2010年大学英语四级考试翻译提高练习二含答案
翻译——核心语法
1.各种从句的用法
从句的用法在前文已有详细讲解，这里就不再赘述。下面通过总结归纳来进一步探讨历年四级翻译对各类从句的考查情况。
(1)主语从句
真题：__________(很多人没有意识到的)is providing the best education possible for their children.(2009.6)
答案：What many people don’t realize
(2)宾语从句
真题：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life__________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.(2007.12) 答案：is measured by how much they can loan
(3)表语从句
真题：In my sixties, one change I notice is that__________(我比以前更容易累了).(2007.12)
答案：I am more likely to get tired than before
(4)定语从句
真题：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems__________(他们至今还没有答案)(2008.12)
答案：(that/which)they haven’t found solution to或to which they haven’t found solution
真题：__________(与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.(2008.6)
答案：Compared with the place where I grew up
真题：The prevention and treatment of AIDS is __________(我们可以合[ 此文转贴于贵,州.学,习.网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1214807780.html,] 作的领域).(2007.6)
答案：the field where(in which)we can cooperate
(5)状语从句
真题：Leaving one’s job, __________(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.(2008.6)
答案：whatever it is(让步状语从句)
真题：I am going to pursue this course, __________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).(2007.12)
答案：no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make(让步状语从句)
真题：Some psychologists claim that people __________(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)(2006.12)
答案：may feel lonely when they are away from home(时间状语从句)
【真题】__________(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.(2008.12)
【解析】本题考查对主语从句的掌握。汉语中“所关心的”实际上是指“所关心的事情”，用英语表达则使用what引导的从句。What在主语从句中作介词的宾语。“关心”可以用be concerned about表达。
【答案】What most parents are concerned about
注：从句的用法参见完形填空部分对从句的讲解。
2.虚拟语气
历年真题中涉及到虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：
(1)(should)+动词原形的情形;
(2)if或but for等引导的条件句;
(3)wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that…的本.文,来.源,于.贵,州.学,习.网,https://www.doczj.com/doc/1214807780.html, 用法。
【真题】You would not have failed if__________(按照我的指令去做).(2009.12) 【答案】you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders 【解析】本题较为容易，按照汉语意思直译。考点有两个：首先最重要的考点是if从句的虚拟语气考查;根据语法规定，如果主句中出现would +have的形式，从句中应该采用had+过去分词的结构;第二是固定搭配“按照…的指令”表达为follow my instructions 或者是follow my orders 注意多样化的表达，两者选其一就可以;注意很多学生出现遗漏主语you，造成不必要的失分。
【真题】The victim __________(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.(2006.12)
【解析】本句考查对错综时间条件句的虚拟语气的掌握。在与过去事实相反的条件下，if引导的条件句时态是过去完成时态，主句谓语一般使用would have done。
【答案】would have had a chance to survive/would have had a chance of survival 注：虚拟语气用法参见完形填空填空部分对虚拟语气的讲解。
3.倒装结构
倒装分完全倒装与部分倒装两种类型，重点是部分倒装，即只有系动词、助动词和情态动词参与的倒装。常见的倒装结构可以分为四大类：
(1)否定倒装。指否定副词或否定的副词性结构hardly, seldom, scarcely, never, little, nowhere, not once, under no circumstances, in no way, no sooner…than，not only…but also用于句首时所导致的倒装。
Seldom did I go to theater, but now it is different.
以前我很少去剧院，但是现在不同了。
(2)虚拟倒装。指在if引导的虚拟条件句中，将if省略，把should, had, were提至主语前，形成倒装。
Were I you, I’ll never promise to do that.
如果我是你，绝对不会答应那么做的。
(3)强调倒装。为突出强调某一成分而将它提至句首时，实行倒装，如：
A.so 倒装句
So diligently does he work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.
他工作如此勤奋以至于经常废寝忘食。
B.以某些表示肯定的副词开头作状语：only, often, then
Then did I throw myself into the chair, exhausted.
然后我一屁股坐在椅子上，累死了。
Only by working hard can we achieve what we want.
我们只有通过努力工作才能获得想要的东西。
(4)在“so+形容词…that分句”结构中，如将“so+形容词”置于句首以示强调时，其
后的系动词be则要移到主语前面，形成主谓的完全倒装。
So moved was she that she could not say a word.
她感动得说不出话来。
【真题】Not only__________(他向我收费过高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.(2006.6新)
【解析】本题考查对倒装的掌握。解答此题需要考虑两个层次，首先是动词“收费”的对应词，应当译为“charge”。收费“过高”往往使用too much,更加巧妙的用词overcharge 就可以表示“收费过高”。其次，not only…but…结构中出现了否定词前置到句首的现象，这是倒装的标志。结合后半句的一般过去时形式，我们要把助动词did提出来，按照倒装形式译为did he overcharge me/did he charge me too much。
【答案】did he overcharge me/did he charge me too much
第三部分翻译——真题评析与提高
1. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had___________(很难跟上班上同学)in maths and English. (2009.6)
解题步骤
(一)理解：分析此句，所翻译的部分主要考查对习惯用法的掌握，而并不涉及句子时态问题。
(二)表达：划分成分，句子中逗号之前部分是时间状语从句，而主句又引导宾语从句，宾语从句中核心谓语动词是had，“很难跟上班上同学”作宾语，“in maths and English”作补语。
(1) 切块对应翻译：“很难做某事”= have difficulty (in) doing sth.，“跟上”=keep up with，“班上同学”= his classmates。
(2) 重新组合：difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.
(三)校审：检查“很难做某事”、“跟上”用have difficulty (in) doing sth. 和keep up with来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案 difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.
考点剖析习惯用法：have difficulty (in) doing sth. “很难做某事”;keep up with “跟上”
2. The study shows that the poor functioning of human body is___________(与缺乏锻炼密切相关). (2009.6)
解题步骤
(一)理解：分析此句, 本句时态已经确定，所翻译部分在be动词is之后，所以充当表语成份。本题此_文_来_源_于_贵.州.学.习.网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1214807780.html, ] 主要是对习惯用法的考查。
(二)表达：划分成分本句的核心谓语动词是show，其后引导一个宾语从句，“the poor functioning of human body”作宾语从句的主语，“与缺乏锻炼密切相关”作表语。
(1) 切块对应翻译：“与……密切相关”= be closely linked/related to…，“缺乏锻炼”= the lack of exercise。
(2) 重新组合：closely linked/ related to the lack of exercise
(三)校审：检查“与……密切相关”、“缺乏锻炼”用be closely linked/related to…，the lack of exercise来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案closely linked to the lack of exercise/ closely related to the lack of exercise.
考点剖析习惯用法： be closely linked/related to…“与……密切相关”;the lack
of exercise “缺乏锻炼”
3. You’d better take a sweater with you___________(以防天气变冷). (2008.12)
解题步骤
(一)理解：分析此句,划线处应该填写一个让步状语从句，根据所表达的意思，这是对未来天气情况的一种假设，可以使用虚拟语气。
(二)表达：划分成分，You’d better take a sweater with you是本句的主句部分，从句“以防天气变冷”中核心谓语动词是“变冷”，“天气”作主语。
(1) 切块对应翻译：“以防”= in case，其后引导的虚拟语气可以用“should+动词原形”表示，其中should可省略。“天气”=it，“变冷”= turn cold。
(2) 重新组合：in case it (should) turn cold
(三)校审：检查“天气变冷”用it (should) turn cold来表达是否准确;核对翻译的句子时态与主句时态是否一致;翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案in case it (should) turn cold
考点剖析in case引导的虚拟语气。
第三部分翻译——真题评析与提高
1. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had___________(很难跟上班上同学)in maths and English. (2009.6)
解题步骤
(一)理解：分析此句，所翻译的部分主要考查对习惯用法的掌握，而并不涉及句子时态问题。
(二)表达：划分成分，句子中逗号之前部分是时间状语从句，而主句又引导宾语从句，宾语从句中核心谓语动词是had，“很难跟上班上同学”作宾语，“in maths and English”作补语。
(1) 切块对应翻译：“很难做某事”= have difficulty (in) doing sth.，“跟上”=keep up with，“班上同学”= his classmates。
(2) 重新组合：difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.
(三)校审：检查“很难做某事”、“跟上”用have difficulty (in) doing sth. 和keep up with来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案 difficulty (in) keeping up with his classmates.
考点剖析习惯用法：have difficulty (in) doing sth. “很难做某事”;keep up with “跟上”
2. The study shows that the poor functioning of human body is___________(与缺乏锻炼密切相关). (2009.6)
解题步骤
(一)理解：分析此句, 本句时态已经确定，所翻译部分在be动词is之后，所以充当表语成份。本题此_文_来_源_于_贵.州.学.习.网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1214807780.html, ] 主要是对习惯用法的考查。
(二)表达：划分成分本句的核心谓语动词是show，其后引导一个宾语从句，“the poor functioning of human body”作宾语从句的主语，“与缺乏锻炼密切相关”作表语。
(1) 切块对应翻译：“与……密切相关”= be closely linked/related to…，“缺乏锻炼”= the lack of exercise。
(2) 重新组合：closely linked/ related to the lack of exercise
(三)校审：检查“与……密切相关”、“缺乏锻炼”用be closely linked/related to…，the lack of exercise来表达是否准确;核对所翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案closely linked to the lack of exercise/ closely related to the lack of exercise.
考点剖析习惯用法： be closely linked/related to…“与……密切相关”;the lack of exercise “缺乏锻炼”
3. You’d better take a sweater with you___________(以防天气变冷). (2008.12)
解题步骤
(一)理解：分析此句,划线处应该填写一个让步状语从句，根据所表达的意思，这是对未来天气情况的一种假设，可以使用虚拟语气。
(二)表达：划分成分，You’d better take a sweater with you是本句的主句部分，从句“以防天气变冷”中核心谓语动词是“变冷”，“天气”作主语。
(1) 切块对应翻译：“以防”= in case，其后引导的虚拟语气可以用“should+动词原形”表示，其中should可省略。“天气”=it，“变冷”= turn cold。
(2) 重新组合：in case it (should) turn cold
(三)校审：检查“天气变冷”用it (should) turn cold来表达是否准确;核对翻译的句子时态与主句时态是否一致;翻译的句子是否符合英语习惯等。
正确答案in case it (should) turn cold
考点剖析in case引导的虚拟语气。
第三部分翻译——特训练习与答案
训练一
1. (不论演奏过多少回)，the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
2. When you get men into that state of anger, ________________(他们很容易出麻烦).
3. ______________________________(尽管我很崇拜他是个作家), I don't like him as a man.
4. His eyes were reading books________________________________(脑子却在胡思乱想).
5. Only in this way ______________(我们才能在毕业之后很快适应社会).
6. _________________ (他真正希望得到的东西) is encouragement from his parents and teachers.
7. It was advised that _______________(在居民区设立更多的流动商店).
8. Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).
9. (正是由于她太没有经验)that she does not know how to deal with the situation.
10.I (将在做实验) from three to five this afternoon.
11. _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a quick, sharp reply.
12. It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).
13. His remarks left me ________________(想知道他的真实目的).
14. If you had_____________________ (听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦).
15. The government was accused ______________(没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺).
答案与解析
1.【答案】No matter how frequently performed
考查no matter how“无论如何”引导的状语从句。
2.【答案】they are apt to make trouble
①be apt to表示“易于做某事”，指人的机体或精神上的固有的或习惯的倾向等;②make trouble表示“惹麻烦”。
3.【答案】Much as I admire him as a writer
①让步状语从句：much as表示“尽管……”，as 引导的让步状语从句，其主要结构为：形容词/副词/名词 + as/though + 主语 + 谓语，much表示程度;②admire him as a writer 译为“崇拜他是作家”。
4.【答案】while his mind was wandering
①while表示“却……”;②mind was wandering表示“胡思乱想”。
5.【答案】can we adapt(ourselves)to the society quickly after we graduate
本题考查对倒装句、adapt的用法以及after引导的时间状语从句的掌握。only引起[ 此文转贴于贵州学习网 https://www.doczj.com/doc/1214807780.html, ] 的状语位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。本题中要将情态动词can提前。adapt作“适应”解时常用于adapt(oneself)to sth.的结构。
6.【答案】What he really hopes for
本题考查主语从句。例如：What matters to us is how to make our campus life meaningful and fruitful.对我们来说，重要的是如何让我们的校园生活有意义、有收获。
7.【答案】more mobile shops(should)be set up in the residential area
表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词所接的主语从句通常用“(that)sb.(should)do”的虚拟形式。
8.【答案】needn’t have borrowed it from the bank
本题考查虚拟语气的用法，needn’t have done的结构是“本不必这样做而做了”的意思。
9.【答案】It is because she is too inexperienced
没有经验可以用一个形容词来翻译，即inexperienced。
10.【答案】will be doing/conducting the experiment
“做实验”既可用do experiment也可用conduct experiment。
本题考查将来时态的用法，
11.【答案】However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him
表示为难，此处用upset，当然我们也可以用made sb.in a difficult position，或embarrass sb.。
12.【答案】whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision
whether/if引导后置的主语从句
13.【答案】wondering about his real purpose
leave sb.doing 让继续处于某种状态;leave sb.to do sth.让某人干某事
14.【答案】followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.
虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法。从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were)+ ……主句：主语+ would(should, could, might)+ 动词原形+ ……
15.【答案】of failure to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions/of failing to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions 本题考查对accuse的用法及短语fulfill one’s promise to…的掌握。Accuse“指责、控告”常用于accuse sb.of sth./doing sth.的结构，所以was accused of之后用failure 和failing都可以。“实现……的承诺”用fulfill one’s promise to表示，to后接动词原形。
训练二
1. This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍).
2. Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就结束了).
3. The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
4. (无论理由是什么)，we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.
5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before___ (发达国家尤为如此).
6. _______________(让世界发展如此之快的)is the modern science and technology.
7. A student must treasure his time and ________________(吸收尽可能多的知识)to lay a solid foundation for his future career.
8. For students eager to be useful to society, ________________(没有任何地方的教育比大学里的更好了) --studying there is like bathing yourself in the oceans of knowledge.
9. As for Williams, (他宁愿死也不愿意做这件事).
10. Only under special circumstances, (学生才被准许提前毕业).
11. It has been proved that (我们的肤色取决于遗传).
12. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _____ (主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).
13. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___ (超过 250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困).
14. ____ (除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs.
15. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ___ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).
答案与解析
1.【答案】reacts three times as fast as the other one
本题考查倍数的表达方式。倍数表达法有三种：A倍数+原级 B 倍数+比较级C倍数+名词短语。例如：和……的三倍一样长可以译为：
A.three times as long as
B.twice longer than
C.three times the length of
2.【答案】or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church
将来完成时。
3.【答案】killing thousands upon thousands of people
分词作结果状语。
4.【答案】Whatever be the reasons for it
whatever“无论是什么”引导的状语从句。
5.【答案】especially in developed countries
“发达国家”和“发展中国家”的表达方式分别为developed country, developing country。
6.【答案】What makes the world develop so fast
根据句子各部分语法功能判断，我们在这里需要的是一个主语，因此必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句，全句意思为：什么让世界发展如此之快——是现代科技。
7.【答案】absorb as much knowledge as he can
本句意为：学生应该珍惜宝贵时间并吸收尽可能多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基
础。“吸收”可 [此资料转贴于ＧＺＵ５２１学习网 ]ｗww.Ｇzu５21.ｃom 选用absorb，drink in，take in.“尽可能多的”译为as many as或as much as，具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。lay a foundation for表示“为……打下基础”。
8.【答案】nowhere is education better than in college
“没有任何地方”译成“nowhere”，但nowhere是一个表示否定的词，后面要采取部分倒装的形式，所以把is置于主语education之前。
9.【答案】he would sooner die than do such a thing
主语+would sooner+动词原形+than+动词原形表示“两者比较宁愿做……，也不愿意做另一件”，强调意愿。该句型还有另外一种形式：Sooner than +动词原形……，(主句)主语+would+动词原形。主要是用于强调所比的对象，主句虽然放在后面，但不用倒装。
10.【答案】are students permitted to graduate in advance
①句首是Only +介词短语，后面应用倒装句式，属于部分倒装，系动词+主语+其他;②are permitted to表示“被允许做……”;③in advance表示“提前”。
11.【答案】the color of our skin is due to heredity
①the color of our skin表示“肤色”;②due to表示“取决于……”;③heredity 表示“遗传”，特指生物遗传;heritage 使用最广泛，不仅指一般的遗产，也指世代相传的具有特色的精神财富或物质财富;inheritance 指继承这一行为，不指继承的东西，为抽象名词。
12.【答案】mainly due to stress and tension in their work
stress做名词时，意思偏于精神方面的压力;请注意以下词的区别：pressure偏于物理方面的压力;tension指紧张，nervousness指神经过敏;“由于”的表达有owing to，due to，thanks to，on account of等。
13.【答案】more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty
这题主要是对较大数字以及“摆脱”的翻译考查。250万译为2.5million或two and a half million都可以;另外“摆脱”也有多种表达：get rid of，lift out等，或简单地用out表达。
14.【答案】All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal
本题要注意vote to 和vote for的区别，vote to是指支持某人，投票给某人，而vote for不单指投票，并是赞成某人。for有赞成的意味，另反对可以相应表达为against。
15.【答案】providing new growth opportunities for China’s foreign and domestic trade
主要是“国内外贸易”-China’s foreign and domestic trade这个表达的掌握。
训练三
1. If you want to _______________(取得成就或实现雄心壮志)，you must work hard，make efforts and get prepared.
2. The successful person _____________(总是作好充分准备)to meet opportunities as they duly arrive.
3. (唯一需要做的是) a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.
4. No other reproduction in any form is permitted (未经出版社书面同意).
5. The environmental effect of this new factory (完全可以从周围的田地和河流看出来).
6. This is yet _________________ (两国人民的又一个共同点).
7. His scientific works _______________(在英语国家得到广泛阅读).
8. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_____________(改革也是解放生产力).
9. He is optimistic ________________(对现时信息产业的发展状况).
10. Work in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________(服务于经济发展的进程).
11. Henry has prepared a party for his girlfriend，______________(结果却被告之她到时候不能来了).
12. The identical twins resemble each other___________________(长相相似但性格不同).
13. I would rather join you in research work____________________(而不愿到海滨去度假).
14. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language，they can communicate with adults ________________(通过面部表情和靠发出噪声).
15. Although I liked the appearance of the house，_____________(真正让我决定买下它的)was the beautiful view through the window.
答案与解析
1.【答案】achieve something or fulfill your ambitions
本题考查短语搭配。“取得成就”可以有这样的表达：make achievements或achieve something，前者“成就”作名词，后者作动词。“实现雄心壮志”中“实现”可选用realize，fulfill，此外make…come true，carry…out也有实现梦想/理想之意。
2.【答案】always makes adequate preparations
“作准备”的表达有：prepare…for; make preparations for…“充分的”可选形容词有：enough，sufficient，adequate，而well-prepared多在句中充当表语成分，如：His counsel was well-prepared.他的律师做了充分准备。
3.【答案】All that is needed is
此句不要受汉语思维的影响用only来翻译，“唯一要做的”，其实是“你所需要做的一切”。
4.【答案】without written permission from the publishing house
①介词短语：without written permission表示“未经允许”;②written permis [此资料转贴于ＧＺＵ５２１学习网 ]ｗww.Ｇzu５21.ｃom sion表示“(书面)允许”;③the publishing house表示“出版社”。
5.【答案】is most clearly observable in the surrounding field and river
①is most clearly observable表示“完全可以看出来”，句型The effect of…is…observable.表示“……的效果是可以看出的”;②surrounding field and river表示“周围的田野和河流”。
6.【答案】another common point between the people of our two countries
本题通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是“共同点”是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补 between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一。
7.【答案】were widely read in English-speaking countries
这句话易被错译为were widely read in English countries。原文中“英语国家”的含义是“讲英语的国家”。又如：我卖掉了彩电。I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清“彩电”的含义。其有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV
set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。这都体现了英汉表达差异。
8.【答案】and so does reform
考点有二：①考查词性转移。原文中“解放”用作动词，“生产力”作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语“对生产力的解放”。②考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得累赘。为避免重复，可选用and so does…来代替这个动宾结构。
9.【答案】about the present development of information industry
“对……表示乐观”可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。“状况”是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。
10.【答案】serve the economic development
“服务于……”即“为……服务”，所以要用serve sb./sth.的结构，不能译成be served to。“进程”也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，be subordinated to是一个固定结构，含义是“从属于……隶属于……”。
11.【答案】only to be told that she couldn’t come by then
本题考查对“only+不定式”结构的掌握。此结构相当于一个结果状语，意为“结果却……”，表示事情的发展与预料相反。如：He rushed all the way to the station only to miss the train.他一路奔跑赶到车站，可是车已经开走了。
12.【答案】in appearance but not in character
①in appearance表示“外表”，往往包括衣着，而looks 复数形式表示容貌，单数形式则表示“表情、神色”，尤指高兴时的表情;②in character表示“性格”。
13.【答案】than go on holiday to the seaside
①虚拟语气：than go on holiday表示“不如……”，其结构为：主语+would rather+动词谓语+than+动词原形，表示“宁可……”、“与其……不如(做)，不愿”。②on holiday 表示“度假”。③seaside表示“海滨”。
14.【答案】through facial expressions and by making noises
本题要注意介词的选择。同样是表示方法途径，前后的介词选择却有不同，考生要注意比较和记忆。
15.【答案】what really made me decide to buy it
本题考查对what引导的主语从句的掌握。根据句子结构，前半句是although引导的让步状语从句，而主句中只有系表结构，缺少主语，故需要翻译的部分应该是一个主语从句。
历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、
12月大学英语四级考试翻译题目 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不但被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，因此中餐既味美又健康。 Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skil l but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-look ing. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different place s of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to se ek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不论怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Info rmation Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not n ecessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of p eople think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern. "你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 "Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until th e 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of th e most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China b ut also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 中国结最初是由手工艺人创造的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换
英语四级翻译常用词汇：123个中文高频成语翻译 Automation 1502 YuDeyu 一、复习建议： 1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累 2. 广撒网，学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练 做这些单句训练时，先阅读1遍整个段落，专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子，然后重点练习这一句的翻译。难句会了，简单句自然不在话下。 在做单句翻译时，先尝试自己翻，翻完以后，对照答案，看解析，总结和揣摩其中好的 词汇和表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例，具体学习吧~ 1. 对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切 变得越来越困难。 参考译文：For most young people, marriage means s etting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices. 词汇点评： 组建家庭：set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。 越来越：一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more，比如“越来越多的人”more and more people，但译为 a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮；而表达“变 得越来越”的含义时，使用become increasingly的译法更好。 物价的不断上涨：constantly rising prices，而不是price rising。 表达点评： 本句是一个表转折关系的并列句，后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切……”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”，因此，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，让整个句子简洁明了。 使字句的翻译：“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的原因，因此处理为原因状 语，用because of…来带出原因。 2. 过去十年中国房地产（real estate）行业高速发展。 参考译文：The past decade has witnessed a high-speed development in China's real estate. 词汇点评： 十年：decade 高速发展：develop rapidly; high-speed development 表达点评：
2017年6月大学练习题13篇汇总 1.中国菜 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。 参考翻译: Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on
历年四级段落型翻译真题 Roger Li 2014年6月大学英语四级翻译 试卷一：中餐 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 译文： Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is viewed as not only a skill but also a form of art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredients vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 试卷二：信息技术 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 译文： As Chinese citizens are attaching increasing importance to the rapidly developing Information Technology, some colleges even set it as a compulsory course. In regard to this, people hold different opinions. Some people view it as unnecessary move, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Other thinks it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology arouses public concern. 试卷三：茶文化 "你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。译文： "Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners would choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 试卷四：中国结 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里
2016 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题及 答案 【篇一：2016 年12 月大学英语四级翻译作文题目及答 案】 翻译一： 在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋 友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把 它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快 乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水写中国人名被看 成是一种冒犯行为。 as a symbol of good luck, longevity and happiness in chinese culture, the color of red can be seen everywhere during springfestive and other festive/ joyous occasions. cash is usually put in red envelopes as gifts for relatives and close/intimate friends. also, red is much-welcomed / fashionable in china because of its association with chinese revolutions and the communist party. however, red does not always represent / equal to good luck and joy. red was previously used to write the names of the deceased so it is seen as an offence to write chinese people ’s names in red ink. 翻译二 随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘 在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在 中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住， 白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病 人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。 with the reform and opening-up of china, a great many young people nowadays prefer to hold western-style wedding: the bride wears white wedding gown because the color is considered to symbolize purity/is considered as the symbol of purity. however, in tradition chinese culture, white is often used on funerals. so, do bear in mind that white flowers should never be used as a gift to celebrate someone ’s recovery, especially not for the aged or those who are seriously ill.
2018年12月大学英语四级翻译真题汇总 【手机改变阅读方式】 由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人的速度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。他们现在经常在智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报刊。大量移动应用程序（apps）的开发使人们能用手机阅读小说和其他形式的文学作品。因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。但调查显示，尽管智能手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。（164字） In recent years, the number of Chinese smartphone users has been growing at an alarming rate as the result of the rapid development of communication networks. This has dramatically changed the ways of reading for many people. They now often read news and articles on their smartphones instead of buying traditional newspapers. The development of a large number of mobile apps enables people to read novels and other forms of literature works on their mobile phones. Therefore, the sale of paper books has been affected. But the survey indicates that, despite the steady growth of the mobile phone reading market, more than half of the adults still prefer to read paper books. 【手机改变支付方式】 过去几年里，移动支付市场在中国蓬勃发展。随着移动互联网的出现，手机购物逐渐成为一种趋势。18到30岁的年轻人构成了移动支付市场的最大群体。由于现在用手机付款很容易，许多消费者在购物时宁愿用手机付款，而不愿用现金或信用卡。为了鼓励人们多消费，
大学英语四级翻译模拟试题及答案 Test1 1. The soldier_______________________________(被指控逃跑)when the enemy attacked. 2. Had he worked harder, ____________________________________ (他就会通过考试). 3.In the U.S., 88% of smokers had started before they were 18, _____________________ ______________________(尽管他们知道贩卖香烟是违法的)to anyone under that age. 4.Ann never dreams of _________________________________(有机会把她送出国)very soon. 5._______________________________(考虑到所有的情况), the planned trip will have to be called off. Test2 1.Americans eat _____________________________(两倍的蛋白质)they actually need every day. 2.What he said just now ___________________________________(与正在讨论的问题没什 么关系). 3.Floods cause ___________________________________(上亿美元的财产损失)annually. 4. Many personnel manager say it is getting harder and harder to________________________ ______________________________（区分诚实的和不诚实的求职者）. 5. We agreed to accept _______________________________________(任何一个他们认为是 最好的导游). Test3 1._______________________________(直到天黑她才发现)it was too late to go home. 2.It is essential that _________________________________(这些申请表被送回)as early as possible. 3.It is important that the hotel receptionist ______________________________________ _______________(确信客人们已经正确的登记). 4.In recent years ________________________________________________________(工作重 点大多被放置在)developing the students’ productive skills. 5.The president promised to keep all the board members informed of_________________ _________________________(协商进行得怎样了). Test4 1. Eating too much fat can __________________________________(导致心脏病和高血压). 2. Not until the game had begun ___________________________________(他到达运动场). 3. Sometimes children have trouble ___________________________________(把现实和小说故事分开)and may believe that such things actually exist.
2019大学英语四级考试翻译试题（3） 1. In the budget for this building, they failed to __( 考虑价格增长的因素 ). 2. Only after I slapped him on the back ____( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来 ). 3. I didn ' t even speak to him, ____( 更不用说与他讨论事情 ). 4. Some young people would rather try hard themselves to go through life than _____( 求助于他们的父母 ) with a sense of guilt. 5. The victim _____( 本来有机会活下来 ) if he had been taken to hospital in time . 参考答案： 1. consider/take into account the factor of increasing price. 「超级单词」Take…… into account=take…… into consideration 把……考虑在内 2. did he notice me and shouted with happiness 「超级句型」这是only引起的半倒装句，only+强调内容+助动词+主语+谓语+其它 3. let alone discuss with him 「超级短语」let alone用作连词，译为"更不用说了" 4. turn to their parents
2 015年6月13日全国大学英语四级翻译真题及答案 大米 在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多数种植水稻，人们通常以大米为食；而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥，无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 In the mind of Westerners,Chinese people have the closest connection to rice,basic food for the Chinese.For a long time,rice occupies a very important position in the Chinese diet.There is even a saying that "even a clever housewife cannot cook a meal without rice".People in south China plant and live on rice,while people in the most parts of North China cannot plant rice due to excessively dry and cold weather. The main crop there is wheat. In China, some people use flour to bake bread,while most people make steamed bread and noodles with flour. xx 中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现代世界基础的许多元素起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济，并正经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划，其中包括到20年建成的一个太空站。目前，中国是世界最大的出口国之一，并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时，它也在海外投资数十亿美元。2011年，中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。 快递 据报道，今年中国快递服务（courier service）将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。仅在11月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
大学英语四级考试翻译题精选练习（39） 1.Thisisyet_________________(两国人民的又一个共同点). 2.Hisscientificworks_______________(在英语国家得到广泛阅读). 3.Revolutionmeanstheemancipationoftheproductiveforces，_____________(改革也是解放生产力). 4.Heisoptimistic________________(对现时信息产业的发展状况). 5.Workinallfieldsshouldbesubordinatedtoand________________(服务于经济发展的进程). 1.anothercommonpointbetweenthepeopleofourtwocountries 解析：本题考查通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是"共同点"是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一，再如：她以教书为业。(Sheisateacherbyoccupation.)我已重新考虑了那件事。(I'vehadsecondthoughtonthatmatter.) 2.werewidelyreadinEnglish-speakingcountries 解析：若是按照字面翻译，这句话很可能被译为werewidelyreadinEnglishcountries。但是原文中"英语国家"的含义是"讲英语的国家"。这体现了英汉表达差异。请考生看下面这句话的英译：我卖掉了彩电。/IsoldoutmycolorTV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清"彩电"的含义。"彩电"有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机colorTVset;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视colorTV。而句子中卖掉的只能是机器，具体的实物。 3.andsodoesreform 解析：本题意为：革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。考点有二：第一，考查词性转移。原文中"解放"用作动词，"生产力"作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语"对生产力的解放"。第二，考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成andreformalsomeanstheemancipationoftheproductiveforces，这种结构显得臃肿累赘。为避免重复，可以选用andsodoes...来代替这个动宾结构。 4.aboutthepresentdevelopmentofinformationindustry 解析："对......表示乐观"可以用句型beoptimisticaboutsth.。这句话不能译成aboutthestatusofthepresentdevelopmentofinformationindustry。"状况"是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。 5.servetheeconomicdevelopment 解析："服务于......"即"为......服务"，所以要用servesb./sth.的结构，不能译成beservedto。"进程"也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，besubordinatedto是一个固定结构，含义是"从属于......，隶属于......"。 声明：此资源由本人收集整理于网络，只用于交流学习，请勿用作它途。如有侵权，请联系，删除处理。
今年考的三套翻译题均是跟中国的公共交通相关的内容，介绍了公交车、飞机、地铁服务的提升，以及市民生活水平的提高。展现了我国社会的发展和人民幸福水平的提升。 交通方式这一话题是考生日常所熟知的，也比较贴近考生的生活，词汇对于考生来说不是问题，“公交车”、“航空”等都是小学初中就接触到的词汇，但是需要考生去积累一些组合词汇，例如：“私家车private car”、“老年市民senior citizens”等。 对段落内容的理解也不是难事，毕竟交通方式是生活中老生常谈的话题，主要的难点在于一些固定的句式和搭配，例如“随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高”是考生耳熟能详的“万金油”句式。 诸如此类句式还有：“曾是……used to be…”、“越来越……more and more…”这些表达应该是考生在平时的学习中慢慢积累的。 此外，时态语态也是考生容易出错的点，由于汉语和英语表达习惯的不同，汉语中不常用被动，或者即使表达被动的意思也不会体现在句式上，例如：“公交车设施不断更新”，从字面并没有任何提示是被动，但语义的理解却带有被动的含义，翻译成英语时一定要体现出“be+过去分词”的结构。 又如“许多城市……一直努力……”,需要判断，这个动作发生在过去的某个时间节点，一直持续，并还可能持续下去，最后确定此处应选用现在完成进行时，在平时的学习中，应理解每种时态对应的情况，才能更加贴切地表达出原文所要传达的意思 句子的语序调整仍值得考生注意。时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语和方式状语仍然是重要的考点，一般情况下都要后置。 其次是句型的变化。注意运用被动语态(从中英文语用习惯以及动词发出者的逻辑主语去改句子)、插入语(例如，“包括许多农民和外出务工人员”)、there be 句型(非人主语+有/存在。例如，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁)和It为形式主语的句子(例如，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的)进行改句，防止句式单一。 过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。 In the past, travelling by airplane was unimaginable for most Chinese.
大学英语四级翻译练习 1. The substance does not dissolve in water ________________________ (不管是否加热). 2. Not only ________________________ (他向我收费过高),but he didn't do a good repair job either. 3. Your losses in trade this year are nothing ________________________ (与我的相比). 4. On average, it is said, visitors spend only ________________________ (一半的钱),in a day in Leeds as in London. 5. By contrast, American mothers were more likely ________________________ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ________ (找到去历史博物馆的路). 88. ________ (为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 89. The professor required that ________ (我们交研究报告)。 90. The more you explain, ________ (我愈糊涂). 91. Though a skilled worker, ________ (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis. Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to ________ (适应不同文化中的生活). 88. Since my childhood I have found that ________ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力). 89. The victim ________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 90. Some psychologists claim that people ________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独). 91. The nation's population continues to rise ________ (以每年1200万人的速度). 5 / 1 Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 87. The finding of this study failed to ________________________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). 88. The prevent and treatment of AIDS is ________________________ (我们可以合作的领域). 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete ________________________ (决定退出比赛). 90. To make donations
大学英语四级考试翻译提高练习 第一部分翻译——核心语法 1.各种从句的用法 下面通过总结归纳来进一步探讨历年四级翻译对各类从句的考查情况。 (1)主语从句 真题：__________(很多人没有意识到的)is providing the best education possible for their children.(2009.6) 答案：What many people don’t realize. (2)宾语从句 真题：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life__________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.(2007.12) 答案：is measured by how much they can loan. (3)表语从句 真题：In my sixties, one change I notice is that__________(我比以前更容易累了).(2007.12) 答案：I am more likely to get tired than before (4)定语从句 真题：Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems__________(他们至今还没有答案)(2008.12) 答案：(that/which)they haven’t found solution to或to which they haven’t found solution 真题：__________(与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.(2008.6) 答案：Compared with the place where I grew up 真题：The prevention and treatment of AIDS is __________(我们可以合.(2007.6) 答案：the field where(in which)we can cooperate (5)状语从句 真题：Leaving one’s job, __________(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.(2008.6) 答案：whatever it is(让步状语从句) 真题：I am going to pursue this course, __________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).(2007.12) 答案：no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make(让步状语从句) 真题：Some psychologists claim that people ______(出门在外时可能会感到孤独)(2006.12) 答案：may feel lonely when they are away from home(时间状语从句) 【真题】__________(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.(2008.12) 【解析】本题考查对主语从句的掌握。汉语中“所关心的”实际上是指“所关心的事情”，用英语表达则使用what引导的从句。What在主语从句中作介词的宾语。“关心”可以用be concerned about表达。 【答案】What most parents are concerned about