Unite one
III. Paraphrase:
Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:
1. We’re elevated 23 feet. (para 3)
1. We’re 23 feet above sea level.
2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. (para 3)
2. The house has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.
3. We can batten down and ride it out. (para 4)
3. We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. (para 9)
4. Water got into the generator and put it out. It stopped producing electricity, so the lights also went out.
5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! (para 10)
5. Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.
6. The electrical systems had been killed by water. (para 11)
6. The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.
7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. (para 17)
7. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee inland.
8. Get us through this mess, will You? (para 17)
8. Oh God, please help us to get through this storm safely
9. She carried on alone for a few bars; then her voice trailed away. (para 21)
9. Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
10. Janis had just one delayed reaction. (para 34)
10. Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.
V. Translation
A. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets:
1. 每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。（check out）
Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off.
2. 居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。
（waste incineration plant, concerned about）
The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the plant’s emission polluting the air.
3. 在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿元。（mount to）
Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of yuan.
4. 干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。（strewn with）
The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes.
5. 虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。（perish）
Although wars caused great losses to this country, its cultural traditions did not perish.
6. 为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的、具有民族特色的建筑物都被拆毁了。（demolish）
To make space for modern high rises, many ancient builings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished.
7. 在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。（disintegrate）
In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated.
8. 他为实现自己的目标付出了最大的努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化成了泡影。（vanish）
His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals.
英译汉
1.但是，就像沿海村落中其他成千上万的人一样，约翰不愿舍弃自己的家园，要他下定决心弃家而逃，
除非等到他的家人——妻子詹妮丝以及他们那七个年龄3-11岁的孩子——确定就要灾祸临头了。2.突然砰的一声，楼上一个房间的法兰西式门被狂风震破了，大家还听到楼上其他玻璃破碎是发出的噼
噼啪啪的响声，积水已经漫到脚踝了。
3.于是大家都跑到靠两堵内墙保护的楼梯上歇着。个个惊慌不已，气喘吁吁，浑身都湿透了。
4.大家都明白现在已是无路可逃了，死活都只能留在屋里了。
5.不一会儿，一阵狂风掠过，整个屋顶被卷入空中，抛向了40英尺以外，楼梯底层的几级台阶断裂开
来。
6.在飓风中心约70公里的范围内，其风速接近200英里/小时，飓风掀起的浪头高达30英尺。
7.尚未被风刮倒的树上结彩似的挂满被撕成碎步条的衣服，吹断的电线像黑色的实心面条一样盘成一圈
一圈地散落在地面上。
8.这本是让人感到痛苦呀压抑的工作，但实际上并非如此。在残骸中找到的每一件侥幸保存下来的物品
都显现了与这场狂暴的飓风斗争的一个小小的胜利。
Unite two
III. Paraphrase
Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:
1. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. (para 2) Serious looking men were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any
attention to the people around them.
2. At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. (para 5)
At last the taxi trip came to an end and I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the gigantic City Hall.
3 The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the
very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. (para 7)
The rather striking picture of traditional floating houses among high modem buildings represents
the constant struggle between old Japanese tradition and the new, western development.
4. I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in
my socks. (para 8)
I suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.
5. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was. (para10)
The few Americans and Germans also seemed to feel restrained like me.
6. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible. (para 12)
After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to greet people and to show gratitude.
7. I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in,
jolting me out of my sad reverie. (para 18)
I was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant. His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking.
8. …and nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated instruments, the very sight of which would send shivers down the spine of any healthy visitor. (para 28)
… and nurses walked by carrying surgical instrument which are nickel plated and even healthy visitors when they see those instruments could not help shivering.
9．Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character." (para 38)
I have the chance to raise my moral standard because of the illness.
V. Translation
A. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets:
1礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。(must)
There is not a soul in the hall. The meeting must have been put off.
2那座现代建筑看上去很像个飞碟。(much like)
That modern construction looks very much like a flying saucer.
3四川话和湖北话在北方人听起来很相似，有时难以区别。(much the same as )
Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect to the northerners. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.
4一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。(the very)
The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.
5他陷入沉思之中，没有理会同伴们在谈些什么。(to be oblivious of)
He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.
6他干的事与她毫无关系。(to have … to do)
What he did had nothing to do with her.
7她睡不着觉，女儿的病使她心事重重。(mind)
She couldn't fall asleep as her daughter's illness was very much on her mind.
8这件事长期以来一直使我放心不下。(mind)
I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.
9他喜欢这些聚会，喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题交换意见。(to rub shoulders with)
He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchange opinions with them on various subjects.
10几分钟以后大家才领悟他话中的含意。(sink in)
It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.
11土壤散发着青草的气味。(to smell of)
The soil smells of fresh grass.
12我可以占用你几分钟时间吗? (to spare)
Could you spare me a few minutes?
13你能匀出一张票子给我吗? (to spare)
Could you spare me a ticket?
14那个灰头发上了年纪的人是铜匠。(by trade)
That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.
B. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1. And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. (para 1)
其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。
2. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime? (para 1)
踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一次令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?
3. The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's
sharp twists of the wheel. (para 3)
与此同时，这座曾惨遭劫难的城市的高楼大厦则一座座地从我们身边飞掠而过。
4. Quite unexpectedly, the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned, and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands upon thousands of people had been slainin one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony . (para 9)
出人意料的是，刚到广岛车站时袭扰着我的那种异样的忧伤情绪竟在这时重新袭上心头，我的心情又难受起来，因为我又一次意识到自己置身于曾遭受第一颗原子弹轰击的现场。这儿曾有成千上万的生命顷刻之间即遭毁灭，还有成千上万的人在痛苦的煎熬中慢慢死去。
5. "Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its---- oysters". （para 17）
“难得有个城市像广岛这样闻名遐迩。我既高兴而又自豪地欢迎诸位来到广岛。令广岛如此举世闻名的乃是它的——牡蛎。”
6. There are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters, one that would like to preserve traces of the bomb, and the other that would like to get rid of everything, even the monument that was erected at the point of impact. （para25）
在这个以牡蛎闻名的城市里有两种截然不同的意见，一种主张保存原子弹爆炸留下的痕迹，另一种则主张销毁一切痕迹，甚至要拆除立于爆炸中心的纪念碑。
7. "If you write about this city, do not forget to say that it is the gayest city in Japan, even it many of the town's people still bear hidden wounds, and burns." （para 27）
“假如您要描写这座城市的话，千万别忘记告诉人们这是日本最快乐的城市，尽管这里的市民许多人身上还带着暗伤和明显的灼伤。”
8. But later my hair began to fall out, and my belly turned to water. （para 31）
但到后来，我的头发开始脱落，腹内开始出水。
C. Translate Paragraphs 38 and 39 into Chinese.
“那是我的吉祥鸟。每当我从死神那儿挣脱出来的那一天，每当病痛将我从尘世烦恼中解放出来的那一天，我都要叠一只新的小纸鸟，加到原有的纸鸟群里去。我就这样看着这些纸鸟，庆幸病痛给自己带来的好运。因为正是我的病痛使我有了怡养性情的机会。”
从医院出来，我又一次地撕碎了一个小笔记本，那上面记着我预先想好准备在采访原子病区的病人时提问的一些问题，其中有一个问题就是：你是否真的认为广岛是日本最充满活力的城市?我一直没问这问题，但我已能从每个人的眼神中体会出这个问题的答案。
Unite three
III. Paraphrase
Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:
1.The words spat forth with sudden savagery, all pretense of blandness gone. (para 18)
Ogilvie spat out the words, throwing away his pretended politeness.
2. When they find who done that last night, who killed that kid an' its mother, then high-tailed it, they'll throw the book, and never mind who it hits, or whether they got fancy titles neither. (para 18)
When they find who killed the mother and the kid and then ran away, they’ll deal out the maximum punishment, and they will not care who will be punished in this case or what their social position is.
3. The Duchess of Croydon -- three centuries and a half of inbred arrogance behind her -- did not yield easily. (para 19)
The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three centuries and a half. She wouldn't give up easily.
4. Even the self-assurance of Ogilvie flickered for an instant. (para 20)
The Duchess was a good actress and she appeared so firm about their innocence that, for a brief moment, Ogilvie felt unsure if his assumption about them was right. But the moment was very short and passed quickly.
5. The house detective took his time, leisurely putting a cloud of blue cigar smoke, his eyes sardonically on the Duchess as if challenging her objection. (para 23)
The house detective was in no hurry. He enjoyed his cigar and puffed a cloud of blue cigar smoke in a relaxed manner. At the same time, his eyes were fixed disdainfully on the Duchess as if he was openly daring her to object to his smoking a cigar, as she had done earlier.
6. There ain't much, out of the way, which people who stay in this hotel do, I don't get to hear about. (para 28) If anybody who stays in this hotel does anything wrong, improper or unusual, I always get to know about it. There isn’t much that can escape me.
7. The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. (para 75)
The Duchess kept him firm and tight control of her mind which is working quickly. The Duchess is thinking quickly, but at the same time keeping her thoughts under control.
8. And when they stopped for petrol, as they would have to, their speech and manner would betray them, making them conspicuous . (para 85)
Furthermore, when they stopped for petrol, as it would be necessary, their speech and manner would reveal their identity. British English would be particularly noticeable in the South.
9. There must be no mistake, no vacillation or dallying because of her own smallness of mind. (para 100)
She mustn’t take any mistakes in her plan, or waver in mind and show indecision or deal with the situation carelessly due to small-mindedness. In other words she had to take a big chance, to do something very daring, so she must be bold, resolute, decisive and rise to the occasion.
V. Translation
A. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets:
1不用着急，慢慢来。(take one’s time)
There is no call for hurry. Take your time.
2你的意思是说我在撒谎吗? (suggest)
Are you suggesting that I am telling a lie?
3他企图尽一切办法掩盖事情的真相。(conceal)
He tried every means to conceal the fact.
4虽然成功的机会很少，我们仍然要竭尽全力去干。(chance)
Our chance to succeed is very slim. Nevertheless we shall do our utmost.
5如不另行通知，我们的会在明天上午十点开。(unless)
We will have our meeting at 10 tomorrow morning unless notified otherwise.
6我们俩谁也不善于计算数字。(adept)
Neither of us is adept at figures.
7假定五点出发，我们在黄昏前能到达那里吗? (assume)
Would it be possible to reach that place before dark assuming we set out at 5 o'clock (in the morning)?
8他不愿意依从她的要求。(comply with)
He was reluctant to comply with her request.
9我知道你是南方人，一听你的口音就知道了。(betray)
I know you are from the south. Your accent has betrayed you.
10在这件事情上，我们没有任何选择的余地。(alternative)
We have no alternative in this matter.
B. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1. Her own tension was not lessened by the knowledge that both might return at any moment. (para 2)
想到这两个人随时都会回来，她自己的紧张情绪怎么也松弛不下来.
2. A wave of cigar smoke accompanied Ogilvie in. (para 3)
随着欧吉维进屋的是一团雪茄烟雾。
3. Taking his time, Ogilvie removed the offending cigar, knocked off the ash and flipped the butt toward an ornamental fireplace on his right. (para 5)
欧吉维慢条斯理地从口中拿下雪茄，敲掉烟灰，然后将烟蒂扔向靠右边的一个装饰性壁炉。
4. Now I know what I know, and if I do what by rights I should, there'll be a squad of cops in here so fast you'll hardly see 'em. （para 18）
现在我知道了真相，假如我照章办事的话，没等你眨眼，便会有一队警察开到这儿来。
5. Springing to her feet, her face wrathful, gray-green eyes blazing, she faced the grossness of the house
detective squarely. （para 19）
她猛地一下跳了起来，怒容满面，灰绿色的眼睛里喷射出火光，直直地逼视着肥肉成堆的探长。
6. It's easily done in New Orleans, with the street winding as they do. （para 63）
新奥尔良的街道弯弯曲曲，很容易弄错方向。
7. "You try that, you might as well walk over to headquarters right now an' give up.”
如果你那样做，就等于到警察局去自首。
8. Once more, she was aware, the role of leadership had fallen to her, her husband now a tense but passive spectator of the exchange between the evil tat man and herself. （para 75）
她意识到，唱主角的责任又一次地落到了自己的肩上。此时此刻，在她与这个存心恶毒的肥佬之间的激烈交锋中，她的丈夫只当了一名紧张而被动的旁观者。
9. Her eyes were riveted on his face, her handsome, high-cheek-boned features set in their most imperious mold. （para 97）
她目不转睛的盯着他的脸，那张漂亮的高颧骨脸庞摆出咄咄逼人的样子。
10．"We would achieve nothing by paying you, except possibly a few days' respite.”（para97）
付给你钱后，我们什么好处也得不到，除了可能有几天临时的喘息时间。
C. Translate Paragraphs 82 and 100 into Chinese.
Para82：
今天是星期二。从这家伙所讲的情况看来，他们最多只能拖到星期五或星期六。公爵夫人冷静地盘算了一番：现在需要解决的是一个关键的问题。假使买通了这个旅馆侦探，他们唯一的一个机会——一个渺茫的机会一就在于迅速将汽车弄走。若能弄到北方某个大城市里去，那儿人们不知道新奥尔良发生的这起车祸和警方的搜查行动，车子可以在那里悄悄修好，这样罪证也就消灭了。那么，即使以后再怀疑到克罗伊敦夫妇头上，也找不到什么真凭实据。但车子如何才能弄走呢?
Para100：
克罗伊敦公爵夫人知道，接下来的行动也许会是她一生中所作出的最重大的决定。决不能因自己的见识有限而出半点差错，决不能优柔寡断或举棋不定。要想赢大钱，就得下大注。她想利用这大肥佬的贪心大赌一场，而且恰到好处，使结果能保证万无一失。
Unite four
III. Paraphrase
Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:
1 "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," (para 2)
“Don’t worry, young man, we’ll do a few things to outwit the prosecution.”
2 The case had erupted round my head. (para 3)
The case had come down upon me unexpectedly and violently.
I was suddenly engulfed by the whole affair.
3 no one, least of all I, anticipate that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history. (para 9)
I was the last one to expect that my case would develop into one of the most famous trials in American history.
4 "That's one hell of a jury!" (para 12)
“This is a completely inappropriate jury, too ignorant and partial.”
5) "Today it is the teachers, "he continued, "and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers. (para 14)
Today the teachers are put on trial because they teach scientific theory; soon the newspapers and magazines will not be allowed to express new ideas, to spread knowledge of science.
6 "There is some doubt about that," Darrow snorted. (para 19)
“It is doubtful whether man has reasoning power”, said Darrow sarcastically, scornfully.
7 …accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (para 23)
…accused Bryan of demanding that a life or death struggle be fought between science and region.
8 Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponder whether they might be related. (para 26)
People had to pay in order to have a look at the ape and to consider carefully whether apes and humans could have a common ancestry.
9 Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defense. (para 30)
Darrow surprised everyone by asking for Bryan as a witness for Scopes which was a brilliant idea.
10) My heart went out to the old warrior as spectator s pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand.
Darrow had gotten the best of Bryan, who looked helplessly lost and pitiable as everyone ignored him and rushed past him to congratulate Darrow. When I saw this, I felt sorry for Bryan.
V. Translation
A. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets:
1 我没有预料到会卷入这场争端。(anticipate)
I did not anticipate that I would get involved in this dispute.
2如果你想学到一些东西，那你就应该自已参加到这项工作中去。(involve)
You must involve yourself in the work if you want to learn something.
3 虽然种族隔离是违法的，但种族歧视在美国仍然以不同形式存在着。(violate)
Racial discrimination still exists in various forms in the United States though racial segregation is against the law.
4 陪审团议论了一番，最后裁决他有罪。（verdict）
The jury deliberated and brought in a verdict of guilty.
5 他认为这两个观点是可以一致起来的。(reconcile)
I think we can reconcile the two views.
6 观众对被告充满了同情心。(one’s heart goes out to)
The spectators' hearts went out to the defendant.
7 他阅读文章时总把字典放在手边。（on hand）
When he read articles, he always had a dictionary on hand.
8 还没有进行环境影响评估筑坝工程就开工了。(environment impact assessment; get under way)
The construction of the dam got under way before any environment impact assessment had been done.
B. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1 The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament. The modernists, on the other hand, accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin----- that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor. (para 3)
原教旨主义者坚持严格按照字面意义去理解《，日约全书)，而现代主义者则接受查尔斯·达尔文的进化论——认为一切动物，包括猿和人，都是由同一个祖先进化而来的。
2 During one such argument, Rappelyea said that nobody could teach biology without teaching evolution. (para 4)
有一次辩论中，拉普利亚说，任何人要讲授生物学，就不能不讲进化论。
3 People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the " infidel outsiders" (para 10)
附近一带的山区居民，其中多半是原教旨主义者，也纷纷赶到镇上来为布莱思呐喊助威，打击那些“外来的异教徒”。
4 He is here because ignorance and bigotryare , and it is a mighty strong combination." (para 13)
“我也知道他为什么会被带上法庭。那是因为愚昧和偏见还很猖獗，而且这两者又结合在一起，形成一股强大的势力。”
5 "The Bible," he thundered in his sonorous organ tones, " is not going to be driven out of this court by experts who come hundreds of miles to testify that they can reconcile evolution, with its ancestors in the jungle, with man made by God in His image and put here for His purpose as par t of a divine plan." (para 21)
“《圣经》，”他用洪亮的嗓音大喊大叫道，“是不会被那些千里迢迢赶来作证的学者专家们赶出这个法庭的。这些专家们来到这里的目的是想证明主张人类祖先来自丛林的进化论和上帝按照天机，依其形象创造人类并安排到这个世界上来的看法，是并行不悖的。”
6 "The truth always wins ----- and we are not afraid of it. (para 24)
真理是永存的、不朽的，而且并不需要依靠人的力量去维护它!”
7 But although Malone had won the oratorical duel with Bryan, the judge ruled against permitting the scientists to testify for the defense. (para 25)
然而，尽管马隆在同布莱思进行的这场舌战中取得了胜利，法官还是决定不许在座的科学家们为辩方作
证。
8 “ I am examining you on your fool ideas that no intelligent Christian on earth believes." (para41)
“我只是在考验你的那些愚蠢的想法，世界上没有哪个有知识的基督徒会相信你的那些想法。”
9 Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a "victorious defeat." (para45)
达德雷·费尔德·马隆称这次庭审结果对我来说是一次“胜利的败仗”。
10 The oratorial storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States, bringing in its wake a new climate of intellectual and academic freedom that has grown with the passing years. (para48)
由克拉伦斯·达罗和达德雷·费尔德·马隆在戴顿镇的小小法庭上掀起的那些辩论风暴犹如一股清风吹遍了美国的学校和立法机关，随之而来的是日
渐增长的思想自由和学术自由的新气象。
C. Translate Paragraphs 32-39into Chinese.
32 在达罗的平静语调套问下，他承认自己对《圣经)的字字句句深信不疑，旁观的人群对他的激昂的回答不时和以热烈的“阿门”的喊声。
33 达罗翻开{创世纪)念道：“夜尽晨来乃第一天也。”接下来他问布莱恩是否相信太阳是第四天创造出来的，布莱恩回答说他相信。
34“没有太阳之前又怎么会有早晨和晚上呢?”达罗问道。
35布莱思闷声不响地擦拭着自己的秃顶。人群中传出阵阵暗笑声，连一些虔诚的基督徒也在发笑。达罗一面捻弄着他的眼镜，一面继续发问。他问布莱思是否相信有关夏娃的故事字字句句都是真实的，布莱思作了肯定的回答。
36“那么你也相信上帝为了惩罚引诱夏娃的那条蛇便让所有蛇类从那以后永远匍匐爬行的故事是真的了?”37“我相信那是真的。”
38“好哇，那么你是否知道那以前蛇类是如何行走的呢?”
39观审的人群哄地笑了起来。布莱恩气得脸色发青，盛怒之下他调门提高了，手里拿着的扇子一个劲儿抖动着。
Unite six
III. Paraphrase
Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:
1 Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. (para1)
Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age/season for all readers.
2 The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied--a cosmos.
In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds. (para4)
His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters.
3 All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic. (para4)
All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph.
4 Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. (para5)
Steamboat decks were filled with people who explored and prepared the way for others and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs.
5 He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region. (para7)
He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the gold rush.
6 ….Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. (para8)
Mark Twain began to work hard as a newspaper reporter and humorist to become well known locally.
7 "It was a splendid population –---- for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home... (para9) Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were the slow, dull and lazy people.
8 'Well, that is California all over. (para9)
That’s typical of California.
9 "What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges." (para19)
If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers.
10 The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end. (para22)
At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.
V. Translation
A. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets:
1汤姆很聪明，丝毫不亚于班上的第一名学生。（every bit）
Tom was every bit as intelligent as the top boy in his class.
2 对贫困的担心使他忧虑重重。(to be obsessed with)
He was obsessed with fear of poverty.
3 洞庭湖盛产鱼虾。(to teem with)
Dongting Lake teems with fish and shrimps.
4 迫于压力，他别无办法，只好离职。(to have no choice but)
Under pressure, he had no other choice but quit office.
5 那时许多儿童死于天花。(to succumb to )
Many children succumbed to small pox then.
6他发现船舱里进了很多水，十分惊恐。(to sb’s horror)
Much to his horror, he found the cabin flooded.
7 直到半夜医生才做完手术。(not until)
Not until midnight did the surgeon finish the operation.
8 彼得的特点正是如此。(that’s … all over)
That’s Peter all over.
9 历史课使我对古代文明有所了解。(to acquaint sb with)
The history course has acquainted me with ancient civilizations.
10 新上演的那出话剧充分表现了中国人民大无畏的革命精神。(find expression)
The dauntless revolutionary spirit of the Chinese people finds full expression in the new play.
Exercises for Lesson 7
III. Paraphrase
Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings:
1. She thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that "no" is a word the world never learned to say to her. (para2)
She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life and that she can always have anything she wants.
2. My fat keeps me hot in zero weather. (para5)
Because I am fat, I feel hot even in freezing weather.
3. Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. (para5)
The popular TV talk show star, Johnny Carson, who is famous for his witty and glib tongue, has to
try hard if he wants to catch up with me because I outdo him.
4. It seems to me I have talked to them always with one toot raised in flight, with my head turned in whichever way is farthest from them. (para6)
I am ready to leave as quickly as possible because of discomfort, nervousness, timidity, etc, and turn my head away from them in order to avoid them as much as possible for the same reason.
5. She would always look anyone in the eye. (para6)
She would always look at sb directly and steadily, not feeling embarrassed or ashamed.
6. She washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn't necessarily need to know. (para11)
She imposed on us lots of falsity and so-called knowledge that was totally useless and irrelevant to us.
7. Like good looks and money, quickness passed her by. (para13)
She is homely and poor. Besides she was not smart.
8. Meanwhile Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie's hand. (para23)
Meanwhile Dee’s boyfriend is trying to shake hands with Maggie in fancy and elaborate way.
9. Though, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches. (para32)
In fact, I could have traced it back before the Civil War through the branches of the family tree.
10. He just stood there grinning, looking down on me like somebody inspecting a Model A car. (para36)
He just stood there with a grin on his face and looked at me as if inspecting sth old and out-of-date.
11. Every once in a while he and Wangero sent eye signals over my head. (para36)
Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way.
12. "I can 'member Grandma Dee without the quilts." (para73)
I don’t need the quilts to remind me of Grandma Dee. She lives in my memory.
V. Translation
A. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or expressions given in the brackets:
1 一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。(burn …to the ground)
A big fire burned to the ground more than 300 homes in the slum neighborhood.
2 只要你为人正直，不怕失去什么，那你对任何人都不会畏惧。(lock someone in the eyes)
If you are upright and not afraid of losing anything, you will be able to look anyone in the eye.
3 这件衬衣与裙子的颜色和式样都不相配。(to match)
This blouse doesn't match the color or the style of the skirt
4 咱们一边喝咖啡一边谈这件事吧。(over sth)
Let's talk about the matter over a cup of coffee.
5 他无法想象为什么人们反对他的看法。(to imagine)
He couldn't imagine why people were opposed to his suggestions.
6 这位官员在下汽车时碰到两个恐怖分子。(to confront)
Stepping off from the car, the official was confronted by two terrorists.
7 只要我们坚持这些原则，我们就会成功。(to stick to )
As long as we stick to these principles, we will surely be successful.
8 这个消息使她大为震惊，但她很快就镇定了下来。(to recompose)
She was shocked at the news, but before long she recomposed herself.
9 这段典故的来源很难查找到。(to trace)
It is very difficult to trace this allusion to its source.
B. Translate the following sentences into Chinese:
1. I will wait for her in the yard that Maggie and I made so clean and wavy yester day afternoon.(para1)
我就在这院子里等候她的到来。我和麦姬昨天下午已将院子打扫得干干净净，地面上还留着清晰的扫帚扫出的波浪形痕迹。
2. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves, anyone can come and sit and look up into the elm tree and wait for the breezes that never come inside the house. (para1)
当院子的泥土地面被打扫得像屋里的地板一样干净，四周边缘的细沙面上布满不规则的细纹时，任何人都可以进来坐一下，一边抬头仰望院中的榆树，一边等着享受从来吹不进屋内的微风。
3. She has been like this, chin on chest, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle, ever since the fire that burned the other house to the ground. (para9)
自从那次大火烧垮房屋之事发生后，她一直是这个样子，下巴贴近胸口，眼盯着地面，走路拖着脚。
4. Sometimes I can still hear the flames and feel Maggie's arms sticking to me, her hair smoking and her dress falling off her in little black papery flakes. (para10)
有时候我似乎还能听见燃烧的火焰发出的呼呼的响声，可以感觉到麦姬用手紧紧抓住我，看到她的头发冒烟，她的衣服烧成黑灰一片片脱落的情景。
5. There are no real windows, just some holes cut in the sides, like the portholes in a ship, but not round and not square, with rawhide holding the shutter s up on the outside. (para14)
房子没有真正的窗户，只是侧面墙上挖了几个洞，有点像船上的舷窗，但又不是圆的，也不是方形的。
窗格子向外开，用生牛皮悬吊起来。
6. She never takes a shot without making sure the house is included. (para 22)
她每拍一张照片总要认认真真地选好镜头把屋子拍进去。
7. You didn't even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood. (para54)
不用将眼睛凑近去细看也可以看出搅乳棒把柄上由于长年累月握着搅动而留下的凹陷的握痕。
8. And one teeny faded blue piece, about the size of a penny matchbox, that was from Great Grandpa Ezra's uniform that he wore in the Civil War. (para55)
还有一小块褪了色的烂布片，大小只相当于一个小火柴盒，那是从依兹拉曾祖父在南北战争时穿的军服上拆下来的。
C. Translate Paragraphs 5, 6 and 11 into Chinese.
5
在现实生活中，我是一个大块头、大骨架的妇女，有着干男人活儿的粗糙双手。冬天睡觉时我穿着绒布睡衣，白天身穿套头工作衫。我能像男人一样狠狠地宰猪并收拾干净。我身上的脂肪使我在寒冬也能保暖。我能整天在户外干活儿，敲碎冰块，取水洗衣。我能吃从刚宰杀的猪体内切下来、还冒着热气、而后在明火上烧熟的猪肝。有一年冬天，我用一把大铁锤击倒一头公牛，锤子正打在小牛两眼之间的大脑上。天黑之前，我把牛肉挂起来凉着。不过，这一切当然都没有在电视上出现过。我的女儿希望我的样子是：体重减去一百磅，皮肤像下锅煎之前的大麦面饼那样细腻光滑，头发在炽热耀眼的灯光下闪闪发亮。而且，我还是一个伶牙俐齿的人，说起话来妙语连珠，就连约翰尼·卡森也望尘莫及。
6
可是，这是个错误，我还没醒来之前就知道了。谁听说约翰逊家的人是伶牙俐齿的?谁能想象我敢直视一个陌生的白人? 和他们讲话时，我总是紧张不安，随时准备溜走。我的头总是转到离他们最远的方向。不过，迪伊就不这样。她对任何人都不畏惧。犹豫不决可不是她的本性。
11
过去我以为她也讨厌麦姬。但是那是在教堂和我筹钱送她到奥古斯塔上学之前的事。那时她常给我们读点什么，读时毫无同情之心，将文字、谎言、别人的习惯以及整个生活强加于我俩。我和麦姬毫无办法，一无所知地困坐在那里，她的声音凌驾于我们之上。她对我们灌输一大堆编造出来的事物以及我们不需要掌握的知识。她严肃地强迫我们听她读书，把我们俩人看成傻瓜一样，刚有点似懂非懂的时候又把我们挥之而去。
Lesson 8三杯茶
堆在地上的石头与其说是盖新学校的建材，不如说更像远古时代遗留下来的废墟。
前一个冬天离开科尔飞之前，摩顿森已经把帐篷地钉打进地里作为记号，还绑上红蓝尼龙绳索，用来标示学校五间教室的平面图。
过去几百年来，科尔飞的清真寺和怀着信仰涌入寺里祈祷的村民一样，都在为了适应环境而改变。
他和摩顿森一起量好准确的长度后，把麻线浸在钙粉和石灰的混合物里，接着用村里几百年来的古法标示施工的位置
他和塔瓦哈把绳子拉紧，然后往地上一弹、留下一条白色线痕，校墙的位置便清晰可见了。
沟挖好后，哈吉·阿里对着两块巨石点点头，六名壮丁合力抬起石头，吃力地移动脚步走到沟边，把石头放进面向“科尔飞乔戈里峰”的地基角落。
这是全村最大的一只羊，以至于塔瓦哈要努力撑着才不会被它甩开，根本就是它拖着塔瓦哈一步一步接近屠宰场的人。
8、“亲眼看到这个正如我在主日学校了解到的圣诞故事一样的场面，我不禁觉得不同的信仰之间有着如此多的相似之处，我们可以将传统追溯到同一个根源。”
在最后一块骨头被敲碎，最后一滴骨髓都被吸干后，摩顿森加入村民的队伍，在即将成为学校庭院的预定地点升起火庆祝。
千米之下的科尔飞，逐渐成熟的麦田一片翠绿，但看起来那么渺小脆弱，仿佛漂浮在岩石海洋中的生命之舟。
那些羊终究会死的，被吃掉之后就什么都没有了，但学校还会在这里。
当时我才意识到，任何事情、任何我所经历过的困难，跟他准备为村民们做的牺牲相比，根本就是九牛一毛。
Lesson 8 Three Cups of Tea (Excerpts)
Translation
1. 当他被人从河里救出来时，几乎半死不活了。
2. 在我上一次访问这个村子时，那里还没有学校。现在一所小学已经屹立在山顶上。
3. 他恢复了知觉，睁开眼睛，想努力搞清楚发生了什么事，为什么他躺在那里。
4. 展览会上最吸引观众的是新奇的电子产品。
5. 温室里的许多奇花异草引起大家争先拍照。
6. 这位作家出生于一个大家庭，他的家谱可以追溯到十五代以前。
7. 当地少数民族在杀牲口前，先要举行一番宗教仪式，请求上苍允许他们杀生。 8. 村民们贫穷的事实并非说明他们就愚昧无知。 9. 志愿者们的共同努力使得项目开展起来了。
10. 登山者感到头晕，几乎站立不住，一是由于过度疲劳，也是因为太饥饿了。
参考译文
1. When he was saved from the river, he was more dead than alive.
2. On my previous visit, there was no school, but now one stands on the mountain.
3. As he came to himself, he opened his eyes, trying to figure out waht had happened and why he was lying the re.
4. At the exhibition there were many novel electronic products that attracted the attention of visitors.
5. People were keen on taking pictures of the many exotic flowers and plants in the greenhouse.
6. This writer c ame from a large, prominent family whose genealogy streches back fifteen generations.
7. Before killing an animal, the indigenous ethnic people usually hold rituals to request permission from their G od.
8. The fact that the villagers are poor doesn’t mean they are ignorant or stupid. 9. The volunteers made concert ed efforts and got the project off the ground.
10. The climber felt so dizzy that he could hardly stand up, as much from over exhaustion as from starvation.
Paraphrase
1.What does it matter to wait for another winter?
2.Sher Takhi had a booming voice, and without the advantage of amplification his voice filled the small room. He
called Korphe’s believers, who were widely scattered to pray five times a day.
3.As the moon went up high in the sky above Korphe K2, the villagers danced around the fire and taught
Mortenson lines from the Himalayan Epic of Gesar, beloved across most parts of the Himalayas which is the highest part of the world, and introduced him to the traditional Balti folk songs which were so rich that it could never be used up.
4.The fact that Balti didn’t have a written history didn’t mean that its rich history wasn’t real.
5.He had had so much trouble getting the plan of building one school started successfully. And he had to
concentrate on completing this one and had no time or energy to think on the large scale of building more schools envisioned by Hoemi.
6.The old man led Mortenson to climb the mountain for an hour. Although Haji Ali was old, his legs were still
strong enough to leave the younger man far behind who thus felt ashamed.
7.The air was so clear as if it had been just scrubbed. You can have such clear air only when you get to a certain
high altitude.
8.“You have to know, in these villages, a ram was valued as precious as a firstborn child, a prize cow and a family
pet combined,” Mortenson explains.
Lesson 9 “A More Perfect Union” (Part I)
Translation
1.他把网上的流传当成一个笑话，不予理睬。
2.马克?吐温的《竞选州长》是一片著名的短篇故事。
3. 3. 对于遭受灾难的人们，我们应该毫无保留地帮助他们。
4. 4. 考虑到他们没有经验，他们的工作成绩还是相当不错的。
5. 5. 她是在华裔人占主导地位的社区里长大的。
6. 6. 心情不好不能成为你对同事粗暴的理由。
7. 7. 警方把这件事视作“误解”而草草了事。
参考译文
1. He dismissed the story circulating on the Internet as a joke.
2. Mark Twain’s“Running for Governor” is a famous short story.
3. We should reach out without reservation to those who suffer from disasters.
4. Given their lack of experience, their work should be considered as above average.
5. She grew up in a community where the inhabitants were predominantly of Chinese origin.
6. Being in a bad mod cannot justify your rude behavoir toward your colleagues.
7. The police dismissed the incident as a case of misunderstanding.
1.221年前，一群人聚集在至今仍屹立在这条街上的市政厅里，用上述这样简洁的言语，发起了美利坚不可思议的民主实验。农场主和学者，政治家与爱国者们为逃脱政治专制和宗教迫害，横渡大洋，最终在费城会议上发表了他们的独立宣言。——这一会议一直延续了1787年的春天。
2.它因这个国家的奴隶制原罪而劣迹斑斑，这一问题分裂着殖民地的定居者们，使得费城会议陷入僵局，最后建国者们决定同意奴隶贸易再继续开展至少二十年，而将这一问题留待子孙后代去解决。
3.这样的经历不会将我塑造成最保守的候选人，但它使我骨子里因一种信念而警醒：这个国家高于它的各部分的加总，高于多数群体，我们本身就是一个整体。
4.相反，它们反映了一种对这个国家的极度扭曲的看法——它将白人的种族歧视主义视为天经地义，将美国的弊病夸张到掩盖我们所知道的一切关于美国的美好，它将中东的冲突完全解释为我们坚定的盟国以色列的行为所致，而非源自激进的伊斯兰原教旨主义固执而充斥着仇恨的意识形态。
5.那些有关生存、自由和希望的故事，变成了我们自己的故事，我的故事；流淌的血液是我们的血液，眼泪是我们的眼泪；在这个阳光明媚的日子，这个黑人聚集的教堂，再一次作为桥梁将一个民族的故事汇入未来的世代和更大的世界。
6.它容纳了善意和残忍、绝顶聪明和盲目无知、尚在困境中挣扎的和已经功成名就的、爱和肯定、苦难和偏见这些美国黑人所经历的一切。
7.在我同他谈话时，我不止一次听到他用贬损的语言谈及那些种族团体，或是对那些与他交往的白人毕恭毕敬。
8.我们如果对此不屑一顾就会犯怀特神父同样的错误，那就是在他关于美利坚的布道中以简单化的、颇具成见的方式放大美国的负面，结果造成对现实的扭曲。若对种族问题不屑一顾，我们就会犯和他同样的错误。
Paraphrase
1.After heated debate and compromises, the Constitution was finally adopted by the Constitutional Convention
and 39 out of 55 delegates signed the document. But the “three-fifths” clause and the twenty years allowed for the slave trade showed the slave issue was not solved, so the process of forming a more perfect union did not
end with the enforcement of the Constitution.
2.My personal background and my success story, rising from rags to riches, also teaches me the importance of
unity.
3.Through my experience in the United States, I am deeply rooted with the idea that America is not just a total of
adding everything together but is the product of fusion, of sharing the same creed.
4.In spite of all predictions that I would fail in the campaign, we gained momentum in the first year of the
campaign, which showed that the American people were eager to unity and change.
5.People were encouraged to judge me in terms of race and color, raising the question of whether the United
States would fare better with a black president. However, we won great victories even in some states which are more conservative and more racially biased.
6.The week before the Democrats were to select their delegates to the national convention in South Carolina,
racial tension which seemed insubstantial in the past became more frequent and more intense.
7.At one end of the wide range of opinions, there are people who say that I decided to run for presidency only
because of the desires of native liberals in achieving racial harmony without making a great effort and I wanted to prove that black and white should have equal opportunity.
8.It is impossible for me to cast him off just as it is impossible for me to repudiate the black community.
10课
黑人被歧视是受法律保障的，而这种歧视有时甚至是考暴力维护的。黑人常常被禁止拥有财产，黑人企业往往得不到贷款的贷款，黑人业主不能获得联邦住房委员会的抵押贷，黑人常常被禁止参加工会或在警察署或消防署任职。这一切意味着黑人家庭不可能积攒大量财富留给他们的后代
在众多城市黑人社区缺乏基本的服务设施，比如供孩子玩耍的公园、巡逻警、日常的垃圾车和小区保安等，都导致了长久困扰我们的暴力—衰落—漠视周而复始
的发生。
正如同黑人的愤怒情绪常常产生不良后果，白人的憎恨情绪也同样使人们偏离使中产阶级陷入困境的罪魁祸首——内部交易充斥于整个企业文化中，可疑的会计操作方式，短期投机，国会游说者和特殊利益所主导的政府，服务于少数人而不是大多数人的经济政策。
与那些批评我的黑人和白人评论员的观点相反，我从不曾天真到相信单凭一次竞选巡回，或单靠哪一个候选人，特别是象我这样一个自身并不完美的候选人，就能摆脱我们的种族分裂问题。
但我持有一个坚定的信念，它植根于我对上帝和美国人民的信仰。我相信如果大家一起努力，我们能够去除我们久已存在的种族伤痛的一部分，并且如果我们想继续致力于建立一个更完美的联邦，除了团结起来我们别无选择。
在白人社区，通向更好的联邦的路途意味着懂得折磨黑人社区的情绪不只存在于黑人的心中；种族歧视的历史和当前那些与过去相比不那么平凡的歧视事件，真实而且必须得到表达。
最后我们所倡导的，恰恰正是这世界上所有伟大的宗教都要求的——利人即为利己。
这个国家也许永远不会完善，但一代又一代美国人证明它可以不断自身改善。
高中数学必修1课后习题答案 第一章 集合与函数概念 1．1集合 1．1．1集合的含义与表示 练习（第5页） 1．用符号“∈”或“?”填空： （1）设A 为所有亚洲国家组成的集合，则：中国_______A ，美国_______A ， 印度_______A ，英国_______A ； （2）若2 {|}A x x x ==，则1-_______A ； （3）若2{|60}B x x x =+-=，则3_______B ； （4）若{|110}C x N x =∈≤≤，则8_______C ，9.1_______C ． 1．（1）中国∈A ，美国?A ，印度∈A ，英国?A ； 中国和印度是属于亚洲的国家，美国在北美洲，英国在欧洲． （2）1-?A 2 {|}{0,1}A x x x ===． （3）3?B 2{|60}{3,2}B x x x =+-==-． （4）8∈C ，9.1?C 9.1N ?． 2．试选择适当的方法表示下列集合： （1）由方程2 90x -=的所有实数根组成的集合； （2）由小于8的所有素数组成的集合； （3）一次函数3y x =+与26y x =-+的图象的交点组成的集合； （4）不等式453x -<的解集． 2．解：（1）因为方程2 90x -=的实数根为123,3x x =-=， 所以由方程2 90x -=的所有实数根组成的集合为{3,3}-； （2）因为小于8的素数为2,3,5,7， 所以由小于8的所有素数组成的集合为{2,3,5,7}； （3）由326y x y x =+??=-+?，得14x y =??=? ， 即一次函数3y x =+与26y x =-+的图象的交点为(1,4)，
新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。
第一章 1.(Q1) What is the difference between a host and an end system List the types of end systems. Is a Web server an end system Answer: There is no difference. Throughout this text, the words “host” and “end system” are used interchangeably. End systems inc lude PCs, workstations, Web servers, mail servers, Internet-connected PDAs, WebTVs, etc. 2.(Q2) The word protocol is often used to describe diplomatic relations. Give an example of a diplomatic protocol. Answer: Suppose Alice, an ambassador of country A wants to invite Bob, an ambassador of country B, over for dinner. Alice doesn’t simply just call Bob on the phone and say, come to our dinner table now”. Instead, she calls Bob and suggests a date and time. Bob may respond by saying he’s not available that particular date, but he is available another date. Alice and Bob continue to send “messages” back and forth until they agree on a date and time. Bob then shows up at the embassy on the agreed date, hopefully not more than 15 minutes before or after the agreed time. Diplomatic protocols also allow for either Alice or Bob to politely cancel the engagement if they have reasonable excuses. 3.(Q3) What is a client program What is a server program Does a server program request and receive services from a client program Answer: A networking program usually has two programs, each running on a different host, communicating with each other. The program that initiates the communication is the client. Typically, the client program requests and receives services from the server program.
新编实用英语综合教程2 unit 1 课后习题答案 P4-1 ①What are you doing tonight② i was wondering ③i wish i could ④write a term paper ⑤ some other time then ⑥ That's right P4-2 1）are you doing anything special tommorrow evening ? 2) i would like invite you to come to my birthday party . would you like to join us ? :3) Good , will you come at 7:00 ? 4) Lemonade if you must bring sth . P4-3 1) what are you going to do this weekend ? 2) Thunderstorm is on this weekend . 3) the early or the late show 4) Maybe go to KFC (kentucky Fried Chicken ) or a Coffee Shop . 5) i 'd rather go to KFC 6) when and where shall we meet ? P5-1 ①tomorrow②ball game③skiing④f or a long time ⑤very warm⑥agree P6-2
① No , she doen't ②going to the ball game and skiing ③She heard it on the radio ④ No , he doesn't ⑤ He will give claire a call P6-3 ① the time and place ②fine ③formal written ④ in writing ⑤ at the bottom ⑥ attend ⑦ in person or by phone ⑧ comfortable P7-4 1) d 2) C 3) a 4) b P8-1 1) You should not fell committed until you know what the invitation 2) it is : apology , reason for refusal , thanks for the invitation . 3) it means each pays one's own check when eating in a restaurant . 4) the word "sometime ". P9-2 1) instances 2) informal 3)entertain 4) host 5) casual 6)suggestion P9-3 ① invent an excuse later ② present problems ③ explicit④ specific time mentioned ⑤ Yes , th at would be nice . P9-4 1) instance 2) present 3) hostess 4. appropriate 5)invent 6) entertain 7) explicit 8) identify P9-5 !) For convenience , the photo will be shown in time sequence. 2) You are required to stop your car after an accident .
Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by
大学英语精读第一册课后练习部分答案 Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7. look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10. other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home. 3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems. 6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。 Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension. 7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。然而，事实未必如此。 Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls. This is not necessarily the case, however. 8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。 Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving their study habits.
第一章半导体器件基础 1．试求图所示电路的输出电压Uo，忽略二极管的正向压降和正向电阻。 解： （a）图分析： 1）若D1导通，忽略D1的正向压降和正向电阻，得等效电路如图所示，则U O=1V，U D2=1-4=-3V。即D1导通，D2截止。 2）若D2导通，忽略D2的正向压降和正向电阻，得等效电路如图所示，则U O=4V，在这种情况下，D1两端电压为U D1=4-1=3V，远超过二极管的导通电压，D1将因电流过大而烧毁，所以正常情况下，不因出现这种情况。 综上分析，正确的答案是U O= 1V。 （b）图分析： 1.由于输出端开路，所以D1、D2均受反向电压而截止，等效电路如图所示，所以U O=U I=10V。
2．图所示电路中， E 解： （a）图 当u I＜E时，D截止，u O=E=5V； 当u I≥E时，D导通，u O=u I u O波形如图所示。 u I ωt 5V 10V uo ωt 5V 10V （b）图 当u I＜-E=-5V时,D1导通D2截止，uo=E=5V； 当-E＜u I＜E时，D1导通D2截止，uo=E=5V； 当u I≥E=5V时，uo=u I 所以输出电压u o的波形与（a）图波形相同。 5．在图所示电路中，试求下列几种情况下输出端F的电位UF及各元件(R、DA、DB)中通过的电流：( 1 )UA=UB=0V；( 2 )UA= +3V，UB = 0 V。( 3 ) UA= UB = +3V。二极管的正向压降可忽略不计。 解：（1）U A=U B=0V时，D A、D B都导通，在忽略二极管正向管压降的情况下，有：U F=0V mA k R U I F R 08 .3 9.3 12 12 = = - = Preview 2. Do the following exercises . 1) muscle 2) delinquency/delinquent 3) prominence 4) proficiency 5)frequency 6)penalty 7)immensity 8)exaltation 9)withdrawal 10)mockery 11)deficiency 12)compensation 词根 1) ette: little one; small 2) out---: in a manner that is greater, better, or more than something else. 3) pose---: to put; to place 4) dict--- : to say; to speak Translation 1) 那只是个口误，却让他丢失了政府部门的工作。 2）当听到那所大学没有授予她儿子博士学位时，她的情绪以下低落了。 3）照片上我们看到她赛后自豪而满足地挥舞着国旗的样子。 4）电影遭禁演，因为他们声称其中含有令他们反感的反对他们种族的内容。 5）他和他的内阁成员讨论的时候，当然不会谈这些小事。 6）我的小小的建议就写在这一小片纸上，请你见到她时给她。 7）有些人坚决反对，但大多数特洛伊人都决定要把那木马弄进城里。他们永远没有想到 这个怪物里面藏着敌人。 8）我觉得教师进课堂时应该穿得朴素些，你的这件衣服颜色稍显艳丽了。 上课讲 Vocabulary 1. Translate the following expressions Into English 1.Bang the door 2. Cheer His Majesty 3. Contemplate the statue 4. devise a new method 5. Gain a reputation 6. Inspire the people 7. Sink one’s head 8. symbolize the nation 9. Warm one’s hands 10. Ruin one’s health 11. Plan an important role 12. Settle the issue Into Chinese 1.永恒的真理 2. 文件柜 3. 无稽之谈 4. 违规行为 5. 常客 6. 新鲜空气 7. 一个人唱高调 8.一种固定的观点 9.言语障碍 10. 可怕的风 11. 狂热的爱国主义 12. 无情的侵略者 13. 首相 14.思维过程 15.国际联盟 16. 一篇条理清楚的文章 17.一位口译好手 18. 一种不可阻挡的潮流 19. 烂苹果 20. 点头之交 the parts in bold types in the following sentences with words and expressions from the text. 新概念英语第一册习题 Lesson 1 A About you Copy this dialogue. Add your own name at the end. 抄写这段对话，. 在结尾处加上你的名字。 Sue: Excuse me. ______ John: Yes? ______ Sue: What's your name? ______ John: Pardon? ______ Sue: What's your name? ______ John: My name is John. ______ Sue: What's your name? ______ You: My name is...... ______ B Vocabulary Write the correct words in the questions．. 用正确的词完成以下问句。 book car coat dress house√. pen pencil shirt wathc 1 Is this your h______? 6 Is this your c______? 2 Is this your w______? 7 Is this your c______? 3 Is this your sh ______? 8 Is this your d______? 4 Is this your b______? 9 Is this your p______? 5 Is this your p______? 10 Is this your s ______? C Numbers Write the numbers in figures．. 用阿拉伯数字表示以下数词。 three 3 ten______ one______ four______ six______ five______ eight_________ seven______ two______ nine______ Lesson 1 B 2 watch 3 shirt 4 book 5 pen 6 coat 7 car 8 dress 9 pencil 10 skirt C 10，1，4，6，5，8，7，2，9 新概念英语第一册习题Lesson 2 Lesson 2 Is this your....？这是你的....吗？ A Structure Write questions with the words．用所给的词写出问句。 Handbag Is this your handbag? 1 book ______ 2 car ______ 3 coat ______ 4 dress ______ 5 house ______ 6 pen ______ 7 pencil ______ 8 shirt ______ 9 skirt ______ 10 watch ______ B Situations Look at the situations. Which expression do you use for each？针对所 给情景选择你应该说的话。 第1章 习题答案 1－1 题1－1图所示信号中，哪些是连续信号？哪些是离散信号？哪些是周期信号？哪些是非周期信号？哪些是有始信号？ 解： ① 连续信号：图（a ）、（c ）、（d ）； ② 离散信号：图（b ）； ③ 周期信号：图（d ）； ④ 非周期信号：图（a ）、（b ）、（c ）； ⑤有始信号：图（a ）、（b ）、（c ）。 1－2 已知某系统的输入f(t)与输出y(t)的关系为y(t)=|f(t)|，试判定该系统是否为线性时不变系统。 解： 设T 为此系统的运算子，由已知条件可知： y(t)=T[f(t)]=|f(t)|，以下分别判定此系统的线性和时不变性。 ① 线性 1）可加性 不失一般性，设f(t)=f 1(t)+f 2(t)，则 y 1(t)=T[f 1(t)]=|f 1(t)|，y 2(t)=T[f 2(t)]=|f 2(t)|，y(t)=T[f(t)]=T[f 1(t)+f 2(t)]=|f 1(t)+f 2(t)|，而 |f 1(t)|＋|f 2(t)|≠|f 1(t)+f 2(t)| 即在f 1(t)→y 1(t)、f 2(t)→y 2(t)前提下，不存在f 1(t)＋f 2(t)→y 1(t)＋y 2(t)，因此系统不具备可加性。 由此，即足以判定此系统为一非线性系统，而不需在判定系统是否具备齐次性特性。 2）齐次性 由已知条件，y(t)=T[f(t)]=|f(t)|，则T[af(t)]=|af(t)|≠a|f(t)|=ay(t) （其中a 为任一常数） 即在f(t)→y(t)前提下，不存在af(t)→ay(t),此系统不具备齐次性，由此亦可判定此系统为一非线性系统。 ② 时不变特性 由已知条件y(t)=T[f(t)]=|f(t)|，则y(t-t 0)=T[f(t-t 0)]=|f(t-t 0)|， 即由f(t)→y(t)，可推出f(t-t 0)→y(t-t 0)，因此，此系统具备时不变特性。 依据上述①、②两点，可判定此系统为一非线性时不变系统。 1－3 判定下列方程所表示系统的性质： )()()]([)()(3)(2)(2)()()2()()(3)(2)()()()()() (2''''''''0t f t y t y d t f t y t ty t y c t f t f t y t y t y b dx x f dt t df t y a t =+=++-+=+++=? 解：（a ）① 线性 1）可加性 由 ?+=t dx x f dt t df t y 0)()()(可得?????→+=→+=??t t t y t f dx x f dt t df t y t y t f dx x f dt t df t y 01122011111)()()()()()()()()()(即即 则 ???+++=+++=+t t t dx x f x f t f t f dt d dx x f dt t df dx x f dt t df t y t y 0212102201121)]()([)]()([)()()()()()( 即在)()()()()()()()(21212211t y t y t f t f t y t f t y t f ＋＋前提下，有、→→→，因此系统具备可加性。 2）齐次性 由)()(t y t f →即?+=t dx x f dt t df t y 0)()()(，设a 为任一常数，可得 )(])()([)()()]([)]([000t ay dx x f dt t df a dx x f a dt t df a dx x af t af dt d t t t =+=+=+??? 即)()(t ay t af →，因此，此系统亦具备齐次性。 由上述1）、2）两点，可判定此系统为一线性系统。 Unit 1 Text comprehension I. B II. TTFFT III. Omitted IV. 1. ... Britain has been in too long a period of stillness without taking any particular action against the enemy! 2. ... we are sure to experience both Triumph and Disaster, and we must treat them as the same thing taking different appearances because they are essentially interchangeable. 3. ... never give in unless we are convinced that it is honorable and sensible for us to do so. 4. Other nations thought that Britain was completely conquered. 5. ... we willwin as long as we hold on to the end. Vocabulary exercises I. 1. gladden my heart; 2. situation, circumstances; 3. threat; 4. splendid, heroic; 5. sudden small movement because of pain or fear II. 1. put... through; 2. addressed himself to; 3. was going through; 4. Throwing our minds back to 5. yielded to; 6. close our account; 7. ups and downs; 8. Misfortunes III. 1. catastrophically; 2. deceptive; 3. convictions; 4. apparently; 5. Perseverance; 6. desperation; 7. unflinchingly; 8. Courageous IV. CDADB ACA V. 1. threat (danger); 2. happy (successful); 3. position; 4. seemingly; 5. defeat (failure); 6. retreat (shrink, withdraw); 7. praise (commend, laud); 8. Destroy VI. 1. currrent; 2. shown; 3. frequently; 4. depressed; 5. try harder; 6. takes in Grammar I. 1. The school teaches shorthand, bookkeeping and the use of business machines. 2. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary but because of the faulty syntax. 3. Marian could not decide whether to start college right after high school or to get a job first. 4. The Allies decided to invade Italy and then to launch a massive assault on the Normandy coast. 5. The actor was stunned not only by the noise of booing but also by the sight of flying tomatoes. 6. Smoking cigarettes can be as dangerous as playing Russian roulette. 7. The trip to the city is neither long nor expensive. 8. You must either stay home or go with us. 9. The course consists of several lectures, three written reports, and two impromptu oral 综合教程1课后习题答案 -------第六、七、八单元Unit 6 Vocabulary Ⅰ 1. 1) Fertile 2) Reflected 3) Overseas 4) Slim 5) Split 6) Sustained 7) Glow 8) Thrust 9) Keen 10) Bud 11) Previous 12) Whichever 2. 1) The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me. 2) Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother. 3) A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities. 4) I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in. 5) The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball. 3. 1) to broaden; make their way 2) disgusts; take a chance on 3) the grand; and overseas; reflected Ⅱ 1. 1) frightened 2) afraid/ frightened 2. 1) alike/similar 2) similar 3. 1) alive 2) living 4. 1) sleeping 2) asleep Ⅲ 1. 1) disappointed 2) disappointment 3) disappointing 4) disappoint 5) disappointingly 6) disappointing 2. 1) attractive 2) attract 3) attraction 4) attractively 5)精读4unit1课后练习答案
第一册新概念 课后习题答案
信号与系统课后习题答案—第1章
综合教程4unit1课后答案
综合教程1课后习题答案
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