新译林9B英语UNIT 4单元知识点归纳及练习题
9B UNIT4
一、词汇大集合
单词
invent vt.发明，创造
astronaut n.宇航员
explorer n.探险者
nun n.修女，尼姑
flight n.飞行，航班
pilot n.飞行员
licence n.执照，许可证
engineering n.工程(学)
select vt.挑选;选择
commander n.指挥官，司令官
spin vi.快速旋转
mankind n.人类
sample n.样品，标本
citizen n.公民;市民
exploration n.探索;探测
navy n.海军
truly adv.真正地;真实地
spoil vt.损坏，搞糟
mission n.太空飞行任务;使命
broth n.(鱼、肉或蔬菜)汤
unique adj.唯一的，独特的
light bulb n.电灯泡
mathematics n.数学
radium n.镭
couple n.夫妇，(一)对
unknown adj.未知的，不出名的
equation n.方程式;等式
词组:
1.How do you like….?=What do you think of….? 你觉得。。。怎么样？
2.in the form of pills 呈药丸形状
3.the distance between Mars and the Sun 火星和太阳之间的距离
4.at the moment =at present 目前，现在
5.by the year 2100 到2100年时
6.become more and more crowded 变得愈来愈拥挤
7.a large number of =large numbers of+名复大量的
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,rge numbers of passengers 大量的乘客
9.travel at the speed of light 以光的速度旅行
10.three-eights of the gravity on Earth 地球引力的八分之三
11.It is hoped that……可以指望
12.(all) over again 再；重新
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,pare A with B 把A和B相比
14.be compared with sth 被与某物相比
15.in many ways 在许多方面
16.connect A to B 把A连接B
17.(be) connected to an inter-planetary network 连接到星际网络
18.in some ways 在某些方面
19.the possibility of living on Mars 住在火星上的可能性
20.as well as…不但……而且；既……又
21.keep/prevent/stop sb.from doing sth 防止某人做某事
22.because of the rapid increase in population 因为人口的快速增长
23. increase rapidly 迅速地增加
24.one-third/one third 三分之一
25.be aware of sth 知道
27. What’s the population of China? 中国的人口是多少？
28.circle around the Sun 绕太阳运转
29.in agreement 意见一致
30.be similar to 与……相似
31.carry out a survey 开展一个调查
32. after all 毕竟
33.advantages of living on Mars 住在火星上的优势
34.get ill from living there 因为住在那里生病
35.start /begin with a discussion 以讨论开始
36.hear of 听说
37. rock and roll 摇滚乐
38.in the west 在西方
39.space travel 太空旅行
40.become interested in 开始对……感兴趣
41.take one’s first flight 开始某人的第一次飞行
42.in one’s spare time 在某人的业余时间里
43.join the navy 参加海军
44.a test pilot 一次飞行试验
45．go into space 进入太空
46.out of control 失去控制
47.cut the flight short 缩短航程
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,nd on the moon 登陆月球
49.space exploration 太空探测
50.the theory of relativity 相对论
51.be unknown to humans 不为人所知
52.in twentieth century 在20 世纪
53.further research 更进一步的调查
54.walk on the moon 在月球上行走
55.one giant leap 一次大的飞跃
二、句型大集合
1. Who do you think isthe greatest person that has ever lived? 你认为谁是人类史上最伟大的人?
2. Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon …尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是第一个在月球上行走的人……
3. It is said that Armstrong sent a message to Mission Control which said that two huge, strange objects landed near them and were watching them. 据说阿姆斯特朗发了一条信息给任务控制中心，上面说有两个大而奇怪的物体落在他们附近观察他们。
4. Armstrong is the person who made people around the world realize that space exploration was truly possible. 阿姆斯特朗是一个使全球的人们意识到太空探险真的成为可能的人。
5. one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind 个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。
三、语法大聚焦
(一)Defining relative clauses 限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。
这类从句不能省掉，否则句子的意义就不完整。
1. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?
2. A dictionary is a book which /that gives the meaning of words.
(二)Relative pronouns 关系代词
Relative pronoun People Things who √which √that √√
●我们可以用关系代词来引导定语从句。定语从句应紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
●在定语从句中who，which 和that 可以被用作关系代词，用来指人或物。
四、单元综合练习
一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
1.My best friend Neil is ________ honest boy. You can believe him.
A. a
B. an
C.the
D./
2.---I like red best. What about___________?
---My favourite colour is orange. It represents joy.
A. you
B.her
C.him
D.it
3.---__________ I have a ticket , please?
---Sorry,sir. All the tickets were sold out ten minutes ago.
A. May
B.Need
C.Must
D.Should
4.---Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderful?
---Yes. ____________ wonderful film it is!
A. What
B.W hat a
C.How
D.How a
5.Liu Xiang came third ______ the 110-meter-hurdle race last month in Shanghai.
A.in
B.from
C.across
D.through
6.---Let’s go hiking ___________ staying at home , shall we?
----A good idea.
A. as well as
B.in order to
C.instead of
D.in addition to
7.To _________ nature is to help ourselves , or we will be punished.
A.protect
B.prevent
C.provide
D.pollute
8.Maybe the disaster can destroy our homes, but_______can destroy the love in our people.
A.something
B.everything
C.anything
D.nothing
9.The fire was completely ________ shortly afterwards with the help of the firemen.
A.cut down
B.put out
C.give out
D.floated away
10.---Mum, I’m really ________ about the result of the exam.
---Cheer up. I believe you can be successful.
A.patient
B.satisfied
C.unhappy
D.pleased
11.---We can use QQ to communicate with each other online.
----Good. Will you you please show me ____________.
A.which to use
B. how to use it
C.what to use
D.where to use it
12.---Would you like to have ___________ cake ?
----No, thanks. I’ve had two. That’s enough.
A.other
B.others
C.another
D.the other
13.---What’s the news about ?
---________ entertainment stars gathered to attact donations for Yushu.
A.A member of
B.A kind of
C.A packet of
D.A number of
14.---I seem to be lost. Could you tell me ___________?
---Sure. You can take the No.3 bus to get there.
A. where is the nearest hospital
B.how long it will take me to the airport
C.how far is my trip to the Olympic Village
D.how I can get to the National Museum
15.---Sorry, Frank. I’m busy today. I can’t go swimmming with you.
---- _________.
A. No problem
B.You’re welcome
C.That’s all
D.Never mind
二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet (西藏).Our legs were so heavy and cold that 16 felt like big pieces of ice.Have you 17 seen snowmen ride bicylces? That’s what we looked like! Along the way children who were 18 long wool coats stopped to look at us. In the late 19
we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze (结冰).However, the lakes 20 like glass
in the setting sun and loooked wonderful.
Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual. She was in high spirt and I knew I didn’t need to 21 her.To climb the mountains was hard work but as we 22 us, we were surprised by the view. We seemed to be able to see for miles, and we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. After a while, we began going 23 the mo untains. It was great fun especially as it slowly became much 24 .At the foot of the mountains, colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many sheep eating green grass. Then we had to 25 Our caps, gloves and trousers for T-shirts and shorts.
In the early evening we stopped to 26 .We put up our tent and then we ate. Afte supper Wang Wei went to sleep but I stayed 27 .At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter.As I 29 below the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.
We will reach Dali in Yunan Province soon, where our cousins will join us. We 30 hardly wait to see them!
16. A.we B.you C.they D.it
17. A.never B.ever C.even D.yet
18. A.dressed in B.put on C.taken off D.dressed up
19. A.morning B.afternoon C.evening D.night
20. A.shine B.shining C.shines D.shone
21. A.follow B.encourage C.remind D.discover
22. A.looked at B.looked after C.looked for D.looked around
23. A.up B.down C.around D.into
24. A.colder B.drier C.warmer D.wetter
25. A.charge B.check C.chase D.change
26. A.make beds B.make friends C.make camp D.make money
27. A.alive B.alone C.away D.awake
28. A.cloudy B.foggy C.noisy D.quiet
29. A.lie B.lied https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,y https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,id
30. A.may B.can C.must D.shall
三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
(A)
What’s the most important thing for you to have in your life? Someboy mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck.
If you arrange the 26 English letters alphabetically(按字母表的顺序)and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a, 2 for b, 3 for c…, you can change an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96, while love :12+15+22+5=54, and luck : 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words can give one a full mark. What about money or prayer(祈祷)? They can’t , either.
Then what else? Don’t be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude(态度).Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself: attitude:1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100，a full mark.
Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most times people hope for a better life. It is possible that one will have a change for the betterr after one has changed one’s attitude.
When you change your manner and became friendly towards others, you’ll meet more smiling faces towards you.In the same way, if you take a positive(积极地)attitude towards failure(失败),you’ll find it’s also rewarding though it has caused you losses.
31.In the writer’s opinion , what is the most important things in a person’s life?
A.Hard-work.
B.Knowledge.
C.Money.
D.Attitude.
32.According to the passage, if you meet with problems, the best way out is to ___________.
A. ask for helpf from others
B.say your prayers to God
C.change your attitude
D.try maths-solving methods
33.From the passage we can learn that ______________.
A.diffrent attitudes come from different courses of life.
B.mathematics can solve every problem easily in our daily life
C.failure sometimes can bring you good if you take a positive attitude
D.none of the English words except “attitude” equals to 100 or more
(B)
Many years before the United States was founded(建立), Americans had already invented barbecues. But the first barbecues, in fact ,were the invention of the Taino Indians of Haiti, who dried their meat on raised frames(架子)of sticks over fires. Spanish explorers spelled the Taino word as barbacoa, and as time passed, English settlers along the Atlantic coat had their own
barbecues.
One summer day in 1773, Benjamin Lynde, a citizen of Massachusetts, wrote in his diary, “Fair and hot ; Browne;hack overset.”That is , on a bright and hot day he went to the Brownes to attedn a barbecue, and his carriage(马车)fell over. It shows that the barbecue had its social occasion by that time. Large animals would be roasted whole on frames over hot neighbours would be invited to dinn er.
In later centuries, as settlers moved to the west, the barbecue went along with it, reaching an especially large size in Texas, where a pit (坑)for fuels(燃料) such as tree branches might be over ten feet deep. Today , the barbecue grills(烧烤架)which are fueled by charcoal(木炭) or electricity are likely to be small and easy to move , and can cook only parts of an animal at a time, but people still have barbecues out of doors and always invite their neighbours or friends over.
34.Who invented the barbecues first in history?
A.American people.
B.Taino Indians.
C.Spanish explorers.
D.English settlers.
35.The second paragraph mainly tells us that the barbecue_______________.
A.is only held on a hot sunny day
B.welcomes people who keep diaries
C.is held both indoors and outdoors
D.has its social occasion for over 200 years
36.The underlined expression “ social occasion” can be best translated into______________.
A.社交功能
B.社会福利
C.社会地位
D.社会背景
37.The following are all the barbecue ways EXCEPT __________________.
A. drying meat on raised frames of sticks over fires
B. roasting a whole animal over a pit full of burning tree branches
C.cooking parts of animals over fires on grills fueled by charcoal
D.heating meat in the bright and hot daylight
r than a car. The pilots will keep it in the air for up to f
A. It can fly at 70 km an hour.
B.It is solar –powered.
C.It has passed a night-flight test.
D.It is slower than a car.
39.Lowcarbon is a special plane because________________.
A.it’s made in Switzerlland
B.it has travelled around the world
C.it can do turns in the sky
D.it’s big and light, but uses little enegy
40.The purpose of the second article is to________________.
A.encourage us to visit Shanghai Expo
B.ask us to be volunteers for Shanghai Expo
C.invite us to write stories about Shanghai Expo
D.tell us to get the lucky prize of Shanghai Expo
41.Your stories about the 2010 Shanghai Expo for China Daily___________.
A.can be in Chinese
B.don’t need to have photos
C.must be given by post
D.should be handed in by e-mail
(D)
On a British Airways flight from Johannesburg, a middle-aged ,rich white South American lady found herself sitting next to a black man. She called the cabin stewardess(机舱乘务员)over to complain about her seating.
“What seems to be the problem, Madam?” asked the stewardess.
“Can’t you see?” she said. “You’ve sat me next to a black man. I can’t possibly sit next to this kind of human. Find me another seat!”
“Please calm down, Madam,” the stewardess replied. “The flight is very full today, but I’ll tell you what I’ll do---I
Will go and check to see if we have any free seats in Club(商务舱)or First Class.”
The lady had an unfriendly look at the outraged(被激怒的)black man beside her.
A few minutes later the stewardess returned and said to the lady with a self –satisfied smile, “I’m sorry, Madam, this Economy(经济舱)is full, and Club is also full. However, we do have one seat in First Class.”
The lady could not help looking at the people around her. But before she had a chance to get up or make any answer, the stewardess continued , “We seldom make this kind of upgrade(升级),however, and I had to report it to the captain(机长).When the captain heard this,he said that it was not proper to make someone sit next to such an obnoxious(令人讨厌的)person.” Having said that, the stewardess turned to the black man sitting next to the lady, and said, “So if you’d like to get your things, sir, I have a seat ready for you…”
At this time, the people around stood up and clapped their hands. The black man walked up to the front of the plane.
That was an unforgettable flight for me, for I was the black man who had never flown First Class before.
42.Where did this story happen?
A. At the booking office.
B.In the Economy cabin.
C.In the Club cabin.
D.In the First Class cabin.
43.The black man was finally upgraded to the First Class cabin because _____________.
A. the stewardess loved him
B. he was angry with the white lady
C.the captain knew him
D.the white lady was too impolite
44.What might be the correct order of the cabins from the front to the back on this plance?
A.Club→Pilots’→Economy →First Class
B. Pilots’→Club →Economy →First Class
C. Club→Economy→First Class→Pilots’
D. Pilots’→First Class →Club→Economy
45.What can be the best title of this article?
A. Flying First Class
B.On a British Airways Flight
C.Sitting N ext to a Lady
D.An Unforgettable Free Flight
四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
A.根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入适当的单词
46.—I like this camera! Is it yours?
---Yes,I _____________(花费)1,200yuan on it last year.
47.---How often do you play badminton with your classmates?
---________(一次)a week.
48.—I am worrried I’m getting fatter.
---You should eat _________(少)food and do more exercise.
49.Having many___________(帮手)makes a task easier.
50.Huaguo Mountain has become the ___________(象征)of Lianyungang.
B.根据对话意思和所给首字母，写出完整正确的单词
Susan: Where are you going , David?
David: To Beijing?
Susan: It’s a long trip from here by bike. How long will it take you to (51)c_________it? David: About two years.
Susan: How many (52)o______ you are making the trip?
David: Five.
Susan: (53)W_________are you making it?
David: We are trying to collec some money.
Susan: What will the money be used for?
David: To a charity (54)c__________ Protecting the Red-Crowned Crane.
Susan: That sounds great. Good (55) l____________ with your trip.
David: Thanks.
五、选词填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
57.---Jack, coffee or juice ?
---Juice, please. I _________________ drinking it.
58.If we don’t reduce carbon emission(碳排放)to stop the temperature from ______, there will be more disasters.
59.---What a pity! The film ____________________ for one hour.
---It doesn’t matter. We can see it next time.
60.Tony wants to know how much I_____________this new dictionary just now.
61.---Dad, I’m very nervous because of the ______________ English competition.
62.----Herta Muller is great. She was the winner of the 2009 Nobel Prize for Literature.
----Yes. She’s the 12th woman__________________.
63._________________ of 2010, a 3D film , Avatar was shown all over the world.
64.People in some parts of China_______________________ the serious rainstorms at present.
65.---What were the children doing over there?
----They ______________ to welcome the 41st World Earth Day.
六、完成句子(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
在横线上填入所缺部分，使句子完整（注意：每空不止一个单词）
A.同义句改写
66.Nick was so tired that he couldn’t walk any further.
Nick was _____________________________ any further.
67.We can’t finish the project on time unless you support us.
The project can’t be finished on time ______________________________.
68.Shall we watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
______________________________watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
B.根据所给汉语和句子意思，用英语补全句子。
69.As we all know, waste water and gas ______________________(对……有不良影响)the environment.
70.A pair of pandas __________________(赠送)to Australia months ago, which represents the friendship between Australian and Chinese people.
71.---Do you often use Baidu ?
---Yes, it’s one of ____________________________(最受欢迎的)Internet search engines.
七、任务型阅读(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
请认真阅读下面短文，在短文后表格中的空白处填入适当的单词(注意：每空1个单词)。
Future and Today
It is well known that everyone has his own dream as well as his own future. But do you know what future really is ? I have to say that future is now. That is to say we must treasure every minute now. If we want to have a bright future, we should know how important time is and use it well.
There is an old English saying: “Gain time, gain life.” Then what’s time? Time is something that we can’t see or touch, but we can feel it passing by. Time is always with us. When we are at table, time passes; when we play, time goes by unnoticeable. We always say “Time is money”, but time is even more precious(珍贵的)than money, because when money is spent , we can earn it back. But if time is gone away, it will never return. So, some of us even say time is priceless(无价的).
We should always remember: future is now. For us students, we should try our best to work hard in order to create a great future of our own. We should make the best use of every hour and be the master of today.We should do everything before us as well as possible. And never put off what can be done today till tomorrow.
As we all know , “Time and tide wait for no man.”If you waste today, you will regret tomorrow. So from now on, work hard. Tomorrow will be better, and your future will be brighter .Remember: “No pains, no gains.”Today’s hard work is the cause of tomorrow’s harvest.
实施规范办学以后，学生自主学习的时间多了。假设学校英语俱乐部委托你做一项关于“实施规范办学以后，学生怎样利用双休日”的问卷调查，请根据下列图表中的调查数据，以“A Report on Weekend Activities”为题，用英语写一篇短文，简单介绍调查情况并发表自己的看法（至少两点）。
注意：1.短文应包括所给内容要点，可适当发挥，使文章连贯；
2.词数100左右，短文开头已给出，不计总词数；
3.文中不得提及考生所在的学校及自己的姓名；
4.参考词汇：对……做调查：do an investigation on…
A Report on Weekend Activities
Since the regular school- running policy was performed, the students now have more free time on Saturday and Sundays. So the English Club in our school invited me to
英语试题参考答案及评分建议
一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1~5 BAABA 6~10 CADBC 11~15BCDDD
二、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
16~20 CBABD 21~25 BDBCD 26~30 CDDCB
三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
31~33DCC 34~37 BDAD 38~41CDCD 42~45BDDA
四、词汇运用(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
46．Spent 47.Once 48.less 49.helpers 50.symbol
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,plete 52.of 53.Why 54.called 55.luck
五、选词填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
56.has been chosen 57.am used to 58.rising 59.has been on 60.paid for
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,ing 62.to win /winning the prize 63.At the beginning
64.are struggling with 65.were drawing pictures
六、完成句子(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
66.too tired to walk 67. if you don’t support us/ without your support
68.Why not/ Why don’t we 69.have a bad effect / bad effects on
70.was given / donated 71.the most popular
七、任务型阅读(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
72. importance/ value https://www.doczj.com/doc/0e14437289.html,eful/ valuable 74.Time
75.lost /missing/ past 76.leads/ contributes 77.best
八、书面表达（满分18分）
A Report on Weekend Activities
Since the regular school- running policy was performed, the students now have more free time on Saturday and Sundays. So the English Club in our school invited me to do an investigation on h ow the students spend their weekends. I find that almost half of the students study by themselves at home.About 25% of them prefer to watch TV or listen to music. 20% of them like to chat onlinne or play computer games, while 10% of them of tehn help their parents do housework. Only a small number of them go in for sports or travelling.
In my opinion, all of us students should have a proper plan for our weekends. We should make good use of our time, learning more knowledge, developing our interests,...We should also learn to rel ax, but I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time watching TV , chatting online or playing computer games.(124 words)