重点词汇
1.quality 质量，品质
2.willing 愿意
3.active活跃的
4.fight打仗，斗争
5.peaceful和平的，平静的
6.prison监狱
7.period时期
https://www.doczj.com/doc/114872116.html,w法律
9.advise建议10.continue继续 11.stage阶段，舞台 12.vote投票 13.attack进攻，攻击 14.position 位置，职务 15.accept接受 16.equal平等的，相等的 https://www.doczj.com/doc/114872116.html,cate教育 18.fear担忧，害怕 19.reward报酬，回报 20.opinion意见，看法
短语
1.worry about 担忧
2.be equal to 等于
3.out of work 失业
4.in trouble 在麻烦中
5.be sentenced to 被判刑
6. lose heart 灰心丧气
7.be free from 没有，不受
8.help... with. . .在某方面帮某人
9.be willing to 愿意 10.as a matter of fact 事实上 11.fight against 反抗，和…斗争 12.put…in prison 把…投进监狱 13.set up 成立 14.blow up 炸毁 https://www.doczj.com/doc/114872116.html,e to power 当权，上台 16. escape from 从…逃跑 17.find out 查清楚，弄明白 18.break the law 犯法 19.beg for 乞求20. stop…from… 阻止…做 21. fall ill 生病22. achieve one’s dream 实现梦想 23. be hopeful about 对…充满希望
句型
1. This was a time when...这是一个......的时期。
2. The first time …第一次…的时候
3. Only 修饰状语放句首引导倒装句
4. should have done本应做某事而未做
5. stop... from doing sth.阻止……做某事
能力拓展
1. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. 我们被放在这样一个处境：要么承认我们不如白人重要，要么和政府作斗争。
fight 短语
fight +n. 与------ 作战 / 打架 = fight against sth
fight for 为了----- 而战
fight against 与------作战 / 斗争
fight with 与------作战 / 并肩作战
fight back 还击
fight sb/sth off 抵抗或击退
fight about/over sth 因…而争吵
例如：
(1) fight a cold 抗感冒 fight a battle/ a war 打仗
(2) fight off repeated enemy attacks 击退敌人一次又一次的进攻
(3) fight for independence/ equal rights为了独立/平等权利而战
(4) fight against poverty/ injustice 与贫穷/不公正作斗争
(5) If the enemy comes, we’ll fight back. 如果敌人来，我们将还击。
(6) Two dogs are fighting over a bone. 两只狗在为一块骨头撕咬。
(7) We will have to fight against difficulties. 我们将不得不与困难作斗争。
2. devote
devote oneself/sth to sb/sth为某人/某事付出(时间，精力等)例如：
(1) He left office to devote more time to his family. 为了给家人更多时间，他放弃了职
(2) After he graduated he continued to devote himself to research.
毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。
devoted adj a devoted fan/ friend/supporter 忠实的粉丝/朋友/支持者
devotedly adv.
It is an army which serves the people devotedly. 这是一支忠诚地为人民服务的军队。
devotion n. 深爱，忠心，虔诚
She will be remembered for her selfless devotion to the cause.
她将因为对工作无私的奉献而被人们纪念。
拓展：should在虚拟语气中的用法
(1)用于主语从句中
主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
常这样用的形容词有：
appropriate适当的， advisable适当的，合理的， desirable理想的， important 重要的insistent坚持的，natural自然的，necessary必要的，preferable优越的，strange 奇怪的，urgent紧迫的，vital极其重要的
常这样用的过去分词有：
desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required等。
例如：
It is important that you (should) win the voters’hearts.赢得选民的心是很重要的。
It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.有人提议他应该参加俱乐部的活动。
(2)用于表语从句和同位语从句中
表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、命令、主张、目的和愿望等名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。
常这样用的名词有：
resolution决心，决议，pray恳求，decision决议，motion提议，suggestion建议，preference选择，proposal提议，advice劝告，recommendation推荐，desire愿望，demand 要求，requirement要求，order命令，necessity必要性，request要求，idea主意、想法，例如：
He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained. 他下令热情款待这些客人。
His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits. 他提议我们应该除掉这些坏习惯。
(3). 用于宾语从句中
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
①某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。其形式为：(should)+动词原形。常这样用的动词有：
ask要求，advise劝告，determine决定，decide决定，command命令，insist坚持，intend打算，prefer宁愿，propose提议，order命令，recommend推荐，request要求，require要求，suggest建议，urge主张，demand要求，desire渴望，direct命令，例如：
He insisted that the meeting (should) be put off. 他要求推迟那个会议。
They proposed that all the plans (should) be discussed at the meeting. 他们建议所有的计划都应该在会上讨论。
②在以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，其形式为：(should)+动词原形。这一句型中使用的形容词(宾补)与主语从句中的虚拟语气所使用的形容词相同。例如：
We think it advisable that he (should) think deeply before acting.我们认为他在行动之前好好考虑一下才是明智的。
It's important that he (should) learn to read. 他学会阅读是重要的。
注意： suggest不表示"建议"，而表示"暗示、表明"时;insist不表示"坚持要某人做某事时"，而表示"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
判断改错:
(错) Your pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill. 你苍白的脸表明你病了。
(错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
(对) I insisted that you were wrong. 我坚持认为你错了。
4. I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 我知道它会帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。
equal
n.. 对手, 匹敌, 同辈
adj. 平等的, 胜任的
vt. 等于, 比得上
习惯用语:
be equal to 等于; 有...的能力[勇气, 力量等], 胜任, 忍耐得住
be the equal to one's word 说到做到
be without equal 无比, 无敌
feel equal to [口]能胜任, 有能力去做
例句：
(1)Women demand equal pay for equal work. 妇女要求同工同酬。
(2)She did not feel equal to receiving visitors. 她的身体不适, 不能接见客人。
(3)He is my equal in strength. 他和我力气一样大。
(4)He is equaled by no one in kindness. 没有人比他更善良。
5. You cannot imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid. 你不能想象罗本岛这个名字多么令我们害怕。
imagine 想象;设想;认为
[+ (that)] (1)Imagine (that) you're eating an ice cream ---try to feel how cold it is.
(2)They hadn't imagined (= expected) (that) it would be so difficult.
[+ wh-] (1)Can you imagine how it feels to be blind?
(2)I can't imagine what he looks like. 我想象不出他是什么长相。
[+ ing] She imagined herself sitting in her favorite armchair back home.
[+ sb/sth +(to be)+adj]
Don't imagine yourself to be always correct. 不要以为自己总是对。
imagination n. 想象力
Imagination is more important than knowledge. 想象力比知识更重要。
imaginary adj. 想象中的，虚构的
All the characters in this book are imaginary. 这本书中的人物全是虚构的。
imaginative adj. 富于想象力的 imaginative writers 富有想像力的作家
6. It was a prison from which no one escaped. 那是一个没有人从那里逃掉的监狱。
escape v,n 逃脱;避免
verb. [+ from] A lion has escaped from its cage. 一只狮子从笼子里跑了。
[+ sth] (1)She was lucky to escape serious injury. 她很幸运避免了严重的伤害。
(2)Nothing important escapes her notice / attention. 重要的事她总能注意到。
[+ v-ing] He narrowly escaped punishment / being punished. 他侥幸逃脱了惩罚。
[+ sb] His name escapes me (= I have forgotten his name). 我想不起他的名字了。
noun:
They had / made a narrow escape when their car crashed. 撞车时他们勉强逃过一劫。
escaped adj. an escaped prisoner 一个逃犯
7. They said the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. 他们说这份工作和从新的南非政府领到的薪水是对我多年为黑人的平等权利而战的回报。
reward n;v
noun [C] 报偿;酬金;赏金;奖赏
(1)There's a reward for whoever finishes first. 第一个完成的人有奖赏。
(2)The police offered a big reward for any information about the robbery. 警方为获得抢劫案的线索而重金悬赏。
verb: 奖赏;给(某人)报酬
(1)The company rewarded him for his years of service with a grand farewell party. 公司用一个盛大的告别会来回报他多年的服务。
(2)All his hard work was rewarded (= was made worth it) when he saw his book in print. 当他看到自己的书出版时，他所有的辛苦都得到了回报。
rewarding adj. 值得做的，有益的;令人满意的
It is a rewarding job. 这是个值得做的工作。
8. The scientist from whom … never lost heart when he was in t rouble. 那位科学家在困难时从不灰心丧气。
(1)heart短语
lose heart 灰心, 泄气
lose one’s heart to 爱上, 喜欢
at heart 从内心来说
heart and soul 全心全意
break one’s heart 使心碎
put one’s heart into 把全部心思放在…
learn / know by heart 记熟
例句：①Please don’t lose heart. You still have m ore chances.
②She lost her heart to him as soon as she saw the handsome soldier.
③It breaks my heart to see him crying. 我看见他哭，感到很难过。
④He devoted himself heart and soul to his work. 他全心全意致力于工作。
(2)trouble短语
in trouble 有麻烦
ask for trouble 自寻麻烦
make trouble 制造麻烦
take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事
get into trouble 遇到麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
save / spare trouble 省去麻烦
短语填空：① He never came except when he was ________________ (有麻烦).
② Don’t imagine that you’re the only person ________________ (不幸).
③ The boy _________________ (出事了) when he left home to live in London.
④ That’s none of your business. Please don’t ___________________ (自寻麻烦)
⑤ No trouble was ____________________(节省) to ensure your comfort.
Keys:
① in trouble② in trouble ③ got into trouble ④ ask for trouble ⑤ saved/spared
9. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. 这件事很危险，因为如果我被抓住，我可能会被投进监狱。
prison 短语
be in prison 在狱中
go to prison 入狱
put…in prison / send…to prison / throw…into prison 把…投入监狱
be taken to prison 被关进监狱
break prison 越狱, 从狱中逃走
注意: 以上短语prison前不带冠词, 常见的这类名词有：
bed，university，sea，class，school，hospital, home, town等，常构成固定搭配如下：
go to school去上学 go to bed去睡觉 go to market去市场
go to church去做礼拜 in prison坐牢 in hospital住院
in class上课 at table进餐 at school上学
考题： While he was at ______ college, he took part in political activities, and was soon thrown into ______ prison. A. the; / B. /; the C. /; / D. the; the
答案是C。第一空表示上大学，第二空表示入狱，都不要冠词。
10. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 黑人不能投票也不能选择他们的领导。
choose用法：
choose + n . 选中
choose +to do 决定;愿意
choose from / between 从…选择
choose sb. + as 选某人当…
choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物
choose + wh- + to do
cannot choose but do 只好做----
(1) Some people say that they _______ to live in the countryside.
A. enjoy
B. feel like
C. choose
D. miss
(2) There are five pairs _______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen
B. to choose from
C. to choose
D. for choosing
Keys : (1)C (2)B
choice noun [C or U] an act or the possibility of choosing:
(1) It's a difficult choice to make. 这个选择很难做。
(2) It's your choice/The choice is yours (= only you can decide). 你来决定。
(3) It was a choice between pain now or pain later, so I chose pain later. 这是一个先痛和后痛之间的选择，我选后痛。
(4) Now you know all the facts, you can make an informed choice. 现在你了解情况了，你可以根据了解的情况作出选择。
(5) I'd prefer not to work but I don't have much choice (= this is not possible). 我不愿意工作，但我没什么选择余地。
(6) He had no choice but to accept (= He had to accept). 他没办法只能接受。
(7) Is she single by choice? 她自己选择单身的吗?