2010年12月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Online Education. Y ou should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 目前网络教育形成热潮
2. 我认为形成这股热潮的原因是……
3. 我对网络教育的评价
Online Education
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
The World in a Glass: Six Drinks That Changed History
Tom Standage urges drinkers to savor the history of their favorite beverages along with the taste.
The author of A History of the World in 6 Glasses (Walker & Company, June 2005), Standage lauds the libations that have helped shape our world from the Stone Age to the present day.
"The important drinks are still drinks that we enjoy today," said Standage, a technology editor at the London-based magazine the Economist. "They are relics (纪念物)of different historical periods still found in our kitchens."
Take the six-pack, whose contents first fizzed at the dawn of civilization.
Beer
The ancient Sumerians, who built advanced city-states in the area of present-day lraq, began fermenting(发酵)beer from barley at least 6,000 years ago.
"When people started agriculture the first crops they produced were barley or wheat. Y ou consume those crops as bread and as beer," Standage noted. "It’s the drink associated with the dawn of civilization. It’s as simple as that."
Beer was popular with the masses from the beginning.
"Beer would have been something that a common person could have had in the house and made whenever they wanted," said Linda Bisson, a microbiologist at the Department of V iticulture and Enology at the University of California, Davis.
"The guys who built the pyramids were paid in beer and bread," Standage added. "It was the defining drink of Egypt and Mesopotamia. Everybody drank it. Today it’s the drink of the working man, and it was then as well."
Wine
Wine may be as old or older than beer—though no one can be certain.
Paleolithic humans probably sampled the first "wine" as the juice of naturally fermented wild grapes. But producing and storing wine proved difficult for early cultures.
"To make wine you have to have fresh grapes," said Bisson, the UC Davis microbiologist. "for beer you can just store grain and add water to process it at any time."
Making wine also demanded pottery that could preserve the precious liquid.
"Wine may be easier to make [than beer], but it’s harder to store," Bisson added. "For most ancient cultures it would have been hard to catch [fermenting grape juice] as wine on its way to [becoming] vinegar."
Such caveats and the expense of producing wine helped the beverage quickly gain more cachet(威望)than beer. Wine was originally associated with social elites and religious activities.
Wine snobbery may be nearly as old as wine itself. Greeks and Romans produced many grades of wine for various social classes.
The quest for quality became an economic engine and later drove cultural expansion.
"Once you had regions [like Greece and Rome] that could distinguish themselves as making good stuff, it gave them an economic boost," Bisson said. "Beer just wasn’t as special."
Spirits
Hard liquor, particularly brandy and rum, placated (安抚)sailors during the long sea voyages of the Age of Exploration, when European powers plied the seas during the 15th, 16th, and early 17th centuries.
Rum played a crucial part of the triangular trade between Britain, Africa, and the North American colonies that once dominated the Atlantic economy.
Standage also suggests that rum may have been more responsible than tea for the independence movement in Britain’s American colonies.
"Distilling molasses for rum was very important to the New England economy," he explained. "When the British tried to tax molasses it struck at the heart of the economy. The idea of ’no taxation without representation’originated with molasses and sugar. Only at the end did it refer to tea."
Great Britain’s longtime superiority at sea may also owe a debt to its navy’s drink of rum-based choice, grog(掺水烈酒),which was made a compulsory beverage for sailors in the late 18th century.
"They would make grog with rum, water, and lemon or lime juice," Standage said. "This improved the taste but also reduced illness and scurvy. Fleet physicians thought that this had doubled the efficiency of the fleet."
Coffee
The story of modern coffee starts in the Arabian Peninsula, where roasted beans were first brewed around A.D. 1000. Sometime around the 15th century, coffee spread throughout the Arab world.
"In the Arab world, coffee rose as an alternative to alcohol, and coffeehouses as alternatives to taverns(酒馆)—both of which are banned by Islam," Standage said.
When coffee arrived in Europe it was similarly hailed as an "anti-alcohol" that was quite welcome during the Age of Reason in the 18th century.
"Just at the point when the Enlightenment is getting going, here’s a drink that sharpens the mind," Standage said. "The coffeehouse is the perfect venue(聚会地点)to get together and exchange ideas and information. The French Revolution started in a coffeehouse."
Coffee also fuelled commerce and had strong links to the rituals of business that remain to the present day. Lloyds of London and the London Stock Exchange were both originally coffeehouses.
Tea
Tea became a daily drink in China around the third century A.D.
Standage says tea played a leading role in the expansion of imperial and industrial might in Great Britain many centuries later. During the 19th century, the East India Company enjoyed a monopoly on tea exports from China.
"Englishmen around the world could drink tea, whether they were a colonial administrator in India or a London businessman," Standage said. "The sun never set on the British Empire—which meant that it was always teatime somewhere."
As the Industrial Revolution of 18th and 19th centuries gained steam, tea provided some of the fuel. Factory workers stayed alert during long, monotonous shifts thanks to welcome tea breaks.
The beverage also had unintended health benefits for rapidly growing urban areas. "When you start packing people together in cities it’s helpful to have a water-purification technology like tea," which was brewed with boiling water, Standage explained.
Coca-cola
In 1886 pharmacist John Stith Pemberton sold about nine Coca-colas a day.
Today his soft drink is one of the world’s most valuable brands-sold in more countries than the United Nations has members.
"It may be the second most widely understood phrase in the world after ’OK’," Standage said.
The drink has become a symbol of the United States—love it or hate it. Standage notes that East Germans quickly reached for Cokes when the Berlin Wall fell, while Thai Muslims poured it out into the streets to show disdain for the U.S. in the days leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
"Coca-cola encapsulates what happened in the 20th century: the rise of consumer capitalism and the emergence of America as a superpower," Standage said. "It’s globalization in a bottle."
While Coke may not always produce a smile, a survey by the Economist magazine (Standage’s employer), suggests that the soft drink’s presence is a great indicator of happy
citizens. When countries were polled for happiness, as defined by a United Nations index, high scores correlated with sales of Coca-Cola.
"It’s not because [Coke] makes people happy, but because [its] sales happen in the dynamic free-market economies that tend to produce happy people," Standage said.
1. The passage gives a brief description of the content of a new book, A History of the World in 6 Glasses.
2. The ancient Sumerians began fermenting beer from barley at least 6,000 years ago.
3. Today beer is the drink of the working man, which was not the case before.
4. Greeks probably sampled the first "wine" as the juice of naturally fermented wild grapes.
5. The caveats and the expense of producing wine helped it quickly gain more cachet than beer.
6. Standage suggests that tea may have been more responsible than rum for the independence movement in Britain’s American colonies.
7. Coffee is the best drink according to Standage.
8. Sometime around the 15th century coffee spread throughout ________.
9. During the 19th century, the monopoly on tea exports from China is ________.
10. Coca-Cola has become a symbol of ________.
Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
11. [A] They want to go downtown. [C] He doesn’t know where to park the car.
[B] He wants to go to the park, but she doesn’t. [D] He wants to find out where the park is.
12. [A] Company and customer. [C] Teacher and student’s parent.
[B] Repairman and customer. [D]Wife and husband.
13. [A] She didn’t like working in a company. [C] She was not good at doing business.
[B] She disliked machines. [D] She didn’t like accounting.
14. [A] He has some money to buy a new car.
[B] He fails in borrowing enough money from the woman.
[C] He will spend much money on his house.
[D] He wants to buy a new house and a new car.
15. [A] He had much trouble with his pronunciation.
[B] He had much trouble with his pronunciation.
[C] No one can understand him.
[D] He knew nothing about English.
16. [A] Frustrated. [C] Excited.
[B] Joyful. [D] Sorry.
17. [A] He doesn’t like that kind of food. [C] He doesn’t intend to buy them.
[B] The woman can do some cooking herself. [D] The woman should stop looking at him.
18. [A] Mrs. Fisher wants to go abroad. [C] Mrs. Fisher has no family.
[B] Mrs. Fisher is in hospital. [D] There are three people in Mrs. Fisher’s family. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. [A] A study group. [C] The man’s painting.
[B] A history exam. [D] A professional artist.
20. [A] Making a gift for the woman. [C] Discussing his career.
[B] Working on a class assignment. [D] Preparing to teach an art class.
21. [A] By listening to her father. [C] By talking to the studio art instructor.
[B] By working for an artist. [D] By taking several art courses.
22. [A] Take a history exam. [C] Meet some classmates.
[B] Go to an art exhibit. [D] Help the man with his painting.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. [A] A famous photographer. [C] Photographic equipment used in the 1800s.
[B] Photographic processes in the 1800s. [D] A new museum.
24. [A] Her subject’s home. [C] Her subject’s personalit y.
[B] Her subject’s social status. [D] Her subject’s role in history.
25. [A] Children. [C] Well-known people.
[B] Historical scenes. [D] Landscapes.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage one
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. [A] Have to buy a special electronic ticket.
[B] Have to travel a long way to visit the university.
[C] Need an expensive device designed especially for the museum.
[D] Need a computer linked to a telephone.
27. [A] Provide a place for computer artists to show their work.
[B] Sell the art works more easily.
[C] Save space of museums for other purposes.
[D] Provide more fun for the artists.
28. [A] It helps a computer artist to record his pictures electronically.
[B] It helps a computer artist to send his pictures to others.
[C] It helps a computer artist to print pictures on paper.
[D] It helps a computer artist to connect his computer to the art museum.
Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.
29. [A] 4 years. [C] 8 years.
[B] 5 years. [D] at least 9 years.
30. [A] Biology. [C] Philosophy.
[B] Chemistry. [D] Medicine.
31. [A] Each student must pass a national examination.
[B] Students who do best in the studies have a greater chance.
[C] They can seek to enter a number of medical schools.
[D] There are good chances to gain the entrance.
Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
32. [A] Guarding the coasts of the United States. [C] Guiding people along the coast.
[B] Being part of the United States Navy. [D] Protecting people from enemy attacks.
33. [A] Enforcing laws controlling navigation, shipping, immigration and fishing.
[B] Enforcing laws affecting the privately-owned boats in the U.S.
[C] Searching for missing boats and rescuing people.
[D] Training people to be good swimmers along the beach.
34. [A] 17,000 [C] 70,000.
[B] 1,700. [D] 7,000.
35. [A] Dangerous. [C] Exciting.
[B] Hard. [D] Dull.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blank, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
An old friend from abroad, whom I was expecting to stay with me, (36) ________ from the airport to tell me that he had arrived. I was still at the office at the time, but I had made (37)
________ for his arrival. After explaining where my new flat was, I told him that I had left the key under a piece of stone near the door. As I was likely to be at home rather late, I advised him to go into the (38) ________ and help himself to food and drink.
Two hours later, my friend telephoned me from the flat. At the moment, he said, he was listening to some of my (39) ________ after having just had a truly (40 ) ________ meal. He had found a pan on the gas (41) ________ and fried two eggs and had helped himself to some cold chicken from the (42) ________. Now he said, he was drinking a glass of orange (43) ________ and he hoped I would join him. (44) ________________________________________ , he answered that he had not been able to find the key under the piece of stone, (45)
________________________________________. I listened to all this in astonishment. (46)
________________________________________.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...
Such absent-mindedness may be 47 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 48 sees.
The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 49 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 50 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 51 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.
It could be used in 52 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 53 device.
A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 54 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 55 accident black spots or dangers on the road."
In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 56 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.
[A] allow
[B] instance
[C] blank
[D] industrial
[E] frustrating
[F] items
[G] indicating
[H] highlight [I] user
[J] complicated
[K] white
[L] annoying
[M] successful
[N] articles
[O] simple
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers,
for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.
Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "impostors(骗子)"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright(彻底的)lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century—that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma.
One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.
57. The main idea of this passage is that ________ .
[A] employers are checking more closely on applicants now
[B] lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem
[C] college degrees can now be purchased easily
[D] employers are no longer interested in college degrees
58. According to the passage, "special cases" refers to cases that ________.
[A] students attend a school only part-time
[B] students never attended a school they listed on their application
[C] students purchase false degrees from commercial firms
[D] students attended a famous school采集者退散
59. We can infer from the passage that ________ .
[A] performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree
[B] experience is the best teacher
[C] past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do
[D] a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition
60. This passage implies that ________ .
[A] buying a false degree is not moral
[B] personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools
[C] most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school
[D] society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications
61. The word "phony" (Line 13, Para. 2) means ________ .
[A] thorough [C] false
[B] ultimate [D] decisive
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, used—what a culture produces. Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, is musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph
was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra.
Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on music and, when it becomes widespread, on the music culture as a whole.
One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media—radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the "information revolution", a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe.
62. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because ________ .
[A] it helps produce new cultural tools and technology
[B] it can reflect the development of the nation
[C] it helps understand the nation’s past and present
[D] it can demonstrate the nation’s civilization
63. It can be learned from this passage that ________ .
[A] the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music
[B] Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra
[C] the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music
[D] the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music
64. According to the author, music notation is important because ________ .
[A] it has a great effect on the music culture as more and more people are able to read it
[B] it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians
[C] it is the printed version of standardized folk music
[D] it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs
65. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music ________ .
[A] has brought about an information revolution
[B] has speeded up the appearance of a new generation of computers
[C] has given rise to new forms of music culture
[D] has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments
66. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
[A] Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers.
[B] Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded.
[C] Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets.
[D] The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect.
Part V Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Today, most countries in the world have canals. Many countries have built canals near the coast, and parallel 67 the coast. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by boat than by any other 68 of transport. These 69 make it possible for boats to travel 70 ports along the coast without being 71 to the dangers of the open. Some canals, such as the Suez and the Panama, save ships weeks of time by making their 72 a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not 73 on the coast; still other canals 74 lands where there is too much water, help to 75 fields where there is not enough water, and 76 water power for
factories and mills. The size of a canal 77 on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the largest boats using it to 78 each other easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water 79 the keel of the largest boat using the canal. When the planet Mars was first 80 through a telescope, people saw that the round disk of the planet was crises-crossed by a 81 of strange blue-green lines. These were called "canals" 82 they looked the same as canals on earth 83 are viewed from an airplane. However, scientists are now 84 that the Martian phenomena are really not canals. The photographs 85 from space-ships have helped us to 86 the truth about the Martian "canals".
67. [A] off [B] with [C] to [D] by
68. [A] way [B] means [C] method [D] approach
69. [A] waterways [B] waterfronts [C] channels [D] paths
70. [A] among [B] between [C] in [D] to
71. [A] revealed [B] exposed [C] opened [D] shown
72. [A] trip [B] journey [C] voyage [D] route
73. [A] lain [B] stationed [C] set [D] located
74. [A] escape [B] drain [C] dry [D] leak
75. [A] water [B] wet [C] soak [D] irrigate
76. [A] furnish [B] afford [C] offer [D] give
77. [A] focuses [B] bases [C] depends [D] takes
78. [A] cross [B] pass [C] move [D] advance
79. [A] down [B] beneath [C] below [D] off
80. [A] studied [B] researched [C] surveyed [D] observed
81. [A] plenty [B] number [C] deal [D] supply
82. [A] although [B] because [C] so [D] if
83. [A] that [B] where [C] when [D] as
84. [A] exact [B] definite [C] certain [D] decisive
85. [A] held [B] taken [C] got [D] developed
86. [A] find [B] expose [C] uncover [D] discover
Part Vi Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
87. It is time the whole society began to take action to ________________________(使我们的环境免于毁灭).
88. If we had set out earlier, ________________________(我们就不会在雨中行走).
89. When this semester is over, ________________________ (我就能抽空读这部小说了).
90. ________________________ (在我设计出这个问题的解决方案后)，I’ll submit a report to the committee.
91. ________________________ (我已得出结论)that it would be unwise to accept his proposal.
2010年12月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案
Part I Writing
Online Education
Being online is no longer something strange in our life.
To some degree, it has become part of our daily life. We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very "in". That is online education.
Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time? Among all the reasons, the quick development of the internet should be the essential one, which makes our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology are developing at lightening speed. To catch up with the development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However, due to the great pace of modern society, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.来源：考试大
Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional education system. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all, with online education, we can absorb the latest knowledge while working.
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. Y 本文的六个小标题正是对书名中“6 Glasess”的具体阐释，由此可知题干表述正确。
2. Y 根据题干中的fermenting beer推知答案可能在小标题beer下。再根据The ancient Sumerians定位原文，从首句即可知题干表述正确。
3. N 根据上题的解题思路，继续留意讲Beer的那些段落，在末尾发现...and it was then as well，可知题干表述错误。
4. N 由题干中的wine推知答案在同名小标题下的段落中。其中第二段明确指出最初品尝红酒的是Paleolithic humans，可知题干表述错误。
5. Y 题干中既出现了beer又出现了wine，两事物的比较一般在介绍完两事物后给出，本文讲出beer再讲wine，故先在标题Wine下的段落寻找答案。定位发现题干信息与原文相符，是正确的。阅读中要留心事物间的比较。
6. N 本题是对tea和rum的一种比较，rum属于spirits，所以答案在Spirits或Tea标题下的内容中。根据题干中的B ritain’s American colonies定位原文发现Spirits下第三段明确提到Standage also suggests that rum may have been more responsible than tea...，可知题干表述错误。
7. NG 根据题干中的信息词coffee定位原文有关coffee的段落，发现Standage并未做出与题干所述相关的评论。
8. the Arab world。根据题干中的信息词around the 15th century定位原文有关coffee的段落，可找到答案。
9. the East India Company。根据题干中的信息词During the 19th century和China定位原文有关tea的段落，可在其下第二段末句找到答案。
10. the United States。根据题干中的信息词Coca-Cola和symbol定位原文有关Coca-Cola 的段落，可在其下第四段首句找到答案。
Part III Listening Comprehension
Section A
11. D 信息明示题。女士说地图表明这条街道通往市区，但男士说他们想知道的是怎样去公园，所以D正确。考生要注意干扰项C，该项中park为动词，park the car意为“停车”。
12. A 综合推断题。女士房间的暖气坏了，她想知道什么时候才会有人来修，男士说会立刻派人去，由此可知，男士本身并不是修理工，故排除B，选A。
13. D 综合推断题。男士以为女士在一家大型商业机械公司里工作，女士回答说确实在那儿工作过几个月，但发现会计不是她最喜欢的工作，由此可知，她换工作的原因是不喜欢做会计，所以D正确。
14. B 综合推断题。男士想买一辆新车，但去年买房花钱太多了，女士回答说新车很贵，男士不可能借到那么多钱。本题的关键是女士说的you can’t borrow so much money，其中省略了from me，由此可知，男士没能从女士那里借到足够买车的钱，所以B正确。
15. A 信息明示题。男士说如果早一点学英语，现在就不会有这么多发音上的问题了，由此可知，男士的发音有问题，所以A正确。
16. A 同义替换题。男士问女士是否已经填完税收表，女士说别提了，那些表太复杂，还没填就开始打退堂鼓了，所以A正确。本题的关键词是discouraged，意为“沮丧的，泄气的”，与选项frustrated同义。
17. C 综合推断题。女士询问有没有人愿意去超市选购一些标有“加铁”标签的面包，男士让女士不要看他，这表明男士不想去，所以C正确。
18. B 综合推断题。女士想知道费希尔女士是否有家人，男士说实际上费希尔女士有三个孩子，但孩子们都住在国外，因此看护在照顾她，由此可知，B正确。
Conversation One
19. C 综合推断题。结合听力材料可知，对话一直围绕男士的画作展开，所以C正确。
20. B 信息明示题。对话开始时男士说It’s for my studio art class，所以B正确。
21. A 综合推断题。当男士问女士是否上过绘画课时，女士回答说没有，接着说她的父亲是位画家，由此推断，女士是从父亲那儿学到有关绘画的知识的，故选A。
22. A 信息明示题。女士最后说I have to take a history exam...I was just on my way to the classroom，由此可知，女士接下来要去参加历史考试，所以A正确。
Conversation Two
23. A 综合推断题。女士一开始就说自己有两张朱莉娅摄影展的门票，接着就向男士介绍了朱莉娅这位19世纪著名的摄影师，可见整个对话都是围绕朱莉娅展开的，故选A。
24. C 信息明示题。女士说大多数摄影师只是以冷静的方式拍摄人的外貌，而朱莉娅则像肖像画家一样，关注拍摄对象的个性，故选C。
25. C 综合推断题。男士问朱莉娅都给什么人拍照，女士回答说是她那个年代的名人，还说他们会在展览上看到究竟有哪些人，由此推断，展览上照片的主题应该是名人，故选C。
Section B
Passage One
26. D 信息明示题。文章开头提到You don’t have to visit the university to see the art. You just need a computer linked to a telephone。由此可知D正确。
27. A 信息明示题。文章提到，该博物馆的主管罗伯特说，他建立这个博物馆的原因是计算机艺术家们没有地方展示自己的作品，他想帮助他们，所以A正确。
28. C 信息明示题。文章最后提到，艺术家们若想把作品打印出来，就必须有一台昂贵的激光打印机，所以C正确。
Passage Two
29. D 综合推断题。文章开始就提到，在美国，任何想从医的人都必须经过4年普通大学和4年医学院的学习，还有1至5年在医院的实习期，由此推断，他们在正式成为医生前的学习期从9年到13年不等，所以D正确。
30. C 信息明示题。文章提到they must study biology,chemistry and other sciences，而想成为医生的学生肯定还要学习医学，文章中并未提到哲学，故选C。
31. D 综合推断题。由文章后半部分可知，医学院的入学竞争很激烈，优秀的学生虽然有各种优势，但由于申请的人数很多，所以机会还是有限的，故选D。
Passage Three
32. A 信息明示题。文章第一句指出，如同名字所示，美国海岸警卫队的任务是保卫美国的海岸，所以A正确。
32. D 信息明示题。文章提到美国海岸警卫队除负责有关航海、运输、移民、捕鱼、私人船舶等法律的实施工作，还负责搜索失踪船只、救援被困人员，但并未提到训练人游泳，所以D正确。
34. D 信息明示题。文章提到Last year, coast Guardsmen saved the lives of almost 7,000 people，所以D正确。
35. D 综合推断题。文章最后提到Most of the time...they see nothing more exciting than the ocean, 即大多数时间海岸警卫队员面对的只是大海，由此推断，虽然警卫队员的生活有时充满了惊险与刺激，但大多数时候是枯燥乏味的，所以D正确。
Section C
36. telephoned 37. arrangements 38. kitchen 39. records
40. wonderful 41. stove 42. refrigerator 43. juice
44. I asked him if he had reached the flat without difficulty
45. but fortunately the living room window just by the apple tree had been open and he had climbed in
46. There is no apple tree in front of my living room, but there is one in front of my neighbor’s.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)
Section A
47. E 空格处需填一形容词，即从E、J、L、M中选择。过去分词一般用于主语是人的句子，排除J;结合常理，忘性大常常令人懊恼，故E最符合文章。
48. I 根据定语从句谓语see可知，主语要么是人要么是眼镜，由下句the use的提示，故选I。
49. A 该空需填入一个动词，即从备选项A、H中选择，有allow sb. to do sth.的结构，且语义符合文意，故选A。
50. F 由上文的label items可推知F最符合文意。
51. C 该空需填入一个形容词，由下文的fill in可推知C(空白的)最符合文意。
52. D 由该句中的相关信息词mechanics(机械师)和identify machine parts可推知D最符合文意。
53. J 该空需填入一个形容词修饰名词device(设备)，由常识可知工厂里的设备通常都很复杂，正因为复杂，不容易记住，才有必要使用这种新型眼镜，故J最符合文意。
54. B 该句主句的基本句子结构是A car mechanic could find where a part is，介词for和应填的词在句中作插入万分，结合选项，B最符合文意。
55. H 该空应填入动词原形，从词义上能排出A，H符合文意。
56. G 分析句子结构可知，该空应填入一个非谓语动词，结合句意“在其他情况下，人们可以戴着这种眼镜随团旅游，________名胜景点…”可知，G(指示)最符合文意。
Section B
Passage One
57. B 主旨题。文章第一段简要概述了求职人员在求职过程中对自己的学历弄虚作假这一社会现象，然后在第二、三段分别给出一些具体的例子进行说明，所以B正确。
58. B 推断题。由第二段中前半部分的If it turns out that an applicant is lying... school calls them "impostors"; another refers to them as "special cases" 可知，imposters和special cases指的都是编造虚假学历，所以B正确。
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第 一套） Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minute s) Directions: There are 4 reading passa ges in this part. Each passage is followe d by some questions or unfinished stateme nts. For each of them there are four choi ces marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the co rresponding letter on the Answer Sheet wi th a single line through the center. Pass age One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the follo wing passage. There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of a nswering theoretical questions; technolog y is a method of solving practical proble ms. Science has to do with discovering th e facts and relationships between observa ble phenomena in nature and with establis
2016 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题及 答案 【篇一：2016 年12 月大学英语四级翻译作文题目及答 案】 翻译一： 在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋 友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把 它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快 乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水写中国人名被看 成是一种冒犯行为。 as a symbol of good luck, longevity and happiness in chinese culture, the color of red can be seen everywhere during springfestive and other festive/ joyous occasions. cash is usually put in red envelopes as gifts for relatives and close/intimate friends. also, red is much-welcomed / fashionable in china because of its association with chinese revolutions and the communist party. however, red does not always represent / equal to good luck and joy. red was previously used to write the names of the deceased so it is seen as an offence to write chinese people ’s names in red ink. 翻译二 随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘 在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在 中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住， 白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病 人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。 with the reform and opening-up of china, a great many young people nowadays prefer to hold western-style wedding: the bride wears white wedding gown because the color is considered to symbolize purity/is considered as the symbol of purity. however, in tradition chinese culture, white is often used on funerals. so, do bear in mind that white flowers should never be used as a gift to celebrate someone ’s recovery, especially not for the aged or those who are seriously ill.
大学英语四级期末试卷 Part I: Multiple choice 20% Directions:For each of the following blanks, four choices are given. Choose the best word or phrase for each blank and mark A, B, C, or D on Answer Sheet. 1. Now that we’ve got a loan from the bank, our project is financially _____. A. constructive B. feasible C. favorable D. stiff 2. Due to his recent failure to meet the deadline, Jason is ____ from the list for promotion. . A. eliminated B. retreated C. pried D. wrenched 3. We need someone really ____ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.. A. crucial B. realistic C. essential D. efficient 4. I am pleased to hear of your job offer-all that hard work at school has obviously __. A. paid off B. taken its toll C. made a difference D. shown up 5. As a reporter, I was paid to __ into other people’s lives. A. pry B. convert C. blurt D. carve 6. The mayor promised to trim the city budget without cutting ___ services. . A. essential B. appropriate C. equivalent D. lucrative 7. The doctor ___ Billy’s operation with x-rays and special exercises to make him stronger. A. went after B. followed up C. started up D. took on 8. A firm might sometimes sell at a loss to drive a competitor out of business, and__ increase its market power. A. therefore B. thereby C. hence D. further 9. You can ___ the video camera on a tripod (三脚架)，so that you don’t have to worry about holding it steady while you ask questions. A. withstand B. mount C. implement D. dwell 10. AIDS activists permanently changed and shortened America’s ___process for testing and approving new drugs of all kinds, for all diseases. A. efficient B. stagnant C. intricate D. appropriate 11.___ students should be motivated by a keen interest in theatre and should have some familiarity with plays in production.. A. prospective B. responsible C. ethnic D. realistic 12.However, the new law, once passed, will ___ the Bridlintong agreement illegal by giving workers the right to join unions of their choice.. A. convert B. render C. cancel D. eliminate 13.This course focuses on the ____ of economic analysis to the problems of inflation, unemployment, the balance of payments and enterprise behaviour. A. conception B. combination C. application D. introduction 14.The aircraft base is protected with specially designed shelters which are built to ___ ground and air attacks. A. launch B. withstand C. contest D. contend
大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .
对此内容进行投票:(0)(0)
Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite
精品文档 2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（完整版） 来源：文都教育 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time. 2. A) At Mary Johnson's. C) In an exhibition hall. B) At a painter's studio. D) Outside an art gallery. 3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience. B) She does not quite agree with what the man said. C) The man had better talk with the students himself. D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation. 4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.
大学英语四级考试模拟试题
大学英语四级考试模拟试题 Model Test Five Part ⅠListening Comprehension Directions: This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. Choose the correct answer---A, B, C or D, and then, mark your answer by writing the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Section A (C) 11. A) He will only be available in the afternoon. B) It’s not his office hour. C) He doesn’t have time. D) He is too tired after class. (A) 12. A) The woman insists on going out. B) The woman doesn’t like watching TV. C) The man promised her a gift on her birthday. D) The man is too tired to go out. (B) 13. A) There are too many courses offered to
2007年6月大学英语四级考试A卷试题以及答案 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to our club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 欢迎辞，欢迎加入俱乐部。 标题：Welcome to our club 书写提纲： 1. 表达你的欢迎； 2. 对你们俱乐部作一个简要介绍。 Welcome to English club! It could serve as a platform to show your outstanding abilities and help you develop a range of great skills. You can be involved in a variety of activities including staging musical dramas, holding group discussions and watching Oscar-winning movies. These extra-curricular activities could offer you ample opportunities. First, you active participation is helpful to strengthen the sense of responsibility and managing interpersonal relations. Second, various activities organized by us could raise your level of proficiency in English. A good command of English empowers you to enjoy decided competitive edge over your peers. You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via bonoo@https://www.doczj.com/doc/0012361191.html,. The deadline for entries is Sept.25th. Come on, join us now! 注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; Y(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10. complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain. The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750.000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And thai number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized. Identity theft is "an absolute epidemic," states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and