice（练习）环节中，通过让学生分组讨论，分享彼此的意见，取长补短并在辩论的过程中彼此提供帮助，将极大地培养学生的团队合作精神。 在学生不断感知、体验、实践的过程中，使学生逐步意识到人类行为的重要性，激发学生对动物乃至社会的责任感。 （二）教学过程１．导入新课 ●Match the animals with their meanings in Chinese culture, and then compare their meanings in Western culture. 动物的象征意义在中西文化中的差 异性比较。在学习英语的过程中，学生势必会注意到中西方文化的差异性，这是一个很有趣的课题。动物的象征意义虽然只是这个课题中的“冰山一角”，却极其生动有趣。如“龙”在中国象征着天子，代表着神圣、权威和智慧；而“龙”在西方却代表着邪恶，因此有“As wicked as a dragon”, “As ugly as a dragon”,尤其用“龙”来形容凶恶丑陋的妇女。又如“狗”在中国多为贬义，如“狐朋