2012年“上外杯”上海市高三英语竞赛
初赛试卷
考生注意：
一、本卷共13页，64小题，满分100分。答卷时间90分钟。
二、本卷所有题目为选择题，请将所选答案用2B铅笔点涂在答题卡上。
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. (1*20)
1.There _______ no colorful night life like going to pubs or going to cinema,
people living in the countryside usually go to bed early.
A. is
B. be
C. to be
D. being
2.____________, I would have chosen not to tell him on his birthday that he had
failed the final exam.
A. Was I given another chance
B. Given another chance
C. Had I given another chance
D. Had I been given another chance
3.To feed the planet?s seven billion people, farmers will need crops that t hey can
grow in saltier soils and an atmosphere _______ more carbon dioxide and ozone.
A. to be filled with
B. filling with
C. being filled with
D. filled with
4._____________________, all the athletes competing at the 2012 London
Olympic Games, were treated as heroes when they returned to the country.
A. Whatever brilliant achievement they made or not
B. However brilliant achievement they made or not
C. However brilliant they made achievement or not
D. They made whatever brilliant achievement or not
5.Feminist sociolinguists, over the course of the last few decades, have conducted
studies _____ they believe support the conclusion _____ women are routinely discriminated against in English-speaking society.
A. what…which
B. w hat…that
C. which…what
D. that…that
6.Human beings get goose bumps and chills when we are scared for the same
reason ______ cats fluff up when they?re threatened.
A. as
B. that
C. why
D. like
7.The amount of digital data available to us _______ every year, but the amount of
time and energy we can devote to understanding it remains the same.
A. much doubles
B. more doubles
C. more than doubles
D. more doubles than
8.The Sumerians, an ancient people of the Middle East, had a story _______the
invention of writing more than 5,000 years ago.
A. to explain
B. to have explained
C. explaining
D. explained
9.Not only ______________, but they affect our everyday language—there are a
lot of “cats” and “dogs” in English, including proverbs, sayings, idioms and other expressions.
A. domestic animals are men?s companions
B. men?s companions are domestic animals
C. are domestic animals men?s companions
D. men?s companions domestic animals are
10.The history of cheerleading __________ the late 1880s.
A. goes back as far in
B. goes far back as
C. goes as far back as
D. goes as far back as in
11.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we ________________ hold poor models.
A. deliberately
B. conspicuously
C. subconsciously
D. conscientiously
12.In the ________ earlier this year, various treatments, like drugs to fight the virus,
were delivered to patients in that country.
A. illness
B. epidemic
C. sickness
D. disease
13.It has proved that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment”
period from birth to three may ________ a child?s personality in later life.
A. smash
B. strain
C. scar
D. strip
14.New Zealand lays claim to approximately 700 species of seaweed, some of which
have no _________ outside that country.
A. representative
B. representation
C. presentation
D. representing
15.At the Olympic level, where athletes are in roughly the same physical condition,
the difference between victory and defeat often _______ their mental status.
A. boils down to
B. dwells on
C. attributes to
D. contributes to
16.Some 98 percent of working climate scientists agree that the atmosphere is
already warming __________ human greenhouse-gas emission.
A. in view of
B. in accord with
C. in line with
D. in response to
17.Because of climate-change-induced environmental degradation, scientists
________ that tens of millions of people will move into today?s small and medium-size cities.
A. preach
B. project
C. propose
D. pledge
18.Teenagers often focus on what they?d like to do and ______ other considerations.
A. brush around
B. turn over
C. keep off
D. set aside
19.When we walk, instead of turning all calories into lift or forward motion, we turn
most of them into heat that?s quickly _________.
A. dispatched
B. dissected
C. dissipated
D. diverged
20.The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving
__________ and has done so for billions of years.
A. consistently
B. circularly
C. continentally
D. continuously
II. Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. (1*20)
(A)
With children and their development, nothing is more important than imagination to help with the growth of thought processes and creativity. Children that are able to get away from it all and place themselves, ___21___, in another world are more likely to be able to think “outside the box” and produce more creative results when learning and working. For this reason, the importance of imagination cannot be ___22___ and should be encouraged when raising children.
Parents know the importance of curiosity in children. Curiosity holds an important place in the minds of kids because it helps provide them with the ___23___ to explore objects and places that they do not know. Children become curious from a very young age and begin to wonder about various ___24___ in this broad universe, but it is imagination that helps carry the child beyond the boundaries of imagination and into a new world of ___25___.
It is imagination t hat begins to develop and occupy a very vital place in a child?s mental world. With imagination, a child can move mountains, transport himself to a distant world, make himself smaller or larger, or disappear from sight. Imagination allows children to form new ideas and explore old ideas, all at once. For children with more to escape in their ___26___ realities, such as abuse victims or children with separated parents, imagination plays an even more critical role in development as it ___27___ with coping.
As parents, it is critical to promote imagination through various activities and ideas. ___28___ children to fantasy worlds through books and television shows. Discuss these ideas together and explore your children?s ideas. Don?t judge them for the ideas they think of, but rather explore them together and ask questions to promote more thought through imagination. This will help children flesh out and ___29___ ideas through their imagination, leading to the building blocks of creative thinking.
When children get scared, it is important to show them compassion and belonging. This can be accomplished through the use of imagination ___30___. Any toy or activity that promotes imagination is a tremendous asset for preparing children for the
world and allowing them the space in which to truly and safely grow up.
21. A. intelligently B. physically C. mentally D. actually
22. A. challenged B. underestimated C. overestimated D. measured
23. A. ability B. advantage C. will D. chance
24. A. notions B. species C. concepts D. findings
25. A. expansion B. daydreaming C. thought D. discovery
26. A. unavoidable B. unfortunate C. unreliable D. unbelievable
27. A. aids B. combines C. fixes D. compares
28. A. Throw B. Expose C. Take D. Allow
29. A. identify B. justify C. modify D. solidify
30. A. at play B. at work C. at home D. at school
(B)
Although people may not agree on a definition of charisma, they can generally agree on who has it and who doesn?t. Ask people to list charismatic ___31___ figures and John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Ronald Reagan, Bill Clinton, and Barack Obama are commonly and frequently mentioned. Ask about charismatic people from the world of entertainment and Oprah Winfrey ___32___ the list.
On the surface, charismatic individuals, such as Bill Clinton, Mohandas Gandhi, and Oprah Winfrey seem to have ____33____ in common (besides being in positions of influence and leadership). But they all are ____34____ as having that “something special” that is charisma.
What is charisma? This question has been studied for more than 30 years and some people have a good understanding of the personal ___35____ that can make any individual “charismatic.” This “personal charisma” is not the same as charismatic leadership, but charismatic leaders possess most, if not all, of the ____36____ building blocks of personal charisma.
Personal charisma is a constellation of complex and sophisticated social and emotional skills. They allow charismatic individuals to affect and influence others at a ___37____ emotional level, to communicate effectively with them, and to make strong interpersonal 38 .
Charismatic individuals express their feelings spontaneously and genuinely. This allows them to affect the moods and emotions of others. We all know charismatic people who seem to “light up the room” when they___39____. They typically express positive effect, but they can also stir up others when they are angry or irritated.
Truly charismatic individuals have the ability to control and regulate their emotional displays. They are good emotional actors, who can ____40____ the charm when they need to.
Charismatic people are skilled and entertaining conversationalists. They certainly affect us with their emotional expressiveness, but there is also power in their words. Nearly all charismatic leaders are effective public speakers.
31. A. presidential B. public C. democratic D. charitable
32. A. ranks B. overwhelms C. tops D. dominates
33. A. much B. nothing C. little D. something
34. A. recognized B. recommended C. bestowed D. received
35. A. characters B. characteristics C. intelligence D. qualities
36. A. basic B. utmost C. general D. solid
37. A. surface B. reasonable C. deep D. substantial
38. A. responses B. interactions C. association D. connections
39. A. talk B. think C. enter D. depart
40. A. turn on B. put out C. show off D. depend on
III. Reading
Section A
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)(2*3)
Awesome Achievement
Your college graduation
Fills us with love and pride.
We always knew that you could do
Whatever you really tried.
It’s a long and challenging journey
To get a college degree,
But you wouldn’t quit it, you just went and
did it,
And we’re beaming affectionately.
Your achievement is awesome, my kid; You’ve worked hard and you’ve passed the
test.
We love you so, and we want you to know,
We think you’re the very best!
By Joanna
___________
Mom, from the time I was really young,
I realized I had someone...you,
who always cared,
who always protected me,
who was always there for me no matter
what.
You taught me right from wrong, and pushed me to do the right thing, even when it was hard to do.
You took care of me when I was sick,
and your love helped make me well.
You had rules,
and I learned that when I obeyed them, my life was simpler, better, richer.
You were and are
the guiding light of my life.
My heart is filled with love for you, my teacher, my friend, my mother.
By Karl
41. The two ______ are taken from a famous website for kids reading.
A. novels
B. poems
C. advertisements
D. journals
42. Joanna shows ______.
A. her great pride to her son’s graduation
B. her gratitude to her mom after graduation
C. her happiness in passing the final exams
D. her joy in the hard and challenge journey
43. ______ is most suitable title for Karl’s works.
A. Guiding Light Mom
B. When I was young
C. No matter what
D. The rules to follow
(B) (2*4)
It’s raining bacteria....
For clouds to form so it can rain or snow, tiny droplets of water or ice crystals must attach themselves to even smaller particles in the air, known as cloud seeds. Until now scientists have said that these cloud seeds that help make it rain have been mostly things like soot, dust and sea salt.
Now, however, research has found that living things may be much more important cloud seeders than first thought. Climate scientists looked at snow and ice samples from all over the world and found that every one of them had at least some micro-organisms such as bacteria in them.
Bacteria finds its way into the air after being disturbed off plants growing on farms, and it is at least one source responsible for making it rain or snow.
This discovery means that researchers are better able to make links between the living world and our climate. Some researchers also say this new information may help scientists bring rain, artificially, to dry areas.
44. In the past, scientist regarded all the things except ______ as cloud seeds.
A. soot
B. smaller particles
C. bacteria
D. dirt
45. What does the word “disturbed” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A. interrupted
B. moved
C. worried
D. broken
46. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Micro-organisms are more important in rain-form than first thought.
B. Smaller articles are vital in the process of clouds and rain forming.
C. Soot, dust and sea salt are normally cloud seeds.
D. Dry areas need more bacteria to get sufficient rain dropping.
47. The findings will help researchers ______.
A. understand the creatures and climate better
B. find a new way to prevent the rain pouring
C. realize the importance of bacteria in nature
D. know that there must be bacteria in raindrops
(C) (2*5)
CATHOLIC COLLEGE BENDIGO
HOMESTUDY AND HOW TO STUDY—SOME SUGGESTIONS Before you begin:
?Make a set time for study.
?If possible, set up a permanent study area. (If this is not possible, find privacy in a
quiet area. You need to be alone.) Do not try to work with TV, radio or conversation to distract you.
?Organise your books so that they are in order and you know where they are.
?Keep your work space clear of materials and objects.
?When you are studying, have with you only the books and notes you require. This
will avoid distraction.
?Use a good light which is not in a position to shine in your eyes.
?Allow fresh air into your room.
?Use a comfortable chair with a good back support.
Time Management:
(Use your diary for time management)
At the beginning of each week:
?List before and after school activities such as sport, practice sessions, music
lessons, homestudy.
?List the tests to be done that week and on which day.
?List the assignments and essays due and on which day.
?Check your progress on a long term assignments. Do a small amount regularly. ?Set time for study.
?Allow time fro revision.
?Check what you need for the next day.
?Make sure you have done due assignments.
?Pack your bag with books and equipment you will need.
?List the books etc. you will need to bring home for tomorrow night?s ho mestudy
(Use your diary for reminders).
What homestudy time is used for:
?To prepare for lessons (collect what is needed research etc).
?To complete the work (such as assignment).
?To complete work not finished in class.
?To revise and understand work done in class.
?To write down questions about what you can?t understand.
?Read for relaxation and enjoyment.
Work Habits:
?Do the hardest subject/assignment first while you are fresh.
?Take a 10-minute break every hour.
?Use your time at school effectively. It will cut down home study time.
?Revision of work done in class before commencing set homestudy will help to
make revising for tests easier.
Notes:
?Have a separate folder for each subject.
?Use plenty of headings.
?Use sub-headings.
?Be neat in your layout. It is easier to read.
?Organise your notes by colour highlighting them.
?Numbering the points can be useful.
?Leave wide margins for comments.
?Date the notes.
?Store the notes in order.
Researching Your Assignments:
1. CHOOSE your topic:
—what is it exactly that I need to know?
—what questions do I have to answer?
2. FIND the relevant book/s and write down the title/s in your folders. RECORD the information for bibliography NOW (See point 10).
3. Use the
(a) Index
(b) Table of contents to find your facts easily and quickly
4. READ the information in the book/ articles.
5. USE the vertical file which is in ALPHABETICAL ORDER.
6. TAKE NOTES by reading a paragraph at a time and writing brief points i.e. a)…
b)…
7. MAKE USE OF MAPS, DIAGRAMS AND TABLES
8. USE headings and sub-headings to highlight your points.
9. JOIN the points together in your own words.
10. BIBLIOGRAPHY—in alphabetical order, by author?s surname, e.g. Smith, John Industrial Revolution, Ringwood: Penguin, 1983. Pages 13, 16-19, 58. Record this information as you go (see Point 2). If you can follow these points assignments will be easier.
48. The passage is most probably taken from ______.
A. a student guidance
B. an enrollment
C. a new product brochure
D. a college calendar
49. Before you begin, students should do all the following EXCEPT ______.
A. set up a permanent study area
B. make adjustment of desk lamp
C. eliminate distractions from learning
D. check what you?ll do next day
50. On Mondays, students should ______.
A. ensure which day is the deadline for assignments
B. make a list of hardest subjects of the whole week
C. finish the long term assignments in this term
D. set a definite time for self-learning after school
51. When you take notes, you should ______.
A. set aside empty space at the side of page to make comments
B. take down what the professors have mentioned in class
C. put all the learning materials into one big folder
D. put the folder in alphabetical order
52. Which section will teach you how to put a collection of resource materials in order?
A. Time Arrangement
B. Work Habits
C. Before You Begin
D. Researching Your assignments
Section B (3*7)
Directions: Read the following passages with the same topic. They are followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
Topic: Sleep yourself thin. Really?
①Modern society is becoming more sleep-deprived and fatter, but are the …epidemics? related? Tim Olds and Carol Maher take a closer look at the evidence.
②The key to maintaining a healthy weight may not be about how much you sleep, but when you sleep.
③The idea of …sleeping yourself thin? has a lot of appeal. So much nicer than the cold morning jogs and the low-calorie lentil soup. “Just another half hour, darling, I'm trying to lose weight.”
④And for once, science seems to be on our side. Insufficient sleep has been associated with everything from suicide to memory loss, hyperactivity to failure at school, immune problems to … obesity.
⑤Short sleepers are fatter. Most population studies find a U-shaped relationship between sleep duration and the likelihood of being overweight or obese, the risk being lowest in normal (seven to eight hours per night) sleepers, and higher for those sleeping less than five hours or more than nine hours a night.
⑥Studies in the lab have helped to identify some possible mechanisms. When people are sleep-deprived, blood sugar levels are elevated, sympathetic nervous system activity is higher, and levels of leptin and ghrelin (hormones which respectively suppress and stimulate appetite) are tilted in favour of over-eating. All of this would be expected to lead to fat accumulation.
⑦What?s more, it seems that the obesity epidemic has coincided with an epidemic of sleep loss. Our work has shown that over the last 100 years, globally, kids have lost 75 minutes of sleep a day, although Australia has gone against the trend, with Australian kids sleeping longer than before. About half of all adults say they need more sleep, the average perceived sleep deficit being about 25-30 minutes per night.
⑧All seems right for a sleep-led recovery from the obesity epidemic. But we should treat these studies with caution.
⑨For a start, Margaret Thatcher and Winston Churchill not withstanding, fewer than eight people in a hundred regularly sleep less than five hours a night. And they believe while kids may be sleeping less, historical trends in adult sleep are less clear. One recent study found no significant change between 1992 and 2006 in Australian adults, and UK data show a similar pattern. Furthermore, laboratory studies typically use extreme sleep deprivation in artificial environments (no drugs, no caffeine, no physical activity, artificial light-dark cycles), so it?s not at all clear how these findings translate into real-world situations.
⑩As sleep expert Jim Horne points out, extending sleep, even with the use of sleeping pills, would take years to have any noticeable effect on obesity, and the extra time spent sleeping would be better used just going for a walk. Although short sleepers are fatter than normal sleepers, the differences are very small (for example, the extra two hours? sleep normal sleepers get over five-hour-a-nighters reduces their waist girth by only two centimetres over many years), and may not have important health consequences.
?We should also be open to alternative explanations of these associations between short sleep and weight.
?In a recent study with kids, our group found that bedtime explained differences in weight. Even when adjusted for sleep duration, late bedtimes were associated with greater risk of obesity, lower levels of physical activity and higher levels of television viewing, as well as with less favourable dietary patterns (less fruit and vegetable consumption and more snack foods). It may be that late retirees and late risers just miss out on the good things of life (healthy breakfasts, morning jogs) and cop all the bad stuff (television, fast food, late night snacks).
?Sleep lobby groups and public health experts are constantly advising us to get more sleep. The notion of sleeping ourselves thin is appealing, but the evidence is mixed.
?And consider this: in our review of sleep recommendations for children since the end of the 19th century, we found that experts have always recommended that kids get about 30 minutes more sleep than they actually get, no matter how much sleep they were getting. So while the actual sleep duration of children fell by more than an hour over the last century, recommended sleep duration fell at exactly the same rate.
?It seems that for many of us, we can just never get enough sleep.
53. The mention of …morning jogs? and …lentil soup? is to show______.
A. sleep is more effective in losing weight
B. jogging in the morning is terribly cold to people
C. too much sleep will lead to obesity
D. lentil soup sometimes accounts for memory loss
54. …Our side? (in Para. 4) refers to the belief that ______.
A. all the terrible things come from insufficient sleep
B. lack of sleep is the causes of several illnesses including overweight
C. the more you sleep, the more likely you are to be overweight
D. five hours? sleep is the normal standard for most people
55. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a result of insufficient sleep?
A. Big appetite.
B. Lower blood sugar levels.
C. Immune problems.
D. Poor academic performance.
56. Margaret and Winston would ______ the idea of …sleeping yourself thin.?
A. come up with
B. partly support
C. disagree with
D. show no interest in
57. Which of the following statements is TURE according to Paragraph 9?
A. The study of children sleeping deprivation in the lab isn?t reliable.
B. Only eight percent of people have the normal sleeping duration.
C. Explanations of sleeping and overweight are very ridiculous.
D. Late bedtimes are associated with greater risk of obesity.
58. The author believes that ______.
A. we should reconsider the explanations of the link between sleep duration and
weight
B. the explanations of the link between sleep duration and weight are reliable
C. more time of sleep will have no noticeable effect on those people who suffer
from overweight
D. UK data show the significant change in children sleep duration between 1992
and 2006
59. It can be inferred from the last sentence …It seems that for many of us, we can…?that ______.
A. we need more sleep to stay healthy and keep fit
B. sleep recommendation is more than actual needs
C. many people suffer from lack of sleep
D. people slept more over the last century
Section C(3*5)
Directions:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
Five time management tips for creating more time
Once we?ve decided what?s really important to us we still need some practical suggestions to help us organize our time more efficiently. That?s the purpose of the following 5 time management tips.
60. ______
In order to avoid getting sidetracked and distracted, we need to know which activities deserve the lion?s share of our focus each day. The only way to stay on track is to write these things down according to their order of importance. Once an item is completed, check it off and move on. Unfinished items get carried over to the next day?s list.
61. ______
To find out where your time is going, try keeping a time log for a week or two. How much time is being lost on unimportant activities? Where do most of your interruptions come from? Do they occur during certain time periods or on specific days of the week? Once you have this information it will be easier to eliminate time wasting activities along with distractions and interruptions.
62. ______
If you cram too much into your schedule you will always feel rushed and frustrated, and in the end you won?t get much done. Try to be real istic about how many things you schedule into your day. An ounce of accomplishment is better than a pound of frustration.
63. ______
In all honesty, I struggle with this one. I can spend endless amounts of time trying to get something just exactly perfect. Don?t spend 90% of your time trying to make a 3% improvement. It?s important that we know when it is time to move on to the next activity. Learn to let good be good enough.
64. ______
Sometimes the best approach is to just start working on the project. Do n?t get too weighed down planning every little detail and end up never getting started. Once you start working you will discover what needs to be done. Even if you wind up having to backtrack a little bit, you will still be ahead of the game because you are taking action instead of waiting.
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷） 语文Ⅰ 一、语言文字运用（15分） 1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都相同的一组是：（3分）（A） A．舟楫/编辑道观/冠名权濒临/彬彬有礼B．蹒跚/珊瑚嫁接/度假村布帛/并行不悖 C．慑服/拍摄昭示/软着陆荒诞/肆无忌惮D．忏悔/阡陌储蓄/处方药复辟/刚愎自用 答案：A [解析]B项“帛（bó）”与“悖（bèi）”读音不同，C项“昭（zhāo）”与“着（zhuó）”读音不同，D项“忏（chàn）”与“阡（qiān）”读音不同。 [评点]从考查的内容上看，有形近字（共四组）、同音字（共八组），而且以同音字考查为主导，这是比较少见的，这也体现了命题人的胆识；在读音不相同的选项中只设一组读音不同，做到了命题的规范，也大大降低了试题的难度，因而一上来就给考生坚定了信心。但是，同音字考查过多，并且同音字除了同音之外之间再没有其他任何联系，比如“嫁”与“假”，“帛”与“悖”，“昭”与“着”，等，并组考查根本没有多少实际意义，给人的感觉好像只是两个同音字简单地组合在一起而已，并不是一种负责任的对人才选拔性的考查。所以从此题内容上说，命题有些低幼化，也间接地帮扶了不愿识记的当代中学生，而且还“促进”了当代中学生识记能力逐步退化的倾向。 2．在下面一段话空缺和依次填入成语，最恰当的一组是：（3分）（C） 笔名满天下而原名湮没无闻者，事实上等于____________。人家给咱们介绍一位沈雁冰先生，不如介绍茅盾来得响亮；介绍一位谢婉莹女士，不如介绍冰心来得____________。等到自己也肯公然承认名叫茅盾或冰心的时候，仍不失为行不更名、坐不改姓的好汉。千秋万岁后，非但真假难辨，而且____________。 A．改名换姓大名鼎鼎弄巧成拙B．移花接木如雷贯耳弄巧成拙C．改名换姓如雷贯耳弄假成真D．移花接木大名鼎鼎弄假成真 答案：C [解析]第一空根据“笔名满天下而原名湮没无闻”应填“改名换姓”，“移花接木”含有“暗中更换人和物，以假乱真”之意，与前文语境不符；第二空根据沈雁冰之例中有“来得响亮”一语，
2012年江苏省高考数学试卷 一、填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共计70分．请把答案填写在答题卡相应位置上． 1．（5分）已知集合A={1，2，4}，B={2，4，6}，则A∪B=_________． 2．（5分）某学校高一、高二、高三年级的学生人数之比为3：3：4，现用分层抽样的方法从该校高中三个年级的学生中抽取容量为50的样本，则应从高二年级抽取_________名学生． 3．（5分）设a，b∈R，a+bi=（i为虚数单位），则a+b的值为_________． 4．（5分）图是一个算法流程图，则输出的k的值是_________． 5．（5分）函数f（x）=的定义域为_________． 6．（5分）现有10个数，它们能构成一个以1为首项，﹣3为公比的等比数列，若从这10个数中随机抽取一个数，则它小于8的概率是_________． 7．（5分）如图，在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AD=3cm，AA1=2cm，则四棱锥A﹣BB1D1D的体积为_________ cm3．
8．（5分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，若双曲线的离心率为，则m的值为_________． 9．（5分）如图，在矩形ABCD中，AB=，BC=2，点E为BC的中点，点F在边CD上，若=，则 的值是_________． 10．（5分）设f（x）是定义在R上且周期为2的函数，在区间[﹣1，1]上，f（x）=其中a，b∈R．若=，则a+3b的值为_________． 11．（5分）设a为锐角，若cos（a+）=，则sin（2a+）的值为_________． 12．（5分）在平面直角坐标系xOy中，圆C的方程为x2+y2﹣8x+15=0，若直线y=kx﹣2上至少存在一点，使得以该点为圆心，1为半径的圆与圆C有公共点，则k的最大值是_________． 13．（5分）已知函数f（x）=x2+ax+b（a，b∈R）的值域为[0，+∞），若关于x的不等式f（x）＜c的解集为（m，m+6），则实数c的值为_________． 14．（5分）已知正数a，b，c满足：5c﹣3a≤b≤4c﹣a，clnb≥a+clnc，则的取值范围是_________． 二、解答题：本大题共6小题，共计90分．请在答题卡指定区域内作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤． 15．（14分）在△ABC中，已知． （1）求证：tanB=3tanA； （2）若cosC=，求A的值．
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 数学（文史类） 一、选择题：本大题共9小题，每小题5分，共45分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.设集合M={-1,0,1}，N={x|x 2=x}，则M ∩N= A.{-1，0，1} B.{0,1} C.{1} D.{0} 【答案】B 【解析】 {}0,1N = M={-1,0,1} ∴M ∩N={0,1} 【点评】本题考查了集合的基本运算，较简单，易得分.先求出{}0,1N =，再利用交集定义得出M ∩N. 2.复数z=i （i+1）（i 为虚数单位）的共轭复数是 A.-1-i B.-1+i C.1-i D.1+i 【答案】A 【解析】由z=i （i+1）=1i -+，及共轭复数定义得1z i =--. 【点评】本题考查复数代数形式的四则运算及复数的基本概念，考查基本运算能力.先把Z 化成标准的 (,)a bi a b R +∈形式，然后由共轭复数定义得出1z i =--. 3.命题“若α= 4π ，则tan α=1”的逆否命题是 A.若α≠4π，则tan α≠1 B. 若α=4 π ，则tan α≠1 C. 若tan α≠1，则α≠4π D. 若tan α≠1，则α=4 π 【答案】C 【解析】因为“若p ，则q ”的逆否命题为“若p ?，则q ?”，所以 “若α=4 π ，则tan α=1”的逆否命题是 “若tan α≠1，则α≠ 4 π”. 【点评】本题考查了“若p ，则q ”形式的命题的逆命题、否命题与逆否命题，考查分析问题的能力. 4.某几何体的正视图和侧视图均如图1所示，则该几何体的俯视图不可能．．． 是 【答案】D 【解析】本题是组合体的三视图问题，由几何体的正视图和侧视图均如图1所示知，原图下面图为圆柱或直四棱柱，上面是圆柱或直四棱柱或下底是直角的三棱柱，Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，都可能是该几何体的俯视图，Ｄ不可能是该几何体的俯视图，因为它的正视图上面应为如图的矩形.
2012年普通高等学校招生统一考试（理综化学） 6．下列有关化学键的叙述，正确的是 A．离子化合物中一定含有离子键 B．单质分子均不存在化学键 C．含有极性键的分子一定是极性分子 D．含有共价键的化合物一定是共价化合物 答案：A 【解析】离子化合物中一定含有离子键，A正确；只有单原子分子单质分子中不含化学键，B错误；CO2分子含有极性键，但CO2是非极性分子；NaOH等离子化合物含有共价键，但是离子化合物，不是共价化合物，D错误。 7．能正确表示下列反应的离子方程式是 A．硫酸铝溶液中加入过量氨水Al3＋＋3OH－= Al(OH)3↓ B．碳酸钠溶液中加入澄清石灰水Ca(OH)2＋CO32－= CaCO3↓＋2OH－ C．冷的氢氧化钠溶液中通入氯气Cl2＋2OH－= ClO－＋Cl－＋H2O D．稀硫酸中加入铁粉2Fe＋6H＋= 2Fe3＋＋3H2↑ 答案：C 【解析】A答案中氨水是弱电解质，应写成分子式，错误；B中澄清石灰水应写成离子形式，错误；D答案中铁粉与稀硫酸反应生成亚铁离子，错误。 8．合成氨所需的氢气可用煤和水作原料经过多步反应制得，其中的一步反应为： CO(g)＋H2O(g)催化剂 CO2(g)＋H2(g) △H < 0 反应到达平衡后，为提高CO的转化率，下列措施中正确的是 A．增加压强B．降低温度 C．增大CO的浓度D．更换催化剂答案：B 【解析】CO(g)＋H2O(g)催化剂 CO2(g)＋H2(g)是一个气体总体积不发生改变的反应，增大压强平衡不移动，CO的 转化率不变，A错误；反应式放热反应，降低温度平衡向放热方向移动，B正确；增大CO 的浓度，平衡向正反应方向移动，CO 的转化率降低，C错误；催化剂对化学平衡没有影响，D错误。 9．反应A+B→C(△H<0)分两步进行：①A+B→X(△H>0)，②X→C(△H<0)。下列示意图中，能正确表示总反应过程中能量变化的是 A B C D 答案：D 【解析】由反应A+B →C（△H ＜0）分两步进行①A+B→X （△H ＞0）②X→C（△H ＜0）可以看出，A+B →C（△H ＜0）是放热反应，A和B 的能量之和C，由①A+B→X （△H ＞0）可知这步反应是吸热反应，X→C（△H ＜0）是放热反应，故X的能量大于A+B;A+B的能量大于C,X 的能量大于C，答案：D。
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷） 英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。 第Ⅰ卷 注意事项： 1、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 2、本卷共55小题，共95分 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 01.---Can I have a day off tomorrow, Mr. Johnson? ---__________. I can manage without you. A.F orget it B. I’m afraid not C. It depends D. Of course 02.The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn’t read them until three later. A.w ere put B. was put C. put D. has put 03.You were working too hard. You’d better keep a ________between work and relaxation. A.p romise B. lead C. balance D. diary 04.The dog may be a good panion for the old. _______, the need to take it for walk s may be a disadvantage.
2012年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the cour t’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_.
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 法律硕士（非法学）专业学位联考专业基础课试题 一、单项选择题：1～40小题，每小题1分，共40分。下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。 4．下列犯罪属于纯正不作为犯的是( ) A重婚罪 B遗弃罪 C绑架罪 D掩饰隐瞒犯罪所得罪 【参考答案】B 5．甲（15周岁）盗窃他人钱包，被陈某发现，为栽赃物而当场使用暴力，失手将陈某打死，甲的行为构成（） A抢劫罪 B盗窃罪 C故意伤害罪 D过失致人死之罪 【参考答案】A 6．下列关于处理未成年人犯罪的表达，正确的是（） A对不满18周岁的犯罪人不得适用没收财产刑 B对犯罪的不满18周岁的犯罪人，应当减轻或免除处罚 C对罪行及其严重的未成年人犯罪，可以适用无期徒刑 D对未成年人因犯抢劫，绑架等暴力犯罪被罚处有期徒刑的均可假释 【参考答案】C 7．甲在乡村路上高速驾驶拖拉机，因视线不好将栓在路边的耕牛撞死，对甲的行为（） A不认定为犯罪 B以危险驾驶罪定罪处罚
C可以免予刑事处罚 D以交通肇事罪定罪处罚 【参考答案】A 8．某村委会主任甲利用服务便利，将国家下拨的扶贫款20万元用于炒股，后因亏损而无法归还，用的行为构成（） A贪污罪 B挪用公款罪 C挪用资金罪 D职务侵占罪 【参考答案】 9．警察甲因为公民吴某举报自己受贿而怀恨在心，遂用他人手机向某军官发了一条短信，捏造吴某与其妻同居的事实，该军官信任自己妻子未予理睬，甲的行为构成（） A诽谤罪 B诬告陷害罪 C报复陷害罪 D不构成犯罪 【参考答案】D 10．甲雇佣乙杀害胡某，并且带乙辨认了胡某，乙在某夜将王某误做胡某杀害（） A甲构成故意杀人罪 B甲构成故意杀人罪未遂 C乙构成故意杀人罪未遂 D 乙构成过失致人死亡罪 【参考答案】A 11．甲乙分别为国有公司总经理和副总经理二人挪用单位100万元公款给张三从事期货交易，收受并平分了张三15万元回扣，并揭发乙也收受了15万元回扣， 本案中，（） A甲在受贿罪上成立自首
2012年中央、国家机关录用公务员考试 《行政职业能力测验》试卷 第一部分常识判断 （共25题，参考时限15分钟） 根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 1．下列哪项是我国在“十二五”开局之年取得的科技成就（） A．我国首辆高速磁浮国产化样车交付使用，标志着我国已经具备了磁浮车辆国产化设计、整车集成和制造能力 B．我国具有自主知识产权的戊型肝炎疫苗研制成功，标志着我国在戊型肝炎疫苗研制上已经处于世界领先地位 C．我国第一台自行设计、自主集成研制的“蛟龙号”载人潜水器3000米级海试取得成功，标志着我国成为世界上掌握3500米以上大深度载人深潜技术的国家之一 D．国内首套具有自主知识产权的“机载SAR测图系统”研制成功，至此，我国可成功实现全天时、全天候从万米高空获取高分辨率测绘数据，及时动态监测地理国情 2．下列关于推进“十二五”期间资源节约和环境保护的表述，不正确的是（） A．我国耕地资源有限，要加大耕地保护工作的力度 B．提高森林蓄积量和覆盖率是“十二五”期间的重要任务 C．提高化石能源消费的比重，以降低能耗总值和排放水平 D．坚持保护优先和自然修复为主，加大生态保护和建设力度 3．在历史上中国共产党曾提出： ①讲学习、讲政治、讲正气；②知识青年到农村去；③枪杆子里面出政权；④科学技术是第一生产力。 上述口号论断按时间先后顺序排列正确的是（） A．②③④①B．③②④① C．②①③④D．③②①④ 4．下列关于我国民主党派和无党派人士的说法，不正确的是（） A．工商联不属于民主党派 B．民主党派是参政党，不是在野党 C．无党派人士是指不参加中国共产党也不参加民主党派的普通群众 D．中国共产党与民主党派将长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 5．关于欧洲主权债务危机的原因，下列说法不正确的是（） A．欧元升值B．欧元区经济低迷 C．巨额财政赤字D．财政政策与货币政策的不协调 6．为了抑制通货膨胀，国家宏观调控部门可以采取的措施是（） A．降低贴现率B．降低央行基准利率 C．提高个人所得税起征点D．提高银行存款准备金率 7．孔子在中国历史上留下了光辉的文化轨迹，下列关于孔子的说法正确的是（） A．著作《论语》，记录孔子本人及其弟子言行
2012年高考全国新课标政治试题 【解析版+标准答案】 12.货币最早以足值的金属货币形式出现的。随着商品生产和商品交换的发展，商品流通中产生了作为价值符号的纸币，并逐渐取代了金属货币。纸币之所以能取代金属货币，是因为（C） ①纸币容易产生，且同样具有充当贮藏手段的职能 ②使用纸币能够有效降低货币制作成本 ③纸币的使用范围更广 ④纸币同样能执行价值尺度和流通手段的职能 A.①② B.②③ C.②④ D.③④ 传统观点认为，纸币没有价值，不能执行价值尺度职能。这个得改了。 “纸币作为现行的货币，执行货币的价值尺度、流通手段、支付手段、贮藏手段、世界货币等职能。在现行货币制度即纸币本位制下，纸币的这些职能，是从它取代黄金的流通手段开始，然后逐步发展起来的。” 由美国次贷危机引发的国际金融危机，深刻影响了世界经济的发展，回答13-14题。 13.在国际金融危机的冲击下，一些国家先后陷入了经济持续下滑、失业率大幅上升的困境。各国政府对市场经济活动进行干预，其依据是（B ） ①市场调节具有盲目性和滞后性②市场经济具有开放性 ③政府具有经济管理职能④政府是超越市场利益的中立者 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④ 14.2012年1月，中国混凝土机械行业龙头企业之一的S公司宣布，将斥资3.6亿欧元收购德国P公司100％股权，P公司凭借领先的技
术优势在全球混凝土泵车市场占有率曾高达40％左右，国际金融危机爆发后，公司出现严重经营困难。S公司并购P公司的积极作用在于（Ｄ） ①形成行业垄断格局（无关）②开拓国际市场 ③加速资本周转（无关）④促进产品升级换代 A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.②④ 注意看懂材料的意思，红色部分就是选择D的依据。 15.2011年11月，美国发起了针对从中国进口的太阳能电池板的反倾销与反补贴调查：2012年1月，美国宣布对从中国进口的风力发电设备——应用级风塔发起反倾销与反补贴调查。美国频频发起针对中国新能源产品的反倾销与反补贴调查，限制中国产品进口，主要是因为（Ａ） A.美国欲以贸易保护措施扶持国内新能源产业发展 B.新能源产业是劳动密集型产业，美国需要其提供就业岗位 C.美国需要通过减少中国新能源产品进口能缩小与中国的贸易逆差（作用不大，不是主要原因） D.美国的新能源产业能过剩，不需要从中国大量进口相关产品（也不是主要原因） 16.2011年1月。R市以居住证制度取代暂住证制度，300余万生活在该市的流动人口告别“暂住”状态，在劳动就业、医疗卫生、教育等12个方面开始享受与市民同等的权益。这一举措（Ｂ） ①促进了社会公平正义②消除了收入再分配的差距
2012年北京市高级中等学校招生考试 数 学 试 卷（答案） 一、选择题（本题共32分，每小题4分） 下面各题均有四个选项，其中只有一个是符合题意的． 1． 9-的相反数是 A ．19 - B ．19 C ．9- D ．9 2． 首届中国（北京）国际服务贸易交易会（京交会）于2012年6月1日闭幕，本届京交会期间签订的项目成交总金额达60 110 000 000美元，将60 110 000 000用科学记数法表示应为 A ．96.01110? B ．960.1110? C ．106.01110? D ．110.601110? 3． 正十边形的每个外角等于 A ．18? B ．36? C ．45? D ．60? 4． 右图是某个几何体的三视图，该几何体是 A ．长方体 B ．正方体 C ．圆柱 D ．三棱柱 5． 班主任王老师将6份奖品分别放在6个完全相同的不透明礼盒中，准备将它们奖给小英等6位获“爱集体标兵”称号的同学．这些奖品中3份是学习文具，2份是科普读物，1份是科技馆通票．小英同学从中随机取一份奖品，恰好取到科普读物的概率是 A ． 16 B ．13 C ． 12 D ． 23 6． 如图，直线AB ，CD 交于点O ，射线OM 平分AOC ∠，若76BOD ∠=?，则BOM ∠等于 A ．38? B ．104? C ．142? D ．144? 7． 某课外小组的同学们在社会实践活动中调查了20户家庭某月的用电量，如下表所示： 用电量（度） 120 140 160 180 200
户数 2 3 6 7 2 则这20户家庭该月用电量的众数和中位数分别是 A ．180，160 B ．160，180 C ．160，160 D ．180，180 8． 小翔在如图1所示的场地上匀速跑步，他从点A 出发，沿箭头所示方向经过点B 跑到点C ，共用时30秒．他的教练选择了一个固定的位置观察小翔的跑步过程．设小翔跑步的时间为t （单位：秒），他与教练的距离为y （单位：米），表示y 与t 的函数关系的图象大致如图2所示，则这个固定位置可能是图1中的 A ．点M B ．点N C ．点P D ．点Q 二、填空题（本题共16分，每小题4分） 9． 分解因式：269mn mn m ++= ． 10．若关于x 的方程220x x m --=有两个相等的实数根，则m 的值是 ． 11．如图，小明同学用自制的直角三角形纸板DEF 测量树的高度AB ，他调整自己的位置，设法使斜边DF 保持水平，并且边DE 与点B 在同一直线上．已知纸板的两条直角边 40cm DE =，20cm EF =，测得边DF 离地面的高度 1.5m AC =，8m CD =，则树高AB = m ． 12．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，我们把横 、纵坐标都是整数的点叫做整点．已知点()04A ，，点B 是x 轴正半轴上的整点，记AOB △内部（不包括边界）的整点个数为m ．当3m =时，点B 的横坐标 的所有可能值是 ；当点B 的横坐标为4n （n 为正整数）时，m = （用含n 的代数式表示．）
2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一） The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust. The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D] eliminated 4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted
2012年普通高等学校招生统一考试（重庆卷）数学试题卷（文史类） 一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的 （1）命题“若p 则q ”的逆命题是 （A ）若q 则p （B ）若?p 则? q （C ）若q ?则p ? （D ）若p 则q ? （2）不等式 1 02 x x -<+ 的解集是为 （A ）(1,)+∞ （B ） (,2)-∞- （C ）（-2，1）（D ）(,2)-∞-∪(1,)+∞ 【答案】：C 【解析】： 1 0(1)(2)0212 x x x x x -
【考点定位】本题考查圆的性质，属于基础题． （4）5(13)x - 的展开式中3x 的系数为 （A ）-270 （B ）-90 （C ）90 （D ）270 （5） sin 47sin17cos30 cos17 - （A ）32- （B ）12-（C ）1 2 （D ）32 【答案】：C 【解析】： sin 47sin17cos30sin(3017)sin17cos30 cos17cos17 -+-= sin 30cos17cos30sin17sin17cos30sin 30cos171 sin 30cos17cos172 +-= === 【考点定位】本题考查三角恒等变化，其关键是利用473017=+ （6）设x R ∈ ，向量(,1),(1,2),a x b ==-且a b ⊥ ，则||a b += （A ）5 （B ）10 （C ）25 （D ）10 【答案】：B （7）已知
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文(山东卷)解析 [总评]题目难度不大，题难度以及题量等方面看与往年保持相对稳定，与往年相比，试题在保持时代特色、地方特色、生活特色的同时，更注重了内容的典型性与实用性，考点的设置清晰明确，不刁不钻，更加贴近考生实际，考查学生基础素养。自己感觉实用类文本比文学类文本类文本容易作答。 注：本答案为参考版，不是考试中心的标准答案，仅供参考。 一、(15分，每小题3分) 1.下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都相同的一组是 A、星宿/乳臭搭讪/赡养费粗犷/旷日持久 B、着实/斟酌砾石/沥青路鞭挞/纷至沓来 C、呜咽/奖掖瞋目/撑门面诘难/殚精竭虑 D、畜养/体恤锁钥/管弦乐迸发/屏气凝神 答案：B 解析：A、xiù;shun; guǎng/kuàng; B、zhuá; li; tà; C、ya; chēn/chēng; ji?; D、xù; yua; bang/bǐng 考点定位：识记现代汉语变通话常用字的字音，能力层级A(识记) 2. 下列词语中，没有特别字的一组是 A、镶嵌精萃休闲装轻描淡写 B、瑕疵鄙薄邀请赛赔礼道歉 C、怃然琵琶和稀泥玲珑剔透 D、推辞观摩元霄节伶牙俐齿 答案：C 解析：A、精粹； B、赔礼道歉； D、元宵节 考点定位：识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字，能力层级A(识记) 3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 ①春天的脚步近了，大草原上的冰雪渐渐成了朵朵白色的“大蘑菇”煞是壮观。 ②人与人之间要减少误会，化解矛盾，和谐相处，那么加强彼此是非常重要的。 ③每天天还没亮，位于城郊的农贸市场批发市场就起来，人们又开始了一天的劳作。 A、溶化沟通喧哗 B、溶化勾通喧闹 C、融化勾通喧哗 D、融化沟通喧闹 【答案】D 【解析】融化：指固体(如冰、雪等)受热变软或化为流体的过程。溶化：指固体在液体中溶解的过程，具体地说，是指某固态物质，在另一液态物质中分散成单个分子或离子的扩散过程。此过程不需加热，但必须有液体，所以三点水旁“溶”。题中应选“融化”。沟通：本指开沟以使两水相通。后用以泛指使两方相通连；也指疏通彼此的意见。勾通：暗中串通，贬义词。应用“沟通”。喧闹：1喧哗热闹：—的集市；2喧哗吵闹：大声—。喧哗：1形容词，声音大而杂乱；2动词：喧嚷。侧重“热闹、吵闹”，与“起来”搭配，应用“喧闹”。 考点定位：正确使用词语，能力层级D(表达应用) 4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是 A、在这次演讲比赛中，来自基层单位的选手个个表现出色，他们口若悬河，巧舌如簧，给大家留下了深刻印象。 B、陶渊明早年曾几度出仕，后来因为不满当时黑暗腐败的政治而走上归隐之路，过起了瓜田李下的田园生活。
1、关于证人证言与鉴定意见, 下列哪一选项就是正确的? A、证人证言只能由自然人提供，鉴定意见可由单位出具 B生理上、精神上有缺陷的人有时可以提供证人证言，但不能出具鉴定意见 C如控辩双方对证人证言与鉴定意见有异议的，相应证人与鉴定人均应出庭 D证人应出庭而不出庭的，其庭前证言仍可能作为证据；鉴定人应出庭而不出庭的，鉴定意见不得作为定案根据 2、关于缓刑的适用，下列哪些选项就是正确的? A、甲犯重婚罪与虐待罪，数罪并罚后也可能适用缓刑 B乙犯遗弃罪被判处管制1年，即使犯罪情节轻微，也不能宣告缓刑 C丙犯绑架罪但有立功情节，即使该罪的法定最低刑为5年有期徒刑，也可能适用缓刑 D 丁17岁时因犯放火罪被判处有期徒刑5年，23岁时又犯伪证罪，仍有可能适用缓刑 3、关于缓刑的适用，下列哪些选项就是正确的? A、甲犯重婚罪与虐待罪，数罪并罚后也可能适用缓刑 B乙犯遗弃罪被判处管制1年，即使犯罪情节轻微，也不能宣告缓刑 C丙犯绑架罪但有立功情节，即使该罪的法定最低刑为5年有期徒刑，也可能适用缓刑 D 丁17岁时因犯放火罪被判处有期徒刑5年，23岁时又犯伪证罪，仍有可能适用缓刑 4、根据《刑法》规定，国家工作人员利用本人职权或者(1) 形成的便利条件，通过其她(2) 职务上的行为，为请托人谋取(3)，索取请托人财物或者收受请托人财物的，以(4) 论处。这在刑法理论上称为(5) 。将下列哪一选项内容填充到以上相应位置就是正确的? A、(1) 地位(2) 国家机关工作人员(3) 利益(4) 利用影响力受贿罪(5) 间接受贿 B、(1) 职务(2) 国家工作人员(3) 利益(4) 受贿罪(5) 斡旋受贿 C、(1) 职务(2) 国家机关工作人员(3) 不正当利益(4) 利用影响力受贿罪(5) 间接受贿 D、(1) 地位(2) 国家工作人员(3) 不正当利益(4) 受贿罪(5) 斡旋受贿 5、李某不服区公安分局对其作出的行政拘留 5 日的处罚，向市公安局申请行政复议，市公安局作出维持决定。李某不服，提起行政诉讼。下列哪些选项就是正确的? A、李某可向区政府申请行政复议 B被告为市公安局与区公安分局
2012年下半年软考软件评测师考试试题(上午) ●在CPU中，（1）不仅要保证指令的正确执行，还要能够处理异常事件。 （1）A.运算器 B.控制器 C.寄存器组 D.内部总线 ●循环冗余校验码（CRC）利用生成多项式进行编码。设数据位为k位，校验位 为r位，则CRC码的格式为（2） （2）A.k个数据位之后跟r个校验位 B. r个校验位之后跟k个数据位 C．r个校验位随机加入k个数据位中 D. r个校验位等间隔地加入k个数据位中 ●不属于按寻址方式划分的一类存储器。 （4）A.随机存储器 B.顺序存储器 C.相联存储器 D.直接存储器 ●在I/O设备与主机间进行视频传输时，CPU只需在开始和结束时作少量处理， 而无需干预数据传送过程的是（5）方式。 （5）A.中断 B.程序查询 C.无条件传送 D.直接存储器存取 ●不属于程序的基本控制结构。 （6）A.顺序结构 B.分支结构 C.循环结构 D.递归结构 ●在编译过程中，进行类型分析和检查是（7）阶段的一个主要工作。 （7）A.词法分析 B.语法分析 C.语义分析 D.代码优化 ●在以阶段划分的编译器中，符号表管理和（8）贯穿于编译器工作始终。 （8）A.语法分析 B.语义分析 C.代码生成 D.出错处理 ●可用于编写独立程序和快速脚本的语言是（9） （9）A.Python B.Prolog C.Java D.C# ●M软件公司的软件产品注册商标为M，为确保公司在市场竞争中占据优势，对 员工进行了保密约束。此情形下该公司不享有（11）
（11）A.商业秘密权 B.著作权 C.专利权 D.商标权 ●X软件公司的软件工程师张某兼职于Y科技公司，为完成Y科技公司交给的工 作，做出了一项涉及计算机程序的发明。张某认为该发明是利用自己的业余时间完成的，可以以个人名义申请专利。此项专利申请权应归属（12） （12）A.张某 B.X软件公司 C.Y科技公司 D.张某和Y科技公司●算术表达式（a-b）*c+d的后缀式是（13） （13）A.abcd-*+ B.ab-cd*+ C.ab-c*d+ D.abc-d*+ ●假设实体集E1中的一个实体可与实体集E2中的多个实体相联系，E2中的一 个实体只与E1中的一个实体相联系，那么E1和E2之间的联系类型为（15）（15）A.1:1 B.1：n C.n:1 D.n:m ●假设关系R1和R2如下图所示： 若进行预算，则结果集分别为（16）元关系，共有（17）个元组。 （16）A.4 B.5 C.6 D.7 （17）A.4 B.5 C.6 D.7 ●在面向对象系统中，对象的属性是（20） （20）A.对象的行为特性 B.和其它对象相关联的方式 C.和其它对象相互区分的特性 C.与其它对象交互的方式 ●对象是面向对象系统的最基本的元素，一个运行期系统就是对象之间的协作。 一个对象通过（21）改变另一个对象的状态。 （21）A.另一个对象的修改操作符 B.另一个对象的选择操作符
1、关于证人证言与鉴定意见，下列哪一选项是正确的? A.证人证言只能由自然人提供，鉴定意见可由单位出具 B.生理上、精神上有缺陷的人有时可以提供证人证言，但不能出具鉴定意见 C.如控辩双方对证人证言和鉴定意见有异议的，相应证人和鉴定人均应出庭 D.证人应出庭而不出庭的，其庭前证言仍可能作为证据;鉴定人应出庭而不出庭的，鉴定意见不得作为定案根据 2、关于缓刑的适用，下列哪些选项是正确的? A.甲犯重婚罪和虐待罪，数罪并罚后也可能适用缓刑 B.乙犯遗弃罪被判处管制1年，即使犯罪情节轻微，也不能宣告缓刑 C.丙犯绑架罪但有立功情节，即使该罪的法定最低刑为5年有期徒刑，也可能适用缓刑 D.丁17岁时因犯放火罪被判处有期徒刑5年，23岁时又犯伪证罪，仍有可能适用缓刑 3、关于缓刑的适用，下列哪些选项是正确的? A.甲犯重婚罪和虐待罪，数罪并罚后也可能适用缓刑 B.乙犯遗弃罪被判处管制1年，即使犯罪情节轻微，也不能宣告缓刑 C.丙犯绑架罪但有立功情节，即使该罪的法定最低刑为5年有期徒刑，也可能适用缓刑 D.丁17岁时因犯放火罪被判处有期徒刑5年，23岁时又犯伪证罪，仍有可能适用缓刑 4、根据《刑法》规定，国家工作人员利用本人职权或者(1)形成的便利条件，通过其他(2)职务上的行为，为请托人谋取(3)，索取请托人财物或者收受请托人财物的，以(4)论处。这在刑法理论上称为(5)。将下列哪一选项内容填充到以上相应位置是正确的? A.(1)地位(2)国家机关工作人员(3)利益(4)利用影响力受贿罪(5)间接受贿 B.(1)职务(2)国家工作人员(3)利益(4)受贿罪(5)斡旋受贿 C.(1)职务(2)国家机关工作人员(3)不正当利益(4)利用影响力受贿罪(5)间接受贿 D.(1)地位(2)国家工作人员(3)不正当利益(4)受贿罪(5)斡旋受贿 5、李某不服区公安分局对其作出的行政拘留5日的处罚，向市公安局申请行政复议，市公安局作出维持决定。李某不服，提起行政诉讼。下列哪些选项是正确的? A.李某可向区政府申请行政复议
2012年考研英语（一）真题与答案解析 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial. Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not _5_by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to the rest of the federal judiciary. This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics. The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions _11_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely _14_. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it _16_ is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust. The justices must _18_ doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, _20_, convincing as law. 1. [A]emphasize [B]maintain [C]modify [D] recognize 2. [A]when [B]lest [C]before [D] unless 3. [A]restored [B]weakened [C]established [D] eliminated 4. [A]challenged [B]compromised [C]suspected [D] accepted 5. [A]advanced [B]caught [C]bound [D]founded