数据准备
(1)启动ABAQUS COMMAND
(2)在COMMAND中输入abaqus fetch job=viewer_tutorial
(3)在COMMAND中输入abaqus viewer
(4)根据提示打开数据库viewer_tutorial.odb
D.10 Displaying and customizing an X–Y plot
You can display X–Y plots of data written to the output database. For the tutorial you will display the vertical displacement of the rigid body reference node versus time.
The Visualization module also allows you to display X–Y plots of the following:
?Data read from an ASCII file.
?Data entered at the keyboard.
?Existing data, either combined with other data or arithmetically manipulated.
以上内容讲的主要是根据数据库文件绘制所需变量与时间的曲线图
D.10.1 Displaying an X–Y plot
You will now display an X–Y plot of displacement versus time.
To display an X–Y plot:
1.In the Results Tree, click mouse button 3 on History Output for the
output database named viewer_tutorial.odb. From the menu that
appears, select Filter.
2.In the filter field, enter *U2* to restrict the history output to
just the displacement components in the 2-direction.
3.Double-click the data object containing the history of the vertical
motion of the rigid body reference node: Spatial displacement: U2 at Node 1000 in NSET PUNCH.
Abaqus displays an X–Y plot of displacement versus time, as shown in Figure D–11.
Figure D–11X–Y plot of displacement versus time.
Default options selected by Abaqus include default ranges for the X- and Y-axes, axis titles, major and minor tick marks, the color of the line, and a legend.
4.The legend labels the X–Y plot U2 N: 1000 NSET PUNCH. This is a
default name provided by Abaqus.
以上操作如下图所示,如果输出变量列表中含有太多变量时,要找出我们想要的变量并不容易,这时就可以用输入”*U2*”表示2方向上的位移值,以去除列表中其余不必要的变量,便于选择,之后要把鼠标放在输出变量列表框里双击一下.
接下来点击下面的”Plot”按钮就可以显示曲线了.
不过由以上操作过程可以看出,要显示这样的数据曲线,首先是需要我们在建模时就要要根据需要设置相应的节点集合和单元集合.比如这个数据库文件中就有下图所示的节点集和单元集.要不然就没法画这样的曲线图了.
D.10.2 Customizing an X–Y plot
By default, Abaqus computes the range of the X- and Y-axes from the minimum and maximum values found in the data read from the output database. Abaqus divides each axis into intervals and displays the appropriate major and minor tick marks. The Axis Options allow you to set the range of each axis and to customize the appearance of the axes; the Curve Options allow you to customize the appearance of the individual curves; the Chart Options and Chart Legend Options allow you to position the grid and legend, respectively. X–Y plot customization options apply only to the current viewport and are not saved between sessions.
(这部分讲的主要是对曲线图进行相关的操作,这些操作主要包括:设置坐标轴的名称,单位;调整图域的大小;设置刻度线的长度,数量;是否显示栅格,是否有标题栏.自已摸索一下就OK了,也可以跳过不看)
To customize an X–Y plot:
1.From the main menu bar, select Options XY Options Axis(or click
in the prompt area to cancel the current procedure, if necessary, and double-click either axis in the viewport).
Abaqus displays the Axis Options dialog box.
2.Switch to the Scale tabbed page, if it is not already selected.
3.Specify that the X-axis should extend from 0 (the X-axis minimum)
to 20 (the X-axis maximum) and that the Y-axis should extend from –200 (the Y-axis minimum) to 0 (the Y-axis maximum).
Tip: Select each axis in turn in the Axis Options dialog box, and then edit the scale as noted above.
4.From the options in the Axis Options dialog box, do the following.
?In the Scale tabbed page, request that major tick marks appear on the X-axis at four-second increments (select By increment
in the Tick Mode region of the page).
?Request 3 minor tick marks per increment along the X-axis (this corresponds to a minor tick mark every second) and 4
minor tick marks per increment along the Y-axis (this
corresponds to a minor tick mark every 10 mm).
?In the Title tabbed page, type a Y-axis title of Displacement U2 (mm).
?In the Axes tabbed page, request a Decimal format with zero decimal places for the Y-axis labels.
5.Click Dismiss to close the Axis Options dialog box.
前面几步主要是设置坐标轴,可按下图操作,主要就是弄明白四个属性页的意思就可以了,SCALE是调整坐标和显示比例的,Trik Marks是用来调整刻度线的长度,线型,数量的. Title是用来设置坐档轴的名称,单位的.Axis是用来设置曲线的线型颜色的.
6.From the main menu bar, select Options XY Options Chart (or
double-click any empty spot in the plot) to modify the grid lines and position the grid.
a.In the Chart Options dialog box that appears, switch to the
Grid Display tabbed page.
b.Toggle on Major in both the X Grid Lines and Y Grid Lines
fields. Change the color of the major grid lines to blue; the
line style should be solid.
c.Switch to the Grid Area tabbed page.
d.In the Size region of this page, select the Square option.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0b12361922.html,e the slider to set the size to 75.
f.In the Position region of this page, select the Auto-align
option.
g.From the available alignment options, select the fourth to
last one (position the grid in the bottom-center of the
viewport).
h.Click Dismiss.
以上说了这么多也同什么,就是用来调整图弄的显示区域的大小了,总共就二个属性页,很了看的)
1.From the main menu bar, select Options XY Options Chart Legend
(or double-click the legend) to position the legend.
α.In the Chart Legend Options dialog box, switch to the Area tabbed page. β.In the Position region of this page, toggle on Inset and click Dismiss. χ.Drag the legend in the viewport to reposition it.
The customized X–Y plot appears, as shown in Figure D–12.
这里说的主要就是用来加曲线图中左上角的那个小方框了,把ARAE属性页上的Insert旁的小方框勾上就OK了.
Figure D–12 Customized X–Y plot of displacement.
2.You will now display a second X–Y plot in a new viewport. To create
a new viewport, select Viewport Create from the main menu bar.
The new viewport appears. The same X–Y plot that you had in the first viewport appears in the new viewport.
When multiple viewports are visible, the dark gray title bar indicates the current viewport; all work takes place in the current viewport. For more information, see “What is a viewport?,” Section
4.1.1 of the Abaqus/CAE User's Manual.
3.Tile the viewports vertically by selecting Viewport Tile
Vertically from the main menu bar.
4.Create a similar X–Y plot of vertical velocity (V2) versus time.
You cannot select velocity during the first step because the first step was not a dynamic step; Abaqus/Standard computed velocity and acceleration only during the second and third steps. Use the same X-axis range as before, and use a Y-axis range from 1000 to –1000.
Label the Y-axis Velocity V2. The finished plot is shown in Figure D–13.
上边说的意思就是说告诉我们如何建立多个视窗显示多条曲线了.可按下图操作
Figure D–13 Customized X–Y plot of velocity.
D.11 Operating on X–Y data
An X–Y data object is a collection of ordered pairs that Abaqus stores in two columns—an X-column and a Y-column. The Operate on XY Data dialog box allows you to create new X–Y data objects by performing operations on previously saved X–Y data objects. In this tutorial you will create a stress versus strain data object by combining a stress versus time data object with a strain versus time data object. Then, you will plot the stress-strain curve..
这部分讲的就是教我们如何画应力应变曲线了,可以好好看看
D.11.1 Creating the stress versus time and strain versus time data objects
The first step in creating the stress-strain curve is to create the stress versus time and the strain versus time data objects from the history output. The data objects will contain data from only the first step of the analysis, where the punch rests on the surface of the foam block and compresses the block under its own weight.
先建立两条数据曲线,一条是应力-时间曲线,一条是应变-时间曲线
To create the X–Y data objects:
1.In the Results Tree, double-click the XYData container.
The Create XY Data dialog box appears.
2.In this dialog box, select ODB history output if it is not already
selected and click Continue.
The History Output dialog box appears.
3.In the History Output dialog box, do the following:
a.Click the Variables ta
b.
b.In the Output Variables field, select Logarithmic strain
components: LE22 at Element 1 Int Point 1 in ELSET CENT.
c.Click the Steps/Frames tab.
d.Select Step 1.
e.Click Save As.
The Save XY Data As dialog box appears.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0b12361922.html, the X–Y data Strain, and click OK.
A data object called Strain containing logarithmic strain data
(LE22) from integration point 1 of element 1 during the first step of the analysis appears in the XYData container.
这三步就是进如何建立应变-时间曲线图的,双击一下下图文件树中的阴影部分就会弹出”Create XY Data”对话框了接下来就可以选择相应的单元,画出该单元对应的应变-时间曲线了,如果相要的单元不好找就可以按上面的方法输入一个变量进行筛选了.
要注意的是,在有限元分析中,只有单元才存在应变-时间,应力-时间曲线的,节点是不存这样的曲线的.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0b12361922.html,e a similar technique to create a data object containing stress
data (S22) from integration point 1 of element 1 during the first step of the analysis. Name this data object Stress.
Tip: Filter the variable list according to *S22*.
Now you are ready to combine the two data objects to create a stress versus strain data object.
5.Dismiss the History Output dialog box.
D.11.2 Combining the data objects
In this section you will create a stress versus strain data object by combining the stress versus time and strain versus time data objects.
To combine the data objects:
1.In the Results Tree, double-click the XYData container.
2.From the Create XY Data dialog box that appears, select Operate on
XY data and click Continue.
An Operate on XY Data dialog box appears. The dialog box contains the following lists:
?The XY Data field on the left contains a list of existing X –Y data objects.
?The Operators field on the right contains a list of all the possible operations you can perform on the data objects.
3.From the Operators field, click combine(X,X).
combine( ) appears in the expression text field at the top of the dialog box.
4.In the XY Data field, drag the cursor across both the Strain and
the Stress data objects to select both and click Add to Expression
near the bottom of the dialog box.
The expression combine("Strain","Stress") appears in the
expression text field. In this expression "Strain" will determine the X-values and "Stress" will determine the Y-values in the
combined plot.
5.From the buttons along the bottom of the Operate on XY Data dialog
box, click Save As.
6.From the Save XY Data As dialog box that appears, enter the name
Stress-Strain and click OK.
The new data object Stress-Strain appears in the XYData container.
7.Cancel the Operate on XY Data dialog box.
以上部分讲的就是如何利用已有的应力时间,应变曲线得到应力应变曲线了
(1)在右侧函数栏中单击一下功夫combine()
(2)在函数栏左边的变量列表中双击一下XYDATA_STRAIN
(3) 在函数栏左边的变量列表中双击一下XYDATA_STRESS
(4)单击下面的SAVE AS按钮起个名字,关闭该对话框
(5)双击图中阴影部分就可以了
D.11.3 Plotting and customizing the stress-strain curve
You will now use the Stress-Strain data object that you just created to plot the stress-strain curve.
这部分讲的就是如何给应力应变曲线设置标题,栅格以及如何从应力应变曲线中获得曲线上某点的数值并保存到文件中去,看看就可以了,很简单的.
To plot the stress-strain curve:
1.In the XYData container, double-click Stress-Strain.
A plot of the stress-strain curve appears in the viewport.
2.Your plot of stress versus strain inherited the customized chart
settings from your previous plot. To restore the default chart
options, do the following:
a.Open the Chart Options dialog box.
b.Toggle off Major in both the X Grid Lines and Y Grid Lines
fields.
c.Click Dismiss.
3.The plot of stress versus strain appears, as shown in Figure D
–14. In this figure, the visibility of the plot legend has been suppressed (open the Chart Legend Options dialog box; in the
Contents tabbed page, toggle off Show legend).
Figure D–14X–Y plot of stress versus strain.
D.12 Probing an X–Y plot
You can use the Query toolset in the Visualization module to probe your model and X–Y plots. You can also write the resulting probe values to a file. In this tutorial you will use the probe capability to obtain X- and Y-values from your stress/strain plot and to write these values to a file.
To probe an X–Y plot:
1.From the main menu bar, select Tools Query; select Probe values
from the Query dialog box.
The Probe Values dialog box appears. Because an X–Y plot is in the current viewport, this dialog box will display X–Y curve data.
2.At the top of the dialog box, toggle on Interpolate between points.
This option allows you to select arbitrary points along the curve.
3.In the viewport, position the cursor over the X–Y curve.
When the arrow at the cursor approaches the X–Y curve, the point being probed is highlighted and information about it, including the corresponding X–Y coordinates, appears in the Probe Values table.
4.Click at various points along the curve.
The points are added to the Selected Probe Values table.
5.When you have finished selecting points, click Write to File.
The Report Probe Values dialog box appears.
By default, the data in the Selected Probe Values table are written to a file called abaqus.rpt in your current directory. The options in this dialog box allow you to change the name of this file and the format of the data written to the file.
6.Click OK to write your data to the file.
7.From the Probe Values dialog box, click Cancel to exit probe mode.
A dialog box appears to inform you that the Selected Probe Values
table contains data. Click Yes to indicate that it is OK to continue;
the data in the table will be deleted.
D.13 Displaying results along a path
X–Y data can be generated for a specific path through your model. In this tutorial you will specify a node list path along the top of the foam block and plot the displacement magnitude along this path.
这部分讲的就是如何按照变量随路径的变化了,按以下步骤操作就可以了,关键是要理解自己所建立的变量路径曲线的物理意义了.
D.13.1 Creating a node list path
A path is a line you define by specifying a series of points through the model. In a node list path all of the specified points are nodal locations. You create a node list path by entering node labels or node label ranges
in a table. To determine the node labels of interest, it is helpful to create a model plot with the node labels visible.
To create a node list path:
1.Click the tool to display the undeformed model shape.
Use the Common Plot Options dialog box to display the node labels.
Identify the nodes on the top edge of the foam block.
2.In the Results Tree, double-click Paths.
The Create Path dialog box appears.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/0b12361922.html, the path Displacement. Accept the default selection of Node
list as the path type, and click Continue.
The Edit Node List Path dialog box appears.
4.In the Path Definition table, select PART-1-1 in the Part Instance
field, type 1:601:40 in the Node Labels field, and press [Enter].
(This input specifies a range of nodes from 1 to 601 at increments of 40.) Alternatively, you can pick the nodes for the node list directly from the viewport by clicking Add Before...or Add After...
in the Edit Node List Path dialog box.
The selected path is highlighted in the plot in the current
viewport.
5.Click OK to create the path and to close the Edit Node List Path
dialog box.
D.13.2 Displaying results along a node list path
Abaqus obtains analysis results for each of the points on the path you have defined and generates X–Y data pairs; the X-values are the specified points in the model, and the Y-values are the analysis results at these points. You can generate an X–Y plot of the data pairs.
To display displacement results along a node list path:
1.In the Results Tree, double-click the XYData container.
2.In the Create XY Data dialog box that appears, select Path; and click
Continue.
The XY Data from Path dialog box appears with the path that you created visible in the list of available paths.
Accept the default selections in the X Values portion of the dialog box.
3.The result that will be plotted is displayed in the Y Values portion
of the dialog box. If U is not indicated as the field output variable, click Field Output to change the variable.
In the Field Output dialog box:
a.Select U as the variable Name.
b.Select Magnitude from the Invariant field.
c.Click OK.
d.In the Selected Plot State dialog box that appears, select
As is to proceed without changing the plot state.
4.Click Plot to generate an X–Y plot of U along the path, as shown
in Figure D–15. You may need to reset the X–Y plot options to their default settings.
Figure D–15 Path plot of U along the top of the foam block.
You have now finished the tutorial.