2011-6
protect/protection 保护
neglect 忽略
restore 恢复
damage 破坏
notion 概念
false 错误的
wearer 佩戴者
weaken 减弱
loss 失去
vision 视力=eyesight permanently 永久的achievement 成就=accomplishment
surgery 手术
accomplish 实现；完成=achieve belief 信念
proven 被证实的
evidence 证据
harmful 有害的
inappropriate 不恰当的
myth 神话；荒诞的说法dim 昏暗的
strained 紧张的
eyestrain 眼睛疲劳
replace 替换
transfer 转移
transplant 移植
nerve 神经
fiber 纤维
eyeball 眼球
attach 把…附在…上，把…固定
current 目前的=present
trend 趋势
nursing home 疗养院
day-care center 日护中心
well-equipped 装备精良的convenient 方便的
accessible 容易得到的；易接近的available 可得到的
adult 成年人
adult children 成年子女
commitment 承诺；承担的义务responsibility 责任
saving 储蓄
use up 用完
regret 遗憾；后悔professional 专业的
standard 标准的；标准affectionate 慈爱的；充满深情的cooperative 合作的
frank 坦白的；直率的
seek 寻求（过去式：sought）make full use of 充分利用community 社区
facility 设施
elderly 年迈的
relative 亲属
likely 有可能的
in contrast 相比之下dependent 依靠的；不独立的
as long as 只要
in order to 为了
appreciate 感激；欣赏satisfying 令人满意的consideration 考虑
state 陈述
safety 安全
right 权利
complaint 抱怨
conflict 冲突
out-dated 过时的equipment 设备
welfare 福利
regulation 规则compensation 补偿request 要求
quit 辞职
unborn 未出生的
union 工会；联盟representative 代表media 媒体
protest 抗议
inform 通知；告知coworker 同事=colleague
hazard 危险
claim 声称
stare at 盯着
display 展示
terminal 终端
supervisor 监督者；管理者dizzy 眩晕的；头昏眼花的spell 一段时间
breathe 呼吸
technician 技术人员；专家expose 暴露dose 剂量
radiation 放射物；辐射inspect 检查；视察pregnant 怀孕的prevent 防止；预防personnel 人事部constantly 一直malfunction 故障；障碍embarrassed 尴尬的
ski-clothing 滑雪服
2010-12
firefighter 消防员monster 怪物
put out 熄灭
oxygen 氧气
mask 面具
free of charge 免费choke 哽咽
rescue 营救informative 提供信息的play a role 扮演角色，起作用tragedy 悲剧
heartbreak 心碎
frighten 使…害怕
hide 躲藏
closet 壁橱
glimpse 瞥见
presentation 演讲；报告immigrant 移民
in addition to 除了
acquire 获得
trap 困住；使陷入困境
convey 传达
realize 实现
potential 潜力
retirement 退休
worth 价值
pursue 追求
demanding 要求高的
sacrifice 牺牲
in exchange for 作为交换income 收入
leisure 休闲；闲暇
at the other extreme 在另一个极端
bother 麻烦；扰乱
approach 方法；方式
spend-all 挥霍
derive 得到
postpone 推迟boredom 无聊
loneliness 孤独
advocate 拥护
cheat 作弊
accuse 指控；指责innocent 无辜的
suspect 怀疑；猜疑suspicion 怀疑；猜疑groundlessly 毫无根据地junior 年少的；资历浅的forbid 禁止
counter 柜台
overcharge 对…要价过高judge 法官
fair 公平的
criminal 犯人
hardened 坚毅的；坚强的evil 讨厌的；使人不舒服的annoying讨厌的
assume 假设；猜想greedy 贪婪的
stock 为…备货
2010-6 district 地区
senior 资历老的
clerk 职员
initiative 主动性representative 代表
urgency 紧急性
implement 执行
play a part 起作用
political 政治的conservative 保守的；守旧的quotation 引用
gender 性别
sensitive 敏感的
ambitious 野心勃勃的applause 掌声
distressed 苦恼的；伤心的emphasize 强调
audience 听众；观众；读者response 反应；回应discount 折扣
firmly 坚定地
react 反应
prompt 立即的express mail 快递
stick to 坚持；紧跟rude 粗鲁的
in person 亲自；当面appliance 器具；装置
architect 建筑师engineer 工程师volunteer 志愿者flexible 灵活的
part-time 兼职的
baby-sitter 保姆trustworthy 值得信任的reliable 可靠的
financial 经济上的burden 负担replacement 替代get along with 与…友好相处profession 职业
hire 雇用
2009-12
planet 行星
Jupiter 木星
outer space 太空；外层空间mystery 秘密；神秘
resolve 解决
volcano 火山
volcanic 火山的
atmosphere 大气层；空气；气氛surface 表面
cave 山洞
essential 必不可少的
element 因素
undergo 进行；经历
evolution 进化
chemical 化学物质
oxygen 氧气
carbon 碳nitrogen 氮
fascinated 入迷的
locate 定位
evidence 证据
probe 探测；探索
solar system 太阳系
core 核；地核
rocky 坚硬的
bottom 底部
beneath 在…下面
bacteria 细菌
primitive 原始的
rule out 排除…的可能性subsurface 表面下的automatically 自动地
instruction 指示；说明advice
recover 恢复
be supposed to do 应该做…stability 稳定性
permanence 永久；持久impermanent 非永久的；暂时的printed 打印的
grammatical 语法的
error 错误
dependent 依靠的
context 背景；上下文facilitate 使便利interpersonal 人际的emergency room 急救室physician 内科医生
surgeon 外科医生
discharge 获准离开；释放settle 解决
version 版本
episode 一段经历
confusing 混乱的
clue 线索；提示
patient 病人reality 现实
present 显示；介绍
challenge 挑战
oral 口头的
ensure 确保
security 安全
labor 劳动；劳动力
tedious 枯燥的
manually 用手地；手工地promotion 升职
compete 竞争
responsibility 责任
staff 员工
concern 有关于；关系到arbitrarily 任意地；武断地；专横地
arbitrary 随意的, 主观的；专横的, 独断专行的
administrator 管理者
logical 符合逻辑的
motivate 激励
recognition 认可；承认robotic 机器人repetitive 重复的mechanical 机械的solution 解决方法individual 个人checkout 检验；校验identify 确认
chain 连锁店ultimately 最终definition 定义
2009-6
entertaining 有趣的；使人愉快的costly 昂贵的
hobby 爱好
harm 对…有害
harmful 有害的
disease 疾病
pollute 污染
spot 地点
mixture 混合物
contaminated 被污染的accurate 准确的；确切的identification 鉴定；辨别observation 观察
amateur 业余者limitless 无止境的；无限制的associated 有关联的
hazard 风险；危险
species 物种
lean 贫瘠的
eliminate 消除
constant 持续的
supply 供给
severe 严酷的；恶劣的starve 饿死
betray 背叛
make up 编造；化妆apologize 道歉
tire 轮胎
battery 电池
furniture 家具convincing 令人信服的cancel 取消
do a favor 帮忙
atmosphere 气氛
unreal 不真实的pressure 压力
shadow 阴影
boast 自夸
inherited 继承的；遗传的property 财产；房地产credit card 信用卡bodyguard 保镖
coach 教练
counselor 顾问negative 负面的；消极的professional 专业的raise 养育
show off 炫耀
depict 描述；描画worship 崇拜；尊崇pursue 追求
perfection 完美
2008-12
chief 首长
comment 评论distinguished 卓越的；著名的address 探讨
issue 问题
community 社区
function 功能council 委员会master 硕士criminology 犯罪学coordinate 协调resident 居民emergency 紧急事件prompt 迅速的
discouraging 令人沮丧的；令人泄气的
effective 有效的
controversial 有争议的privilege 特权；特殊荣幸merchant 商人
dynamic 动态；变化
arrest 逮捕
citizen 市民；公民
secure 安全的
remark 话语；评论
contribute to 促成；有助于hook 钩住
numerous 无数的
inherently 天生地；固有地vague 模糊的；不清楚的
be born with 天生就有的
vary 变化
approximately 大约breakdown 破裂；损坏
infinite 无限的；无穷的；极大的mysterious 神秘的
imitate/imitation 模仿association 关联
combine 结合
infant 婴儿
universal 普遍的mechanism 机制
tailor 裁缝v. 调整使适应science-fiction movie 科幻片adjust 适应；调节
latest 最新的
weapon 武器
spacesuit 太空服spacecraft 太空飞船remark 言语；谈话elementary school 小学curiosity 好奇心encounter 遭遇；遇到deadly 致死的
elaborate 详细的；精致的complexity 复杂
comprehend 理解2008-6
quality 质量
frustration 沮丧pressure 压力
award 奖励
strategy 策略
flexibility 灵活性
gather 采集；采摘collective 集体的；共同的lower 降低
approach 方法；途径unwinnable 不能取胜的battle 战斗
lonesome 孤单的institute机构
workforce 劳动力spouse 配偶
bet 打赌
ancestor 祖先
issue 发布jointly 共同地；联合地
cave 山洞
survival 幸存
convey 传达
violence 暴力
depression 沮丧；经济不景气disloyalty 不忠诚
loyal 忠诚的
temper 脾气
financial 经济的；金融的positive 积极的
breed 产生；引起
divorce 离婚
disastrous 灾难性的consequence 结果
blended 混合的
circular 循环的
take its toll 造成损失
toll 损耗
drift 漂移
funeral 葬礼
object 反对；不赞成
heart attack 心脏病bankrupt 破产的lease 租赁
potted 盆栽的greenhouse 温室want ad 招聘广告put up 张贴
hang 贴；挂
purchase 购买
cultivate 培养
announce 宣称
gloomy 阴暗的；令人沮丧的reception 接待处
acre 亩
construction 建设
contract 合同
agreement 协议
2007-12
company 陪伴
enrich 丰富
conceal 隐藏
adopt 收养
adoption 收养
adoptee 被领养者
distant 远距离的
adoptive parents 养父母
birth parents=biological parents=natural parents 亲生父母mixed 混合的；复杂的
be aware of 意识到psychologist 心理学家
seal 密封；保密
commit 犯罪
suicide 自杀
disorder 紊乱
publishing 出版
take over 接管
exert 施加；产生reshape 重塑investment 投资
edit 编辑
expand 扩张
cable 有线电视
funeral 葬礼
comment 评论
overcharge 对…要价过高crises 危机timely 及时的complicated 复杂的procedure 过程receipt 收据promptly 迅速地entire 完整的；完全的bill 账单
necessity 必需品drawback 缺点submit 提交percentage 百分比sufficient 充足的cash 现金
2007-6
thrive 兴盛；兴隆urban 城市的immigrate 移民
cripple 受伤致残executive 主管
limp 跛行
isolated 孤立的；隔绝的fascinated 着迷的generous 慷慨的devoted 奉献的secretarial 秘书的display 陈列portrait 肖像；画像horizon 地平线
intelligent 聪明的permanent 永久的commute 通勤；上下班往返be fond of 喜欢
breakdown 衰弱；破坏nervous 神经的
diagnose 诊断
injure 受伤
race 奔跑
tell 分辨
publicity 宣传
release 发布
collapse 倒塌
roof 屋顶
firefighter 消防员
shock 使震惊unconscious 无意识的therapy 治疗；疗法awareness 意识apparent 明显的privacy 隐私
evaluate 评估
official 官员community 社区exchange 交换necessity 必需品harvest 丰收
rarely 几乎不
grain 谷物
volunteer 志愿者
fair 集市
entrance 入口contribute to 有助于modernization 现代化revenue 税收；财政收入stage 舞台
remind 提醒agriculture 农业
2006-12
monitor 监测；监控concentrate 集中注意力performance 表现
decline 下降
lack 缺少
motivation 激励
improper 不合适的punctual 准时的accomplish 完成adequate 足够的elementary 初级的；基础的recall 回忆
deficiency 不足insufficient 不足的professional 专家
convey 传达
homemaker 家庭主妇figure 人物
quit 停止；辞掉
motorist 汽车驾驶员speeding 加速distracted 心烦意乱的
reluctant 不情愿的
restriction 限制
crash 猛撞
tremble 颤抖
shaky 颤抖的
compelling 有说服力的；令人信服的
tragedy 悲剧
subsequent 随后的
reputation 声望
campaign 活动；运动
prompt 促进；推动
significant 重要的
devote 献身；奉献
virus 病毒
identify 确认
economical 节约的；经济的cure 疗法
recover 恢复
reveal 揭示
indicate 指示
organ 器官
remedy 药品；治疗法；补救措施blockage 堵塞miserable 痛苦的；悲惨的relieve 缓解
symptom 症状
2006-6
grave 坟墓
bury 埋葬
decay 腐烂
religious 宗教的
storey 层
partially 部分地
ash 灰
remote 偏远的
dig 挖
compress 压紧；压缩guarantee 保证skeleton 骨骼overcrowded 过分拥挤的cremation 火葬；火化resist 抵抗
hell 地狱propose 建议underground 地下的graveyard 墓场everlasting 永远的
immigrant 移民lifestyle 生活方式couple 夫妻
native 本土的sample 样品opportunity 机会
simplify 简化complex 复杂的remove 移去
gym 健身房
whistle 口哨
entertain 娱乐come up with 想出；提出
听力理解答题技巧 表1：听力考试时间分配表
一、对话理解题型答题技巧分析： 1.题型解析： 短对话题型一般均为情景对话，按照对话内容大致可分为：1) 职业与身份题。根据对话双方的谈话内容判断两者之间的社会关系，或者某一方的社会身份；2) 推测言外之意题。根据说话人说话语气、语调和措辞所暗含的意思判断说话人对待所谈话题的观点、态度是赞同还是反对；3) 时间与数字题。通过谈话中所提及的数字经过简单运算得出所问问题的答案，比如商品打折等等；4) 语义理解题。短对话中有习语、口语表达含有特定含义，用词义干扰项误导词义，迷惑考生，以测试对该词义的理解力；5）地点与场景题。6）建议与请求题。7）信息提示题。8）综合归纳题。 在听录音时，应先读选项内容，依据选项内容，有侧重地留意录音内容；对于选项内容中的提示可以大致判断录音内容的范围，根据上述对短对话题型的分类，做到心中有数。 2.例题解析： Example 1: A) The work the director has assigned is unreasonable. B) The director is mentally ill. C) The director’s instructions are to carry out. D) The director doesn’t mind if the actors do not finish the work. W: From what I can remember, the director asked us to rehearse this a hundred times.
Lecture 2第二讲4招巧解短文理解 短文理解所含的信息量相对较大，不仅要求考生在听的过程中捕捉到具体的语言细节，还要求考生从语篇上对短文有整体性的把握和理解。因此，考生必须掌握一些有针对性的解题步骤和解题技巧，这样才能在考试时做到游刃有余。第一招：听音前预测内容和问题听音前快速浏览选项可以大致推测出文章的主要内容，通过纵向、横向比较各题选项能够发现一些重要的提示信息，如短文可能涉及的内容、问题可能考查的内容等。另外，通过提炼选项要点，还可以确定听音时应重点关注的细节信息，有针对性地记笔记。 听前预测的成败主要取决于考生对短文理解设题特点的熟悉程度、对选项要点的提炼和分析能力、以及对短文涉及内容的背景知识的熟悉程度。 【例1】（07 12 Passage One） 【预览选项】 26. ［A］They care a lot about children. ［B］They need looking after in their old age. ［C］They want to enrich their life experience. ［D］They want children to keep them company. 27.［A］They are usually adopted from distant places. ［B］Their birth information is usually kept secret. ［C］Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information. ［D］Their adoptive parents don t want them to know their birt h parents. 【预测信息】 预览四道题各选项，由选项中多次出现的children，adopted，birth parents，natural parents，adoptive parents等可推知，本文与收养孩子有关。 26. 选项都是与“they”的需求有关，根据选项［A］和［D］中的宾语children以及之前对主题的预测可知，本题很可能是问收养孩子的原因。 27. 根据各选项内容可知，they，their在此处都是指“被收养的孩子”。由［B］、［C］选项28.［A］They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents. ［B］They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents. ［C］They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents. ［D］They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search. 29.［A］Early adoption makes for closer parent child relationship. ［B］Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas. ［C］Understanding is the key to successful adoption. ［D］Adoption has much to do with love.中出现的birth information可知，本题很可能是问被收养的孩子不知道他们的出生信息的原因。 28.根据各选项内容可知，they在此处指“被收养的孩子”。由各选项中的bad feelings…，hurt the feelings…，mixed feelings…可知，本题应该是关于“被收养的孩子对他们的亲生父母与养父母的感情”。［A］、［B］、［C］三个选项都与此有关，只有［D］是关于费用的，故其为答案的可能性较小。 29. 四个选项主题各异，由此可知本题很可能是对文中某点进行提问。在听音时应重点关注与选项相关的信息。 【听音验证】 When couples get married, they usually plan to have children. Sometimes, however, a couple can not have a child of their own. In this case, they may decide to adopt a child. In fact, adoption is
2018大学英语四级高频词汇700个 1. alter v. 改变，改动，变更 2. burst vi. n. 突然发生，爆裂 3. dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of) 4. blast n. 爆炸;气流vi. 炸，炸掉 5. consume v. 消耗，耗尽 6. split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂a. 裂开的 7. spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃 8. spill v. 溢出，溅出，倒出 9. slip v. 滑动，滑落;忽略 10. slide v. 滑动，滑落n. 滑动;滑面;幻灯 11. bacteria n. 细菌 12. breed n. 种，品种v. 繁殖，产仔 13. budget n. 预算v. 编预算，作安排 14. candidate n. 候选人 15. campus n. 校园 16. liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的 17. transform v. 转变，变革;变换 18. transmit v. 传播，播送;传递 19. transplant v. 移植 20. transport vat. 运输，运送n. 运输，运 21. shift v. 转移;转动;转变 22. vary v. 变化，改变;使多样化 23. vanish vi. 消灭，不见 24. swallow v. 吞下，咽下n. 燕子 25. suspicion n. 怀疑，疑心 26. suspicious a. 怀疑的，可疑的 27. mild a. 温暖的，暖和的;温柔的，味淡 28. tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的 29. nuisance n. 损害，妨害，讨厌(的人或 30. insignificant a. 无意义的，无足轻重的; 31. accelerate vt. 加速，促进 32. absolute a. 绝对的，无条件的;完全的 33. boundary n. 分界线，边界 34. brake n. 刹车，制动器v. 刹住(车) 35. catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目 36. vague a. 模糊的，不明确的 37. vain n. 徒劳，白费 38. extinct a. 绝灭的，熄灭的 39. extraordinary a. 不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40. extreme a. 极度的，极端的n. 极端， 41. agent n. 代理人，代理商;动因，原因 42. alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料，酒精 43. appeal n. /vi. 呼吁，恳求 44. appreciate vt. 重视，赏识，欣赏 45. approve v. 赞成，同意，批准 46. stimulate vt. 刺激，激励47. acquire vt. 取得，获得;学到 48. accomplish vt . 完成，到达;实行 49. network n. 网状物;广播网，电视网;网络 50. tide n. 潮汐;潮流 51. tidy a. 整洁的，整齐的 52. trace vt. 追踪，找到n. 痕迹，踪迹 53. torture n. /vt. 拷打，折磨 54. wander vi. 漫游，闲逛 55. wax n. 蜡 56. weave v. 织，编 57. preserve v. 保护，保存，保持，维持 61. abuse v. 滥用，虐待;谩骂 62. academic a. 学术的;高等院校的;研究院的 63. academy n. (高等)专科院校;学会 64. battery n. 电池(组) 65. barrier n. 障碍;棚栏 66. cargo n. (船、飞机等装载的)货物 67. career n. 生涯，职业 68. vessel n. 船舶;容器，器皿;血管 69. vertical a. 垂直的 70. oblige v. 迫使，责成;使感激 71. obscure a. 阴暗，模糊 72. extent n. 程度，范围，大小，限度 73. exterior n. 外部，外表a. 外部的， 74. external a. 外部的，外表的，外面的 75. petrol n. 汽油 76. petroleum n. 石油 77. delay vt. /n. 推迟，延误，耽搁 78. decay vi. 腐烂，腐朽 79. decent a. 像样的，体面的 80. route n. 路;路线;航线 81. ruin v. 毁坏，破坏n. 毁灭，[pl. ]废墟 82. sake n. 缘故，理由 83. satellite n. 卫星 84. scale n. 大小，规模;等级;刻度 85. temple n. 庙宇 86. tedious a. 乏味道，单调的， 87. tend vi. 易于，趋向 88. tendency n. 趋向，趋势 89. ultimate a. 极端的，最大的，n. 极端 90. undergo v. 经历，遭受 91. abundant a. 丰富的，充裕的，大量的 92. adopt v. 收养;采用;采纳 93. adapt vi. 适应，适合;改编，改写vt. 使适应 94. bachelor n. 学士，学士学位;单身汉 95. casual a. 偶然的，碰巧的;临时的;非正式的 96. trap n. 陷阱，圈套v. 设陷阱捕捉 97. vacant a. 空的，未占用的
Short Conversations 11. W: There were more than a hundred people at Kate's birthday party. How come she's got so many friends? M: It's really no surprise. You know she was popular even when she was a child Q: What does the man imply about Kate? 11. She has always enjoyed great popularity 12. M: They say there'll be a snow-storm tonight, the cold weather will last quite a few days. W: Oh! We're so lucky, we'll be getting away for a while, and having a holiday in Florida. But let's call right now to confirm our flight. Q: What do we learn about the two speakers? 12. They are going to have a holiday 13. W: Tony was awarded a medal for rescuing several families from the forest fire. M: I really admire his courage. Q: What do we learn about Tony from the conversation? 13. He was very courageous 14. M: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it has worked just fine until last night. W: Y ou'll never be able to get parts for it, even from Japan. So it might be time to invest a more recent model. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 14. Buy a new washing machine 15. W: I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled. M: Not really, the new office is huge, but the word load has doubled. Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 15. He is not excited about his new position 16. W: I can't decide what to do about the party tomorrow. M: Y ou don't have to go if you don't want to, but I'll be glad to give you a ride if you do. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 16. The man offers to drive the women to the party 17. M: Now if you have any questions about the contract. I'll be happy to answer them. W: Nothing comes to mind right now, but I'd like to go over all the articles of the contract once more before signing it. Q: What are the speakers doing right now? 17. Finalizing a contract 18. M: We are out of paper for the printer. Can you please order some? W: I completed the order form online yesterday and it will be here by noon. I'll let you know when it comes in. Q: What did the woman do? 18. She ordered some paper Long Conversation Conversation One W: Bob, do you know who I saw the other day? Old Jake, looking terribly depressed. Did he get
专业引领共成长 听力：短文理解（T/F） Exercise 1 () 15. Miss Grey shared a small flat with a noisy couple. () 16. Now the young couple don’t live in the flat above Miss Grey’s. () 17. The new young man wasn’t as quiet as Miss Grey expected. () 18. One night, the barking of a dog woke Miss Grey up. () 19. The dog barked again at three o’clock the next morning. () 20. The young man apologized to Miss Grey on the phone. 【难度】★★★ 【答案】15. F; 16. T; 17. T; 18. F; 19. T; 20. F 【听力原文】 Miss Grey lived alone in a small flat. She was old and did not like noise at all, so she was very pleased when the noisy young man and young woman who lived in the flat above her moved out. A new young man moved in, and Miss Grey thought, “Well, he looks quiet.” But at three o’clock the next morning, Miss Grey was woken up by the barking of a dog. She thought, “I’ve never heard a dog here before. I must belong to the new man in the flat above.” So she telephoned the young man and said something to him about the annoying dog and then hung the telephone up before he could answer. Nothing more happened until three o’clock the next morning. Then Miss Grey’s telephone rang, and when she answered, a voice said, “I’m the man upstairs. I’ve telephoned to say that I haven’t got a dog.” Exercise 2 () 15. Thomas is a middle school student in Los Angeles. () 16. Thomas not only plays basketball but also creates apps. () 17. Thomas has been fond of computers and technology since before kindergarten. () 18. The two popular apps made by Thomas can be found in the Apple Store. () 19. It’s difficult to make games for children because they are young. () 20. Only clever student can come to learn to design apps in the App Club. 【难度】★★★ 【答案】15.T; 16.F; 17.T; 18.T; 19.F; 20.F 【听力原文】 Thomas is a 12-year-old school boy. He is now in the 6th grade at a middle school in Los Angeles. While most of his classmates are playing basketball or watching the Disney channel, he is creating apps and giving talks. Thomas is not even old enough to have a Facebook account, but he has been strongly interested in computers and technology since before kindergarten. He has set up his own company, which is called Carrot Corp, and he has made two popular apps that are now sold in the Apple Store. “A lot of kids these days like to play games, but now they want to make them,” he says. “And it’s difficult because not many kids know where to go to find out how to make a program, and not many parents have written apps.” Thomas has started an App Club at school. Any student can come to learn to design an app. He says he’s been inspired by Steve Jobs. 1 / 1 初三英语春季班课程中考听力-02 短文理解（T/F）专项训练
能级 一、教学目标 1．了解原子的玻尔模型 2．了解原子能级概念和氢原子的能级图． 3．了解玻尔理论的重要意义及其局限性． 二、重点、难点分析 1．原子的玻尔模型是本节课的重点内容。 2．对原子发光现象的解释是学习的难点。 三、主要教学过程 （一）新课引入 前一节提到卢瑟福的原子核式结构学说跟经典的电磁理论产生了矛盾，这说明了经典的电磁理论不适用于原子结构．那么怎么解释原子是稳定的？又怎么解释原子发光的光谱不是连续光谱呢？ （二）教学过程设计 1．玻尔的原子模型． （1）原子的稳定性． 经典的电磁理论认为电子绕原子核旋转，由于电子辐射能量，因此随着它的能量减少，电子运行的轨道半径也减小，最终要落入原子核中． 玻尔在1913年结合普朗克的量子理论针对这一问题提出新的观点． 玻尔假设一：原子只能处于一系列不连续的能量状态中，在这些状态中原子是稳定的，电子虽然绕核运动，但并不向外辐射能量．这些状态叫做定态．说明：这一说法和事实是符合得很好的，电子并没有被库仑力吸引到核上，就像行星绕着太阳运动一样．这里所说的定态是指原子可能的一种能量状态，有某一数值的能量，这些能量包含了电子的动能和电势能的总和． （2）原子发光的光谱． 经典的电磁理论认为电子绕核运行的轨道不断的变化，它向外辐射电磁波的频率应该等于绕核旋转的频率．因此原子辐射一切频率的电磁波，大量原子的发光光谱应该是连续光谱． 玻尔针对这一问题提出新的观点． 玻尔假设二：原子从一种定态（E 初）跃迁到另一种定态（E 终 ）时，它辐射（或 吸收）一定频率的光子，光子的能量由这两种定态的能量差决定，即 h=E初-E终． 说明：这一说法也和事实符合得很好，原子发光的光谱是由一些不连续的亮线组成的明线光谱． （3）原子能量状态和电子轨道． 玻尔假设三：原子的不同能量状态跟电子沿不同的圆形轨道绕核运动相对应．原子的定态是不连续的，因此电子的可能轨道的分布也是不连续的． 2．氢原子的轨道半径和能量．（本部分内容中半径公式和能量公式实验教材不
1. A)Get some change from Jane. B)Go to look for a payphone.? C)Use the woman's phone. D)Pay for the phone call.? 2. A)At an art gallery. B)In a department store.? C)At a bookstore. D)In a workshop.? 3. A)She will help the man to catch up.? B)She is worried about the man's health.? C)She has bought the man an up?to?date map.? D)She's bought the man a pair of glasses today.? 4. A)He is going to give a talk on fishing. B)He is eager to meet Susan's parents.? C)He has the same hobby as Susan's father. D)He thinks fishing is a good way to kill time.? 5. A)He finds the presentation hard to follow. B)He speaks highly of the presentation.? C)He considers the presentation very dull. D)He thinks Professor White has chosen an interesting topic. 6. A)A bookshelf. B)A typewriter.? C)Some stocks. D)High quality paper.? 7. A)They set off early. B)They wait for a fine day.? C)They go sightseeing. D)They go to the seaside.? 8. A)He liked to show off in class.?
Exercise One Passage One Questions 1to 3 are based on the passage you have just heard. 1. A. Asia. B. Africa. C. Pacific. D. Asia and Pacific. 2. A. Because they have a larger population. B. Because they did not have infrastructure to save water. C. Because they need more water for agriculture and industry. D. Because they are lack of fund and technique. 3. A. The world calls for decrease in the number of people. B. Some organizations are saving the safe drinking water. C. A new technology of sea water purification is being studied. D. UN is carrying out a new plan of safe drinking water. Passage Two Questions 4to 6 are based on the passage you have just heard. 4. A. Wanting a shift. B. Facing challenges. C. Leaving Canada. D. Running small business. 5. A. To help the author realize his shortcomings. B. To make the author determine to head for what he wanted. C. To remind the author to be optimistic. D. To give the author a reason to quit his present job. 6. A. You should never lose focus on your goals before you succeed. B. You have to go through some difficulties before you succeed. C. You’d better arrange your plan or your goal in five years. D. If you want to realize your dream, you should quit your job. Passage Three Questions 7 to 10 are based on the passage you have just heard. 7. A. We should force ourselves to remember things. B. We should make a conscious effort of practice and exercise. C. We should never stop learning. D. We should try hard to remember things. 8. A. One night the writer forgot to lock the front door. B. One night the writer forgot having locked the front door. C. The writer remembered to lock the front door. D. The writer remembered unlocking the front door. 9. A. We enjoy hearing new stories about absent-mindedness of professors. B. W e don’t want to know anything more about absent-mindedness of professors.
2011-6 protect/protection 保护 neglect 忽略 restore 恢复 damage 破坏 notion 概念 false 错误的 wearer 佩戴者 weaken 减弱 loss 失去 vision 视力=eyesight permanently 永久的achievement 成就=accomplishment surgery 手术 accomplish 实现；完成=achieve belief 信念 proven 被证实的 evidence 证据 harmful 有害的 inappropriate 不恰当的 myth 神话；荒诞的说法dim 昏暗的 strained 紧张的 eyestrain 眼睛疲劳 replace 替换 transfer 转移 transplant 移植 nerve 神经 fiber 纤维 eyeball 眼球 attach 把…附在…上，把…固定 current 目前的=present trend 趋势 nursing home 疗养院 day-care center 日护中心 well-equipped 装备精良的convenient 方便的 accessible 容易得到的；易接近的available 可得到的 adult 成年人 adult children 成年子女
commitment 承诺；承担的义务responsibility 责任 saving 储蓄 use up 用完 regret 遗憾；后悔professional 专业的 standard 标准的；标准affectionate 慈爱的；充满深情的cooperative 合作的 frank 坦白的；直率的 seek 寻求（过去式：sought）make full use of 充分利用community 社区 facility 设施 elderly 年迈的 relative 亲属 likely 有可能的 in contrast 相比之下dependent 依靠的；不独立的 as long as 只要 in order to 为了 appreciate 感激；欣赏satisfying 令人满意的consideration 考虑 state 陈述 safety 安全 right 权利 complaint 抱怨 conflict 冲突 out-dated 过时的equipment 设备 welfare 福利 regulation 规则compensation 补偿request 要求 quit 辞职 unborn 未出生的 union 工会；联盟representative 代表media 媒体 protest 抗议 inform 通知；告知coworker 同事=colleague
2015年12月英语四级听力原文及答案 Part 1 短对话 Question 1 - M: Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month? - W: Sure. It's actually the most impressive one I've seen on that topic. Q:What do we learn about the speakers? Question 2 - W: Are you looking for anything in particular? - M: Yes. My son is graduating from high school, and I want to get him something special. Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place? Question 3 - M: Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery. - W: Really? If I remember right, he had a chance to work there, but he turned it down.
Q:What does the woman say about Mike? Question 4 - W: Would you like to come to Susan's birthday party tomorrow evening? - M: I'm going to give a lecture tomorrow. I wish I could be in two places at the same time. Q:What does the man mean? Question 5 - W: Aren't you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making? - M: Yes. I think I will give them a deadline and hold them to it. Q:What is the man probably going to do? Question 6 - W: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the visitors' parking is? I left my car there. - M: Sure. It's in Lot C. Over that way. Q:What does the woman want to know? Question 7 - W: You look great! Now that you've taken those fitness classes.
四级听力必备400词 A absent adj.缺席的；缺乏的；心不在焉的abuse vt./n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 academic adj.学院的；学术的accustomed adj.惯常的，习惯的 achieve vt.实现，达到vi.成功achievement n.成就；完成 admission n.准许进入；进入权 advanced adj.先进的；高级的 advocate v.主张；拥护；支持；提倡agency n.代理；代理处 ad(advertisement) n.广告；宣传 agreeable adj.令人愉快的；和蔼可亲的alcohol n.含酒精的饮料，酒精 ambition n.抱负，雄心 ancestor n.祖宗，祖先；先驱 ancient adj.古代的；年老的 ankle n.踝关节 anniversary n.周年纪念（日） annual adj.年度的n.年报；一年生的植物apart adv.分离，分开adj.分离的apartment n.（一套）公寓房间 apology n.道歉，认错 application n.申请，申请书；应用软件apply vi.申请；应用 appointment n.约会；任命 arrange vt.安排；布置 arrest vt.逮捕，拘留n.拘留＊ artificial adj.人工的，人造的 assess vt.对...进行估价；评价 association n.协会；联合，交往 assume vt.假设，臆断；就职；采取atmosphere n.大气（层），空气；气氛audience n.听众，观众，读者 authority n.权利；［pl］当局；当权者；权威automatically adv.自动地，机械地 available adj.现成可使用的，可得到的 awake adj.醒着的vi.醒vt.唤醒 award vt.授予n.奖，奖品 aware adj.知道的，意识到的 B ban vt.取缔；禁止n.禁令 bare adj.赤裸的；光秃的；勉强的vt.露出barely adv.仅仅；几乎不 basement n.地下室 basis n.基础；主要成分；原则 bath n.洗澡；浴室 bear vt.忍受n.熊 behalf n.利益；支持 bet vt.以...打赌vi.打赌n.赎金 blame vt.职责，责备 block n.大楼；街区vt.堵塞，拦阻 bottomless adj.无底的；难解的 bound adj.一定的，必然的vi.跳跃breakthrough n.突破，突破性的进展，重要的新发现 broadcast n.广播，广播节目vt.播放 burden n.负荷；重担 budget n.预算vi.编预算vt.安排adj.低廉的 bury vt.埋葬；埋藏 C campaign n.运动；战役vi.参加/发起运动campus n.校园 candidate n.申请求职者；候选人 cash n.钱，现款vt.把...兑现 catalog/catalogue n.目录（册）vt.将...编入目录celebrate vt.庆祝；颂扬vi.庆祝
附录Ⅲ四级听力必备短语词汇 一、听力常见词汇 原因方面 As ,,..；Since,,,,.；Because,,,,..；Now that,,,；Considering,,..； Given,,.. ；For reason that,,..；The reason why,,is,,,.；Because of,,； Owing to,..；On account of ,,,.；For the sake of ； Due to ； Result from ； Thanks to ； Attribute to 导致，引起 ,成为,，原因( 原因在前 ) ,..cause；,,lead to,, ；Bring about,,.；Contribute to ； Result in ；Account for ；Trigger off(触发，引发)；Responsible for；To blame for 因为，所以 ( 原因在前 ) ,,and so,. ； Therefore,,.；Thus；Hence；As a result；That’s why；For this reason ；Accordingly ； As a consequence ；Consequently ；So,..that；Too,,,to 转折方面 However； In comparison ；But ； Nevertheless ； In contrast；Whereas；yet 开头方面 At the beginning；First 结尾方面 Finally；Last but not least；In short；In conclusion；In the end；at the end of 举例方面 For example ； One of the；Another is；For instance；Like 比较，对比方面As a comparison；In contrast 建议方面 In my opinion；I suggest；Why not 主题方面 the topic is；we 'll mainly focus on ... 反面或另外一面 Another point I want mention is ；In addition (to) ,,Besides ；Apart from ；Aside from ；Moreover； Furthermore ；What’s more ；On the contrary；However；But；on the other hand；Conversely ；By contrast；Whereas；A totally different picture lies in 列举话题的各个方面 First/firstly；second/secondly ； third/thirdly；last/last but not least；To begin with ； next ； furthermore ；finally；In the first place； in the second place；moreover ；by the way； Above all ；in addition；then ；afterward ； On the one hand/on the other hand；For one thing/for another 话题的结束语 In short ；brief/briefly；summingup；to sumup；summarizing ；to summarize；To conclude ；in conclusion； As a result； In general ； Generally speaking ； all in all； on the whole；on this basis；given all these aspects；Everything considered；Finally；it can be concluded/inferred/deduced that 二、四级听力必背： 141 组易混淆拼错的词汇 1) quite相当quiet安静地