2011年全国中学生英语能力竞赛山东赛区决赛高中组试题
注意事项：
1.本题共 11页，计150分。答题时间为120分钟。
2.答题前将答题纸密封线以上的项目填写清楚。
3.答题时可先用钢笔或圆珠笔在试题上作答，然后将答案抄到答题纸上。
4.考试结束后将试题和答题纸一并交上。
Section 1 Listening Comprehension Test (50 points)
Part 1 In this part you will hear ten short dialogues. After you hear a dialogue, read the question and four choices, and then choose the best answer to the question. The dialogue will be read only once. After each dialogue, you have ten seconds to choose the answer and read the next item. (10 points)
1. What happened to Nancy ?
A. She couldn’t find the way back to her hotel.
B. She has forgot her room number.
C. She didn’t bring her camera with her.
D. She wanted to borrow a camera from her friend.
2. Why did the man say that he traveled all around the world?
A. He visited several foreign countries.
B. He left China during his holiday.
C. He had a nice holiday by traveling.
D. He went to the Windows of the World.
3. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man bought two new books.
B. The woman bought the books at a low price.
C. A membership card must be needed to buy the books.
D. The woman was given an invoice with the name of the company.
4. What did the man want to do?
A. He wanted to live in the new house.
B. He tried to make the woman believe the new house was big enough.
C. He wanted to sell the house to the woman.
D. He wanted to show the woman his new house.
5. What happened to Cousin Kitty?
A. She fell off her bike.
B. She put away her bike.
C. She wanted to ride a bike.
D. She got hurt.
6. Why does the woman sound a little worried?
A. Her daughter was waiting for her at home.
B. She has been out of the shop for nearly an hour.
C. Dave failed to meet her at the right time.
D. She is waiting for Dave to help her to close the shop.
7.What are the man and woman talking about in the dialogue?
A.They are making a family planning.
B.They are talking about how to be a president.
C. They are making a plan for their own company.
D. They are talking about their plans for the future.
8. What is the man’s change if he pays 50 yuan for his order?
A. 18.50 yuan.
B. 16.50 yuan.
C. 7.50 yuan.
D. 27.50 yuan.
9. What did the man do in the shop?
A. He looked at the store window and came in.
B. He took out his camera and began taking pictures.
C. He bought a pencil and a notebook.
D. He borrowed a pencil and wrote something in his notebook.
10. What is the teacher asking her students to do in the class?
A. To tell their own stories one by one.
B. To listen to her carefully about the English study methods.
C. To say something about the methods to improve the listening skills.
D. To listen to English songs and watch English movies.
Part Two In this part you are going to hear three conversations. Each conversationwill be readonly once. Listen to the conversation carefully and then choose the best answers to the questions thatfollow. You will have 10 seconds to look through the question and mark the answer. (15 points)
Conversation one
11. What are the man and woman mainly talking about in the conversation?
A. P eoples’ future resources in the world.
B. Earthquakes that happened in the world.
C. The safety of the nuclear energy.
D. The resource crisis of the earth in future.
12. Why does the man think the nuclear energy is our best hope for the future?
A. The nuclear reactors are clean and safe.
B. The oil and gas resources in the world are running out.
C. The nuclear power plants can produce more electricity than oil and gas.
D. Strong earthquakes do not often happen, so the nuclear power plants are safe.
13. What does the “eye to eye” mean in the sentence “I guess we just don’t see eye to eye when it
comes to nuclear energy.”?
A. It means “keep an eye on the same problem”.
B. It means “have the same opinion about something”.
C. It means “discuss a problem face to face”.
D. It means “hold different opinions on something”.
Conversation Two
14. What are the man and woman looking for in the newspaper?
A. The best prices for ads.
B. The best prices for plane tickets.
C. The timetable for the flights.
D. The ads for traveling.
15. Why are they going to buy the Airquick Airlines tickets?
A. The tickets for first class are cheap.
B. The service on the Airlines is good.
C. They can buy two with one free.
D. They don’t have to pay soon.
16. Why does the man say “Don’t worry ” to the woman?
A.Because he is sure to tell the truth to the public.
B.Because he believes what the ads say is true.
C.Because he is sure they will have the right tickets.
D.Because she is never told a lie before.
Conversation Three
17.How long is the woman going to leave before she comes back to her office?
A. Five weeks.
B. About two months.
C. Four months.
D. About five months.
18.What are the man and woman going to do during their trip?
A. They are going to travel around the world.
B. They are going to offer help in different countries.
C. They are going to spend their holidays in Asia first.
D. They are going to do some sight-seeing in Africa.
19.Why does the man want to go to Africa?
A. There are many beautiful countries in Africa.
B. The climate there is very pleasant.
C. People in some Africa countries have no enough food or water.
D. He wants to visit a lot of old towns there.
20. Which of the following is the right order that the man and the woman have
planned to do in America?
①To got the areas affected by the forest fires.
②To go to the towns hit by the wind and rain.
③To replant some new trees.
④To help the children who lost their families.
⑤To help the people to rebuild their home.
A. ①→③→②→④→⑤
B. ②→③→①→⑤→④
C. ②→⑤→④→①→③
D. ③→②→①→④→⑤
Part Three In this part you’ll hear three short passages. After each passage you will be asked a few questions. Choose the best answers. The passages will be read only once. Y ou will have ten seconds for looking through each question and marking the answer. (15 points) Passage One
21. Why is it not an easy job to be a London taxi driver?
A. He must be very skillful at driving a car on a loneliest street.
B. He has to follow the traffic lights when driving along a highway.
C. He should know all the signs for hotels and restaurants in the city.
D. He needs to have a good knowledge of the city of London.
22. Why do London taxi drivers sometimes try to make more runs?
A. They want to make more money.
B. T hey prefer to work for themselves.
C. T hey want to help more passengers.
D. T hey are used to working deep into the night.
23. How do London taxi drivers “give”?
A. They give the poor children a lunch party at the sea each summer.
B. They give poor children the chance to meet the mayor.
C. They pay for some poor children’s rides for a day’s tour each summer.
D. They play with some poor children at the sea for a day each summer.
Passage Two
24. When did Gloria get her first job?
A．A few years before college．
B．Several years after college．
C．When she was studying at college．
D．When she was working in the TV station．
25. In which part-time job did Gloria feel the happiest?
A．Cleaning in the hotel．
B．Selling books in the bookstore．
C．Serving coffee in the student union．
D．Making maps for the Forest Service．
26. How did Gloria help the child get the operation he needed?
A．Her boss agreed to raise money．
B．She paid for the operation herself．
C．She allowed the boy to show on TV．
D．Her news report affected some doctors．
27. What particularly gives Gloria the feeling of pride?
A．Helping people through her work．
B．Reporting interesting stories．
C．Being able to do different jobs well．
D．Paying for her college education herself．
Passage Three
28. Why did Mr Johnson say that he would have a long night?
A. Because he didn't know the routes.
B. Because no driver would give him a ride.
C. Because he perhaps would have to take a taxi.
D. Because he wondered how long he had to wait for the next bus.
29. Why did Mr Johnson change his mind after waiting 30 minutes?
A. He got tired and worried.
B. No bus would come at the time.
C. A taxi ride would be more comfortable.
D. He knew the driver would never return.
30. What can we learn from the story?
A. The bus driver drove Mr Johnson home in the bus.
B. The bus driver helped people who once helped her.
C. The bus driver told Mr Johnson to help other people as she did.
D. Mr Johnson gave the bus driver some money for her help in the end.
Part Four In this part you’ll have a spot dictation. Listen to the passage twice, then fill in the blanks with what you have heard. (10 points)
I think one of the most importantfactorsin 31__________ whether or not I'll like a subject is theteacher. The right teacher can makeyou look 32 ____________ to a class, just as abad teacher can make you dreadcoming to school. 33 ____________, at myschool, the bad ones far outnumberthe 34________ teachers, butevery so often you come across a gem. Really good teachers are usually popular with most ofthe kids, and everyone is always tryingto get into their classes.
To me, a good teacher is someonewho likes the subject he's teaching, aswell as enjoys working with his students. That type of teacher keeps upwith all the 35____________ in his field,and makes learning interesting andfun. The teacher I had for music lastyear was really terrific. Hegot36____________ to take our class on atrip to an actual recording37____________ . We made a record, and although itwas never sold to a 38 ____________label,it was played at two school 39 ____________as well as a localdance. It mayeven take off yet-------- who knows? Ilearned a lot about music in that classand really had a good time.
Most kids think that it's importantfor a teacher to be fair. You can lookup to a teacher who's fair, even if youdon't get a top grade in the class. Atleast you know that you've 40 ____________whatever grade you 41 ____________. But a lotof teachers aren't fair, and that's trueeven for some of the ones who thinkthat they are.
Several of the teachers don't seemat ease with 42 ____________ groupkids. They try too hard.
A few of thewhite teachers 43 ____________ Black HistoryMonth more rigorouslythan our black faculty members. They44 ____________ stressblackpride and so openly gush over their black students that it's obvious that they're 45 ____________ someof the black kids. Sonia, one of myblack friends, says that she hatescoming to school in February (BlackHistory Month) because she doesn'tenjoy being made the center of 46 ____________.
Other teachers are even worse.These are the ones who seem to betotally 47 ____________ of how theycome across. They have their obviousfavorites in class whoreceive special 48 ____________. Usually theytend to like the better looking,well-dressed kids, but sometimes theymay react to a student personally-------like when a teacher is partial toa particular girl because that student49 ____________ her daughter.
Once a teacher stops seeing hisstudents 50 ____________, it becomes nearly impossible for him toremain fair and impartialinclass. A teacher is supposed to use hisskills to help a student learn, insteadof using a young person to build uphis ego. It is hard for me to respect a teacher, or anyone for thatmatter, who is unfair. And it's equallydifficult to learn anything from a person whom you don't respect.
Section II Reading Comprehension Test (50 points)
Read the following passages and choose the best answers.
A
A new type of Internet and e-mail fraud is posing major problems for people who rely on the Internet for business and banking transactions. The troublemakers are known as "phishers"----- pronounced "fishers." Phishers steal information from innocent people by pretending to be Internet Service Providers or ISPs. These are the people who legally connect you to the Internet and have a right to know your passwords, credit card numbers, and other secret information. Phishers don't have a right to this information, but when unsuspecting Internet users get a message from a phisher, they often give them their secret codes and numbers. The phisher can then create chaos by emptying the victim's bank accounts and charging up massive debts on their credit cards. Sometimes phishers go to great lengths to get information, using computer worms to infect many e-mail addresses. In their e-mails, phishers falsely pose as online businesses.
Phishers have only turned up in the last two years, but now they have unleashed their criminal activity in North America, Europe, Russia, and parts of Asia. A few of the culprits are malicious students or individuals trying to get rich at the expense of others. However, the FBI and other law enforcement organizations perceive that most phishers are actually part of criminal groups. They worry because bank fraud and e-mail fraud are increasing at a rapid rate. They urge everyone to be alert for illegal phishers who try to pass themselves off as Internet Service Providers. Being phished is one experience you won't mind missing out on.
51. How do phishers get secret information?
A. Credit card companies hire them.
B. Online businesses use them.
C. They are employed by banks.
D. They pass themselves off as ISPs.
52. How would a victim of a phisher feel?
A. Aghast.
B. Devastated.
C. Magnificent.
D. Malicious.
53. Where have phishers emerged?
A. Only in the Internet Service Providers.
B. In the bank accouts.
C. In some business and information centers.
D. In several parts of the world.
54. What does the FBI believe?
A. Some ill students cause most of the problems.
B. A few phishers and victims are not innocent businesspeople.
C. Most phishers are organized criminals.
D. This type of fraud will vanish into thin air.
55. What was the purpose of this passage?
A. To give a warning to the innocents.
B. To tell how the police could detect the fraud.
C. To describe some criminal and isolated behavior.
D. To stop spreading malicious gossip.
B
The idea that someone or something can be cursed is as old as cultureitself. In fairy tales a curse was called a magic spell and was usually castby a wicked old witch. Some people believe that curses can be placed onothers by casting spells, or by chanting certain words. A curse is said
tobring bad luck or even death tothe person it has been put on. In real life aperson mayaccidentally have had a series of misfortunes, and he will besaid to have been cursed. The saying that luck, good or bad, comes inthrees is still believed by Western-educated people. There is, however, noscientific evidence that curses have been the cause of any harm.
Ancient peoples were afraid to walk under ladders because theythought that gods lived in the triangle-shaped space underneath. Forsomeone to walk through a sacred place like this was very disrespectful tothe gods. This is because early Christians considered the ladder a symbolof wickedness. Rememberthata ladder had led Christ to his death. Todaysome superstitious people avoid walking under ladders for fear of badluck. The thought that walking under ladders brings about bad luck alsoexists among those who are not superstitious because some clumsy personat the top might drop something on them!
Onemore superstition is about a horseshoe. Have you ever been toldthat it's lucky to find a horseshoes? This belief comes from 4th-centuryGreece. Ahorseshoe is crescent-shaped like the new moon, which was asymbol of good luck. Also horseshoesare made of iron, which was thoughtto be able to keep evil spirits away.A horseshoe nailed over a doorwaysupposedly kept evil spiritsfrom entering the house. For extra protection,it was said the horseshoe must be fixed with the ends pointing up, or allthe good luck would drain out of it.
Horseshoes are hard to find today, but good luck still keeps cominginto ordinary families. The question why some people are still superstitious could be explainedby the fact that modern science and technology is not so advanced as to beable to account for everything in the boundless universe.
56. A curse is ________.
A. an old culture
B. a word, a phrase or a sentence
C. a bad witch
D. a magic technology
57. A curse is believed to ________.
A. bring good luck and make a lot of money
B. make people keep away from harm
C. bring sickness or misfortune
D. be first used by the Egyptians
58. Walking under ladders means ________ to ancient people.
A. you might be injured by something falling down
B. you walk through gods' bedroom
C. you don't show respect to gods
D. you make gods ill and unhealthy
59. All the stories about the horseshoe are ________.
A. true but unbelievable
B. strange but believable
C. a result of superstition
D. for those who ride horses
60. From the passage we know ________.
A. people don't know the universe well enough
B. cursing is as old as the earth itself
C. good luck doesn't exist any longer because horseshoes are hard to findnowadays
D. modern science and technology is so advanced today that nothing isunknown to humans
C
Thinking about going to a casino to play roulette and win a lot ofmoney? There's something you should know before you bet. It's muchmore likely that the casino will win than you will.
The roulette wheel is divided into 38 numbered slots. Two ofthese slots are green, 18 are red, and 18 are black. To begin theround, the wheel is spun and a ball is dropped onto its outside edge.When the wheel stops, the ball drops into 1 of the 38 slots.
Players bet on which slot they believe the ball will land in. If youbet your money that the ball will land in any of the 18 red slots, yourchances of winning are 18 out of 38. If you bet your money on acertain number, such as the red slot numbered with a 10, yourchances of winning drop to 1 in 38.
Both you and the people who own the casino are gambling -----playing the odds ----- but the odds that the casino owner will win aremuch greater than the odds that you will win. In fact, themathematics of probability guarantee that the owners of the roulettewheel will make money with that wheel, even if they don't win everytime. This is no accident of fate. It's the way the game is constructed.
Remember those colored slots? There are 18 each of the red andblack slots. There are also 2 green slots. Whenever the ball lands in 1of those green slots, the house wins everything that was bet on thatround. So again, let's say you bet that the ball will land in a red slot(or, for that matter, a black slot). This is the safest possible bet inroulette, since the odds are 18 out of 38 that you'll win.
If you spend day after day at the roulette table, you willconsistently lose over time. But for any given night, the outcome ofyour bets is much less predictable. You might beat the odds and takehome a pocketful of cash, or you might lose fistfuls of money. Thecasino is not taking any chances, though. The odds make it certainthat, over time, the casino will consistently turn a profit.
61. You can bet on all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A. a green slot
B. the red slot numbered a 5
C. any of the black slots
D. any of the red slots
62. The odds that the owner of a casino will win are greater thanyours because ________.
A. the owner has much more gambling experience
B. the owner knows the mathematics of probability
C. the way the roulette wheel is constructed favors the owner
D. you tend to bet the least safe bet
63. It can be inferred that a casino owner's least chances ofwinning are ________.
A. 1 out of 38
B. 2 out of 38
C. 18 out of 38
D. 20 out of 38
64. The underlined phrase "beat the odds" (paragraph 6) means ________.
A. bet on small chances
B. bet a safe bet
C. lose because of bad luck
D. be lucky
65. The message contained in the passage would be most valuableto which of the following
persons?
A. A casino owner who run several big casinos.
B. A person who has a strongbelief in casino laws.
C. A college student majoringin mathematical probability.
D. A gambler who tries to make a living by frequenting a casino.
D
When did you last visit a shopping mall? In many places, the answer would be "last weekend." Some people goeven more often. Why? For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one place: food,clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services.
People also go to socialize and be with theirfriends. So, are malls one of the highlights of modem civilization? Environmental activists would say NO! Theywould go even further and say that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They accuseconsumers ofignorance of the side effect of their shopping----- urban sprawl.
Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a great deal in the last halfcentury. Prior to 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took publictransportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or isolated villages andcame into town only when they needed things they couldn't produce themselves. If you gazed at the landscapeyou would see towns surrounded by countryside. Then a massive change occurred.
Automobiles became affordable and people were quick to adopt them. Now ambitious workers could liveoutside the urban areas and commute whether they worked in a factory or in business. Whole families moved tothe suburbs, the areas just outside cities, which started to grow rapidly. As long as there was lots of cheap land inthe suburbs, no one paid much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and cardealerships spread out in large, flat buildings. These one-story buildings and their parking lots took up a great
dealofspace.Well-meaning farmers thought they were better off selling their land than growing crops. In ignorance,no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land would be ruined forever. There was no way to preserve it.
Only in recent years have people come to mourn the old way of life as they have developed insight into theproblems of unconditional growth. Now people realize that urban sprawl has come with serious environmentalproblems. The negative aspects of sprawl include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams,and the death of businesses in the old town centers. Many scholars think the time has come to analyze theproblems better so we can developappropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to doit is to educatecitizens about their priceless environment.
66. What is the best title for the whole passage?
A. Urban Sprawl
B. Weekend Fun
C. New Automobiles
D. Isolated Villages
67. Who do activists blame for environmental problems?
A. The endangered animals.
B. The shopping mall owners.
C. The unthinking shoppers.
D. The ambitious farmers.
68. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. Farmers were well-meaning.
B. Massive buildings are ugly.
C. Cars brought about changes.
D. Fast food is not healthy.
69. What do scholars think should be done about urban sprawl?
A. Understand the situation better.
B. Follow customary policies.
C. Start schools in shopping malls.
D. Charge polluters a lot of money.
70. Which of the following is true?
A. One hundred years ago, most workers commuted to work from rural areas.
B. Buildings took up a lot of space because land was cheap.
C. Farmers sold their land because they wanted to retire in the city.
D. According to this reading, businesses in cities have continued to grow.
E
Consciously or unconsciously, we all haveprivate pictures of the people who answer tocertain names. Jackie could be sophisticatedand beautiful, like Jackie Kennedy, or fat and funny, likeJackie Gleason. These pictures come from personalexperience as well as from the images we absorb fromthe mass media and thus may conflict in interestingways. Marilyn may be thepersonification ofvoluptuous femininity until you think of yourneighbor who fetches the mail in a ratty bathrobe, withcurlers in her hair and a cigarette dangling out of hermouth.
Over the years researchers have been fascinated bythe "real" meanings of names and their effects on theirbearers. Studies indicate that people actually tend toagree on each name's characteristics.
If people think of Mallory as cute and likable, doesthat influence a girl named Mallory to become cuteand likable? Experts agree that names don't guaranteeinstant success or condemn people to certain failure,but they do affect self-images,influence relationshipswith others, and help (or hinder) success in work and school.
Researcher S. Gray Garwood conducted a study of sixth graders in New Orleans. He found that students given names that were popular with teachers scored higher in skills tests, were better adjusted and more consistent in their self-perceptions, were more realistic in their evaluations of themselves, and more frequently expected to attain their goals---- even though their goals were more ambitious than ones set by their peers.
In San Diego, research suggested that average essays by Davids, Michaels, Karens, and Lisas got better grades than average essays written by Elmers, Huberts, Adelles, and Berthas. The reason? Teachers expected kids with popular names to do better, and thus they assigned higher grades to those kids in a self-fulfilling prophecy.
The name you select for your baby is likely to be that child's "label" for a lifetime. It is important to consider how that name will be perceived by others before making your final choice.
71. When we hear a person's name before we meet the person,_________.
A. we rarely imagine what that person will look like
B. we often imagine the person will be much better looking than the person is
C. we often have a pictureof what that person willlook like
D. we sometime have a feeling that we know the person well
72. From passage we know ________.
A. the pictures about Jackie Kennedy and Jackie Gleason come from the radio or TV stations
B. Marilyn is one of the writer’s the neighbors who looks fat with curly hair
C. The image about certain person has close relations with the experience you get from life
D．Marilyn wears a bathrobe to fetch her mails herself every morning
73. According to passage, studies on the meanings of names has showed that _______.
A. Each name has its own special meaning
B. names influence the name bearers in several ways
C. a good name is surely to bring success to the person
D. Mallory becomes a cute and likeable girl because of her name
74. The writer of this passage thinks ________.
A.you should give your child a short name that is easy to memorize
B. you should carefully consider the consequences of any name you give your child
C. you should give your child an unusual name which will impress others deeply
D. you should give good names to your children if you want them to succeed
省2020 年普通高中学业水平等级考试(模拟卷) 一、单项选择题：本题共8 小题，每小题3 分，共24 分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1．2019 年是世界上首次实现元素人工转变100 周年。1919 年，卢瑟福用氦核轰击氮原子 核，发现产生了另一种元素，该核反应方程可写为：414m 2 2e 78n H +N X+Y →。以下判断正确 的是 A ．m =16，n =1 B ．m =17，n =1 C ．m =16，n =0 D ．m =17，n =0 2．如图所示，水平放置的封闭绝热气缸，被一锁定的绝热活塞分为体积相等的a 、b 两部分。 已知a 部分气体为1mol 氧气，b 部分气体为2mol 氧气，两部分气体温度相等，均可视为 理想气体。解除锁定，活塞滑动一段距离后，两部分气体各自再次达到平衡态时，它们的 体积分别为V a 、V b ，温度分别为T a 、T b 。下列说确的是 A ．V a >V b ，T a >T b B ．V a >V b ，T a
山东省2016年冬季普通高中学业水平考试 数学试题 第I 卷（共６0分) 一、选择题(本大题共20个小题，每小题3分，共60分） 1.已知全集{}c b a U ,,=，集合{}a A =，则=A C U ( ） A. {}b a , Ｂ. {}c a , C. {}c b , D ． {}c b a ,, 2.已知0sin <θ，0cos >θ,那么θ的终边在( ) A.第一象限 Ｂ． 第二象限 C. 第三象限 D.第四象限 3.若实数第3，a ,5成等差数列,则a 的值是（ ） A. 2 B. 3 C ． 4 D. 15 4.图像不经过第二象限的函数是（ ) Ａ． x y 2= B.x y -= C. 2 x y = Ｄ. x y ln = ５.数列1， 32，53，74,9 5 ，…的一个通项公式是=n a ( ) A. 12+n n B. 12-n n Ｃ. 32+n n Ｄ. 3 2-n n 6．已知点)4,3(A ,)1,1(-B ，则线段AB 的长度是( ） A. 5 B. 25 Ｃ. 29 D ． 29 ７.在区间]4,2[-内随机取一个实数,则该实数为负数的概率是（ ） A. 32 B. 21 C. 31 D. 4 1 8．过点)2,0(A ，且斜率为1-的直线方程式( ） A.02=++y x B.02=-+y x C ．02=+-y x D.02=--y x ９．不等式0)1(<+x x 的解集是( ） A.{}01|<<-x x B ．{}0,1|>- 山东省2010年高中学业水平考试 数学知识点总结 老师的话： 同学们，学业水平考试快到了！如何把数学复习好？老师告诉你：回到课本中去！ 翻开课本，可以重温学习的历程，回忆学习的情节，知识因此被激活，联想由此而产生。课本是命题的依据，学业水平考试试题难度不大，大多是在课本的基础上组合加工而成的。因此，离开书本的复习是无源之水，那么如何运用课本呢？复习不是简单的重复，你们应做到以下6点： 1、在复习每一专题时，必须联系课本中的相应部分。不仅要弄懂课本 提供的知识和方法，还要弄清定理、公式的推导过程和例题的求解过程，揭示例、习题之间的联系及变换 2、在做训练题时，如果遇到障碍，应有查阅课本的习惯，通过课本查 明我们在知识和方法上的缺陷，尽可能把问题回归为课本中的例题和习题 3、在复习训练的过程中，我们会积累很多解题经验和方法，其中不少 是规律性的东西，要注意从课本中探寻这些经验、方法和规律的依据 4、注意在复习的各个环节，既要以课本为出发点，又要不断丰富课本 的内涵，揭示课本内涵与试题之间的联系 5、关于解题的表达方式，应以课本为标准。很多复习资料中关键步骤 的省略、符号的滥用、语言的随意性和图解法的泛化等，都是不可 取的，就通过课本来规范 6、注意通过对课本题目改变设问方式、增加或减少变动因素和必要的引申、推广来扩大题目的训练功能。现行课本一般是常规解答题，应从选择、填空、探索等题型功能上进行思考，并从背景、现实、来源等方面加以解释 必修一 一、集合 1. 对于集合，一定要抓住集合的代表元素，及元素的“确定性、互异性、无序性”。 {}{}{}如：集合，，，、、A x y x B y y x C x y y x A B C ======|lg |lg (,)|lg 中元素各表示什么？ 2. 进行集合的交、并、补运算时，不要忘记集合本身和空集的特殊情况。? 注重借助于数轴和文氏图解集合问题。 空集是一切集合的子集，是一切非空集合的真子集。 3 注意下列性质： {}（）集合，，……，的所有子集的个数是；1212a a a n n （）若，；2A B A B A A B B ??== 4. 你会用补集思想解决问题吗？（排除法、间接法） 5. 一元一次不等式的解法：已知关于x 的不等式0)32()(<-++b a x b a 的 解集为)3 1,(--∞，则关于x 的不等式0)2()3(>-+-a b x b a 的解集为_______（答：{|3}x x <-） 6. 一元二次不等式的解集：解关于x 的不等式：01)1(2<++-x a ax 。 （答：当0a =时，1x >；当0a <时，1x >或1x a <；当01a <<时，11x a <<；当1a =时，x ∈?；当1a >时，1 1x a <<） 7. 对于方程02=++c bx ax 有实数解的问题。（1）()()222210a x a x -+--<对一切R x ∈恒成立，则a 的取值范围是_______（答：(1,2]）；（2）若在 [0,]2 π 内有两个不等的实根满足等式cos 221x x k =+，则实数k 的 范围是_______.（答：[0,1)） 二、函 数 1．映射：注意 ①第一个集合中的元素必须有象；②一对一，或多对 山东省２0１5年1２月普通高中学业水平考试 数学试题 本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第ＩＩ卷（非选择题)两部分，共4页。满分100分，考试限定用时９0分钟。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考籍号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I 卷(共60分） 注意事项: 每小题选出答案后,用２Ｂ铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不涂在答题卡上，只答在试卷上无效。 一、选择题(本大题共２0个小题，每小题3分,共60分． 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) ｌ． 已知集合{}1,2A =,{}2,3B =，则A B = A. {}2 B ． {}1,2 C. {}2,3 D. {}1,2,3 ２. 图象过点(0,1)的函数是 A. 2 x y = B ． 2log y x = C. 1 2 y x = D. 2y x = 3. 下列函数为偶函数的是 A. sin y x =. B. cos y x = C. tan y x = D ． sin 2y x = ４. 在空间中,下列结论正确的是 A.三角形确定一个平面 B ．四边形确定一个平面 C ．一个点和一条直线确定一个平面 D ．两条直线确定一个平 面 5. 已知向量(1,2),(1,1)a b =-=，则a b = A ． 3 B ．2 C ． 1 D ． 0 ６． 函数()sin cos f x x x =的最大值是 A.14 B.12 C ． 3 D ． 1 7. 某学校用系统抽样的方法,从全校500名学生中抽取50名做问卷调查,现将５00名学生编号为1,２,3,…，500,在1~１０中随机抽地抽取一个号码，若抽到的是3号,则从11~20中应抽取的号码是 A. 14 B. 13 C. 12 D ． 11 8． 圆心为(3,1),半径为5的圆的标准方程是 Ａ. 22(3)(1)5x y +++= B. 22(3)(1)25x y +++= C ． 22(3)(1)5x y -+-= Ｄ． 22(3)(1)25x y -+-=４ 9. 某校100名学生数学竞赛成绩的频率分布直方图如图所示,成绩分组区间是： [50,60),[60,70),[70,80),[80,90),[90,100], 则该次数学成绩在[50,60)内的人数为 A. 20 Ｂ. 15 C. 10 D ． 6 10. 在等比数列{}n a 中,232,4a a ==,则该数列的前4项和为 A ． 15 B. 12 Ｃ. 10 D. 6 11. 设,,a b c R ∈，且a b >，则下列不等式成立的是 A. 22a b > B. 22 ac bc > Ｃ. a c b c +>+ D. 1 山东省及年月普通高中学业水平考试(会考)数学试题及答案 ————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期： 山东省2015年12月普通高中学业水平考试 数学试题 本试卷分第I 卷（选择题）和第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共4页。满分100分，考试限定用时90分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考籍号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I 卷（共60分） 注意事项： 每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不涂在答题卡上，只答在试卷上无效。 一、选择题（本大题共20个小题，每小题3分，共60分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的） l. 已知集合{}1,2A =，{}2,3B =，则A B =U A. {}2 B. {}1,2 C. {}2,3 D. {}1,2,3 2. 图象过点(0,1)的函数是 A. 2 x y = B. 2log y x = C. 12 y x = D. 2y x = 3. 下列函数为偶函数的是 A. sin y x =. B. cos y x = C. tan y x = D. sin 2y x = 4. 在空间中，下列结论正确的是 A.三角形确定一个平面 B.四边形确定一个平面 C.一个点和一条直线确定一个平面 D.两条直线确定一个平面 5. 已知向量(1,2),(1,1)a b =-=，则a b =g A. 3 B.2 C. 1 D. 0 6. 函数()sin cos f x x x =的最大值是 A.1 4 B.12 C. 32 D. 1 7. 某学校用系统抽样的方法，从全校500名学生中抽取50名做问卷调查，现将500名学生编号为1，2，3，…，500，在1~10中随机抽地抽取一个号码，若抽到的是3号，则从11~20中应抽取的号码是 A. 14 B. 13 C. 12 D. 11 8. 圆心为(3,1)，半径为5的圆的标准方程是 A. 22(3)(1)5x y +++= B. 22(3)(1)25x y +++= C. 22(3)(1)5x y -+-= D. 22(3)(1)25x y -+-= 4 9. 某校100名学生数学竞赛成绩的频率分布直方图如图所示，成绩分组区间是： [50,60),[60,70),[70,80),[80,90),[90,100]， 则该次数学成绩在[50,60)内的人数为 A. 20 B. 15 C. 10 D. 6 10. 在等比数列{}n a 中，232,4a a ==，则该数列的前4项和为 A. 15 B. 12 C. 10 D. 6 11. 设,,a b c R ∈，且a b >，则下列不等式成立的是 A. 22a b > B. 22ac bc > C. a c b c +>+ D. 11a b < 1 山东省2020 年普通高中学业水平等级考试(模拟卷) 一、单项选择题：本题共8 小题，每小题3 分，共24 分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1．2019 年是世界上首次实现元素人工转变100 周年。1919 年，卢瑟福用氦核轰击氮原子 核，发现产生了另一种元素，该核反应方程可写为：414 m 22e 78 n H +N X+Y → 。以下判断正确 的是 A ．m =16，n =1 B ．m =17，n =1 C ．m =16，n =0 D ．m =17，n =0 2．如图所示，水平放置的封闭绝热气缸，被一锁定的绝热活塞分为体积相等的a 、b 两部分。 已知a 部分气体为1mol 氧气，b 部分气体为2mol 氧气，两部分气体温度相等，均可视为 理想气体。解除锁定，活塞滑动一段距离后，两部分气体各自再次达到平衡态时，它们的 体积分别为V a 、V b ，温度分别为T a 、T b 。下列说法正确的是 A ．V a >V b ，T a >T b B ．V a >V b ，T a 山东省2019年冬季普通高中学业水平合格考试 化学试题 可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 O16 Na 23 Mg 24 Al 27 Cl 35.5 一、单项选择题(本题包括20小题，每小题3分，共60分) 1．下列关于自然资源开发利用的说法错误的是 A．利用煤的干馏可以获得苯等化工原料B．利用石油分馏可以获得乙烯等气态烯烃C．“可燃冰”的开采利用可以缓解能源危机D．利用太阳能分解水是获得氢能源的理想方法2．下列有关化学用语表示错误的是 A．中子数为8的碳原子：14 6C B．氧化钠的电子式： C．K＋的结构示意图：D．乙醇的结构简式：CH3CH2OH 3．下列关于胶体的说法错误的是 A．胶体中所有微粒的直径均介于1~100nm之间 B．利用渗析法可涂去Fe(OH)3胶体中的杂质离子 C．利用丁达尔效应可鉴别胶体和溶液 D．利用胶体聚沉的原理可制作豆腐 4．根据下列事实所得结论正确的是 选项事实结论 A SO2的水溶液能导电SO2属于电解质 B Na2CO3溶液显碱性Na2CO3属于碱 C Na2O2能与H2O反应生成NaOH和O2Na2O2属于碱性氧化物 D SiO2能与NaOH反应生成Na2SiO3和H2O SiO2属于酸性氧化物 5．下列物质中只含离子键的是 A．CaCl2B．NaOH C．HCl D．NH4Cl 6．N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是 A．18g H2O所含原子数为N A B．常温常压下，22 .4L CO2所含分子数为N A C．1mol N2与3mol H2充分反应，转移的电子数为6N A D．3.2g Cu与足量浓硫酸反应，生成SO2的分子数为0.05N A 7．铁镍蓄电池又称爱迪生电池，放电时的总反应为Fe+Ni2O3+3H2O === F e(O H)2+Ni(OH)2。下列关于该电池的说法错误的是 A．Fe为负极B．Ni2O3发生还原反应 C．不能使用酸溶液作电解液D．该电池放电时化学能全部转换为电能 8．下列除杂试剂选择错误的是 A．除去甲院中混有的乙烯——溴水B．除去氯化钠溶液中的氯化镁——石灰水C．除去氯化铁溶液中的氯化亚铁——氯水D．除去氯气中混有的氯化氢——饱和食盐水9．下列物质之间反应的离子方程式可以用H＋+OH― === H2O表示的是 A．稀盐酸和氨水B．醋酸溶液和氢氢化钠溶液 C．稀硫酸和氢氧化钡溶液D．硫酸氢钠溶液和氢氢化钠溶液 10．下列关于元素性质递变规律的说法正确的是 A．IA族金属元素从上到下，金属性逐渐增强 B．VIIA族元素从上到下，简单氢化物稳定性逐渐增强 C．第二周期元素从左到右，最高正价从+1递增到+7 D．第三周期非金属元素从左到右，非金属性逐渐减弱 11．下列物质完全燃烧时，产物的物质的量n(CO2)=n(H2O)的是 A．甲烷B．乙烯C．乙炔D．苯 选项性质应用 A NaHCO3受热分解产生CO2用作膨松剂 B NaClO具有强氧化性84消毒液的有效成分 C Fe的金属性强于Cu 用FeCl3溶液刻蚀Cu电路板 D 用新制C u(O H)2悬浊液与葡萄糖反应产生砖红色 沉淀 用新制C u(O H)2悬浊液检验 尿糖 13．ClO2是一种高效消毒剂，可通过反应2NaClO3+SO2+H2SO4 === 2ClO2+2N a H S O4制得，下列关于该反应的说法错误的是 A．NaClO3发生氧化反应B．SO2在反应中表现还原性 C．H2SO4既不是氧化剂，也不是还原剂D．转移1mol电子时，生成67.5g ClO2 14．一定条件下，向恒容密闭容器中通入一定量的N2和H2，发生反应N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g)，下列说法错误的是 A．达到平衡前，正反应速率逐渐减小B．达到平衡前，容器内的压强逐渐增大 C．达到平衡后，各物质的含量不再变化D．达到平衡后，升高温度会导致平衡移动15．下列过程中的颜色变化是由加成反应引起的是 A．将乙烯通入溴的四氯化碳溶液中，溶液褪色 B．将乙烯通入酸性高锰酸钾溶液中，溶液褪色 C．将氯气与甲烷混合并光照一段时间后，黄绿色变浅 D．将苯滴入溴水中，振荡，静置分层，水层颜色变浅 2020年山东省普通高中学业水平等级数学试卷 一．选择题（本题包括12小题，每小题5分，共60分．1-8小题只有一个选项符合题意，9-12为多选题） 1. 设集合A={x∈N|?1≤x≤3}，B={y|yx2,?x∈R}，则A∩B=() A.{0,?1,?2,?3} B.{1,?2,?3} C.[1,?3] D.[0,?3] 2. 已知a、b都是实数，那么“a 高中学生学业水平考试物理试题 一、本题包括l6小题，每小题3分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。选对的得3分，选错或不答的得0分。 1．关于惯性和惯性定律的说法。正确的是( ) A、物体在任何情况下都有惯性 B、物体只有在运动时才有惯性 C、物体不受外力作用时，一定处于静止状态 D、物体不受外力作用时，一定做匀速直线运动 2. 某人驾车从济南到青岛用时6h，车上里程表的示数增加了420km，根据地图上的相关数据得到出发地到目的地的直线距离为360km，则整个过程中汽车的位移大小和平均速度的大小分别为( ) A．360km 60km/h B. 360km 70km/h C. 420km 70km/h D.420km 60km/h 3．一块滑块由静止开始，沿光滑斜面匀加速下滑，其速度v随时间t变化的图像是( ) 4．两个完全相同的弹簧测力计A、B一起，两手在其两端施加水平拉力，下列说法正确的是( ) A．A的示数大于B的示数 B．A的示数小于B的示数 C．A对B的作用力与B对A的作用力是一对平衡力 D．A对B的作用力与B对A的作用力是一对作用力与反作用力 5.关于自由落体运动，下列说法正确的是( ) A．若两物体从同一高度同时释放，重的比轻的先落地 B．自由落体运动是匀变速直线运动 C做自由落体运动的物体除了受重力外还可以受其他力 D．加速度为g的运动都是自由落体运动 6关于功的概念，下列说法正确的是( ) A．功有正、负之分，说明功有方向 B．力是矢量，位移是矢量，所以功也是矢量 C．若某一个力对物体不做功，说明该物体一定没有发生位移 D．一个恒力对物体做的功由力的大小和物体在该力的方向上发生的位移决定 7.关于物体运动的速度和加速度的关系，下列说法正确的是( ) A．速度变化越大，加速度一定越大 B．速度变化越快，加速度一定越大 C．加速度为零，速度一定为零 D．加速度越大，速度一定越大 8. 如图所示，一重球悬挂于轻绳下端，并与光滑斜面接触，处于静止状态。若绳保持竖直，则重球的受力为( ) A．重力、绳的拉力和斜面的支持力 B．重力、绳的拉力 C．重力、斜面的支持力 D．重力、下滑力、绳的拉力和斜面的支持力 9．在水平公路上行驶的汽车，由于刹车速度越来越小。在这一过程中，下列说法正确的是( ) A、汽车的动能不变 B、汽车的重力势能不变 C、汽车的机械能不变 D、汽车的机械能增加 10. 物体在下列运动过程中，机械能守恒的是( ) A 沿粗糙斜面匀速下滑B沿粗糙斜面匀速上滑 C 沿粗糙斜面加速下滑 D 沿光滑斜面自由下滑 11．关于超重和失重，下列说法正确的是( ) A．超重就是物体受到的重力增大了 B．失重就是物体受到的重力减小了 C．完全失重就是物体受到的重力为零 D．无论超重、失重，物体受到的重力都不变 12.质量为50Kg的人，站在升降机内的台秤上，台秤的示数为400N，则升降机的运动可能是( ) A 匀速上升 B 匀速下降 C 加速下降 D 加速上升 13．甲、乙两个物体做直线运动的，v—t图象如图所示，其中图线甲是与横轴平行的直线，图线乙是通过坐标原点的直线。由图可知( ) 2019年山东省夏季普通高中学业水平考试 1.下列制度具有打击世家大族、促进社会公平重要作用的是（） A.分封制 B.宗法制 C.察举制 D.科举制 2.明朝废除宰相和清朝设立军机处的相同目的是（） A.加强君主专制 B.提高行政效率 C.避免决策失误 D.强化地方管理 3.下列反抗斗争粉碎了帝国主义瓜分中国企图的是（） A.太平天国运动 B.义和团运动 C.五四运动 D.国民革命运动 4.近代以来中国人民赢得的第一次反对外来侵略完全胜利的战争是（） A.鸦片战争 B.中日甲午战争 C.八国联军侵华战争 D.抗日战争 5.下列外交活动，突出反映了新中国"求同存异"的外交策略，加强了同第三世界国家联系的是（） A.《中苏友好同盟互助条约》签订 B.参加1954年日内瓦会议 C.参加万隆亚非会议 D.中美发表《上海联合公报》 6.伯利克里时代，雅典的最高权力机关是（） A.民众法庭 B.五百人议事会 C.十将军委员会 D.公民大会 7.英国君主立宪制的确立产生了广泛的世界影响，其确立的标志是（） A.“光荣革命” B.《权利法案》颁布 C.责任内阁制形成 D.1832年议会改革 8.“它是杜鲁门主义在经济上的第一次大规模运用，为美国在经济上控制西欧铺平了道路。”上述评论针对的是（） A.丘吉尔发表“铁幕”演说 B.布雷顿森林体系的建立 C.马歇尔计划的实施 D.北大西洋公约组织的建立 9.唐宋时期沿“海上丝绸之路”输出的商品中，除丝绸外另一种最主要的商品是（） A.青铜器 B.铁器 C.瓷器 D.纸张 10.右面的资料卡片是对我国古代某一时期经济发展状况的描述，这一时期是（） A.秦汉时期 B.隋唐时期 C.宋元时期 D.明清时期 11.中日甲午战争以后，中国民族工业初步发展的主要原因（） A.清政府放宽民间设厂的限制 B.自然经济开始解体 C.列强暂时放松对中国的侵略 D.洋务运动的兴起 12.1978年12月中国共产党召开会议，确立了把党和国家的工作重心转移到经济建设上来的方针，揭开了改革开放的序幕。此次会议是（） A.中共八大 B.中共十一届三中全会 C.中共十三大 D.中共十四大 13.17世纪，被称为“海上马车夫”的国家是:（） A.西班牙 B.葡萄牙 C.荷兰 D.英国 14.20世纪30年代，为应对空前严重的经济危机，美国总统罗斯丰富采取的对策 是（） A.强化国家对经济的干预 B.实行计划经济 C.坚持自由放任政策 D.倡导建立关贸总协定 15.体现现实主义倾向，奠定中国古典文学现实主义基础的是（） A.《诗经》 B.《离骚》 C.《窦娥冤》 D.《红楼梦》 山东普通高中会考数学真题及答案A 一、选择题（每小题3分,共75分） 1．（3分）已知集合A＝{0,1},B＝{﹣1,1,3},那么A∩B等于（） A．{0} B．{1} C．{0,1} D．{0,1,3} 2．（3分）平面向量,满足＝2,如果＝（1,2）,那么等于（）A．（﹣2,﹣4）B．（﹣2,4）C．（2,﹣4）D．（2,4） 3．（3分）如果直线y＝kx﹣1与直线y＝3x平行,那么实数k的值为（）A．﹣1 B．C．D．3 4．（3分）如图,给出了奇函数f（x）的局部图象,那么f（1）等于（） A．﹣4 B．﹣2 C．2 D．4 5．（3分）如果函数f（x）＝a x（a＞0,且a≠1）的图象经过点（2,9）,那么实数a等于（）A．2 B．3 6．（3分）某中学现有学生1800人,其中初中学生1200人,高中学生600人．为了解学生在“阅读节”活动中的参与情况,决定采用分层抽样的方法从全校学生中抽取一个容量为180的样本,那么应从高中学生中抽取的人数为（） A．60 B．90 C．100 D．110 （3分）已知直线l经过点O（0,0）,且与直线x﹣y﹣3＝0垂直,那么直线l的方程是（）7． A．x+y﹣3＝0 B．x﹣y+3＝0 C．x+y＝0 D．x﹣y＝0 8．（3分）如图,在矩形ABCD中,E为CD中点,那么向量等于（） A．B．C．D． 9．（3分）实数的值等于（） A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4 10．（3分）函数y＝x2,y＝x3,,y＝lgx中,在区间（0,+∞）上为减函数的是（）A．y＝x2B．y＝x3C．D．y＝lgx 11．（3分）某次抽奖活动共设置一等奖、二等奖两类奖项．已知中一等奖的概率为0.1,中二等奖的概率为0.1,那么本次活动中,中奖的概率为（） A．0.1 B．0.2 C．0.3 D．0.7 12．（3分）如果正△ABC的边长为1,那么?等于（） A．B．C．1 D．2 13．（3分）在△ABC中,角A,B,C所对的边分别为a,b,c,如果a＝10,A＝45°,B＝30°,那么b等于（） A．B．C．D． 14．（3分）已知圆C：x2+y2﹣2x＝0,那么圆心C到坐标原点O的距离是（）A．B．C．1 D． 15．（3分）如图,在四棱柱ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,底面ABCD是正方形,A1A⊥底面ABCD,A1A＝2,AB ＝1,那么该四棱柱的体积为（） A．1 B．2 C．4 D．8 2017年山东省普通高中学业水平考试（真题及答案） 一、选择题（本大题共20个小题，每小题3分，共60分） 1．已知集合{}4,2,1=A ，{}84,2，=B ，则=B A （ ） A ．{4} B ．{2} C ．{2,4} D ．{1,2,4,8} 2．周期为π的函数是（ ） A ．y =sinx B ．y =cosx C ．y =tan 2x D ．y =sin 2x 3．在区间()∞+，0上为减函数的是（ ） A ．2x y = B ．21x y = C ．x y ?? ? ??=21 D ．x y ln = 4．若角α的终边经过点()2,1-，则=αcos （ ） A ．55- B ．55 C ．552- D ．5 52 5．把红、黄两张纸牌随机分给甲、乙两个人，每人分得一张，设事件P 为“甲分得黄牌”，设事 件Q 为“乙分得黄牌”，则（ ） A ．P 是必然事件 B ．Q 是不可能事件 C ．P 与Q 是互斥但是不对立事件 D ．P 与Q 是互斥且对立事件 6．在数列{}n a 中，若n n a a 31=+，21=a ，则=4a （ ） A ．108 B ．54 C ．36 D ．18 7．采用系统抽样的方法，从编号为1～50的50件产品中随机抽取5件进行检验，则所选取的5件 产品的编号可以是（ ） A ．1，2，3，4，5 B ．2，4，8，16，32 C ．3，13，23，33，43 D ．5，10，15，20，25 8．已知()+∞∈,0,y x ，1=+y x ，则xy 的最大值为（ ） A ．1 B ．21 C ．31 D ．4 1 9．在等差数列{}n a 中，若95=a ，则=+64a a （ ） A ．9 B ．10 C ．18 D ．20 10．在A B C ?中，角A ，B ，C 的对边分别是a ,b ,c ，若?=60A ，?=30B ，3=a ，则=b （ ） A ．3 B ．2 33 C ．32 D ．33 11．已知向量()3,2-=，()6,4-=，则与（ ） A ．垂直 B ．平行且同向 C ．平行且反向 D ．不垂直也不平行 山东省2018年夏季普通高中学业水平考试——物理试题 (供2017级学生使用) 一、选择题：本大题供20个小题，第1—10小题每题2分，第11—20小题每题3分，共50分。在每题给 出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。 1．在进行10m跳台跳水训练时，某运动员从跳台边缘数值跳起0.6m，最后竖直落入水中。若将运动员视为质点，从起跳至入水的过程中，下列说法正确的是( ) A．运动员的位移大小是10m B．运动员的位移大小是11.2m C．运动员的路程是10.6m D．运动员的路程是10m 2．某短跑运动员在百米赛跑中3s末的速度为7.00m/s，12.5s末到达终点的速度为9.60m/s，运动员在百米赛跑中的平均速度为( ) A．7.00m/s B．8.00m/s C．8.30m/s D．9.60m/s 3．洗衣机的电源原有3根导线，其中一根是接地线。关于接地线的作用，下列说法正确的是( ) A．节约用电 B．安全用电 C．使接线插头牢固 D．使接线插头美观 4．在平直公路上有甲、乙两辆汽车，坐在甲车内的同学看到乙车相对甲车不动，而坐在乙车内的同学看到路旁的树木相对乙车向东移动。以地面为参考系，下列判断正确的是( ) A．甲车向东运动，乙车不动 B．甲、乙两车以相同的速度向东运动 C．甲、乙两车以相同的速度向西运动 D．甲、乙两车都向西运动但速度大小不同 5．甲、乙两物体在同一水平面上作直线运动的v-t图像如图所示，两条图线相互平行，下列说法正确的是( ) A．两物体初速度相同、加速度相同B．两物体初速度不同、加速度相同C．两物体初速度相同、加速度不同 t D ．两物体初速度不同、加速度不同 6．某同学为配合值日生打扫地面，将凳子向上搬起后再缓慢放回原处，此过程中该同学对凳子做功的情况 是( ) A ．一直做正功 B ．先做正功，再做负功 C ．一直做负功 D ．先做负功，再做正功 7．如图所示，用传送带向上传送货物，货物和传送带之间没有相对滑动，则货物受到的摩擦力是( ) A ．静摩擦力，方向沿传送带向上 B ．静摩擦力，方向沿传送带向下 C ．滑动摩擦力，方向沿传送带向下 D ．滑动摩擦力，方向沿传送带向上 8．油品运输汽车的后部有一条拖地铁链，该铁链的作用是( ) A ．拖车用 B ．停车落锁用 C ．有利于运输车辆积累电荷 D ．把车辆积累的电荷及时导入大地，避免静电危害 9．下列关于加速度大小的判断正确的是( ) A ．由公式t v a ??= 可知，a 与v ?成正比，与t ?成反比 B ．由公式t v a ??=可知，a 与v ?成反比，与t ?成正比 C ．由公式m F a =可知，a 与F 成正比，与m 成反比 D ．由公式m F a =可知，a 与F 成反比，与m 成正比 10．关于能量和能源，下列表述正确的是( ) A ．能量可以从一种形式转化为另一种形式 B ．能量不能从一个物体转移到另一个物体 C ．自然界的能量是守恒的，所以人类可以利用的能源永不枯竭 D ．能源在利用过程中存在能量耗散现象，这表明自然界的能量不守恒 11．某同学分别用甲、乙两个滑块，研究质量一定是加速度与力的关系，在同一坐标系中画出两滑块的F a -图像，如图所示，下列判断正确的是( ) 山东省2015年１2月普通高中学业水平考试 数学试题 本试卷分第I 卷(选择题）和第II 卷(非选择题）两部分,共4页。满分１00分,考试限定用时90分钟。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考籍号、座号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I 卷（共60分） 注意事项： 每小题选出答案后,用2Ｂ铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不涂在答题卡上,只答在试卷上无效。 一、选择题(本大题共20个小题,每小题3分，共６０分． 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的) l. 已知集合{}1,2A =,{}2,3B =，则A B = Ａ. {}2 Ｂ. {}1,2 C ． {}2,3 Ｄ. {}1,2,3 2． 图象过点(0,1)的函数是 Ａ． 2x y = B. 2log y x = C. 12y x = D. 2y x = 3. 下列函数为偶函数的是 A. sin y x =. B. cos y x = C ． tan y x = D. sin 2y x = 4. 在空间中,下列结论正确的是 A.三角形确定一个平面 B.四边形确定一个平面 C.一个点和一条直线确定一个平面 D.两条直线确定一个平面 5． 已知向量(1,2),(1,1)a b =-=,则a b = Ａ． 3 B ．2 Ｃ. 1 D ． 0 6. 函数()sin cos f x x x =的最大值是 A.14 B ．12 C. 3 D ． 1 7． 某学校用系统抽样的方法,从全校５0０名学生中抽取50名做问卷 调查,现将5０0名学生编号为1，2,3，…,500,在1~10中随机抽地抽取一个号码，若抽到的是3号,则从11～20中应抽取的号码是 A. 14 B. 13 C. 12 D. 11 8． 圆心为(3,1),半径为5的圆的标准方程是 A. 22(3)(1)5x y +++= Ｂ. 22(3)(1)25x y +++= C ． 22(3)(1)5x y -+-= D. 22(3)(1)25x y -+-= 4 9. 某校100名学生数学竞赛成绩的频率分布直方图如图所示,成绩分组区间是: [50,60),[60,70),[70,80),[80,90),[90,100]， 则该次数学成绩在[50,60)内的人数为 A. 20 B ． 15 C. 10 D ． 6 10． 在等比数列{}n a 中,232,4a a ==,则该数列的前4项和为 1 河北省高中数学会考试题 一．选择题 （共12题，每题3分，共36分） 在每小题给出的四个备选答案中，总有一个正确答案，请把所选答案的字母填在相应的位置上 1.已知集合A={1，2，3}，B={2,3,4},则AUB= A {2,3} B {1,4} C{1,2,3,4} D{1,3,4} 2. = A 2 1 B - 2 1 C 23 D - 2 3 3.函数y=sinx 是 A 偶函数，最大值为1 B 奇函数，最大值为1 C 偶函数，最小值为1 D 奇函数，最小值为1 4.已知△ABC 中，cosA=2 1 ,则A= A 600 B 1200 C300 或1500 D 600或1200 5. 如果a,b 是两个单位向量，那么下列四个结论中正确的是 A a=b B a 2=b 2 C a ·b=1 D ∣a ∣≠∣b ∣ 6. 已知a=（1,1），b=（2,2），则a – b = A (1,1) B (1，-1) C D (-1，1) 7. 已知△ABC 中，a=6,b=8,c=10,则 cosA= A 5 4 B 5 3 C 5 2 D 5 1 8.已知等差数列{a n },a 1=1,a 3=5,则a n = A 2n-1 B n C n+2 D 2n+1 9.已知等比数列{a n },a 1=2,q=3,则a 3 = A 8 B 12 C 16 D 18 10.已知ab 0，则 A ac ﹥bc B -a ﹤-b C a 1﹥b 1 D a c ﹥a c 11.不等式x 2-x-2﹥0的解集为 A （-1,2） B （-∞，-1）U （2，+∞） C （-1,2〕 D 〔-1,2〕 12.已知sinx=1,则cosx= A -1 B 1 C 不存在 D 0 二．填空题，（共4题，每题5分） 13.已知x,y 满足约束条 件 y ≤x ，则z=2x+y 的最大值是 x+y ≤1 y ≥-1 14.已知口袋里有5个红球，15个白球，则从口袋里任取一个球，取到的是红球的 概率为 15.已知函数y=Acosx 最大值为2，则A= 16.已知四边形ABCD 中，=,则四边形ABCD 的形状为 三．解答题，（共4题，第17，18题每题10分，第19,20每题12分） 17.已知集合A={1,2,3,4},B={3,4,5,6},求 （1）A ∪B,A ∩B (2)已知全集I={1,2,3,4,5,6,7},求C I A,C I B. 18. 解不等式组 x 2-x-6≤0 的解集。 x-1＞0 19. 在等差数列{a n }中，（1）已知a 1=3，a n =21，d=2,求n. 2020年山东省普通高中学业水平合格考试数学试卷 一、本大题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1. 设集合A＝{1,?3,?5}，B＝{2,?3}，则A∪B＝（） A.{3} B.{1,?5} C.(1,?2,?5)∩{1,?2,?5} D.{1,?2,?3,?5} 【答案】 D 【考点】 并集及其运算 【解析】 进行并集的运算即可． 【解答】 ∵A＝{1,?3,?5}，B＝{2,?3}， ∴A∪B＝{1,?2,?3,?5}． 2. 函数f(x)=cos(1 2x+π 6 )的最小正周期为（） A.π 2 B.π C.2π D.4π 【答案】 D 【考点】 三角函数的周期性及其求法 【解析】 根据三角函数的周期公式直接进行计算即可． 【解答】 由三角函数的周期公式得T=2π1 2 =4π， 3. 函数f(x)=√x?1+ln(4?x)的定义域是( ) A.(1,?+∞) B.[1,?4) C.(1,?4] D.(4,?+∞) 【答案】 B 【考点】 函数的定义域及其求法 【解析】 根据函数f(x)的解析式，列出使解析式有意义的不等式组，求出解集即可．【解答】 解：∵函数f(x)=√x?1+ln(4?x)， ∴{x?1≥0, 4?x>0. 解得1≤x<4. ∴ 函数f(x)的定义域是[1,?4)． 故选B ． 4. 下列函数中，既是偶函数又在(0,?+∞)上是减函数的是（ ） A.y ＝?x 3 B.y =1 C.y ＝|x| D.y =1 x 2 【答案】 D 【考点】 奇偶性与单调性的综合 【解析】 结合基本初等函数的单调性及奇偶性对选项分别进行判断即可． 【解答】 由幂函数的性质可知，y ＝?x 3，y =1 x 为奇函数，不符合题意， y ＝|x|为偶函数且在(0,?+∞)上单调递增，不符号题意， y =1x 2 为偶函数且在(0,?+∞)上单调递减，符合题意． 5. 已知直线l 过点P(2,??1)，且与直线2x +y ?l ＝0互相垂直，则直线l 的方程为（ ） A.x ?2y ＝0 B.x ?2y ?4＝0 C.2x +y ?3＝0 D.2x ?y ?5＝0 【答案】 B 【考点】 直线的一般式方程与直线的垂直关系 【解析】 根据题意设出直线l 的方程，把点P(2,??1)代入方程求出直线l 的方程． 【解答】 根据直线l 与直线2x +y ?l ＝0互相垂直，设直线l 为x ?2y +m ＝0， 又l 过点P(2,??1)， ∴ 2?2×(?1)+m ＝0， 解得m ＝?4， ∴ 直线l 的方程为x ?2y ?4＝0． 6. 已知函数f(x)={2x ,x ≤0 x 32,x >0 ，则f(?1)+f(1)＝（ ） A.0 B.1 C.3 2 D.2 【答案】 C 【考点】 求函数的值 函数的求值 【解析】山东省高中学业水平考试数学知识点总结
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