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高中英语语法---限定性与非限定性讲解

高中英语语法---限定性与非限定性讲解
高中英语语法---限定性与非限定性讲解

非限定与限定性

非限定性定语从句的用法

⒈ which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分

⒉ 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which,at which,for which 或on which

Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.

人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislikes it.

我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反。

We arrived the day that(on which) they left.

刚好我们到的那天他们走了。

⒊ 有时as也可用作关系代词

⒋ 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who,whom代表人,用which代表事物.

“限定和非限定”性定语从句的区别

1 限定性定语从句:

不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整

非限定性定语从句:

可以省略,如果省略整个句子意思仍然完整

2 限定性定语从句:可以用that 引导

非限定性定语从句:不可以用that 引导

3限定性定语从句:关联词有时可以省略

非限定性定语从句:关联词不可以省略

4限定性定语从句:不用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开

非限定性定语从句:用逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开

5限定性定语从句:只能修饰先行词

非限定性定语从句:可以修饰先行词,也可以修饰整个句子或句子的一部分

这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别:

限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧凑,对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉,会影响句子意思的完整性;有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如:

Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .

为了加速他们各自所在国家的经济发展,热带雨林作为有价值的原木和其他资源正为人们所砍伐。

Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow.

洋流影响其流经的附近地区的气候。

They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.

他们向我们解释为什么他们不喜欢我们的原因。

非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散,它与主句之间有一个逗点","隔开;它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用,只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉,也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因,非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外,非限定性定语从句在中文译文里,我们往往将其作为一个分句处理,而不把它作定语翻译。例如:Earlier,the Babylonians had attempted to map the world,but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere,which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .

(此句中,非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。)

更早之前,巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图,但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。

The combination of satellites,which transmit

information,computers,which store information,and television,which displays information,will change every home into an education and entertainment center .

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