第一部分:单项选择
一、名词考点：
历年都放在单选21题,考查名词的词义辨析,学生应当熟记所学单词,并根据情景和关键词选出答案
单选部分只考查名词的词义,但是,在完形部分也会考到名词
【分类】
1)专有n.:表示人名、物名、地名或是组织机构的名称的词：Lucy, China, Shanghai, the Great Wall
2)普通n.:(1)可数n:分为个体n.(dictionary, pencil等)及集体n.(family, police等)
(2)不可数n:分为物质n.(rice, glass, water等)及抽象n.(health, life, homework等)
【可数n.的复数形式】
1)一般情况,加-s 如cake→cakes day→days student→students
2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词,加-es 如bus→buses box→boxes brush→brushes watch→watches
3)以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es,如dictionary→dictionaries baby→babies city→cities
4)以f(e)结尾的词,f(e)变为ves, 如leaf→leaves self→selves half→halves life→lives
wife→wives thief→thieves knife→knives wolf→wolves
5)以o结尾的词,有生命,加-es;无生命,加-s 如hero→heroes tomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes
photo→photos zoo→zoos radio→radios
6)不规则变化如man→men woman→women child→children foot→feet tooth→teeth sheep→sheep
deer→deer Chinese→Chinese Jap anese→Japanese
【名词的量】数词+量词+of+名词，注意选用be动词时以题词为主
1)*可数名词:注意后面的名词必须为复数,如:a basket of apples（谓语为单数）two baskets of eggs
2)不可数名词:注意量词加s,如:two bottles of milk some cups of tea
【名词所有格】表示名词之间的所有关系
1)’s所有格:注意表示两人共有的:Tom and Jim’s 人数已为复数时只须加’如Teacher s’ Day
2)of所有格:无生命的所有格，the door of the room
3)*双重所有格:of+名词所有格如:a friend of my father’s (父亲朋友之一,强调父亲还有很多其他朋友)
a friend of my father（父亲本人的一个朋友,强调与父亲的友好关系）
【真题解析】
( )26. ---Do you like fruit? ----Yes, I like the________best. （2005厦门）
A. potato
B. chicken
C. pear
D. bread
( )21. ---Could you give me some ____? ---Why don't you join an English club and do more practice?(2006厦门)
A. interest
B. advice
C. voice
( )21. He always has a ______ with him. I think he must enjoy taking photos. （2007厦门）
A. computer
B. dictionary
C. camera
( )21. ----I plan to go out for a trip, but I'm afraid I don't know the________.
----A map is helpful, I think.(2008厦门)
A. price
B. way
C. time
( )21. ----How is the ______ there, Lingling? ---It’s a sunny day. （2009厦门）
A. weather
B. vacation
C. service
( )21. ----Well,a bowl of noodles with beef and tomato. Ok, then what____ would you like, sir?
----A small bowl, please.（2010厦门）
A. price B time C. size
( )21. --- I took a lot of ________ when I visited the World Expo in Shanghai.
--- Wow, it’s great. Let me have a look next time.（2011厦门）
A. money
B. medicine
C. pictures
【预测试题】
( )1. 1. The old man used to raise many _____ to make a living on the farm.
A. duck
B.horse
C. sheep
( )2.---What is the ______of success? ---First of all,you have to know for sure what you really want.
A. secret
B. difference
C. experience
( )3.Something is wrong with my ______. I can’t see anything around me.
A. nose
B. ears
C. eyes
( )4. I like____ a lot,and my mother usually cooks it in different ways.
A. fish
B. potatoes
C. noddles
( )5.Stop making so much _____. The children are sleeping.
A. voice
B. noise
C. Sound
( )6. Read the ______ carefully. They will help you know how to use the popper.
A. instructions
B.decisions
C. results
( )7.---Could you please tell me something about the two_______?
---____. They arc exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.
A. Frenchmen; Yes, please
B. Frenchmans; Come on
C. Germans; All right
二、冠词考点：
【不定冠词a/an泛指】
(1)用于第一次出现的人或事物前,或泛指某人或某物等
This is an apple. A girl is waiting for you.
(2)区别a与an: a用于以辅音音素(发音)开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素(发音)开头的单词前
a box a desk a lovely girl a nice day a good time
an orange an important person an exciting game an unusual place an umbrella
an hour an honest man
a university a unit a useful book a European country
There is a"U" and an "S" in "use"
(3)a + 序数词表示“又一，再一”
We've tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三次了，还要再试一次
(4)固定词组:a few;a little;a bit;have a swim/walk/look/rest/drink;have a cold;have a good time等
【定冠词the 特指】
(1)表示双方都知道的人或事物如:Give me the book, please.
(2)表示上文已提到过的人或物如:Do you know the girl in red?
(3)表示世上独一无二的事物如:The earth moves around the sun.
(4)用在序数词、adj.最高级前, 如:She is the most beautiful girl in the class. The first lesson is easy.
(5)the用在姓氏复数前，表...一家人或....夫妇如:The Greens will go to London on vacation.
(6)固定词组: in the morning/afternoon/evening by the way all that time at the same time
at the end/beginning of in the end at the age of at the moment at night
【零冠词(不用冠词的情况)】
(1)人名、地名、国名前如:China is a great country. 要注意【the USA】
(2)指示代词、物主代词、不定代词前如:Every student lives in Xiamen.
(3)三餐、节日、星期、季节等前如:Children’s Day. have breakfast (have a quick breakfast)
(4)by+交通工具之间如:by bus;by car;by plane=by air(注意take a bus/ train)
(5)play+球类和棋类如:play football;play chess;play cards (注意二胡等中国乐器:play Erhu )
【真题解析】
( )27. --- By the way, have you got________e-mail address? ---Oh yes, it's dbpower@163. com.（2005厦门）
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
( )22. James likes to play ____ violin and _____ chess when he is free. （2006厦门）
A. the, /
B. / , the
C. the,the
( )23. ______ woman in a red dress is a very popular teacher in our school. （2007厦门）
A. A
B. The
C. /
( )22. ---Do you enjoy your school life? ---Yes, of course. I've had_________wonderful time here.（2008厦门）
A. a
B. an
C. the
( )23. More and more foreign students come to China to learn ______ Chinese. （2009厦门）
A. a
B. the
C. /
( )24. Thank you so much. I really like _______scarf you gave me yesterday. It looks very nice.（2010厦门）
A. a
B. the
C. /
( )22. --- Jacky is ________ amazing singer. He has lots of fans. （2011厦门）
A. an
B. the
C. /
【预测试题】
( )1.---What do you want to be in the future，Nick? ---I want to be__________ pilot. It is________ exciting job.
A. a;a
B. a;an
C. the;an
( )2.---Why do you like Mary? ---Because she is ______ honest girl.
A. a
B. an
C. the
( )3.There’s ________800-metre-long road behind the hospital.
A. an
B. a
C. the
( )4.--- Lily is coming by______ plane tomorrow. ---Let’s go to the airport to meet her.
A. a
B. the
C. /
( )5. ---How do you go to work? ---I usually take _________ bus.
A. the
B. /
C. a
( )6.Li Na plays_____tennis very well.She has become_____first Asian woman to reach a Grand Slam(大满贯)final.
A.a; the
B. /; the
C./; a
( )7.After school we usually play_____basketball for half an hour on_____ playground.
A. the; the
B.不填; 不填
C.不填; the
三、代词考点：
关于代词的考查,主要在于人称代词和不定代词的考查;人称代词相对容易些,而不定代词则需要多加注意.
【人称代词】
(1)主格: I you she he it we they
宾格: me you her him it us them
*注意：人称代词的语序:you,he/she/it and I；we, you and they
(2)it的考点: A.指代单数名词或不可数名词 B.时间、距离和天气等
C.婴儿和不明身份人员
D.问谁敲门: ---Who is it? --- It's me.
注意：问电话那头是谁---Who's that? ---This is....
(3)that的考点:在比较级句子中避免重复The weather in Shanghai is much colder than that in Xiamen.
【物主代词】
(1)形容词性物主代词:my your his her its our their
名词性物主代词:mine yours his hers its ours theirs
*形容词性物主代词+名词==名词性物主代词
(2)名词性物主代词前面可加of作定语，相当于”of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩
He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友
【反身代词】
(1)反身代词:myself yourself(yourselves) himself herself itself themselves ourselves
(2)常考词组:teach oneself自学learn by oneself自学enjoy oneself过得愉快help oneself to随便吃
【不定代词】不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词
常见辨析
(1)all,many/much；some/any；a few/a little；few/little；no
(2)both/neither/either；all/none；every/each；the other/another/others/the others/any other/any
(3)something/somebody/someone；anything/anybody/anyone；nothing/nobody/no one
【真题解析】
( )28. --- Where's my dictionary? --- Oh sorry. I have taken________by mistake. （2005厦门）
A.yours
B. his
C. hers
D. mine
( )29. Jenny's shoes were worn out. She wanted to buy a new________.(2005厦门)
A. shoe
B. shoes
C. one
D. pair
( )23. The math exam was very difficult. I don't think ______ could pass it. （2006厦门）
A. someone
B. everyone
C. no one
( )24.----Would you like ______ cake? ----No,thanks.I'm full. （2006厦门）
A. another
B. other
C. else
( )22.----Whose notebook is it? ----It belongs to Lily. Didn't you see ______ name on it?（2007厦门）
A. she
B. her
C. hers
( )24. ---May I borrow your dictionary, Jim? ---Oh, sorry. It isn't_________.（2008厦门）
A. his
B. hers
C. mine
( )25. ---Would you like some milk in your tea? ---Yes, please. But just_________.（2008厦门）
A. little
B. a little
C. a few
( )22. Ben likes robots best. He often says to me that ____ is more interesting than robots.（2009厦门）
A. something
B. anything
C. nothing
( )23. ----Who helped you repair the MP4? ----______. I repaired it all by myself.（2010厦门）
A.Somebody
B.Anybody
C.Nobody
( )23. Emma, can you introduce _________ to Alice? I would like to make friends with her. （2011厦门）
A. him
B. her
C. me
( )24. --- Which of the two T-shirt will you take?
--- I’ll take __________, one for my brother, the other for myself.（2011厦门）
A. both
B. either
C. neither
【预测试题】
( )1. ---Alice, is this your dictionary? ---Let me see. Oh, no. ______ is in my school bag.
A. Me
B. My
C. Mine
( )2. --- Shall we go into that shop and have a look? --- Sorry. I won't. I have ______ to do there.
A. nothing
B.anything
C.something
( )3. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.______ are climbing the hill.
A Others
B Other
C The other
( )4. How dangerous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with ____.
A.the other
B. another
C. others
( )5.---Oh, the traffic is so heavy. ---Let’s change _______ route to the airport.
A. other
B. others
C. another
( )6. It was______ fine day that they went to the park.
A a so
B a such
C such a
( )7.All of us find ______ necessary to take exercise every day.
A. this
B. that
C. it
( )8.______ of the students in the whole class could do this physics question.
A No
B None
C Neither
( )https://www.doczj.com/doc/1216179694.html,e on, children! Help______ to some chicken.
A. yourself
B. yourselves;
C. herself
( )10. Is there in today’s newspaper?
A. new something
B. anything new
C. new anything
( )11.---Where is my watch? I can't find it. ---Don't worry. It must be ______ in your room.
A. somewhere
B. anywhere
C. everywhere
( )12 ---When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? ---_____ is OK.I'm free these days.
A. Both
B. All
C. Either
( )13. --- ______ is her daughter? --- The girl on the right wearing blue jeans.
A. Who
B. Which
C. Where
( )14. --- I need something for cutting the paper. --- Oh, you want a knife? OK, I'll get ______ for you.
A. it
B. this
C. one
( )15. At that time the train was slow and noisy. So______people liked taking trains.
A a few
B a little
C few
( )16.The pears in my basket are smaller than______in Jim's.
A. those
B. that
C. ones
四、数词考点：
【基数词写法、读法】
1至12逐个记忆，13至19均以-teen结尾；20至90十位数整数皆以后缀-ty结尾；21至99(整十除外)，在十位数与个位数之间加连字符号；101至999，在百位与十位之间加and；一千以上的基数词，从后面向前数，阿拉伯数字每三位为一段，用逗号分开，所用的数字名称依次为thousand，million，billion，
【序数词构成、用法】序数词前一般要用定冠词the
first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth
【分数词构成】
分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数
one third 1/3 four fifths 4/5
【hundred，thousand，million等词复数形式的考查】---常考
* hundred, thousand, million, dozen等词前如有表示具体数字的词时，它们不能加“s”，反之则必须加s，并且跟上of
two hundred/thousand/million hundreds/thousands/millions of 数百/成千上万/数百万
【时刻表示法的考查】
钟点的表达形式一般有两种
顺读法：先说“点钟”，再说“分钟”；
逆读法：30分钟以内用“分钟数＋past＋钟点数”；30分钟以外要用“分钟数＋to＋下一个钟点”；
注意：半小时要用half，15分钟用a quarter
two to two 1:58 eighteen past five 5:18 half past eight 8:30 a quarter past ten 10:15
【数词与名词表编号的考查】
在通常情况下，表示年级、班、行、课等的编号时用基数词。其习惯表达为年级、班、行、课等的词在前，基数词在后，且词首的字母要大写。即“名词＋基数词”也可用“the＋序数词＋名词”表示Page Five= the fifth page第五页Class One, Grade Two三年级一班（先说班后说年级，从小到大）
【真题解析】
( )30. John is the________one I want to work with. He is such a lazy boy. （2005厦门）
A. first
B. last
C. only
D. best
( )23. The_________letter in the word "develop" is "v".（2008厦门）
A. second
B. third
C. fifth
( )24. In the picture, the ______ one from the left is Huanhuan. （2009厦门）
A. first
B. third
C. fifth
【预测试题】
( )1.Monday is the______ day of a week.
A. first
B.second
C.third
( )2. Harbin is a beautiful city. _______ people come here to visit the Sun Island every year.
A.Thousands
B.Thousand of
C.Thousands of
( )3.Our school is not very big. There are only ________ students.
A. nine hundreds of
B.nine hundred
C.nine hundreds
( )4.An _______ boy can sing the English song very well.
A. eight-year-old
B.eight years old
C.eight-year old
( )5.My lovely daughter is _______.
A. ten years old
B.ten-year-old
C.ten year old
( )6. ______ of the work has been done.
A.Two third
B.Two three
C.Two thirds
( )7.Next week we're going to learn ______.
A. unit 5
B. the unit 5
C.Unit 5
( )8. I want to try it again. Please give me ____ third chance again.
A.a
B.an
C.the
五、形容词、副词考点：
【词义辨析】(1)形容词和副词的基本词义辨析，要求熟记单词并理解题意
(2)-ing形容词& -ed形容词:-ing表示人或物本身所具有的特点,而-ed表示人对...的感觉
I am interested in the interesting book.
注意：be interested in (doing) sth / take an interest in (doing) sth （人）对....感兴趣
(3)形容词和副词的区别:一般是形容词加ly：quick adj.→quickly adv.；quiet adj. →quietly adj.
注意：friendly adj. (be friendly to) lonely adj. 孤独的& alone adv.独自
hard adj.困难的、坚硬的adv.刻苦地（work / study hard）→→hardly (ever) adv. 几乎不(含否定意味)
【用法】(1)形容词用来修饰名词,而副词用来修饰动词或形容词
She is a good girl, and she do well in studying.
(2)系动词+ adj.,系动词包括be / become / look / sound / taste / feel / smell /get / turn / keep / stay等
The silk feels soft. It sounds great. I prefer to look smart.
【疑问副词的区别】how often多久一次，常用never/ hardly/ sometimes/ often/ usually/ always及twice a week等回答how long 多长时间，常用(for )+时间段/since+时间点/about+时间段回答
--How long have you lived in China? --For two years/Since two years ago.
--How long does it take from Xiamen to Shanghai by train? --About 8 hours.
how soon 多快，常用in + 时间段回答
--How soon will you come back? --In three months.
how far多远，问距离(how many metres/kilometres)
--How far is it from here to your school? --About ten minutes' walk./Three miles.
【易混点解析】
(1)too much+不可数名词；too many+可数名词；都意为"太多" & much too + 形容词/副词"非常,极其,太"
Please don't eat too much ice cream/too many snacks. The shoes are much too expensive.
(2)a few+可数n复数(肯定);a little +不可数n(肯定);few+可数n复数(否定);little +不可数n(否定)
There are few people in the shopping mall, because it's Friday.
He spent a few months finishing reading the novel.
There is little milk left in the firdge, please go and buy some.
I can speak a little French.
(3)enough"足够" "形容词/副词+enough to..." "enough +名词"表示"足够...能..."
easy /comfortable / fast enough enough time / milk
My younger sister is clever enough to dance to the music.
(4)"too... to..."太...而不能...(否定) "so...that..."如此...以至于....与enough 的转换
I'm too short to catch the clock. I'm not tall enough to catch the clock. I'm so short that I can't catch the clock.
【形容词副词同级比较、比较级、最高级】
(1)构成---规则变化
构成方法原级比较级最高级
单音节词和少数多音节词一般在词尾加-er或-est
cold colder coldest
fast faster fastest 以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r或-st
nice nicer nicest
large larger largest 以一个元音加一个辅音结尾的重读闭音
节词(辅音+元音+辅音)先双写辅音字母,
再加-es或-est
big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改“y”
为“i”,再加-er或-est
easy easier easiest
funny funnier funniest
healthy healthier healthiest
friendly friendlier friendliest
多音节部分双音节在词前加more或most tired/famous
more
tired/famous
most
tired/famous
important more important most important
构成--不规则变化
good / well- better -best bad / badly- worse- worst many / much- more- most little- less- least
(2)用法
1)同级比较:肯定形式 A be as/so+adj.原级+as+B English is as interesting as Chinese.
否定形式A be not +so/as+adj.原级+as+B English is not so interesting as Chinese.
2)两者之间的比较用比较级，三者或三者以上的比较用最高级
A.Who / Which + be +比较级,A or B ? 表示"两个中,哪个更...."
Which city is hotter,Xiamen or Shanghai?
B.Who / Which + be +最高级级, A ,B or C ?表示"三个中,哪个更...."
Which city is the hottest,Xiamen,Shanghai or Wuhan?
C.~ + be + the 比较级+ of /in 表示"两/三个之中比较...的那一个"
Tom is the taller of the two. Tom is the tallest of the three/in his class.
3)"The+比较级..., the+比较级..."表示"越...就越..."
The more you eat, the heavier you will be
4)"比较级+ and + 比较级/more and more +原级", 表示"越来越..."
It's getting hotter and hotter. The game is more and more exciting.
5)在比较级前面加上表示程度的词语修饰" much /a little/ a bit/ a lot / even / far + 比较级"
A compute is much more expensive than a bicycle.
He is a little taller than Lucy
6)"one of +the+形容词最高级+ 复数名词+ in/of "表示"最...的...之一",谓语要用单数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
One of the best students in my class is Davy.
7)Changjiang is longer than any other(同一范围) river in China.
Changjiang is longer than any(不同范围) river in Japan.
8)A+ be+倍数+as+adj.原级+as+B.Our school is three times as big as theirs.
A +be+倍数+adj.比较级别+than+
B Our school is three times bigger than theirs
9)注意:形容词比较级和最高级的转化
She is the tallest student in her class. == She is taller than any other student in her class.
== She is taller than the other students in her class. ==*She is taller than anyone else in her class.
==*No one is as tall as her in her class.
【真题解析】
( )39. Don't worry, sir. I'm sure I can run________to catch up with them. （2005厦门）
A. fast enough
B. enough fast
C. slowly enough
D. enough slowly
( )40. --- He thinks_____ of others than of himself.
--- That's why everyone likes to make friends with him.（2005厦门）
A. much
B. more
C. little
D. less
( )27. ----______ did she become a famous actress? ---In 1999. （2006厦门）
A. When
B. How
C. Why
( )38. ---How often do you watch TV?
---Maybe ______. You know, we’re students in Grade 3, so we don’t have much time.（2006厦门）
A. in the evening
B. for twenty minutes
C. once a week
( )24. Doctors often suggest, “______ vegetables and ______ meat can help you keep fit.”（2007厦门）
A. More; less
B. Few; much
C. Fewer; more
( )25. ----What do you think Tara is like? ----She used to be quiet, but she is quite ______ now.（2007厦门）
A. clever
B. serious
C. outgoing
( )26. We ______ play sports in the school on weekdays, you know, we don’t have enough time.（2007厦门）
A. often
B. usually
C. hardly ever
( )37. I have been working so hard these days for the big exam, I feel ______. I’m afraid I can’t pass it.（2007厦门）
A. relaxed
B. stressed out
C. comfortable
( )26.---What do you think of the Chinese food?---Very_________. I like it so much.（2008厦门）
A. delicious
B. awful
C. funny
( )27. ---Could you tell me_____it is from here to the science museum? ---It's about half an hour's walk.(2008厦门)
A. how far
B. how long
C. how soon
( )26. ---- ______ have you been collecting coins? ----Since I was a little child.（2009厦门）
A. How often
B. How soon
C. How long
( )27. I was very ______ to see what happened that day. I couldn’t believe it at all.（2009厦门）
A. relaxed
B. surprised
C. tired
( )26.The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet gets us ____.(2010厦门中考)
A.closer
B. bigger
C. farther
( )25. --- Sometimes walking is even _________ than driving during the busy traffic time.
--- Are you kidding? (2011厦门中考)
A. slower
B. faster
C. harder
【预测试题】
( )1. The students from Xinjiang enjoy staying in our school because everyone is _____ to them.
A.friendly
B. happily
C. politely
( )2.We felt ________ when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.
A. brave
B. proud
C. successful
( )3. Little Tom has friends, so he often plays alone.
A. a little
B. many
C.few
( )4.In the Science Museum, the children felt________ to see so many________ things.
A. surprised; amazing
B. surprising; amazing
C. surprising; amazed
( )5. Billy has all kinds of different ideas. He is ________to be a famous writer.
A. enough creative
B. creative enough
C. energetic enough
( )6. She was ______ well dressed that she attracted everyone's attention at the party.
A. so
B. quite
C.too
( )7. Nowadays science fiction isn’t as as cartoons among teenagers.
A. popular
B. more popular
C. the most popular
( )8. Helen learns to dance three times a week. Now she dances ________ Anita does.
A. so good as
B. as well as
C. as good as
( )9. ---This digital camera is really cheap! ---The ______ the better. I’m short of money, you see.
A. cheap
B. cheaper
C.cheapest
( )10.Everyone knows that China is getting________.
A.strong and strong
B.stronger and stronger
C.more strong and strong
( )11.--- It's so cold today. --- Yes, it's than it was yesterday.
A. more cold
B. more colder
C. much colder
( )12. Paris is one of________cities in the world.
A.beautiful
B.most beautiful
C.the most beautiful
( )13. If you want to learn English well, you must use it as _______ as possible.
A. often
B. hard
C.soon
( )14.His grandparents live ____ in a small house, but they don’t feel _______.
A. lonely; alone
B. alone; lonely
C. lonely; lonely
( )15. ---_______will you stay in London? ---According to my schedule, I will stay here for about two months.
A. How soon
B. How long
C.How often
( )16.---_______will you leave here for London?
--- In about two weeks. There are other two co-workers going with me.
A. How often
B. How long
C.How soon
六、介词考点
常用介词基本用法一览表：
介词不达意意义常用搭配
about 大约、关于worry about,What/How about… talk about
across 横越、经过go across经过
after 在……之后look after,after school,after ten o’clock
among 在……之间（三个或三个以上）among friends,among the mountains
at 在（某时刻、某状态、速度、价钱等）at a price of(以...的价格),arrive at,at the moment,at the age of (...岁),be good at(擅长...)
before 在……前before class,before lunch
between 在两者之间between…and…
by 在……旁边、通过（方式）、乘（车）、
到……止
by bus,by the end of,by last year
during 在……期间during the summer holiday
for 为了、向、因为leave for(动身前往....),be good for(对...有好处),
for a while(一会)
from 从、自、离from…to…,come from,hear from(收到....来信)
in 在……里、用（语言）、穿in a week,in spring,in 2003,in time,in English,
in blue(穿蓝色衣服),spend…(in) doing
like 像look like/be like/sound like/seem like
of ……的 a map of China,hear of ,a waste of time(浪费时间) off 离开、脱离take off,turn off
on 在……上,在某天（的早上等）、在进行、关于on duty,on business,on holiday,on Saturday,on the morning of April
over 在……上方、越过all over the world,over the river,go over,look over since 自从since 2001,since last year,since two years ago
through 通过（从内部）、经过go through
to 到……、朝get to,go to the zoo,to one’surprise(令某人惊讶的是...) under 在……下面under the tree
with 和、对……被、用、附带有with the help of(在...帮助下),help…w ith,come up
with(想出,提出建议/想法),talk with,play with,be strict
with sb (对...严格)
without 没有without help,without breakfast
易混介词
1、in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在”
1)at + 具体时刻
2)on + 具体某天(具体某天的上、下午等;星期词;以及上、下午词前有修饰词时)
3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分
eg. 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning 3. ___ a rainy evening 4. ___3:50
5.__ 2002
6.___ the morning of April 10
7.___ spring
8.___ night
9.___ this time 10. ___ March 11. noon
注意:在时间词(morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday…)前有last/next/this/that时不再用介词.
this morning/afternoon next Sunday
tomorrow, tonight前不用介词
2. in , on , at 表地点
at一般指小地方in一般指大地方或某个范围之内on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”
eg.1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday. 2)They arrived ___a small village before dark.
3)There is a big hole ____ the wall. 4)The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall.
3.across(表面)跨过,介词through(内部)穿过,贯穿,介词
cross 动词“跨过，越过”=go across
eg. 1)Can you go _____ the road? 2)The road runs __________ the forest.
3) _____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.
4.in the tree(外加在树上的事物) on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)
on the wall(墙表面的事物) in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)
5.by bike/bus/car/ship (单数且无冠词),但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时,则应使用相应的介词
by bike = on a(the; his) bike by car = in a(the ; her) car
6.between 在(两者)之间among 在(三者以上)之间
1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach. ________ them were his parents.
2)Tom sits ________Lucy and Lily.
7. in front of 在…前面(外部) in the front of:在……前面(内部)
1)There is a big tree _______ of the classroom. 2)A driver drives _________ of the bus.
8.with和in,表示"用"with:指“用工具、手、口等” in 指“用语言、话语、声音等”
1) Please write the letter ____ a pen. 2) Please speak ____ a loud voice.
9.except与besides的区别:except"除了"表示排除掉某人/物,即不包含besides"除了"则表示包含
【真题解析】
( )36. There are two classes_________ Saturday afternoon. We can not have a rest this weekend.（2004厦门）
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. of
( )41. We must make the earth a happy home________ both human beings and animals.（2005厦门）
A. for
B. with
C. by
D. at
( )25. Good news! We are going _____ a school trip to Guangzhou next week.（2006厦门）
A. at
B. with
C. on
( )28. ----What’s the matter ______ you? ----I have pains in the eyes.（2007厦门）
A. for
B. with
C. on
( )25. Lily used to learn English ______ watching American movies. She thought it really helped.（2009厦门）
A. by
B. to
C. of
( )26. I used to be afraid of dark so I went to sleep with the light______.（2011厦门）
A. on
B. off
C. out
【预测试题】
( )1. ---When was Jim born? ---______July, 18,1978.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. to
( )2. The teacher will be back ______ an hour.
A. in
B. after
C. of
D. at
( )3.They arrived______ London______a cold winter night.
A. at, in
B. in, on
C. at, on
D. in , at
( )4. The doctor worked______five hours______ a rest.
A. for; with
B. on; without
C. about; having
D. for; without
( )5. When our school team won, we got excited __________ it.
A. with
B. at
C. for
D. about
( )6. I think teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to smoke.－I agree ______ you.
A. on
B. with
C. about
D. for
七、动词及动词词组考点:
【对动词的考查】
1)use的相关短语辨析
be used to (doing) sth.习惯(做)某事I’m used to the weather in Xiamen/to getting up early.
used to do过去常常做某事(现在不做了)He used to live in New York,but he moved to London yesterday.
be used to do sth.(be used for doing sth.)被用来做...Pens are used to write. == Pens are used for writing.
2) arrive, get, reach表达"到达"时的区别(后+地点副词--home/here/there,介词省略)
arrive in+大地方;arrive at+小地方arrive at a village/arrive in Beijing/arrive at his home/arrive there get to+地点名词; get+地点副词get to school/get to his home/get home
reach+地点reach a village/Beijing/his home/there/school
3)borrow为短暂性动词,表示主语"借入"某物borrow sth. from sb.
lend为短暂性动词,表示主语"借出"某物lend sth. to sb.(=lend sb. sth.)
keep"保存、借",为持续性动词,表示"长时间地借"How long can we keep the book?
4) see"看见",表结果
look"看",表动作,不及物动词,后面须加介词at才能跟宾语look at= have a look at
watch"看（比赛、电视）"
Read"看书、报",表示阅读
5)bring意为"带来,拿来",表示拿示拿到靠近说话者的地方She brought her boyfriend to the party
take意为"拿去,带走",表到远离说话者的地方Please take your mobel plane to school.
carry意为"扛,搬",用力移动,没有方向性
fetch意为"去取,去拿",表示往返拿物,有去有回
6)die意为"死",是不及物动词、短暂性动词Her grandfather died last year.
dead意为"死的",是形容词,表状态Her grandfather has been dead for two years.
death意为"死",是名词His death was a great loss to China.
dying意为"垂死的",是形容词The poor old man was dying.
7)speak,接语言或指会议上发言speak+语言speak in public
say常跟直接引语或间接引语,并且表示说话的内容say hello/sorry/goodbye to sb
talk是不及物动词,常跟介词to、with和about,也表示具有说话能力
tell意为"告诉",tell sb sth/tell sb about sth/tell sb to do sth/tell sb not to do sth
8)spend(spend-spent-spent) 人+spend+钱/时间+on sth/ (in) doing sth.
pay(pay-paid-paid) 人(+ 钱)+ for +物
take(take-took-taken) It takes/took sb.+时间+ to do sth.
cost(cost-cost-cost)物+ cost +人+钱
9)wear强调穿着的状态,与"be in+颜色/衣服"同义
put on强调穿的动作(反义词)take off
dress常用于dress sb./oneself给某人(自己)穿衣服dress up乔装打扮
10)look for强调寻找的动作find强调找的结果
listen to强调听的动作hear强调听的结果
look(at)强调看的动作see强调看的结果
11)hung和hanged都是hang的过去分词,但hang意为"悬挂",hanged意为"绞死"
12) lose意为"输给某人" lose to sb.
fail意为"失败"或"未做成某事" fail sth/fail in sth
beat意为"打败" beat sb/团队
win意为"赢得", win+荣誉、地位、比赛等
13) lose意为"丢失"、"失去"
forget意为"忘记""忘记做某事" forget to do sth. /forget doing sth.
leave意为"落下" leave sth.+地点"把某物落在某处"
14) think of"想到..."
think about"考虑",宾语it或them置后
think over"仔细考虑",一般指考虑问题,it或them放在中间
15)join+团体、组织、俱乐部join sb 加入某人
take part in+活动=join in+活动
attend一般指出席会议
16) turn 一般用于颜色的变化turn red/yellow
get或grow指天变黑get dark
get或become指天气的变化become cold
get也用于天变长或变短When spring comes, the days get longer.
【对动词词组的考查】
1)不同的动词,后面加上相同的介词/副词
使用频率较高的这类动词有:call,cut,come,go,get,look,put,set,turn,take,pay,pick,make等.
常见的介词或副词有:in,off,out,up,away,for,on,over等
A.动词+away
throw away扔掉put away把....收拾好give away捐赠take away 把....拿走right away 立刻,马上run away逃跑go away走开
B.动词+for
plan for为....计划ask for请求,要求send for派人去请pay for 为...付款
wait for等待look for寻找
C.动词+on
try on试穿put on穿上,上演hold on不挂断keep on继续
go on继续come on加油,过来turn on 打开
D.动词+over
come over顺便来访go over仔细检查,复习get over克服,恢复look over检查think over仔细考虑
E.动词+up
call up召唤,打电话给cut up切碎fix up.修理give up放弃
grow up长大think up想出look up查找make up组成,构成put up张贴,挂起dress up 打扮pick up捡起,接某人set up建立
show up出席,露面
F.动词+out
go out出去,熄灭look out留神,当心put out扑灭hand out分发find out找出,查明work out计算出,解决come out出版give out 分发
hang out 闲逛take out 取出
2) 同一个动词,后面加上不同的介词/副词
常见的这些动词有:break,die,call,cut,come,get,go,look,put,set,turn,take,pay,pick,make等
A. break+介词/副词
break down发生故障break up(关系)破裂,分手break off中断,突然停止break into破门而人
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1216179694.html,e+介词/副词
come in进来come from来自... come over顺便来访come out出来,出版come back回来come on 加油,过来come here来这儿
C.cut+介词
cut up切碎cut down砍倒,削减
D.get+介词/副词
get in进入,上车get out of 下车,出来get on上车get off下车,下来get over 克服get along/on进展,融洽相处get through打通(电话) get to 到达
F.give+介词/副词
give up放弃give away赠送，捐赠give back归还give out分发
G.go+介词/副词
go ahead着手,进行go along进展,沿着...走；go around到处走动go away离去,走开go down下降go up上升go over复习,温习go through穿过
H.1ook+介词/副词
look after照顾，照料1ook around环顾；look at看look down朝下看look for寻找look into调查look out当心look through浏览,检查look like 看起来像look up 查找look over 仔细检查
I.turn+介词/副词
turn down调低,关小,拒绝turn up调高turn off关掉turn on打开
turn to求助于,转向turn round回头,转身
J. put+介词/副词
put down放下put in放进put on穿上,戴上put off延迟,拖延put out扑灭put up举起,张贴put away把....收好
K.动词+副词+介词
come up with想出catch up with赶上keep away from远离run out of用完
go along with一起去hold on to坚持get out of 下车,走出
【对句型的考查】
1)What would you like? 你想要些什么？sb. would like ...某人想要些…
2)---How was your weekend?你的周末过得怎么样?/ How was your school trip? ---It was great!
3)What do you think of…? 你认为…怎么样?==How do you like…?
4)What's the weather like?/How's the weather?天气怎么样?
5)What's the matter?/What’s wrong? 怎么了?
6)---Can you come to my party? 你能来我的晚会吗?
---Yes, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to study for my test.
7)---What are you going to be?你打算成为怎样的人？
---I am going to be a basketball player打算成为一名篮球员问
8) Could you please …? 你能…吗? Would you mind doing…? 你介意…吗?
9) Why don't you+动词原形…?/Why not+动词原形…? 为什么你不…?
10) Don't eat in class别在课堂上吃东西(祈使句)
【真题解析】
( )38. It will_________ you about thirteen hours to fly to England from Hong Kong.（2004厦门）
A. spend
B. take
C. use
D. pay
( )41. It's hard to say who will_________ the match in the end. They are neck and neck.（2004厦门）
A.win
B. beat
C. fight
D. play
( )32. Jack likes to________ others but never writes to them.（2005厦门）
A. hear
B. hear of
C. hear about D .hear from
( )29 --- Do you hear her _____ in the next room? ---Yes. It sounds perfect. （2006厦门）
A. sings
B. to sing
C. singing
( )30. The phone is ringing. Who can ______ it for me? （2006厦门）
A. call
B. answer
C. ask
( )31. Would you mind _____ the music? I can't hear it clearly. （2006厦门）
A. turning up
B. turning down
C. turning on
( )32. The price of the computer ______ what kind you want to buy. （2006厦门）
A. goes on
B. takes after
C. depends on
( )32. I am interested in animals, so I ______ lots of time playing with my pet dog. （2007厦门）
A. pay
B. take
C. spend
( )35. ---I need some help. Can you ______ the bananas for fruit salad? （2007厦门）
---Yes, Mum. But where’s the knife?
A.cut up
B. mix up
C. put up
( )33. ---Would you please ______ me your raincoat? ---Sure, here you are.（2007厦门）
A. lend
B. borrow
C. return
( )30. My clock doesn’t ______. Can you tell me what time it is now? （2009厦门）
A. work
B. walk
C. use
( )31. ---Yeah, our team ______ the match. ---Well done! Congratulations!（2009厦门）
A. beat
B. failed
C. won
( )35. ---What are you ______? ---My exercise book. Have you seen it anywhere?（2009厦门）
A. looking for
B. reading for
C. caring for
( )36. After discussing, they ______ a good idea to work on the project. （2009厦门）
A. mixed up with
B. came up with
C. caught up with
( )1.He has no ideas of his own, so he always ________ his friends about everything.（2010厦门）
A. plays with
B. argues with
C. agrees with
( )30. Susan ____her friends invitation to picnic because she had to stay at home and babysit her little sister.(11厦门)
A. received
B. refused
C. replied
( )33. ---Emily failed in the singing competition. She must be very sad. ---Let’s go and ______.（2011厦门）
A. wake her up
B. pick her up
C. cheer her up
( )34. If you _____,you’ll get good grades next time.（2011厦门）
A. work hard
B. grow up
C. hang out
【预测试题】
( )1. ---What's this in English?---Sorry, I can't _____it in English.
A.say
B. speak
C. talk
( )2. ---- I usually go there by train. ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C.try going
( )3. We are busy ________ our lessons these days.
A. prepare
B. preparing
C. to prepare
( )4. Look at the sign on the wall! Stop ___________ photographs, please.
A. to take
B. taking
C. take
( )5. They ________ this city last week.
A. reached to
B. got
C.arrived in
( )6. The TV set doesn't ______ too much. I can afford it.
A. take
B. spend
C. cost
( )7.---Peter, what if your parents go out? ---They ask me to _______ myself.
A.look after
B.look up
C.look for
( )8. You shouldn’t ______ your hope. Everything will be better.
A. give up
B. fix up
C. cheer up
( )9. --- How can I ______ well with my lessons, Dad? ---- Practice makes perfect.
A. work on
B. hold on
C. get on
( )10. –Attention, please. The flight has to be_______ because of the heavy rain.
A. put on
B. put off
C. put away
( )11. ---Steven, could you help me ______ when the plane will take off on the Internet?
---I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t wor k.
A. get on
B. find out
C. look for
( )12.---It’s cold today. You’d better ________ your sweater.---OK, I will.
A. put on
B. turn on
C. get on
( )13. Bill doesn’t like the sunglasses in the ad because they can’t _____ the sun well.
A. take out
B. keep out
C. look out
( )14. Mike ______his computer and checked his e-mail.
A. turned on
B. turned off
C. turned up
( )15. ---Can you tell me the English meaning of the word? ----Why don't you _______in the dictionary?
A. look it up
B. ring it up
C. pick it up
( )16. ----Many students don't know how to______stress and become worried.
-----I think they'd better ask their teachers for help.
A. argue with
B. deal with
C. come up with
八、动词八大时态考点：
1.一般现在时：
表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,客观事实,习惯用语或俚语等
A.基本结构：
1)Be动词(am,is,are)：
肯定形式主语+am/is/are+…
否定形式主语+am/is/are+not+…一般疑问句am/is/are提前2)实意动词:
肯定形式主语+do/does+…
否定形式主语+do/does+not+…一般疑问句do/does提前
B.时间状语：
(1)频度副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,never
(2)规律性/习惯性的词:once a week,twice a month,three times a year,on Sundays,every day等
注意:出现以when, until, as soon as,if, unless引导的从句，时态应遵从"主将从现"
如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to picnic.
2.一般过去时
(1)定义:表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常发生
(2)结构: 肯定形式主语+动词过去式+宾语/ be (was, were)+…
否定形式主语+didn’t+动词原形/ be (was, were)+not+…
一般疑问Did+主语+动词原形/be(Was, Were)+…
(3)时间状语
(1)last+时间:last night (2)段时间+ago:2 days ago (3)in+过去的年份in 1999
(4)yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, the other day等
近年来,厦门市中考出题特点主要通过语境（而非时间状语）判断时态，
如: I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这儿I thought you knew him.
3.一般将来时
(1)定义:表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态
(2)结构(常见三种形式)：
A.will/shall+动词原形
肯定形式主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他
否定形式主语+shall/will+not+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句Shall/Will+主语+动词原形+其他
B.be going to +动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,表示已决定的很可能发生的事
What are you going to do next Sunday?
C.be+ V--ing其中动词带有空间位移性质,如come, go, leave, start, arrive等
(3)时间状语:tomorrow, this (afternoon),next (year),one day ,soon, someday, sometime, in the future, when从句等
注意:There is/are going to be = There will be 考试中常见的典例
There is going to be a football match this afternoon.
there be & have 的区别:There be 是强调存在,某处有某物have 是拥有,强调从属关系
4.现在进行时
(1)定义:现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段正发生而此刻不一定在进行的动作
(2)结构:肯定形式主语+be (am is are ) +现在分词
否定形式主语+be(am, is, are)+not+现在分词
一般疑问句Be（am is are）+ 主语+…
(3)时间状语:now, Look! Listen! this year, these days…
(4)be always doing sth(批评、赞扬的语气)
5.过去进行时
(1)定义:过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作
(2)结构:肯定形式was/were+现在分词
否定形式was/were not+现在分词
一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+...
(3)时间状语:then, at that time, this time yesterday, at (eight) yesterday (morning), when时间状语从句
【注】动词when和while的选择:when 后加瞬间动词,while后加延续性动词
例句:The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
6.现在完成时
(1)定义:表示一个发生在过去的、对现在仍有影响的动作,或表示开始在过去,并且一直延续到现在,甚至还可能延
续下去的动作(两种定义)
(2)结构:肯定形式have (has)+动词的过去分词
否定形式have/has not+动词过去分词
一般疑问句have/has+主语+动词过去分词
(3)时间状语:A.for+段时间,since+点时间,段时间+before,so far B.其他:already,yet,just,ever,never,still等
【中考链接】have gone to已经去了(未回) have been to去过(已回) have been in…一直呆在某地
另外,当动词后面接的是一段时间,非延续性动词转化为相应的延续性动词
begin/start-be on come-be here
go/leave-be away join- be in
died-be dead
marry-be married
join-be in
buy-have
borrow-keep
7.过去完成时
(1)定义:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作发生之前已经完成的动作,简称为,"过去的过去"
(2)结构:肯定形式had+动词的过去分词
否定形式had not+动词的过去分词
一般疑问句Had+主语+过去分词
(3)时间状语:by last week,by the end of last year,by the time+过去时的句子,when+过去时的句子
如:By the time I got outside,the bus had already left.
8.过去将来时
(1)定义:过去将来时表示从过去某一个时间看即将发生的动作或存在的状态。
(2)结构:would + 动词原形
(3)用法:
A.过去将来时,一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中
He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们呆在一起
B.过去将来时,用于虚拟语气中,如:If I were you, I would not do that. 要是我是你的话,我就不会那样做
【历年真题】
( )34. The boy with two dogs________in the yard when the earthquake rocked the city. （2005厦门）
A. is playing
B. was playing
C. are playing
D. were playing
( )35. --- I'm looking for Mr White.
--- He was here just now. But he______to a meeting and he won't be back until eleven o'clock. （2005厦门）
A.was
B. will be
C. has gone
D. has been
( )33. Look, that's our new school building. There ____ be old and low houses. （2006厦门）
A. is going to
B. had
C. used to
( )34. Mr Wang _____ dinner when we got to his house. （2006厦门）
A. had boiled
B. had made
C. had kept
( )29. ---I have bought a very beautiful postcard for Teacher s’ Day. （2007厦门）
---Really? When ______ you ______ it?
A. do; buy
B. will; buy
C. did; buy
( )30. --- Do you have any plans for your summer vacation? --- I am ______ for London next Sunday.（2007厦门）
A. going to
B. leaving
C. will go
( )31. ---Did you notice your mother go out a moment ago? ---No, I didn't. I_________TV then.（2008厦门）
A. have watched
B. am watching
C. was watching
( )32. ---How many times have you been to the Great Wall? ---Only once. I ______ there last year.（2009厦门）
A. went
B. have gone
C. have been
( )39. ---Don’t make any noise in the library! --- ______. （2009厦门）
A. OK, I will
B. Yes, I do
C. No, I won’t
( )34. ---Excuse me, sir. This is non-smoking room. ---Oh,Sorry. I the sign.（2010厦门）
A.don’t
B. didn't see
C. won't see
( )31. ---Would you like to go and see Black September tonight? ---I’d love to. But I _______it（2011厦门）
A. have seen
B. was seeing
C. will see
【预测试题】
( )1. ---Can I help you? ----I bought this watch here yesterday, but it ______work.
A. didn’t
B. won’t
C. doesn’t
( )2. ---Do you like the material? ---Yes, it _______ very soft.
A. is feeling
B. is felt
C. feels
( )3. ---When will he leave for Shanghai? ---As soon as he his work.
A. finished
B. will finish
C. finishes
( )4. We won’t go sightseeing if _________tomorrow.
A. it rains
B. it will rain
C. it would rain
( )5..----Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary?
----Yes. I ________there for three days with my parents last month.
A. have been
B. was
C. went
( )6. ---Your phone number again? I _______ quite catch it. ---It’s 139********.
A. don’t
B. didn’t
C.doesn't
( )7. Don’t make so much noise. The students ______ English class.
A. are having
B. have
C. had
( )8. ----I ______ the Great Wall next week. ---Have a good trip!
A. visit
B. am visiting
C. have visited
( )9.Her mother ____________ while her father was watching TV
A. was cooking
B. cooked
C. is cooking
( )10._________ a concert of Jack Chou in my school tomorrow night.
A. There is
B. There will have
C. There will be
( )11.Hurry up! The train _________ in five minutes.
A. leave
B. will leave
C. left
( )12. ---Can you guess if they _______to play basketball with us? ---I think they’ll come if they _______ free.
A. will come, will be
B. will come, are
C. come, will be
( )13.Lucy said she _________ go to Austrilia on vacation this summer.
A .will B. would C. is going to
( )14.If I were you, I _________ travel around the world.
A. would
B. will
C. was going to
( )15.In the past few years there ________great changes in my hometown.
A. have been
B. had been
C. were
( )16.---How clean the bedroom is! ---Yes, I am sure that someone_______it.
A. cleaned
B. has cleaned
C. had cleaned
( )17.Prison Break is the best American TV play that I _______these years.
A. have watched
B. was watching
C. watched
( )18.---When did you borrow the English story－book? ---I borrowed it last week. I it for a week.
A. have bought
B. have kept
C. have borrowed
( )19.--How long have you China? -----For three years.
A. come back
B. been away from
C. left
( )20.His parents _________ for more than 20 years
A. have married
B. have been married
C. married
( )21.His grandfather ______ for thirty years.
A. died
B. was dead
C. has been dead
D. has died
( )22 .I _________ 5000 English words before I entered the university.
A. had learnt
B. learnt
C. have learnt
九、被动语态考点：
1.英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
Cats eat fish. (主动语态)猫吃鱼
Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃(注意:介词要用by)
2.被动语态的构成
由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样
时态被动语态结构例句
一般现在时am/ is /are +过去分词English is spoken in many countries.
一般过去时was/were +过去分词This bridge was built in 1989.
一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词The shop will be closed in an hour.
现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词The book has been written by a famous writer.
情态动词can/should/may/must/…… +be+过去分词The work must be done right now.
3.被动语态的特殊用法
1)含有动词短语的主动语态变被动语态
有些不及物动词后面加上介词及副词构成短语动词之后,可以接宾语,因而也可以变为被动语态;在变成被动语态时,不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词；
I turned on the radio. →The radio was turned on.
They take good care of my child. → My child is taken good care of.
2)动词feel,hear,listen,have,make,let,look,watch,see在主动句中,其后的动词不定式不加to,但变被动句时必须加to.
I saw him go into the office building. → He was seen to go into the office building.
The teacher made him stand by the wall. →He was made to stand by the wall by the teacher.
注意:在hear/see/watch/notice sb/sth doing sth结构中,被被动语态时,还是保留doing的形式
I hear a girl singing in the next room. →A girl is heard singing in the next room.
3)系动词作谓语:look,sound,taste,smell,feel等；The food tastes delicious.
4)need/want+doing相当于need/want+ to be done.
My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired.
5)have sth. done 也含有被动的含义，指某物被...
Teenagers shouldn't have their ears pierced.青少年不应该穿耳洞
6)get+过去分词,也可以表示被动态
She wants to get her ears pierced. 她想去穿耳洞
7)不使用被动语态的情况
belong to,happen,take place,come true等不及物动词
【真题解析】
( )36. I think teenagers in China should _____ to make their own decisions. （2006厦门）
A. allow
B. be allowed
C. be stopped
( )36. We ______ to go into the school unless we are in school uniforms. （2007厦门）
A. allow
B. are allowed
C. are not allowed
( )36. Attention, please! All the mobile phones must _________ before the meeting starts.（2008厦门）