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新东方付莉莉:最新大学英语四级翻译考试题型分析及答题技巧

新东方付莉莉:最新大学英语四级翻译考试题型分析及答题技巧
新东方付莉莉:最新大学英语四级翻译考试题型分析及答题技巧

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华山位于华阴市,据西安120 公里。华山是秦岭的一部分,秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北,也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同,华山过去很少有人光临,因为上山的道路极其危险。然而,希望长寿大人却经常上山,因为山上生长着许多草药,特别是一些稀有的草药。自上世纪90 年代安装缆车以来,参观人数大大增加。

综述:

翻译一篇汉译英的文章,最主要的不是词汇,而是句式。一篇文章句式多变,主从分明,层次感强可以大幅度加分,弥补很多考生词汇量的不足。所以,这篇真题仍然沿着这个思路来剖析。

把中文的短句合成英文的长句最常用的方法是1 前后半句有名词上的重合信息点,那么可以用定语从句。2 前后半句有意思上的内在联系则多用状语从句。3 一个主语多个谓语多个分句,可用非谓语从句。4 一些其他的固定句式

1 华山位于华阴市,距离西安120公里

Huashan (which is) located/ situated/lies in Huayin city is 120 kilometers away from Xi’an.

解析:本句很简单,常规句式,因为两个分句主语都是华山,所以按照并列谓语方式处理,一个定语从句一个主句。

具体常用表达“位于…” ,可以用be located / situated /lies in…

2 华山是秦岭的一部分,秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北,也分隔华南与华北

It’s a part of the Qinlingmountain , which divides not only southern and northern Shaanxi, but also south and north China .

解析:本句很明显有“秦岭”这个重合名词,所以用定语从句which 指代秦岭。

另外,”分割”一词是重复使用的动词,按照英语动词不重复用的原则,只留一个,用not only…but also…连接句子。

3与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同,华山过去很少有人光临,因为上山的道路极其危险Compared with Taishan which has long been a popular pilgrimage, in the past, visiting Huashan couldn’t be counted as an informed choice due to the danger posed by its precipitous paths towards the summit .

解析第一个分句中泰山前面部分是定语,而原则上”的”前面的定语部分有动词则处理成定语从句。

细节处理上,“与…不同”可用unlike / compared with

后面句子相对好翻,可以选择直译如“Huashan was not well-visited in the past ,because it’s dangerous for climbers to reach the summit.

也可以根据文章的意思用翻译“得意忘形”的原则,用其他表达灵活翻译,如上例句。

4然而,希望长寿的人却经常上山,因为山上生长着许多草药,特别是一些稀有的草药However, those who wish themselves/ seek for health and longevity , regardless of /irrespective of the peril ahead, frequently climbed the mountain for herb medicine , especially some rarely-seen ones .

解析希望长寿的人定语部分有动词“希望”,可以处理成定语从句。

另外,总体句式可以灵活处理,主框架有两条线:一是“人上山采药“,二是”山经常有人登,因为山上有药“

5自上世纪90 年代安装缆车以来,参观人数大大增加。

Since the installation of the cable cars in the 1990s , the number of tourists has been rising sharply./there has been a sharp rise in the number of tourists.

解析固定时间表达法“自…以来”的固定套法,如”自上世纪70年代开个开放以来”翻译为“since the reform and opening up in the 1970s”

注意,since后必须接时间点,如”今年以来”译成“since the beginning of this year”Since…的时间表达词后半句必须用现在完成时,注意时态上的问题。

细节处理上,数量大大增加:rise /increase /grow significantly / sharply

泰山位于山东省西部。海拔1500 余米,方圆约400 平方公里。泰山不仅雄伟壮观而且是一座历史文化名山,过去3000 多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方。据记载,共有72 位帝王曾来此游览。许多作家到泰山获取灵感,写诗作文。艺术家也来此画画。山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。泰山如今已成为中国一处主要的旅游景点。

1泰山位于山东省西部。海拔1500 余米,方圆约400 平方公里。

Taishan ,with an altitude of 15 hundred meters above the sea , is located in the western part of Shandong province and cover the area of roughly 400 square kilometers.

解析这类句子比较常见,记住相对固定的翻译法就可以了,基本原则是把位于哪里,海拔多少,方圆多少这几个信息分句有机结合到一起,处理成主从句。

2泰山不仅雄伟壮观而且是一座历史文化名山,过去3000 多年一直是人们前往朝拜的地方

Taishan which has always been the destination of pilgrimage in the past 3000-odd years boasts both striking magnificence and culturalrichness .

解析前后半句的泰山和地方实际上是名词的重合,所以,把后半句的地方处理成which 接在前半句泰山后面,两个句子便有机结合在一起,在句式上得到加分点。

细节处理上,曾经反复强调的翻译法宝词boast/enjoy可以用在这里代替低端词has.

句子时态上,过去3000多年,应该用完成时而不是一般过去时。

3据记载,共有72 位帝王曾来此游览。许多作家到泰山获取灵感,写诗作文。艺术家也来此画画。山上因此留下了许许多多的文物古迹。

It’s recorded that there has been 72 emperors in total visiting here , besides , numerous writers have come here for inspiration in composing poems and essays and it has also drawn many painters capturing the beautiful views here,which is why massive historical resorts and cultural relics remain left intact .

解析据记载/据估计/据预计… it’s recorded / estimated/ predicted/projected that …

很明显最后一句是前面的结果,所以可以用定从which is why…或者直接用非谓语从句表达结果leaving … intact .

时态上因为没有具体的过去的一段时间,而是相当于“历史上”in history, 所以是现代完成时。

细节处理上,为了把各个分句连接起来,加了连词besides , 类似连词还有in addition / what’s more / plus

中特词文物古迹cultural relics and historical sites

4 泰山如今已成为中国一处主要的旅游景点.

Nowadays ,Taishan has become one of the most famous tourists attractions in china .

解析“…之一”的翻译一定注意one of 后面用最高级,并且用复数。

旅游常用词旅游景点tourists attraction / travel destination

非物质文化遗产intangible culture heritages

自然风光natural scenery

名胜古迹historical resorts

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