第二部分完型填空全真模拟（Passages 1-8)
大纲样题
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
During the 1980s, unemployment and underemployment in some countries was as high as 90 per cent. Some countries did not 31 enough food; basic needs in housing and clothing were not 32 . Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations 33 solutions.
34 , problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations. Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very 35 . It provides fewer jobs than labor-intensive industrial processes, and highly 36 workers are needed to
37 and repair the equipment. These workers must be trained, 38 many nations do not have the necessary training institutions. Thus, the 39 of importing industry becomes higher. Students must be sent abroad to 40 vocational and professional training.
41 , just to begin training, the students must 42 learn English, French, German, or Japanese. The students then spend many years abroad, and 43 do not return home.
All nations agree that science and technology 44 be shared. The point is; countries 45 the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look carefully
46 the costs, because many of these costs are
47 . Students from these nations should 48 the problems of the industrialized countries closely. 49 care, they will take home not the problems of science and technology, 50 the benefits.
31. A) generate B) raise C) produce D) manufacture
32. A) answered B) met C) calculated D) remembered
33. A) for B) without C) as D) about
34. A) Moreover B) Therefore C)Anyway D) However
35. A) expensive B) mechanical C) flourishing D) complicated
36. A) gifted B) skilled C) trained D) versatile
37. A) keep B) maintain C) retain D) protect
38. A) since B) so C) and D) yet
39. A) charge B) price C) cost D) value
40. A) accept B) gain C) receive D) absorb
41. A) Frequently B) Incidentally C) Deliberately D) Eventually
42. A) soon B) quickly C)
D) first
immiediately
43. A) some B) others C) several D) few
44. A) might B) should C) would D) will
45. A) adopting B) conducting C) receiving D) adjusting
46. A) to B) at C) on D) about
47. A) opaque B) secret C) sealed D) hidden
48. A) tackle B) learn C) study D) manipulate
49. A) In B) Through C) With D) Under
50. A) except B) nor C) or D) but
Passage 1
Silence is unnatural to man. He begins life with a cry and ends it in stillness. In the 21 he does all he can to make a noise in the world, and there are few things 22 he stands in more fear than of the 23 of noise. Even his conversation is 24 a desperate attempt to prevent a dreadful silence. If he is introduced to a fellow mortal and a number of 25 occur in the conversation, he regards himself as a failure, a worthless person, and is full of 26 of the emptiest-headed chatterbox. He knows that ninety-nine percent of human conversation means 27 the buzzing of a fly, but he longs to join in the buzz and to prove that he is man and not a wax-work 28 . The object of conversation is not, 29 the most part, to communicate ideas; it is to 30 the buzzing sound. Most buzzing, 31 , is agreeable to
the ear, and some of it is agreeable even to the 32 .
He would be a foolish man, however, 33 waited until he had a wise thought to take part in the buzzing with his neighbors. Those who 34 the weather as a conversational opening seem to be 35 of the reason why human beings wish to talk. Very few human beings join in a conversation 36 the hope of learning anything new. Some of them are 37 if they are merely allowed to go on making a noise into other people's ears, though they have nothing to tell them 38 they have seen a new play. At the end of an evening during which they have said nothing at immense 39 , they justly 40 themselves on their success as
conversationalists.
21. [A] intervention [B] interval [C] eclipse [D] meantime
22. [A] of which [B] in which [C] with which [D] by which
23. [A] presence [B] abundance [C] existence [D] absence
24. [A] in great
measure
[B] in brief [C] all in all [D] at least
25. [A] hesitations [B] delays [C]
interruptions
[D] pauses
26. [A] admiration [B]envy [C]
amazement
[D] revenge
27. [A] more than [B] no less
than [C] rather
than
[D] no more
than
28. [A] character [B] figure [C] role [D] personality
29. [A] for [B] in [C] at [D] on
30. [A] carry out [B] pick up [C]speed up [D] keep up
31. [A] particularly [B]
unfortunately [C]
fortunately.
[D] utterly
32. [A] mind [B] mentality [C]
intelligence
[D] wit
33. [A] who [B] when [C] if [D] which
34. [A] dispose [B] dispatch [C] dismiss [D] despise
35. [A] ignorant [B] negligible [C] obscure [D]
inconspicuous
36. [A] at [B] against [C] with [D] in
37. [A]disgusted [B] content [C] disgraced [D] discouraged
38. [A] in that [B] so that [C] such that [D] except that
39. [A] length [B] expanse [C] stretch [D] span
40. [A] prey [B] model [C] respect [D] pride
Passage 2
Recent legal research indicated that incorrect identification is a major factor in many miscarriages (失败) of justices. It also suggests that identification of people by witnesses in a courtroom is not as 21 as commonly believed. Recent studies do not support the 22 of faith judges, jurors, lawyers and the police have in eyewitness evidence.
The Law Commission recently published an educational paper, "T otal Recall? The Reliability of Witness 23 ", as a companion guide to a proposed code of evidence. The paper finds that commonly held 24 about how our minds work and how well we remember are often wrong. But while human memory is 25 change, it should not be underestimated.
In court witnesses are asked to give evidence about events, and judges and juries 26 its Feliability. The
paper points out that memory is complex, and reliability of any person's recall must be assessed 27 .
Both common sense and research say memory 28 over time. The accuracy of recall and recognition are 29 their best immediately 30 encoding the information, declining at first rapidly, then gradually. The longer the delay, the more likely it is that information obtained after the event will interfere 31 the original memory, which reduces 32 .
The paper says 33 interviews or media reports can create such 34 . "People are particularly susceptible to having their memories 35 when the passage of time allows the original memory to 36 , and will be most susceptible if they repeat the 37 as fact."
Witnesses may see or read information after the event, then 38 it to produce something 39 than what was experienced, significantly reducing the reliability, of their memory of an event or offender, "Further, witnesses may strongly believe in their memories, even though aspects of those memories are 40 false."
21. [A] trustful [B] reliable [C] innocent [D]
considerable 22. [A] rate [B] degree [C] extent [D] scale
23. [A] Manifestation [B] Declaration [C]
Presentation
[D] Testimony
24. [A] perceptions [B] acceptances [C]
permissions
[D] receptions
25. [A] subject to [B] liable for [C] incapable
of [D] attributable to
26. [A] assess [B] appreciate [C] calculate [D] speculate
27. [A] interactively [B]
comparatively [C]
horizontally
[D] individually
28. [A] descends [B] declines [C] inclines[D] degrades
29. [A] at [B] in [C] on [D] upon
30. [A] before [B] after [C] when [D] until
31. [A] with [B] in [C] at [D] on
32. [A] appropriacy [B] accuracy [C]originality [D] justice
33. [A] consequent [B] successive [C]
subsequent
[D] preceding
34. [A] distortions [B]
deformations [C]
malfunctions
[D]malformatio
ns
35. [A] altered [B] transformed [C] converted [D] modified
36. [A] fade [B] diminish [C] lessen [D] dwell
37. [A] misinformation [B]
mistreatment [C]
misguidance
[D]
misjudgement
38. [A] associate [B] connect [C] link [D] integrate
39. [A] other [B] rather [C] more [D] less
40. [A] invariably [B] constantly [C] justifiably [D] verifiably
Passage 3
Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centres of 21 , crime, poverty and moral 22 . Their distrust was caused 23 , by a national ideology that, 24 farming the greatest occupation and rural living , 25 to urban living. This attitude 26 even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential 27 of the
national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands 28 the precarious(不稳定的）life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people 29 from the country-side, they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were 30 with great problems. eagerly 31 the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the 32 of the city.
One of many reforms came 33 the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by 34 governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would 35 exorbitant(过度的）rate for these essential services and 36 them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by 37 the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. 38 of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would 39 widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a 40 price.
21. [A] eruption [B] corruption [C]
interruption [D] provocation
22. [A] disgrace [B] deterioration [C] dishonor [D]
degradation
23. [A] by origin [B] in part[C] at all [D] at random
24. [A] proclaimed [B] exclaimed [C] claimed [D] reclaimed
25. [A] superb [B] super [C]
exceptional
[D] superior
26. [A] predominated [B] dominated [C]
commanded
[D] prevailed
27. [A] feature [B] peculiarity [C] quality [D] attribute
28. [A] deserted [B] departed [C] abolished [D]
abandoned 29. [A] reallocated [B] migrated [C] replaced [D]
substituted 30. [A] overwhelmed [B] overflowed [C] overtaken [D]
preoccupied
31. [A] embraced [B] adopted [C] hugged [D] contained
32. [A] chaos [B] chores [C] chorus [D] outbreaks
33. [A] at [B] by [C] out [D] in
34. [A] public [B] municipal [C] republican [D] national
35. [A] charge [B] take [C] cost [D] spend
36. [A] distribute [B] deliver [C] transfer [D] transport
37. [A] degenerating [B] generating [C]
regenerating
[D] regulating
38. [A] Proponents [B] Opponents [C] Sponsors [D] Rivals
39. [A] secure [B] ensure [C] reassure [D] incur
40. [A] fair [B] just [C] square [D] objective
Passage 4
Psychologist Alfred Adler suggested that the primary goal of the psyche (灵魂、精神）was superiority. Although 21 he believed that individuals struggled to achieve superiority over others, Adler eventually 22 a more complex definition of the drive for superiority.
Adler's concept of striving for superiority does not 23 the everyday meaning of the word superiority. He did not mean that we innately(天生地）seek to 24
one another in rank or position, 25 did he mean that we seek to 26 an attitude of exaggerated importance over our peers. 27 , Adler's drive for superiority involves the desire to be competent and effective, complete and thorough, in 28 one strives to do.
Striving for superiority occasionally takes the 29 of an exaggerated lust for power An individual may seek to play go and 30 control over objects and people. The goal may introduce a 31 tendency into our lives, in which we play games of " dog eat dog". But such expressions of the desire of the desire for superiority do not 32 its more positive, constructive nature.
33 Adler, striving for superiority is innate and is part of the struggle for 34 that human beings share with other species in the process of evolution. From this 35 , life is not 36 by the need to reduce tension or restore 37 , as Sigmund Freud tended to think; 38 , life is encouraged by the desire to move from below to above, from minus to plus, from inferior to superior. The particular ways in which individuals 39 their quest(追求)for superiority are 40 by their
culture, their unique history, and their style of life.
21. [A] instinctively [B] initially [C]
presumably
[D] invariably
22. [A] designed [B] devised [C]
manipulated
[D] developed
23 [A] refer to [B] point to [C] comply
with [D] stand up for
24. [A] surpass [B] overpass [C] overthrow [D] pursue
25. [A] or [B] never [C] hardly [D] nor
26. [A] retain [B] sustain [C] maintain [D] obtain
27. [A]Rather [B] Despite [C] Though [D] Thus
28. [A] which [B] that [C] whichever [D] whatever
29. [A] form [B] format [C] formation [D] shape
30. [A] operate [B] speculate [C] exercise [D] resume
31. [A] ambiguous [B] intricate [C] deliberate [D] hostile
32. [A] reflect [B] abide [C] glorify [D] project
33. [A] According to [B] In terms of [C] Regardless
of
[D] In view of
34. [A] survivor [B] survival [C] durability [D]
consistency 35. [A] respective [B] prospect [C] profile [D]
perspective
36. [A] motivated [B] animated [C] inspired [D] elevated
37. [A] equation [B] equivalent [C]
equilibrium
[D] equality
38. [A] subsequently [B] instead [C]
consequently
[D] otherwise
39. [A] undermines [B] overtakes [C] flings [D]
undertakes 40. [A] determined [B] resolved [C]
consolidated
[D] reinforced
Passage 5
Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone 1 making mistakes. It is actually caused by 2 of your "body clock" ---a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological 3 . The body clock is designed for a 4 rhythm of
daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it 5 daylight and darkness at the "wrong" times in a new time zone. The 6 of jetlag often persist for days 7 the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.
Now a new anti-jetlag system is 8 that is based on proven 9 pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has 10 a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 11 controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates 12 of the discomfort of jetlag.
A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either 13 or avoids bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule 14 light exposure depends a great deal on 15 travel plans.
Data on a specific flight itinerary(喷气飞行时差反应)and the individual's sleep 16 are used to produce a Trip Guide with 17 on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.
When the Trip Guide calls 18 bright light you
should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, 19 you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light 20 for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.
1. [A] from [B] of
[C] for [D] to
2. [A] eruption [B] disruption
[C] rupture [D] corruption
3. [A] actions [B] functions
[C] behavior [D] reflection
4. [A] formal [B] continual
[C] regular [D] circular
5. [A] experiences [B] possesses
[C] encounters [D] retains
6. [A] signs [B] defects
[C] diseases [D] symptoms
7. [A] if [B] whereas
[C] while [D] although
8. [A] agreeable [B] available
[C] adaptable [D] approachable
9. [A] extensive [B] tentative
[B] broad [D] inclusive
10. [A] devised [B] scrutinized
[C] visualized [D] recognized
11. [A] in [B] as
[C] at [D] through
12. [A] more [B] little
[C] most [D] least
13. [A] shed [B] retrieve
[C] seek [D] attain
14. [A] in [B] for
[C] on [D] with
15. [A] specific [B] complicated
[C] unique [D] peculiar
16. [A] mode [B] norm
[C] style [D] pattern
17. [A] directories [B] commentaries
[C] instructions [D] specifications
18. [A] up [B] off
[C] on [D] for
19. [A] or [B] and
[C] but [D] while
20. [A]spur [B] stimulus
[C] agitation [D] acceleration
Passage 6
Our ape-men forefathers had 1 obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neither the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not 2 with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws 3 an impressive "small-fire" weaponry. They could not even defend themselves 4 running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the apemen had attempted to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been 5 to failure and extinction. But they were 6 with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors.
In the search 7 the pickings of the forest, the ape-men had 8 efficient stereosoopic vision and a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far 9 the reach of the original inhabitants of the
grassland. Good long-distance sight was 10 another matter. Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the 11 the range of sight--so 12 they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, how ever, this simple
solution was not 13 .
Climbing a hill would have helped, 14 in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men 15 the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk 16 .
This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was extremely unstable and it meant that the already slow ape-men became slower 17 .
18 , they persevered and their bone structure gradually be came 19 to the new, unstable position that 20 them the name Homo erectus, upright man.
1. [A] no [B] some
[C] few [D] many
2. [A] match [B] compare
[C] rival [D] equal
3. [A] became [B] equipped
[C] posed [D] provided
4. [A] in [B] upon
[C] by [D] with
5. [A] driven [B] doomed
[C] forced [D] led
6. [A] bestowed [B] given
[C] presented [D] endowed
7. [A] for [B] of
[C] on [D] at
8. [A] progressed [B] generated
[C] developed [D] advanced
9. [A] from [B] apart
[C] beyond [D] above
10. [A] rather [B] quite
[C] much [D] really
11. [A] greater [B] smaller
[C] farther [D] nearer
12. [A] anything [B] that
[C] everything [D] all
13. [A] available [B] enough
[C] sufficient [D] convenient
14. [A] when [B] but
[C] so [D] and
15. [A] chose [B] adopted
[C] accepted [D] took
16. [A] fast [B] upright
[C] steadily [D] awkwardly
17. [A] as well [B] further
[C] still [D] even
18. [A] however [B] Therefore
[C] Meanwhile [D] Subsequently
19. [A] accustomed [B] familiarized
[C] adapted [D] suited
20. [A] obtained [B] called
[C] deserved [D] earned
Passage 7
Television is the most effective brain washing
1 ever invented by man. Advertisers know this to be
2 . Children are
3 by television in ways we
4 understand. In the fall of 1971, I was
5 a story
involving a young white woman living on the 6 of Boston's black ghetto. Her car had7 out of gas. She had gone to a filling station with a can and was returning to her car when she was8 in an alley by a gang of black youths. The gang poured gasoline over her and set fire9 her. She died of her burns. It was 10 established that some of the youths11 had, on the night before the killing,12 on television a rerun of an old movie in which a drifter is set on fire by an adolescent gang. There is some kind of strange reductive process13 work here. To see something on television robs it of its reality, and then when the14 thing is15 out it is like the reenactment of something unread.16 when the gang set fire to the girl, they were17 what they had seen on a screen, 18 they themselves were on a screen, and in a story. I don't think we have19 begun to realize how powerful a medium television is. It has already become very clear that the candidate with the most television 20 win the election.
1. [A] equipment [B] machine
[C] medium [D] method
2. [A] true [B] real
[C] actual [D] genuine
3. [A] influenced [B] affected
[C] controlled [D] manipulated
4. [A] scarcely [B] nearly
[C] completely [D] generally
5. [A] arranged [B] appointed
[C] assigned [D] attributed
6. [A] outskirts [B] fringe
[C] border [D] range
7. [A] used [B] consumed
[C] run [D] spent
8. [A] trapped [B] caught
[C] held [D] tucked
9. [A] on [B] at
[C] over [D] to
10. [A] then [B] after
[C] lately [D] later
11. [A] associated [B] related
[C] involved [D] participated
12. [A] watch [B] watched
[C] watching [D] were
考研英语完型填空练习题及答案（一） Having passed what I considered the worst obstacle, our spiritsrose. We__1__towards the left of the cliff, where the going was better, 2 rathersteeper. Here we found little snow, 3 most of it seemed to have been 4 off themountain. There was no 5 of the mountain in the distance because the cloudswere forming all around us. About 1 o’clock a storm 6 suddenly. We had time to have 7 its approach but wewere concentrating on cutting steps, and 8 we had time to do anything, we wereblinded by snow. We could not move up or down and had to wait 9 , gettingcolder and colder. 10 my hood(兜帽), my nose and cheeks were frostbitten and I dared not take a handout of my glove to warm them. After two hours of this, I realized we would have to do 11 to avoidbeing frozen to death where we stood. From time to time through the mist I had12 the outline of a dark buttress(扶壁)just above us, todescend in the wind was 13 question; our only hope was to scramble up to thisbuttress, and dig out a platform at the foot of it on which we could 14 ourtent. We climbed to this place and started to 15 the ice. At first mycompanion seemed to regard the 16 as hopeless but gradually the wind 17 and hecheered up. 18 we had made a platform big enough to put up the tent, and we didthis as 19 we could. We 20 into our sleeping bags and fell
The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1 this is largely because,2 animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary.This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be.We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire. 1.[A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while 2.[A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides 3.[A]limited [B]committed [C]dedicated [D]confined 4.[A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking 5.[A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore 6.[A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if 7.[A]distinguishing [B]discovering [C]determining [D]detecting 8.[A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining [D]diffused 9.[A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas 10.[A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical 11.[A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses 12.[A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times 13.[A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed 14.[A]ineffective [B]incompetent [C]inefficient [D]insufficient 15.[A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create 16.[A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless 17.[A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired 18.[A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice 19.[A]available [B]reliable [C]identifiable [D]suitable 20.[A]similar to [B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from
30 Suppose(假设) you are going to Boston, and you 1 the city before. If someone 2 you about the interesting places in the city, you __3 to get some ideas of what you will see. But don’t have a 4__ idea of where these places are or of how to find 5 . However, 6__ someone has a map of the city and 7 you the main roads and buildings, you may say, “ Oh, now I see . I can find my way with 8__ trouble at all ”. Working in math is somewhat（有点儿）like trying to find your way 9 a new city. Perhaps the words may tell you some information and you have 10 it, but you can’t see any clear road 11 the answers. Maybe you 12 a kind of map of the main roads in maths 13__ you find your way. Explore（探究）what lies in maths, and 14 to find the main roads. They will 15 you to the answer. If you can find the “map”, the maths problems will be easily worked out. 1. A. are going to visit B. once visited C. have never visited D. have ever visit 2. A. answers B. shows C. meets D. tells 3. A. begin B. like C. learn D. refuse 4. A. clever B. clear C. strange D. wrong 5. A. someone B. Boston C. them D. it 6. A. if B. though C. whether D. since 7. A. helps B. gives C. passes D. shows 8. A. not B. no C. some D. much 9. A. of B. to C. in D around 10. A. thought over B. heard about C. written down D talked with 11. A. with B. for C. of D to 12. A. need to have B. don’t need C needn’t D. in need of 13. A. help B. to help C. helps D help with 14. A. try your best B. take your place C. look up D walk on 15. A. keep B. send C. lead D. ask
2016考研英语：完型填空都考什么 完型填空在考研英语复习中的位置其实是一个比较尴尬的角色，因为大部分考生会把主要精力放在考研英语阅读和作文的攻克上，相比这两大部分而言，完型填空的分值确实相对较少，但并不等于可以就此放过。在2016考研的战场上，一分可能就是成功与失败的距离。今天我们就通过考研英语真题来看看，完型填空的那个“空”到底想考查什么。 【相关真题】 As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 . Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 . The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why 2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses
20 Peter’s job was to examine cars when they crossed the frontier to make sure that they were not smuggling anything into the country. Every evening he would see a factory worker coming __1__ the hill towards the frontier, __2__ a bike with a pile of goods of old straw on it. When the bike __3__ the frontier, Peter would stop the man and __4__ him take the straw off and untie it. Then he would examine the straw very __5__ to see __6__ he could find anything, after which he would look in all the man’s pocket s __7__ he let him tie the straw again. The man would then put it on his bike and go off down the hill with it. Although Peter was always __8__ to find gold or other valuable things __9__ in the straw, he never found __10__. He was sure the man was __11__ something, but he was not __12__ to think out what it could be. Then one evening, after he had looked __13__ the straw and emptied the worker’s pockets __14__ usual, he __15__ to him, “Listen, I know you are smuggling things __16__ this frontier. Won’t you tell me what it is? I’m an old man, and today’s my last day on the __17__. Tomorrow I’m going to __18__. I promise I shall not tell __19__ if you tell me what you’ve been smuggling.” The worker did not say anything for __20__. Then he smiled, turned to Pe ter and said quietly, “Bikes.” 1. A. towards B. down C. to D. up 2. A. filling B. pulling C. pushing D. carrying 3. A. arrived B. appeared C. came D. reached 4. A. ask B. order C. make D. call 5. A. carefully B. quickly C. silently D. horribly 6. A. that B. where C. how D. whether 7. A. before B. after C. first D. so 8. A. lucky B. hoping C. thinking D. wondering 9. A. had been B. hidden C. hiding D. have been 10. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything 11. A. taking B. smuggling C. stealing D. pushing 12. A. possible B. strong C. able D. clever 13. A. through B. thoroughly C. upon D. up 14. A. like B. more C. then D. as 15. A. told B. cried C. ordered D. said 16. A. cross B. past C. across D. into
2015年考研英语（一）深度解析：完型 1. [A] what 【解析】此题考查疑问代词辨析：题干中过去分词短语published from the University of California and Yale University…作后置定语，修饰study，而真正的句子主干是That is 1 a study has 2 .简化后的句子可以让我们清晰地看出第一题要说的是研究study的具体内容是what，不是方式how，也不是原因why，更不是时间when。 2. [B] concluded 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：同第一题一样，根据简化的句子That is what a study has 2 来解题。题目选择的动词是说明study怎样才有了上面what表示的内容。所以此题选择concluded“推断;得出结论”。其他的动词据不符合要求。 3. [D] on 【解析】此题考查介词辨析：根据题干The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects的要求，所选择的介词能用在conduct“实施;进行”之后，又得和subject 搭配，所以这个题目应该选择on，构成on some subjects“关于某类主题”。 4. [C] compared 【解析】此题考查动词辨析：通过观察题干，我们发现第4题位于which引导的定语从句之内，作从句的谓语动词。Which修饰主句的主语study“研究”，如此补全定语从句就是： The study 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers…所以正确答案选择C。该项研究是对比所选择的两个样本。其他选项都不符合题意。 5. [C] samples 【解析】此题考查名词辨析：The same people were used in both 5 .通过观察题干，我们发现第5题空前的单词是both，表示“两者都…”。而上文中提到两者的只有“unrelated friends”和“unrelated strangers”，即这项研究的两个样本，所以答案选择C. samples“样本”。 6.[A] insignificant 【解析】此题考查形容词辨析和让步关系：题干While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist句首的While引导让步状语从句，同时提示我们逗号后和逗号前的内容形成一定程度上的对立关系，而且作者的表达重点位于逗号之后，1%的数量对于基因研究者来说影响程度很大。那么对于普通人而言这个数据就显得微不足道了。正确答案只能选择A。 7. [C] know 【解析】此题考查动词辨析和转折关系：题干Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin中说“大多数人甚至不他们的第四代表亲，但是尽量选择和亲属人作为朋友”。even“甚至”这一个词就提示我们应该本题只能选择know“了解，认识”，其他选项都不符合题目要求。 8. [D] resemble
考研英语完型填空：Use of English 在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整 一、完形填空文章的特点 1. 2. 1)主题（focus） 2)导向性或作者态度的倾向性（观点和态度） 3.短文通常包含三部分基本结构 1)主题呈现 ①文首直接点题 ②用引子（如与主题相关的背景，与论点相似或相对立的观点等）引出主题，主题句在文中或文末出现 2)主题展开 ①提出问题或表述观点后，要对其进行分析、论证，即展开主题 ②主题展开方式，主要体现在短文段落的划分（论述的层次）及各段主题的安排（分论点）上 3)作结 ①下结论 ②提建议 ③概括、总结全文 ④描述事件发展的结果、影响 4. 1)总述是对分述的总结和概括-（中心主线） 2)分述是对总述的展开和祥述-（确保主线贯穿全文） 5. 二、考查要求：能够熟练运用考试大纲要求的英语词汇及语法知识 1.语言要素(包括词汇、语法即表达方式和结构) ① ② 2.语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等) ① 四、完形填空考查内容: 1.词汇知识:形近词及近义词的（动词短语、介词短语）辨析；词汇搭配；一词多义 2.语法知识: 句子基本结构；逻辑关系；上下文语法搭配 ①六大逻辑关系：转折、让步、因果、并列、总分、递进 ②六类从句用法：主宾表，定状同 ③介词含义和用法 ④副词的程度与频率 ⑤句子内部语法结构 3.阅读能力:句子内部信息获取；上下文信息获取；上下文语意关系
五、命题特点： 1.一篇完整的文章=未知信息（20处填空）+已知信息，通过已知信息破解未知信息 2.文章的语言难度显然低于阅读理解题，甚至低于大纲样题 3.干扰选项也多是常用词汇，设置时考虑了内容和结构两方面的完整性与合理性 4.命题大大弱化了对词汇及语法的单纯考查，而加重了对语段特征的辨识能力的考查，即加大了测试语篇水平理解题， 特别是上下文衔接题的比列 六、真题当选选项分布特点 1.A、B、C、D的个数在4个到6个之间，5个最常见 2.几乎没有连续3个答案都一样的情况，连续两个答案都一样的情况在0到3个之间 七、解题思路: 1. ①初步把握：篇章主题、文章基调与作者观点、态度，以及文章的脉络结构（段落划分、段落主题、行文逻辑） 2. ①先解答比较容易、有把握的题目 ②先从整体着手，再根据不断增多的文章信息推断细节 3.第三步：基本完成解题后，需要再读全文，已进行检查 4.解题过程中要时刻具备“语篇意识”，注意选项在上下文语境中是否通顺、连贯、合理 八、完形“十二类”标准题型对应解决方法（相关已知信息提示-线索定位分析法） 欲解出一个未知填空，首先需要在文章的已知信息中定位所有与这个未知填空相关联的已知信息点（线索），通过这些已知的信息点的分析总结，推断出未知填空的答案 对整篇文章从结构布局、上下文关系到句子内部结构进行层层分析，从各个层次定位未知填空的相关已知线索，从已知信息破解未知信息 相关已知信息点（提示线索）的分布规律： ①句子内部：每处具体的未知填空都处在一个具体的句子之中，因此与未知填空相关联的已知信息往往处在于此句子 之中，也就是说此未知填空的附近 ②上下文：由于完形文章的上下文之间往往有着明显的逻辑关系，因此一些与填空相关联的已知信息也会分布在此填 空所在句子的上下文中 ③整个意群、段落、文章的结构中：除了看未知填空所在的句子、所在句子的上下句之外。还有一些相关联的已知 信息需要从填空处的整个意群、段落、文章的结构和文章的中心主线所包含的信息去查找
考研英语完型填空之答 案详解 LG GROUP system office room 【LGA16H-LGYY-LGUA8Q8-LGA162】
摘选自星火图书《考研英语各个击破系列——完形填空三步突破法》 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subject s’ behavior. The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself. After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down. 1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored 2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off 3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof 4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous 5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments 6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work 7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as 8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion 9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant 10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by 11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
30 Suppose(假设 ) you are going to Boston, and you 1 the city before. If someone 2 you about the interesting places in the city, you __3 to get some ideas of what you will see. But don ’4 t have idea of where these places are or of how to find 5 . However, 6__ someone has a map of the city and 7 you the main roads and buildings, you may say, “ Oh, now I see . I can find my way with 8__ trouble at all ” . Working in math is somewhat（有点儿） like trying to find your way 9 a new city. Perhaps the words may tell you some information and you have 10 it, but you can’seet any clear road 11 the answers. Maybe you 12 a kind of map of the main roads in maths 13__ you find your way. Explore（探究） what lies in maths, and 14 to find the main roads. They will 15 you to the answer. If you can find the “ map” , the maths pro will be easily worked out. 1. A. are going to visit B. once visited C. have never visited D. have ever visit 2. A. answers B. shows C. meets D. tells 3. A. begin B. like C. learn D. refuse 4. A. clever B. clear C. strange D. wrong 5. A. someone B. Boston C. them D. it 6. A. if B. though C. whether D. since 7. A. helps B. gives C. passes D. shows 8. A. not B. no C. some D. much 9. A. of B. to C. in D around 10. A. thought over B. heard about C. written down D talked with 11. A. with B. for C. of D to 12. A. need to have B. don ’ t need C needn ’t D. in need of 13. A. help B. to help C. helps D help with 14. A. try your best B. take your place C. look up D walk on 15. A. keep B. send C. lead D. ask
1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. For an hour or __16__ she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and __17__ a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had. And then, with all the things she needed __18__ she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour __19__ she liked best: looking in furniture shop windows. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look __20__ without feeling they had to buy something. Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped __21__ before a green armchair. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours __22__ less than a pound a week,” and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty-nine pounds fifty.” A pound a week... __23__, she could almost pay that out of her housekeeping money and never miss it! A voice at her shoulder made her __24__. “Can I help you, Madam?”She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her __25__. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”“We’ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you’ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.” Annie, worried at the thought of being persuaded to buy something she didn’t need, left the shop hurriedly. 16. [A] so [B] more [C] else [D] another 17. [A] taking [B] making [C] fixing [D] keeping 18. [A] buy [B] bought [C] buying [D] to have bought 19. [A] in a way [B] by the way [C] in the way [D] on the way 20. [A] behind [B] round [C] back [D] on 21. [A] doubted [B] wondered [C] puzzled [D] delighted 22. [A] at [B] for [C] with [D] in 23. [A] Why [B] When [C] How [D] What 24. [A] jump [B] leap [C] laugh [D] wonder 25. [A] place [B] back [ C] side [D] front