Electronic Teaching Portfolio
Book Four
Unit Three: Fame and Success
Part I Get Started
Section A Discussion
▇Sit in pairs or groups and discuss the following questions.
1Who is the most successful person in the world in your opinion? Could you tell us something about him or her?
2What qualities do you think successful people have in common?
3What do you think fame can bring to people?
▆Answers for reference:
1Open.
2Some hints:
a)compassionate and concerned about the well-being of mankind
b)committed to the cause they are pursuing and refusing to give up in the face of difficulties
c)modest about what they have achieved
d)having team spirit
3Some hints:
The good side: publicity, honour, reputation, power, wealth, status and glamour
The bad side: burden, deprivation of freedom, privacy and even one?s identity
Section B Quotes
▇Study the following quotes about fame and success and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them.
Benjamin Disraeli
⊙The secret of success is constancy of purpose.
— Benjamin Disraeli
Interpretation:
The key to success is that you have a goal and remain committed to it at all times.
About Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881): a British politician in the Conservative Party who was Prime Minister of the UK in 1868 and from 1874 to 1880. He also wrote several novels, including Sybil (《西比尔》).
Francois-Marie Arouet Voltaire
◎Fame is a heavy burden.
— Francois-Marie Arouet V oltaire
Interpretation:
Enjoying fame is not always a good thing. It may hinder you from progressing further and it brings about troubles as well.
About Francois-Marie Arouet Voltaire (1694-1778):a French writer and philosopher who was one of the leaders of the 18th-century Enlightenment (启蒙运动), and whose ideas influenced the French Revolution. He wrote essays on many subjects, and his best-known work is the satirical Candide (《老实人》) (1759).
George Santayana
◎The highest form of vanity is love of fame.
—George Santayana
Interpretation:
Vain and shallow people seek fame — they have no character.
About George Santayana (1863-1952): an American philosopher, poet, literary and cultural critic. Born
in Spain, Santayana emigrated to the United States in 1872. A graduate of Harvard (1886), he taught in the Department of Philosophy, Harvard from 1889 until 1912. After resigning from Harvard he returned to Europe, eventually settling in Italy where he lived until his death. He was a principal figure in Classical American Philosophy.
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
◎The talent of success is nothing more than doing well whatever you do without a thought of fame.
—Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Interpretation:
Some people think that being famous is everything —but in fact doing your very best in your own work without thinking about being famous is great in itself and it is the only key to success.
About Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882): a popular US poet who is known especially for his long poems about US legends. His best-known poems are The Song Of Hiawatha (《海华沙之歌》), The Courtship of Miles Standish (《迈尔斯〃斯坦狄什的求婚》), Paul Revere’s Ride (《保罗〃里维尔的夜奔》), and The Wreck of the Hesperus (《金星号遇难》).
Thomas Edison
◎Many of life?s failures are people who did not realize how close they were to su ccess when they gave up.
—Thomas Edison
Interpretation:
There are many people who could have been very successful today. Unfortunately, they gave up when
they encountered failure. If they had kept on, they would have been very successful. To them, failure
is the end of their struggle.
About Thomas Edison(1847-1931): an American inventor. He profoundly influenced modern life through his inventions such as the light bulb, the phonograph, and the motion picture camera. During
his lifetime, he acquired 1,093 patents, and marketed many of his inventions to the public.
Section C Watching and Discussion
Fame is a 2009 American musical drama film and a loose remake of the 1980 film of the same title. The movie follows NYC talents attending the New York City High School of Performing Arts, where students get specialized training that often leads to success as actors, singers, etc.
▇Watch the following video clip “Success Is N ot” and do the tasks that follow:
插入视频片段：“success is not.wmv”
1Fill in the missing information.
1)Success is not ________. It?s not ________or ________.
Answers: Success is not fame. It?s not money or power.
2)Success is waking up in the morning excited about ________. It?s getting to work with ________.
Success is connecting with ________and making people feel. It?s finding a way to bind together
people who have nothing in common but ________. It?s falling asleep at night knowing ________.
Answers: Success is waking up in the morning excited about what you have to do. It?s getting to work with people you love. Success is connecting with the world and making people feel. It?s finding
a way to bind together people who have nothing in common but a dream. It?s falling asleep at night
knowing you did the best job you could.
3)Success is ________and ________and ________. And success is ________.
Answers: Success is joy and freedom and friendship. And success is love.
2Discuss whether you accept the girl’s understanding of SUCCESS or not.
Open.
▇Script：
There are some things success is not. It?s not fame. It?s not money or power. Success is waking up in the morning so excited about what you have to do that you literally fly out the door. It?s getting to work with people you love. Success is connecting with the w orld and making people feel. It?s finding a way to bind together people who have nothing in common but a dream. It?s falling asleep at night knowing you did the best job you could. Success is joy and freedom and friendship. And success is love.
Part II Listen and Respond
Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas
▇Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.
1What should young people do in order to be successful according to the speaker?
A)They should have dreams, hopes and wishes.
B)They should have the courage to write down their intentions.
C)They should have clear goals in life and go after them.
D)They should make a good choice in their career.
2What should young people do to make clear their values according to the speaker?
A)They should put health as their priority.
B)They should put financial independence as their priority.
C)They should make their life healthy and comfortable.
D)They should make their goals consistent with their most important values.
3What advice does the speaker give on writing down one?s goals?
A)You should write down your goals every day.
B)You should be specific and describe your goals in detail.
C)You should have the courage to tell your friends your goals.
D)You should read your goals to your friends every day.
4What does the speaker mean by taking action?
A)He means that people must jog every day to run a marathon.
B)He means that people should have a loving marriage or happy children.
C)He means that a loving marriage or happy children take too much time.
D)He means that people’s daily actions must be consistent and persistent.
5Which of the following is NOT recommended by the speaker as a step to successful goal-setting?
A)Be financially independent.
B)Write down the details of your goals.
C)Decide what you want.
D)Take action.
▇Key:
1 C
2 D
3 B
4 D
5 A
Section C Task Two: Zooming In on the Details
▇Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.
Successful people always have clear goals. Great musicians, great 1) ________, successful salespeople and 2) ________leaders know what they want in life, and they go after it. No one becomes successful by 3) ________!
Too often, people choose goals that are inconsistent with their 4) ________and daily behavior. Do you value health, or comfort? Is financial 5) ________a priority, or merely a wish?
Have the courage to put your 6) ________on paper and in your own words. Be 7) ________and describe your goals in detail.
A loving 8) ________or happy kids require your time, your attention and your love every day. Your daily actions need not be profound or 9) ________, but they must be consistent and 10) ________.
Just as an artist will make preliminary 11) ________and work out the details in his mind, so your success requires written goals, careful choices, clear 12) ________, and daily persistence.
▇Answers:
1) athletes 2) inspiring 3) accident 4) priorities 5) independence 6) intentions
7) specific 8) marriage 9) extraordinary 10) persistent 11) sketches 12) commitments
▇Script:
Four Steps to Successful Goal-setting
Successful people always have clear goals. Great musicians, great athletes, successful salespeople and inspiring leaders know what they want in life, and they go after it. No one becomes successful by accident!
And yet, a lot of young people that I know just live their lives with no goals at all, or with only vague dreams, hopes and wishes. No wonder they have achieved so much less than they could!
For those who have not yet experienced the joy of setting and achieving magnificent goals, here is a powerful set of principles that have worked for thousands of my clients. They will work for you, too. I call them “Four Steps to Successful Goal-Setting”:
1.Decide what you want. Choose the life you prefer! You can?t have everything in life. But you can
have anything you choose if you will focus, pay the price, and pursue it with all your heart.
2.Make clear your values. Too often, people choose goals that are inconsistent with their priorities and
daily behavior. Do you value health, or comfort? Is financial independence a priority, or merely a
wish? Make sure that your goals are consistent with your most important values.
3.Write them down. Have the courage to put your intentions on paper and in your own words. Be
specific and describe your goals in detail. When will you achieve them? What will success look like?
Write down the details and read your goals every day.
4.Take action. To run a marathon, you must jog every day. A loving marriage or happy kids require
your time, your attention and your love, every day. Your daily actions need not be profound or
extraordinary, but they must be consistent and persistent.
Success does not “just happen”. Just as an artist will make preliminary sketches and work out the details in his mind, so your success requires written goals, careful choices, clear commitments and daily persistence. You can do this. Make something great of your life!
Part III Read and Explore
Text A
Section A Discovering the Main Ideas
Exercise 1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.
1What is the main idea of the essay?
2What is the author?s attitude towards fame?
3What does an artist have to do to stay famous according to the author?
4What excuses do people give to defend failures?
5Why do people chase fame according to the author?
6Can a person be famous and remain true to himself at the same time according to the author?
▇Answers for reference:
1In this essay, the author talks about the issue of fame. The main idea is that most people want fame because fame can bring them celebrity, high regard, admiration, etc. However, the author emphasizes that there are few people who can really capture fame and that fame is usually short-lived. Fame can affect and sometimes even destroy one?s life.
2The author takes an objective attitude towards fame with an emphasis on its negative side. He believes that fame rewards one with money, power and popularity, but it may also enslave him and destroy his life. 3According to the author, to stay famous, an artist has to perform in the style that the public wants and enjoys, no matter how bored he is of performing in the same style year after year. Any attempt to change the style may result in the loss of his popularity among his fans.
4To find excuses for the failures, people tend to claim that they are too sensitive, that they are not interested in money, that they are not interested in the power that fame brings and that they are not interested in the loss of privacy it demands, etc.
5According to the author, people chase fame because they want to demonstrate excellence in some field; to gain the admiration and love of many others; to be the one everyone talks about; to show family and friends that they are more than their family and friends thought they were.
6Probably not. According to the author, fame takes “the you out of you”, which means that once a person becomes famous, he must be what the public thinks he is, not what he really is or could be. Fame enslaves him with what the public wants, instead of helping him maintain and develop his own identity or his true self.
Exercise 2 Text A can be divided into four parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.
Section B In-depth Study
We may all desire to be famous and yearn for the publicity, wealth and power that accompany fame.Few of us, however, realize that fame also has its negative side and, sometimes, it may even destroy one’s life. Read the following text and you will get to know more about the adverse impact fame can have on one’s life.
Fame
Melvin Howards
1 Fame is very much like an animal chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. Fame and the publicity that accompanies it, force the famous person to participate in his or her own destruction. Ironic, isn?t it?
2 Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of possessing a single talent or skill: singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. The successful performer develops a style that gains some popularity, and it is this popularity that usually convinces the performer to continue performing in the same style, since that is what the public seems to want and to enjoy. But in time, the performer becomes bored singing the same songs in the same way year after year, or the painter becomes bored painting similar scenes or portraits, or the actor is tired of playing the same character repeatedly. The artist becomes the slave of his or her own success because of the public demands.If the artist attempts to change his or her style of writing or dancing or singing, etc., the audience may turn away and look to give the momentary fame to another and then, in time, to another, and so on and so on.
3 Fame brings celebrity and high regard from loyal fans in each field. A performer can easily come to believe that he or she is as good as his or her press. But most people, most artists do not gain fame and fortune. What about those performers who fail, or anyone who fails? Curiously enough, failure often serves as its own reward for many people. It brings sympathy from others who are delighted not to be you, and it allows family and friends to lower their expectations of you so that you need not compete with those who have more talent and who succeed. And they find excuses and explanations for your inability to succeed and become famous: you are too sensitive, you are not interested in money, you are not interested in the power that fame brings and you are not interested in the loss of privacy it demands, etc. — all excuses, but comforting to those who fail and those who pretend not to notice the failure.
4 History has sufficiently proven that some failure for some people at certain times in their lives does indeed motivate them to strive even harder to succeed and to continue believing in themselves. Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was finally published and launched his career and created his fame.Beethoven overcame his cruel and harsh father and grudging acceptance as a musician to become the greatest, most famous musician in the world, and Thomas Edison was thrown out of school in fourth grade, at about age 10, because he seemed to the teacher to be quite dull and ill-behaved. Many other cases may be found of people who failed and used the failure to motivate them to achieve, to succeed, and to become famous. But, unfortunately, for most people failure is the end of their
struggle, not the beginning. There are few, if any, famous failures.
5 Well then, why does anyone want fame? Do you? Do you want to be known to many people and admired by them? Do you want the money that usually comes with fame? Do you want the media to notice everything you do or say both in public and in private? In some areas it is very obvious that to be famous is to be the target of everyone who disagrees with you as well as of the media. Fame turns all the lights on and while it gives power and reputation, it takes the you out of you: you must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. But why does anyone want fame? Several reasons come to mind: to demonstrate excellence in some field; to gain the admiration and love of many others; to be the one everyone talks about; to show family and friends you are more than they thought you were. Probably you can list some other reasons, but I think these are reasonably common.
6 I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune, celebrity: good luck. But what will you do when you have caught your tail, your success, your fame? Keep chasing it? If you do catch it, hang on for dear life. See you soon famous and almost famous!
旧课文不需新配图
▇课文参考译文
声誉
梅尔文〃霍华兹
1 声誉极像一个追逐自己尾巴的动物，抓住了以后除继续穷追不舍外，再也不知道还能做什么。声誉以及随之而来的名气迫使名人陷入穷途末路。真有点讽刺意味，不是吗？
2 名人有名多因有一技之长，如唱歌、跳舞、绘画、写作等等。成功的表演者展示出一种风格，获得声誉。而且这种声誉常常使这位表演者确信，必须把这种风格发扬光大，因为这就是大众所需要和喜爱的。可是随着时间的推移，如果歌手年复一年地用老调唱老歌，画师画千篇一律的风景或画像，演员反复饰演同一角色，他们势必都会感到厌烦。由于公众的要求，艺人竟变成了自己功名的奴隶。倘若他或她想改变笔调、舞步、唱腔的话，大众就会弃他而去，转而把那飘忽不定的声誉赐予他人，一段时间后再转给他人，这样不停地转下去。
3 一个人有了名誉，就有了名气，就能赢得忠实的追捧者的高度关注，在任何领域都是这样。一个表演者很容易相信，自己的成就当真和新闻报道的一样大。可是大多数人、大多数艺人并没有得到美誉和财富。那些失败的表演者又如何呢？其他任何一个失败者会又如何呢？奇怪的是，对许多人而言，失败往往就是对失败的回报！有些人对你表示怜悯，他们庆幸自己不是你。你的亲朋好友也会降低对你的期望，使你不必去和那些比你有天赋并获得成功的人较量。他们会找出种种借口来解释你不能功成名就的原因：你太敏感了呀；你对金钱没有兴趣呀；你对声誉所能带来的权利不感兴趣呀；因为声望要使你丧失隐私，所以你不感兴趣呀；等等。所有这些都是借口，但对失败者或假装不在意自己失败的人来说，却是安慰。
4 历史充分证明，有些人在一生的某个时刻遭遇失败，的确能激发他们更加努力地追求成功，继续对自己充满信心。美国小说家托马斯〃沃尔夫的第一部小说《安琪儿，往家里看吧！》被退稿39次才得以出版，才使他开始了他的写作生涯并赢得了声誉。贝多芬不屈服于他残暴、专横的父亲，还忍气吞声当过乐师，但终于克服一切，成为世界上最伟大、最著名的音乐家。托马斯〃爱迪生10岁左右，还在上四年级的时候就被赶出教室，因为在老师的眼里，他脑子笨，又不乖。以失败为动力，奋发有为，成名成家的例子还有很多。但遗憾的是，对大多数人来说，失败就是奋斗的结束，而不是开始。成名的失败事例即使有，也不多见。
5 那么，人们为什么要追求声誉呢？你追求声誉吗？你希望许多人都知道你、赞赏你吗？你想得到那些往往伴随声誉而来的金钱吗？你想要媒体注意你台上台下的一言一行吗？显而易见，在某些领域，出了名就意味着要成为那些不赞同你的人和诸多媒体的抨击目标。声誉把你置于所有的灯光下，一边给你权利和威望，一边把你变得不像你：你必须成为大众心目中的你，而不能是那个真实的你或你可能成为的那个人。但是，为什么人人都追求声誉呢？我想到了以下几个理由：为了在某些方面展示才华；为了赢得他人的敬仰和爱慕；为了成为人人谈论的人物；为了让亲朋好友看到你比他们想象得还要优秀。也
许你还能列出其他理由，但我觉得以上这些理由是相当普遍存在的。
6 对那些拼命追求声誉、财富和名望的人们，我想说：祝你们好运。但是当你已经抓住了自己的尾巴，即成功和声誉之后，你打算怎么做呢？一直追逐下去吗？你若确已抓住了尾巴，那就舍命也不要松手。我盼你们不久都功成名就，或近乎功成名就吧！
Good Usage (Para. 1)
participate in
Good Usage (Para. 2)
gain fame
as a result of
gains some popularity
convinces … to
in time
year after year
is tired of
turn away
and so on
Good Usage (Para. 3)
brings celebrity and high regard from loyal fans
curiously enough
serves as
brings sympathy from others
compete with
Good Usage (Para. 4)
motivate them to strive even harder to succeed
launched his career
was thrown out of school
Good Usage (Para.5)
Fame turns all the lights on.
it takes the you out of you
to demonstrate excellence in some field
to gain the admiration and love of many others
Good Usage (Para.6)
desperately seek fame and fortune, celebrity
hang on for dear life
Key Words and Expressions for Text A
chase vt.
follow rapidly in order to catch 追赶，追逐；追捕
e. g. 1. If strangers should venture into that field, the bull will chase them.
2. She was chasing (after) a man who had snatched her bag.
她当时正在追那个抢走了了她包的男子。
Phrasal verbs:
chase about / around 向某方向急奔
chase sb. away / off / out 赶走; 驱逐
chase sb. up 向某人追讨或索要（尤指钱或信息）
chase sth. up 追查或催促某事物
publicity n.
1. [U] public notice or attention 公众的注意，众人周知；张扬
e. g. 1. The film star?s t hird marriage got a lot of publicity.
2. Standards in education have received much publicity over the last few years.
2. (business of) providing information in order to attract public attention; advertising 宣传（业务）；广告
e. g. The publicity for the book was poor and sales were low.
该书宣传工作没有做好，所以销量不大。
accompany vt.
1. exist or appear at the same time or same place as 带有，配有，伴随
e. g. 1. Earthquakes commonly accompany volcanic activity.
2. The disease is accompanied by sneezing and fever.
这个疾病同时伴有打喷嚏和发烧。
2. walk or travel with (sb.) as a companion or helper; escort 伴随或跟随（某人）；陪伴
e. g. Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.
14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪同。
3. provide sth. in addition to sth. else; supplement sth.兼带；附有
e. g. Each application should be accompanied by a stamped addressed envelope.
每份申请书均须附回邮信封、贴上邮票、写好地址。
style n.
[C; U] a general manner of doing sth. which is typical or representative of a person or group, a time in history, etc. 风格，作风
e. g. 1. Some people have c riticized the Prime Minister?s style of leadership.
2. Picasso?s style of painting changed and developed over the years.
那些年里毕加索的绘画风格不断改变、发展。
popularity n.
[U] the quality of being well liked, approved of, or admired 普及，流行，受欢迎，声望
e. g. 1. Our new product enjoys popularity throughout the world.
2. His books have grown in popularity recently.
他的书近来大受欢迎。
Adjective: popular
bored a.
[(with)] tired and uninterested [常与with连用]厌烦的，不感兴趣的
e. g. 1. I was bored to death by their trivial conversation.
2. He was getting bored with / of doing the same thing every day.
每天都做同样的事他烦死了。
Usage:
bored stiff / to tears / to death / out of one?s mind 非常厌烦
be tired of
have lost interest or patience in 对……厌烦，厌倦
e. g. 1. She is tired of her unchanging office chores.
2. If you are tired of life in the city, you can always come back home.
如果你厌烦了城里的生活，你永远都可以回家来。
audience n.
[C] the people listening to or watching a performance, speech, television show, etc. 听众；观众
e. g. 1. The audience applauded loudly at the end of the concert.
2. His book reached an even wider audience when it was filmed for television.
他的书拍成电视以后，使读者范围扩大到更广大的观众了。
Usage:
target audience 目标观众/ 听众
turn away
refuse to give one?s sympathy, help, or support to 拒绝给……援助，拒绝支持
e. g. 1. It was shameless of him to turn away the old man who was badly in need of help.
2. Consumers are turning away from credit cards.
消费者正在对信用卡失去兴趣。
and so on
and other things of that kind 等等
e. g. 1. We have to study English, history, architecture and so on.
2. Ethnic minorities living in this country should have the right to their own religion, traditions and so
on and so forth.
居住在这个国家的少数民族应该享有维护自己的宗教，传统等等权利。
regard n.
[U] usu. fml respect; esteem 〖一般正式〗尊敬，敬重
e. g. 1. I hold him in lo w regard since he?s so mean to his friends.
2. We have a great regard for Mrs. James? judgment.
我们极为尊重詹姆斯夫人的判断。
Usage:
hold sb. in high / low regard 尊重/ 不尊重某人
sufficiently ad.
rather fml in the way that is enough, or as much as is needed for a purpose 〖较正式〗足够地，充足地
e. g. 1. Don?t worry; food is sufficiently provided for you all and free of charge.
2. Politicians have ignored this problem because they do not consider it sufficiently important.
政治家们已经不理会这个问题了，认为这问题不是那么重要。
Antonym: insufficiently
launch vt.
begin (an activity, plan, way of life, etc.)开办；创办；出版；将……投放市场
e. g. 1. He launched a fierce attack on his political opponents.
2. The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.
公司希望在明年十月之前将新药投放市场。
throw out
force sb. to leave a place; refuse to accept 解雇；拒绝接受
e. g. 1. The manager threw out the man who had been absent for three consecutive days.
2. The bill was passed in the House but thrown out by the Senate.
该议案在众议院得到通过，但却被参议员否决了。
dull a.
slow in thinking, learning, and understanding 迟钝的；愚蠢的，笨的
e. g. 1. He could manage —he isn?t that dull.
2. If you don?t understand then you?re duller than I thought.
如果你不懂，那么你比我原来认为的还要笨。
Synonym: stupid
target
n. [(of)] a person or thing that is made the object of unfavorable remarks, jokes, etc. [常与of连用]（批评、开玩笑等的）对象；笑柄
e. g. 1. I?m sure that this plan will be the target of a great deal of criticism.
2. The embassy is an obvious target for terrorist attacks.
很明显，大使馆是恐怖分子的攻击目标。
vt. [usu passive] [(at / on)]aim sth [通常用于被动语态] [常与at / on连用]瞄准某物
e. g. 1. The missiles are targeted at several key military sites.
2. The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.
hang on
1. keep hold of sth. 紧紧抓住
e. g. 1. My child hung on to my apron, and would not let go.
2. The rope was dangling over the edge of the roof and I was hanging on with both hands.
绳子在悬崖边摇晃着，我用双手紧紧抓住绳子。
2. wait for a short time 稍等
e. g. Hang on a minute. I?ll be with you in a moment!
for dear life
with the greatest possible effort, especially in order to avoid harm 拼命地，尽最大努力地（尤指为了免受伤害）
e. g. 1. He was swimming for dear life toward the sea shore.
2. She grasped the side of the boat and hung on for dear life.
她抓住船边，尽全力吊在那里。
Usage:
run, swim, pull, shout, argue for dear life 拚命地跑、游、拉、喊、争论
Difficult Sentences for Text A
1.Fame and the publicity that accompanies it, force the famous person to participate in his or her own
destruction. (Para. 1)
Q: How can the famous person “participate in his or her own destruction”?
A: When a person becomes famous, he or she will not only attract the public attention, but also work and live in line with the public expectations. It seems that the public rather than you decides your fate. This may put an end to his or her talent.
Q: What else, apart from “fame and the publicity”, can make or force a person participate in his or her own destruction?
A: For example, pride, self-despise, etc.
Q: Please translate this sentence into Chinese.
A: 声誉以及随之而来的名气迫使名人陷入穷途末路。
2.The artist becomes the slave of his or her own success because of the public demands. (Para. 2)
Q: Can you understand how the artist becomes “the slave” of his own success?
A: In order to meet the needs of the public, the artist is no longer the master of himself or herself. That?s why they have to perform in the same style year after year, no matter how bored they become. In this sense, they become “the slave” of their own success.
3.In some areas it is very obvious that to be famous is to be the target of everyone who disagrees with you
as well as of the media. (Para. 5)
Q: Why do famous people become “the target”?
A: Once a person becomes famous, his opponents will pay more attention to him and they will seek every opportunity to challenge or even attack him. At the same time, his everyday life is exposed to the limelight and the media may keep an eye on whatever he is doing.
Q: Make up a sentence, using the pattern “the target of… as well as of…”.
A: For reference:
Launching the new policy, the government has become the target of some loyal supporters as well as of the opposition party.
4.Fame turns all the lights on and while it gives power and reputation, it takes the you out of you: you must
be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. (Para. 5)
Q: What does the sentence imply?
A: For reference:
The author stresses the negative side of being famous. Fame brings you all glamour, but it also exposes everything of you to the public. You have to meet the public expectations and fit in the image the public has created for you. That image may not be what you want to be or what you could have been. Extended Questions
▇Extended questions (Paras. 1-2)
Q:Which do you think is more important for an artist, to perform in the same style year after year to meet public demand, or to create a new artistic style?
A:I think it is a difficult choice for the artist to make. On the one hand, if the artist performs the same thing year after year in order to meet public demand, he or she will gradually lose artistic creativity.
On the other hand, if the artist changes artistic style, he or she will risk losing popularity. Personally, I think being creative should be the primary concern for an artist to further develop his or her performing career.
▇Extended questions (Para. 3)
Q:What is your attitude towards failure?
A:It seems to me that failure is our life?s companion. No one can avoid failure in his or her life or work.
We should take a positive and optimistic attitude towards failure. Instead of being disappointed, we should try to find out the causes of our failure and draw useful lessons. As the proverb goes, failure is the mother of success. If I fail today, I will try again tomorrow; if I fail again, I will continue trying until I succeed.
▇Extended questions (Para. 4)
Q:What else do you know about Beethoven?
A:By the age of 27, Beethoven began to go deaf, and he knew within a few years, he would not be able to hear at all. This almost led him to suicide, but he found that he could still …hear? th e music inside his mind. Thus, he continued composing and writing music. In his later years, he composed his only opera Fidelio (《费黛里奥》), and went on to write quartets (四重奏曲), and the Ninth Symphony and the Missa Solemnis (《庄严弥撒》). While his personal life was troubled and he never married, he became the world?s most renowned composer.
Thomas Edison was a famous inventor with over 1300 electrical inventions, including the microphone, the record player, and equipment for the cinema. But when Thomas Edison started school, the teacher considered him dull and not teachable. Edison?s mother took him home and Edison started his education at home. Worse still, Thomas Edison began to lose his hearing. Eventually he became totally deaf in his left ear and had only 10% hearing in his right ear. Edison did not consider this a disadvantage but said he was able to concentrate on his experiments since he was not distracted by noises or chatter. One of his favorite sayings was, “Genius is one percent inspiration, and 99 percent perspiration.”
▇Extended questions (Paras. 5-6)
Q:What is YOUR attitude towards fame and celebrity?
A:It seems to me that seeking fame is a human nature, which is nothing to blame. The questions to be considered are how to seek fame and how you should behave after you?ve gained it. I think that one should seek fame through one?s hard work and perseverance, and that those who have gained celebrity should make more contributions to society. I also believe that fame is a flawed measure of success.
While people may be elated by momentary fame, their celebrity is very likely to enslave them. Section C Voicing Your Views
Some people say, “Fame is like a double-edged sword.”What is your opinion? Work in pairs or groups and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being famous.
Text B
Section A KEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
Key Words:
poll
vt. question (people) in an attempt to find out the general opinion about sth., esp. about a political matter （在民意测验中）对……进行调查
e. g. 1. A majority of those polled were worried about the declining economy.
2. Half the people we polled said they would pay more for environmentally-friendly food.
在我们调查的所有人中，一半人说他们愿意多花钱买“绿色”食品。
n.
1. [C] survey of public opinion by putting questions to a representative selection of people 民意测验
e. g. We?re conducting a poll among voters.
2. [C usu. sing ] voting at an election; counting of votes ?通常作单数?选举投票；计票
e. g. The result of the poll has now been declared.
选举结果已经公布。
rank vi.have or regard as having a certain rank or relative position （被认为）具有……等级（地位）
e. g. 1. Heart disease has long ranked the number one cause of death globally.
2. She is currently the highest ranked player in the world.
Usage:
rank as / among... 位列……
rank with / alongside... 与……同等重要
rank high / low 排名高/ 低
rank in order of difficulty / size 按照难度/ 大小等排列
rank second / third 位列第二/ 第三
top-ranked players 高排位选手
predict vt. see or describe (a future happening) in advance, as a result of knowledge, experience, thought, etc. 预言，预告，预见
e. g. 1. He predicted that war would break out in the next few years.
2. Sales were five percent lower than predicted.
temptation n. sth. very attractive, a thing or situation that tempts one 很有诱惑力的东西；吸引人的场面
e. g. 1. Will they be able to resist the temptation to buy a new car?
2. I finally gave in to the temptation and had a cigarette.
transform vt. [(into)] change completely in form, appearance, or nature [常与into连用]改变，使转化，使改观
e. g. 1. A little paint will soon transform this old car.
2. Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly transform herself into a radiant star.
只要有相机对准玛丽莲，她即刻使自己变为光彩熠熠的明星。
Noun:
transformation
fantasize vi.[(about)] form strange or wonderful ideas in the mind [常与about连用]想象，幻想
e. g. 1. He liked to fantasize about winning a gold medal in the national games.
2. There?s nothing wrong with fantasizing, as long as you don?t lose touch with reality.
幻想并无害，只要你不要脱离现实。
temporarily ad.in a way that lasts only for a limited time 暂时地，临时地，短时间地
e. g. 1. The peace agreement has at least temporarily halted the civil war.
2. Due to a small fire, the office will be closed temporarily.
earnest a.determined and serious, esp. too serious 郑重其事的，非常认真的
e. g. 1. Despite their earnest efforts, they still failed to win the support from their opponent party.
2. When I looked over, he was in earnest conversation with his father.
cover vt.report the details of (an event) for a newspaper, TV station, etc. 报道
e. g. 1. Over a hundred newspaper reporters from all over the country gathered at the town to cover the trial.
2. The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.
image n.the general opinion about a person, organization, etc., that has been formed or intentionally created in people?s minds （人、社团等在人们心目中的）形象，印象
e. g. 1. Because of his good public image he has successfully remained in office.
2. The advertisements are intended to improve the c ompany?s image.
acknowledge vt.
1. accept or admit (as); recognize the fact or existence (of) 承认；供认
e. g. 1. He acknowledged having been defeated in the election.
2. Stephen acknowledged Henry as his heir.
斯蒂芬接受亨利为自己的继承人。
2. report that one has received (sth.) 告知已收到（某物）
e. g. I would be grateful if you would acknowledge receipt of this letter.
3. express thanks for (sth.) 为（某事物）表示感谢
e. g. His services to the country were never officially acknowledged.
他对国家所作的贡献从未受到过正式的表彰。
4. show that one has noticed or recognized (sb.) by a smile, nod of the head, greeting, etc. 以微笑、点头、
打招呼等表示注意到或认出（某人）
e. g. I was standing right next to her, but she didn?t even acknowledge me / my presence.
我就站在她旁边, 可是她连个招呼都不跟我打。
intrinsic a.[(to)] being part of the nature or character of sb. or sth.; inherent [常与to连用]固有的；本质的；
内在的
e. g. 1. The face value of the coin is a pound, but its intrinsic value is just a few pence.
2. Diamonds have little intrinsic value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity. Antonym:
extrinsic
set one’s sights on aim at; direct one?s efforts towards 志在……，力求
e. g. 1. When he was at high school, Ralph already set his sights on a law degree from Stanford.
2. I?ve set my sights on winning the championship.
in sb’s presence when sb. is there 在某人的面前
e. g. 1. Try not to mention this matter in his presence; he would get annoyed.
2. The document was signed in the presence of two witnesses.
louse up / mess up make worse rather than better 〖美，俚〗弄乱，搞糟，搞坏
e. g. 1. The rain has loused up / messed up my holiday plans.
2. It took me ages to get this right — I don?t want some idiot to mess it up.
live with accept (a difficult or unpleasant situation, esp. one that continues for a long period) 容忍，忍受（困难或不快的局面）
e. g. 1. Urban inhabitants have to live with the noise of traffic.
2. Although I never really liked it, at least I learned to live with the heat after a few months.
plot out
1.make a plan of action 制定出行动计划
e. g. All our activities for the next month are plotted out in advance.
2. make a plan or map of sth. 绘制图
e. g. We plotted out a graph to show the increase in sales figures this year.
nothing but only 只有；只不过
e. g. 1. Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.
2. The government?s latest promises are nothing but a further attempt to deceive the public.
tire of become bored with; be tired of 对……厌烦
e. g. 1. They never tire of hearing that story again and again about their daddy?s childhood.
2. He never tires of talking about the good old days.
for good for ever 永远
e. g. 1. That sweet day will be for good cherished in his memory.
2. We've separated from each other before, but I think it?s for good this time.
pass into enter (a place or state) 进入（地方或状态）
e. g. 1. If your stomach is empty, the alcohol will pass into your bloodstream more quickly.
2. Many foreign words have passed into the English language.
set out begin a usu. long or difficult course of action with a clear purpose （目的明确地）开始（一个通常是长期的或困难的行动过程）
e. g. 1. Months before the art festival, they set out to compose music, rehearse dances and design costumes.
2. They set out with the aim of becoming the number one team in the league.
Usage:
set out to do sth. 开始做……
set out with the idea / purpose / intention etc. of doing sth. 带着……的目的开始做
what if (esp. in making suggestions) what will happen if…? （尤用于提出建议）如果……怎么样？
e. g. 1. What if you were to run out of money? What would you do?
2. I sat till lunchtime thinking, “What if he doesn?t come back?”
set sb. up
1. establish, arrange or organize 确立，安排，为……做好准备
e. g. Recently he has been doing a lot of homework and setting himself up for the coming job interview.
2. make sb. healthier, stronger, more lively, etc 使某人更健康、强壮、活跃等
e. g. A week in the country will set her up nicely after her operation.
3. provide sb. with the money to start a business, buy a house, etc. 使某人有钱创业、买房子等
e. g. Her father set her up in business.
4. arrange for two people to meet, because you think they might start a romantic relationship 安排两人见面
e. g. “How did you meet Nick?”“A friend set us up.”
5. trick someone in order to achieve what you want 设陷阱欺骗某人
e. g. Cox claimed that the police had tried to set him up.
Section B Difficult Sentences
1.It didn?t take long after the tragedies, though, for celebrities to find their way back into the spotlight.
(Para. 12)
1) What does “the tragedies” refer to?
Answers for reference:
The tragedies are the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, as the author mentioned in Paragraph 9.
2) What does “though” mean in this sentence?
Answers for reference:
It means “however”.
3) Translate the following Chinese into English by imitating the above English sentence from the text.
然而，很多年后政府才意识到以环境为代价来换取经济发展是得不偿失的。
Answers for reference:
It took many years, though, for the government to realize that they lost more than they gained from sacrificing the environment for the economic development.
2.But what if by setting certain kinds of goals, young people really are setting themselves up for future
unhappiness? (Para. 16)
1) Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
Answers for reference:
然而，年轻人在树立目标时，要是给自己树立的是未来的不幸，那该怎么办呢？
2) To your understanding, what “kinds of goals” will set young people up for “future unhappiness”?
Answers for reference:
As stated in Paragraphs 14 and 15, those who set extrinsic goals like fame, wealth, or public image will be less happy than those “who set intrinsic goals”, such as “to achieve personal growth or to build better relationships with friends or family”.
Section C Comprehension questions
▇Comprehension questions (Paras. 1-2)
Q:What is the most sought-after goal among many Americans?
A:The most sought-after goal among many Americans is fame.
Q:What did the survey conducted by Girls' life magazine reveal?
A:It revealed that fame was the most popular goal among American teenagers, with 35 percent of the respondents saying they wanted to be famous.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 3)
Q:What were the findings of the survey conducted by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting?
A:The survey showed that after wealth, fame was the dream most pursued by many American teens and that qualities like beauty and singing talent also ranked high.
Q:What is the suggested reason for the high ranking of beauty and singing talent?
A:The suggested reason is that beauty and singing talent are the very qualities that help young people speed up their journey to fame.
Q:What can we learn from Paras.2 and 3?
A:We can learn that many Americans, especially American teenagers, are obsessed with fame. This assertion is supported by the findings of the surveys conducted by Girls' life magazine and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 4)
Q:What are the dangers of fame according to the author?
A:According to the author, fame may 1) induce one to spend money senselessly; 2) louse up one?s normal relationships with one?s family members; 3) mess up one?s life with drugs or alcohol; 4) burden one with pressures from work and life; 5) seduce one into undergoing dangerous plastic surgeries so as to meet the public?s expectations; and 6) deprive one of the right to privacy.
Q:Is it beneficial to spend a lot of money on plastic surgery?
A:No, multiple plastic surgery operations do more harm than good, as is evident amongst the rich and famous. The face of the deceased star, Michael Jackson, is a good example of what an obsession with plastic surgery can do.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 5)
Q:What is the reason given in Para. 5 for our desire to be famous today?
A:We all want to be famous today because today, more than ever before, reaching for fame is no longer the privilege of the few; the mass media provides easy and fast access for ordinary people to become famous.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 6)
Q:What else paves the way to fame besides TV?
A:Recording and filming equipment, publishing software, and the Internet pave the way to fame because these things are accessible to the public.
Q:How is it that fame has become an easy reach for everybody?
A:TV and other types of modern-day technology offer more chances for self-promotion and ordinary people can show their talent at little cost.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 7)
Q:What is the reason given in Para.7 for the public?s yearning for fame?
A:According to the author, ours is a star-struck society and we live in a culture obsessed with the daily lives of famous people. The public yearns for any details they can get about celebrities. This star-worship leads to the pursuit of fame.
Q:What can we usually find when walking through the checkout line at any local grocery store?
A:We can find the checkout line at any local store flooded with magazines reporting on the lives of famous people. At least three out of four magazines feature a celebrity on the cover and promise some juicy bit of celebrity gossip inside.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 8)
Q:What is the role that TV plays in creating a star-struck society?
A:Just like magazines, TV also plays a key role in creating a star-struck society. TV is a big part of our lives, and since TV shows are filled with celebrities, we are surrounded by famous people even in our own homes.
▇Comprehension questions (Paras. 9-10)
Q:How did the September 11 terrorist attacks affect Americans? celebrity frenzy for the first few days after the tragedy?
A:For the first few days after the tragedy, people felt that reporting on celebrity gossip would be trivial and that there were more important things to focus on.
Q:How do you interpret the last sentence in Para. 10?
A:The last sentence in Para. 10 tells us that even a gossip columnist became sobre in the face of the terrorist attacks. Rather than write celebrity gossips, he would prefer to do something more meaningful such as donating blood to those who got wounded during the terrorist attacks.
▇Comprehension questions (Paras. 11-12)
Q:How did celebrities manage to attract public attention again?
A:Celebrities soon find their way back into the spotlight by giving charity performances or other forms of donation to disaster relief.
Q:Did the September 11 tragedy change Americans? attitude towards fame and celebrities for good?
A:No, addiction to celebrity is still the social norm, and even a tragedy like the September 11 terrorist attacks could only capture society?s attention for a short period of time, failing to change Americans? priorities for good.
▇Comprehension questions (Paras. 13-14)
Q:What is meant by “extrinsic goals”?
A:Extrinsic goals refers to strong aspiration for something outside of yourself, such as fame, wealth, power, social position and public image.
Q:Is it advisable to strive for extrinsic goals?
A:No. According to the author, extrinsic goals have obvious disadvantages. First of all, when you are motivated extrinsically, your sense of accomplishment depends on the acknowledgment of others, since extrinsic goals are motivated by factors that are outside of yourself. Secondly, extrinsic goals bring one less happiness and a lower sense of well-being than intrinsic goals do.
▇Comprehension questions (Para. 15)
Q:What is meant by “intrinsic goals”?
A:Intrinsic goals are motivating factors that are inside you. They include goals such as health, personal growth, better relationships with friends and family.
Q:Which type of goals makes people happier, extrinsic or intrinsic goals?
A:According to the text, it is intrinsic goals that are positively associated with well-being and happiness. ▇Comprehension questions (Paras. 16-17)
Q:What does the author think of fame?
A:The author thinks that fame, an extrinsic goal, may give people instant success but cannot bring happiness and a lasting and strong sense of well-being.
Part IV Optional Classroom Activities
Take the following quiz and find out what potential you have to achieve success. Be honest with yourself when you make your choice.
Are You on Your Way to Success?
1) How often do you believe you can accomplish something if you put your mind to it?
a) Rarely. b) Sometimes. c) All the time. d) Never.
Explanation: As long as you have confidence in yourself, and hold the belief that anything is possible, you are already on your way to success.
2) How often do you find yourself saying things like “I can?t”, “That?s impossible” or “N ot in this lifetime”?
a) Rarely. b) Sometimes. c) All the time. d) Never.
Explanation: If you always close your eyes to possibilities, you will attempt nothing and accomplish nothing. Such a pessimistic attitude can never make a successful person.
3) If you had 10 million dollars, what would you do with the money?
a) I would spend the money as soon as possible.
b) I would pursue my dreams that I have not previously had the resources for.
c) I would do pretty much the same as I do now.
d) I would put the money in the bank.
Explanation: Successful people know their goals and would waste no time in pursuing them. If you believe what you are doing now would lead you to success, the 10 million dollars might speed you up on your way to success but would not change what you are doing now.
4) Do you think that education and talent are vital to success?
a) Not really. To me, persistence and determination are more important.
Unit Two Optimism and Positive Thinking Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ■ Working with Words and Expressions 1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: positive startled perspective harden shape address crises curse incredible 10) conversely 11) issue 12) response 13) prior 14) rare 15) accomplish 2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: get the hang of have lived through makes a difference have no idea concerned with slipped over ran into in reverse mull over ■ I ncreasing Your Word Power 1. D ecide whether “do ”, “make ”or “take ”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary. ■ A nswers: does make take do make Take done taken making ))))))))) ))))))))) ))))))))) 10) took
K e y s U n i t Vocabulary I. event 2. refill their hearts and minds with their cultural traditions 6. The reason he resigned is still unknown. 7. I remember the morning he first came to school. 8. I 'll never forget the day we first met. III. more formal f less formal: 2, 3, 1; 4, 6, 5. IV. 1. When Mrs. Brown arrived home, she found that her flat had been robbed and all her silver had been taken. Enquires were made by the police to find out possible clues. The burglar hasn 't been caught yet but he is expected to be arrested before long. 3. the American beliefs, values and loyalties 4. true demonstration of what happened 5. brief experience or idea 6. live in the way of II. 1. took pride in 2. was immersed in with 4. h ad … been exposed to 5. in his mind of 7. convey … to III. 1. fluency obtainable 5. personification promptly 8. turned 2. enrollment 3. resonating …to 3. ' s eye 4. 6. enlightenment 7. globalization 8. IV. C, B, A, C, C, D, D, C V. 1. education instruction, accessible 3. tale, story 5. begin, start, commence 7. comfort, relaxation, ease VI. 1. literature 5. quickly Grammar I. 1. why 5. where illumination 2. 6. a glimpse available, attainable, 2. joined 6. has 2. where 6. where 4. harmless, auspicious 6. tackle, face, handle 8. immigrate 3. motionless 4. more than 3. when 7. why 4. where 8. when II. 1. Sam knows where we are meeting. 2. / 3. Four o ' clock in the afternoon is the time he always reads. /Four in the afternoon is when he always reads. 4. /
2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→ especially
necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake ea sily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many h igh → highly a pparently → apparent r emarkably → remarkable p robable → probably No Mistake (III)Grammar Task 1: (1)would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can’t (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1)We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2)On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3)When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4)To write well, a person must read good books. (IV)Cloze (1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim (7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as (13) because (14) individual (V)Translation 1. Translate the sentences (1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. (2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.
新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版课后题答案-综合教程 新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版综合教程课后题答案 Unit One Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions
1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: bunch 1)amazed 2)shift 3)bundle 4)drop 5)capacity 6)participating 7)style 8)commerce 9)rob 10)symbol 11)appreciated 12)displayed 13)slip 14)conquer 15)roast 16)figured 17) 2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers:
The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is...related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid... of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It's no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly quick cheaply cheap continually continual probably probable adventurously adventurous finally final steadily steady slowly slow solemnly solemn really real apparently apparent tentatively tentative exactly exact 4. No Mistake especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake individually → individual much → many high → highly apparently → apparent remarkably → remarkable probable → probably No Mistake (III) Grammar Task 1: (1) would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can't (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1) We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2) On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3) When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4) To write well, a person must read good books. (IV) Cloze
Teaching Planning College English Integrated Course Book Three Unit Two The Freedom Givers Zhong wen 1.Background Information Teacher: zhong wen Students: 56 sophomores Content of the textbook: unit-2 text A the Freedom Givers Textbook: foreign language teaching and research press Time duration：10 minutes 2.Textbook Analysis The author tells three stories about the Underground Railroad and early Black civil rights movement. The three stories are chosen because they are representative of all participants in this movement: John Parke r is a freed slave who later turned into a courageous “conductor”; Levi Coffin is a brave white “conductor”; Josiah Henson is a slave who struggled his way to freedom with the help of the Underground Railroad. We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In this way the author achieves coherence of text. 3.Students Analysis The class is made up of 56 students, with 30 girls and 26 boys ,who have a good knowledge of Basic English, but know very little about the American culture behind the language. So in this introduction part, It is necessary to introduce some background information to the students before reading 4.Teaching Objectives Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea(early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the underground Railroad) 2.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text, 3.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit 4.Appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer (comparison and contrast, topic sentence followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices,etc.); 5.Teaching Procedures: Greetings Step 1 Lead-in T: Today we are going to talk about the ethic heroes in American history, before the class, I’d like to introduce the slavery to all of you. T: Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, during his term of office; he led the civil war and abolished the slavery. T: In the battle against slavery, not only did the president try his best to abolish this system, but also the people, especially the black people living in the South America try hard to fight for their own feat. Today, we will introduce some freedom givers in the American history. Before
1)What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker.(我不曾想到，随着时间的流逝，我果真以身为社工而感到自豪） 2)Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!”(奶奶迅速瞥了一眼墙上的时钟，发出一声惊呼;天哪，我们要赶不上火车了！) 3)At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances?(我总在幼儿园门口看到一些孩子抓住父母不让走。请问；在这种情况下，年轻的父母是得对孩子严厉些，赶紧离开？） 4)In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. （昏暗的路灯下站着一个哭泣 的小女孩。） 5)When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6)Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. 1)In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take / receive the maximum while you give the minimum. （无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。） 2)I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all. （我 把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人） 3)We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease. （我们带父母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但是一切都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病) 4)Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect dayto express love to the object of your / one’s affection. 5)In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost / virtually simultaneous. 6)Love needs to be nurtured, and the “eternal / everlasting love”that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other. 1)The gasoline price is now at an all-time high, which has brought about wide public concern. (当下汽油价格达到历史新高，这引发了公众的广泛关注） 2)He found that fish and rice feature the Japanese diet, and he then proceeded to write a report on Japanese cooking culture. （他发现鱼和米方是日本人的饮食特色，随即开始就日本饮食文化撰写一份报道） 3)The spectators expected me to come in first but they were in for a shock. With a tumble, my chances for a gold medal in figure skating evaporated. （观众们以为我会轻而昐举名列第一名，哪知我使他们大吃一惊。因为跌倒，我获得花样滑冰金牌的希望就化为了泡影） 4)He was a beggar but he didn’t look the part at all, because he was clean-shaven, wearing glasses and a brand-new suit.
Unit One Living in Harmony Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers: 1)bunch 2)amazed 3)shift 4)bundle 5)drop 6)capacity 7)participating 8)style 9)commerce 10)rob 11)symbol 12)appreciated 13)displayed 14)slip 15)conquer 16)roast 17)figured 2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆Answers: 1)in rich contrast to 2)are exposed to
全新版大学英语综合教程 第二版课后练习答案 This manuscript was revised on November 28, 2020
Unit1 Ways of Learning Vocabulary I 1. 1)insert 2)on occasion 3)investig ate 4)In retrospect 5)initial 6)phenomen a 7)attached 8)make up for 9)is awaiting 10)not; in the least 11)promote 12)emerged 2. 1)a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south. 2)is said to be superior to synthetic fiber. 3)as a financial center has evolved slowly. 4)is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. 5)by a little-known sixteen-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines. 3. 1)be picked up; can’t accomplish; am exaggerating 2)somewhat; the performance; have neglected; they apply to 3)assist; On the other hand; are valid; a superior II 1)continual 2)continuous 3)continual 4)continuous 5)principal 6)principal 7)principle 8)principles 9)principal III herself by herself/on her own by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercises
综合教程1 unit1 anguish n. 痛苦；苦恼vt. 使极度痛苦 vi. 感到极度的痛苦 beloved n. 心爱的人；亲爱的教友 adj. 心爱的；挚爱的 breathing n. 呼吸；瞬间；微风 adj. 呼吸的；逼真的 v. 呼吸（breathe的现在分词） confront vt. 面对；遭遇；比较 conspicuously adv. 显著地，明显地；超群地，惹人注目地 evil n. 罪恶，邪恶；不幸 adj. 邪恶的；不幸的；有害的；讨厌的 gracefully adv. 优雅地；温文地 gravely adv. 严重地；严肃地；严峻地；沉重地 haven n. 港口；避难所，安息所 vt. 为……提供避难处；安置……于港中 hoarse adj. 嘶哑的 kneel vi. 跪下，跪 note n. 笔记；音符；票据；注解；纸币；便笺；照会；调子vt. 注意；记录；注解part n. 部分；角色；零件adj. 部分的 vt. 分离；分配；分开adv. 部分地 vi. 断裂；分手 porch n. 门廊；走廊 rest n. 休息，静止；休息时间；剩余部分；支架vt. 使休息，使轻松；把…寄托于vi. 休息；静止；依赖；安置 rosebush n. 蔷薇丛；玫瑰丛；灌木 shudder n. 发抖；战栗；震动 vi. 发抖；战栗 summon vt. 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作 bring back 拿回来；使…恢复；使…回忆起来 give in v. 屈服；让步；交上 hand in hand 手拉手地；联合 have sth. in common 有共同之处 laughter and tears lock sth. away through one’s tears well up 涌出；流露；萌发
新世纪综合教程1课文翻译 Unit 1 优等生的秘诀 1 一位研究教育的老师针对成绩优异的学生做过重点研究，发现最聪明的学生不见得总能得高分。根据这位教授、其他教育专家以及优等生们自己的观点，懂得如何充分发挥自己的潜能对于学生来说更为重要。 2 在班上名列前茅的学生之所以学习优秀，是因为他们掌握了几个人人都可以轻易学到的基本原则。首先，优等生知道如何决定轻重缓急。他们从来不会为了打、看电视或者吃零食而牺牲学习时间。换言之，学习总是摆在娱乐之前。另外，优等生们总是注意随时随地学习。有位成绩优异的学生同时也是优秀的运动员，每天利用户外训练时间背生物学术语。而另一位学生则利用每天早上刷牙时间记一个新单词。所有受访的学生无一例外都认为，在什么时间学习完全是个人偏好问题。有些人在夜深人静时学习效果最好，有些人则喜欢趁着自己还能清晰地记得上课所讲的容，一放学回家就开始学习。尽管如此，所有优等生都一致认为，如果想任何时候都表现优秀，一个主要的因素就是要持之以恒。 3 学生还必须学会有条理。举个例子，有一位优等生在学校乐队、田径队、橄榄球协会和辩论小组里都很活跃。他透露，他之所以把东西放得井井有条是因为他浪费不起到处找东西的时间。还有一位学生喜欢把当天的笔记马上整理出来并放进用不同颜色标记的文件夹里，以便临近考试时能随时用来复习。优等生们提倡的另一个技巧是有效的阅读，其中包括快速阅读，提高记忆能力以及主动提出问题以便充分理解作者的意思。 4 对于学生们来说，合理安排时间也同样重要。他们必须懂得如何根据每天的时间表和学习能力来安排做作业和项目的速度，不至于让手头的工作压得喘不过气。能制定时间表不仅让学生能够腾出更多时间来复习和完善功课，而且还能防止他们拖拖拉拉。成绩优异的学生认为，他们成功的一大秘诀就是上课时做好笔记，供复习时使用。有个学生透露，她把从课文上摘抄的容记在笔记本的一边，把课堂笔记写在另一边。这样，就可同时复习到两方面的容。她还透露，她不会浪费下课铃响前的几分钟跟朋友交头接耳，准备随时冲出教室。相反，她会利用这几分钟用两三句话概括那节课的要点，然后在下次上课前浏览这些笔记，借以加深印象。 5 老师们提倡的致胜秘诀是尽力让自己的作业整洁。有位老师说，学生交上整洁作业就已向高分迈进了一步。在课堂上大胆发言和提问也同样重要，这或许是学生澄清疑问的最好办法。课堂参与还能反映一个学生的求知欲。有个学生概括得好，“好成绩来自透彻的理解”。 6 在一所世界顶级大学进行的一项实验证明了小组学习的价值所在。研究表明，学生们如果一起讨论家庭作业和问题，尝试不同的解决办法，并且互相解释各自的答案，分数就会比那些单独用功的学生要高。实验也证明了学生间互相进行模拟测试或自我测试的好处。这就是说，学生们根据笔记设计可能的试题，在考试前一天相互之间进行书面测试或自测。专家们证实，那些能设计模拟试题的学生，往往会在正式考题中发现很多相同的试题，自然能得高分了。 7 优等生使用的另一个技巧是超额完成规定的家庭作业。一位学生透露，老师若是布置五道题，她会做上十道。用她的话说，“练习是学习的一部分。练得越多，学到的也越多。”最后一点同样不容忽视：所有的专家和优秀学生都认为，优等生们之所以成功，父母的功劳至关重要。从孩提时起，父母就给他们灌输学习的重要性，为他们制定高标准，并且引导他们达到这些标准。在学习方面他们给孩子以鼓励，而不是代劳。这些父母从不给孩子施加压力，永远都温柔慈爱，不厌其烦地解释和激励。他们使孩子们铭记肩负的责任，而孩子们则将其付诸实践
Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ. 1. 1.has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2.was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’
time. 4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5.buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1.reputation, rigid, to inspire 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as
6.about 7.to 8.in, in 9.from 10.on/upon 2.surprise 3.pulled 4.blowing 5.dressed
6.scene 7.extraordinary 8.image 9.turn 10.excitement company’s safety rules. 5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a
新世纪综合教程1第二版答案 新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案(全) ：彭健宁的日志 The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) municate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) aording to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly quick cheaply cheap continually continual probably probable adventurously adventurous finally final steadily steady slowly slow solemnly solemn really real apparently apparent tentatively tentative exactly exact No Mistake especial→especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake individually →