单元综合检测 (Unit 7)
附详细参考答案和听力材料
第Ⅰ卷(共40分)
Ⅰ. 听力(10分)
(Ⅰ)录音中有五个句子, 听一遍后, 选择最佳答案。(5分)
1. A. Mount Tai. B. Qomolangma.
C. Mount Emei.
2. A. Bamboo. B. Grass.
C. Meat and grass.
3. A. The Nile.
B. Changjiang river.
C. Qinghai Lake.
4. A. It’s much lower than Mount Huang.
B. It’s 1, 545 meters high.
C. In Shandong Province.
5. A. He is young.
B. He is tall and thin.
C. He is outgoing.
(Ⅱ)录音中有一篇短文, 听两遍后, 根据所听内容填写下面的表格。(5分)
Ⅱ. 单项选择(10分)
1. The man jumped into the river quickly and the main reason was his drowning son.
A. to save
B. saving
C. save
D. to saving
2. —What do you think of the talent show you saw yesterday?
—Oh! It’s one of talent shows I’ve ever seen.
A. interesting
B. more interesting
C. most interesting
D. the most interesting
3. Bill jumped than any other player at the sports meeting.
A. tall
B. taller
C. high
D. higher
4. —Some of the animals the pollution.
—Right. The government will find ways to solve the problem.
A. die to
B. die in
C. die of
D. die from
5. Traveling by train is exciting than a rushed trip by air.
A. much
B. a little
C. much more
D. little
6. The police tried to protect the foreign officers personal injury.
A. to
B. at
C. from
D. in
7. There were many young children in the factories in the past.
A. work
B. working
C. works
D. to work
8. The teacher thinks chores necessary for every student.
A. do; are
B. doing; is
C. does; are
D. to do; is
9. is the population of China today?
A. How much
B. How many
C. What
D. Which
10. Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River, the second
river in China, passes through.
A. long
B. longest
C. longer
D. length
Ⅲ. 完形填空(10分)
A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest. As more and more people came to live in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is1forest left, though there are still some small areas(地方)covered with trees. We call these woods.
Elephants, tigers and many2animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live in Hong Kong, the3began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and4pigs and chickens in the valleys. They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed5to keep themselves warm in winter, to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because there was not enough food for them. 6did most of the wolves and tigers. Monkeys and many other animals soon7in the same way.
You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong8in the zoos. There are still about 36 different animals9there. One of the most interesting animals of Hong Kong is the barking deer. These are beautiful little
animals with a rich brown coat and a white patch(斑点)under the tail. They look like deer but they are much like a barking dog. In Hong Kong the barking deer has only a real enemy-10. People hunt these little animals though it is illegal(违法的). There are now not many barking deer left. So it is important for people to care for wild animals.
1. A. many B. a few C. no D. not
2. A. other B. others
C. the other
D. another
3. A. people B. animals
C. plants
D. things
4. A. grew B. made C. got D. kept
5. A. fire B. hotness
C. heat
D. stoves(炉子)
6. A. So B. Such C. As D. Nor
7. A. lived B. died
C. came
D. left
8. A. besides B. except
C. and
D. or
9. A. live B. to live
C. lived
D. living
10. A. tigers B. men
C. wolves
D. elephants
Ⅳ. 阅读理解(10分)
Rock climbing(攀岩)did not become a sport until
late in the 1900s. But now it has become a popular
outdoor activity. While rock climbing may still be
necessary for mountain climbing, most people just
climb low mountains for fun.
If you have ever done rock climbing, you will know that it is not a very easy sport. Indoor and outdoor rock climbing both need practice. What most people don’t know is that rock climbing is one of the sports that depend on your body and mind(意志).
To climb successfully, one must use wonderful skills. One of the important rules is to always have three parts of your body on the rock face. Another important rule is that your arms only hold you close to the rock face while your legs are pushing you up, the closer you are to the rock face, the easier it is to climb.
Rock climbing is a wonderful sport. Once you start to learn how to climb, you’ll find more fun. People who like games such as chess playing or problem-solving may love rock climbing, because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking. For anyone who wants to get into beautiful shape, rock climbing is a fun and good way. Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby.
1. When did rock climbing become a sport?
A. In 1900.
B. Early in the 1900s.
C. In the middle of the 1900s.
D. Late in the 1900s.
2. The chess players may like rock climbing because.
A. they’d like to get into beautiful shape
B. it is more interesting than chess playing
C. it is like chess playing in the way of thinking
D. they really like to do sports
3. Who should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby?
A. People who enjoy indoor activities.
B. People who enjoy music.
C. People who enjoy a difficult game and love the outdoors.
D. People who love dancing.
4. What does rock climbing depend on?
A. It depends on your brain.
B. It depends on your hobby.
C. It depends on your interests.
D. It depends on your body and mind.
5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Rock climbing is a kind of indoor and outdoor activity.
B. Rock climbing is a very easy sport.
C. When you climb, your arms push you up.
D. The closer you are to the rock face, the more difficult it is to climb.
第Ⅱ卷(共60分)
Ⅴ. 词汇运用(10分)
(Ⅰ)根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。(5分)
1. Russia has the biggest(人口)in Europe.
2.I’ll go there according to the weather________(条件；状况)
3. Each student should learn to(保护)the wild animals.
4. She was very anxious to get away from cities and back to(自然).
5. The(政府)is making laws against water pollution.
(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空。(5分)
6. The animals in the zoo are usually(wake)at night.
7. His grandma went to hospital and her(ill)is so serious.
8. Although Lucy tried her best to lose weight, she didn’t(success).
9. Pandas eat so many(bamboo)every day.
10. A wolf is much(wild)than a dog.
Ⅵ. 完成句子(20分)
1. 一只大象的重量是一个成人重量的一百倍多。
An elephant weighs more than________ _______ _______heavier than an adult person.
2. 在困难面前, 我们应该从不放弃。
We should never________ _______ in the________ _______ difficulties.
3. 汤姆每天总是第一个来, 最后一个走。
Tom is always the first________ _______, and the last________ _______every day.
4. 鱼用鳃吸氧气。
Fish________ _______oxygen through their gills.
5. 大多数婴儿出生时的体重在6磅到8磅之间。
________ _______, most babies weigh between 6 and 8 pounds.
Ⅶ. 书面表达(30分)
水资源匮乏是世界上最大的难题之一。虽然全球70%被水覆盖, 但只有1%是可以饮用的淡水。世界上的很多国家和地区都缺水。生活中有很多人不注意, 污染了水源, 使可用水更少。因此, 如果我们不节约用水, 那么最后一滴水也许会是我们人类的眼泪。以“It’s our duty to save water”为题, 写一篇100个词左右的文章, 文章开头已经给出。
参考词汇: natural resource, without water, less and less, care about, pour dirty water, seriously polluted, in this way, the last drop of water, teardrop of, surface(表面)
It’s our duty to s ave water
The lack of water is one of the biggest problems in the world. Though water covers 70% of the earth’s surface, fresh water covers only 1% of the earth’s surface. As we all know,_____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Ⅷ. 补全对话(10分)
从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话, 有两项多余
A. What a pity.
B. W hy couldn’t he come back?
C. Sorry, I haven’t.
D. Yes, I have.
E. He died on Qomolangma with Andrew Irvine.
F. So do I.
G. How did they live on it?
A: Have you ever heard of George Mallory?
B: 1What is he?
A: He is an English teacher. He has been dead for 60 years.
B: Did he die in England?
A: No. 2
B: 3
A: Maybe it was because the weather was very bad.
B: 4Did he reach the top?
A: I don’t know, but I hope so.
B: 5
Ⅸ. 短文填空(10分)
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空, 使短文完整、通顺。
attract, lost, indeed, peak, danger, thick,
climb, top, condition, freeze
Alaska Range(阿拉斯加山脉)is famous for its valleys and glaciers(冰川). It has many1forests and big glaciers which are over millions of years old. It2more than a million tourists from all over the world. It is also one of the most3places on the earth.
Of all the4, Mount McKinley is the highest.
It’s one of the most popular places to go for mountain5. It’s very difficult to climb Mount McKinley because the6of the mountain is covered by thick snow all year round, and there are many other difficulties like the7weather8, avalanches(雪崩), the heavy storms and so on.
For these climbers it is an extremely dangerous climb—9, many people have10their lives on this mountain. However, the mountain climbers have never given up climbing it, and they enjoy the great challenges in climbing the mountain.
答案解析
Ⅰ. (Ⅰ)答案: 1～5. BACBB
【听力材料】
1. What is the highest mountain in the world?
2. What’s pandas’ favorite food?
3. Which is the largest lake in China?
4. How high is Mount Tai?
5. What does your teacher look like?
(Ⅱ)答案: 6. wonders7. 12, 7008. earth9. 5. 310. 7. 8
【听力材料】
The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world. It begins with Yalu River in Liaoning Province, and ends with Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten-Thousand-Li Long Wall in China. In fact, it is 12, 700 kilometers long. It has two parts, the west and the east. The western part was built with earth, about 5. 3 meters high. In the eastern part, the inside parts of the Wall were also built with earth, but the outer parts were covered with bricks and rocks. The Wall of the eastern part is about 7. 8 meters high and 6. 5 meters wide. It is wide enough for five horses to go together.
Ⅱ. 1. 【解析】选A。考查固定句式。“The main reason is/was to do sth. ”意为“主要原因是……”。
2. 【解析】选D。考查形容词的最高级。由句意“——你认为昨天你看的才艺表演怎么样? ——噢! 它是我看过的最有趣的才艺表演之一。”可知要用最高级, interesting的最高级形式是most interesting, 且形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。
故选D。
3. 【解析】选D。考查副词的比较级。指相对高度用high, 后面有than, 所以选D。
4. 【解析】选D。考查短语用法辨析。若死因存在于人体(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因), 一般用介词of; 若死因不是存在于人体, 而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因), 一般用介词from。故选D。
5. 【解析】选C。考查形容词的比较级。后面有than, 所以用比较级, much修饰形容词的比较级。
6. 【解析】选C。考查固定搭配。protect. . . from. . . 意为“保护……免受/免遭……”。
7. 【解析】选B。考查固定句式。“there be sb. doing sth. ”意为“有某人在做某事”。故选B。
8.【解析】选B。考查动名词短语作主语的用法。doing chores是动名词短语作主语, 谓语动词用单数is。故选B。
9. 【解析】选C。考查疑问词辨析。What’s the population of. . . ? “……的人口是……? ”
10.【解析】选B。考查形容词的最高级。long为形容词的原形, longest是形容词的最高级。longer是形容词的比较级。length是名词“长度”。the+序数词+形容词的最高级, 意思是“第几最……”。本句意思是: 兰州是中国第二长河——黄河唯一穿过的省会城市。所以选择答案B。
Ⅲ. 1.【解析】选C。考查语境理解。根据下面一句话得知没有森林遗留下来。
2. 【解析】选A。考查词义辨析。many other animals表示其余的许多种动物。
3. 【解析】选B。考查语境理解。由于人多了, 动物就变少了。
4.【解析】选D。考查词义辨析。keep在这里表示“饲养”。
5. 【解析】选A。考查语境理解。根据后面的取暖、做饭、驱赶危险动物, 可见这里他们需要的是火。
6.【解析】选A。考查固定句式。“so+助动词+主语”表示“某人(某物)也这样”, 这里表示大多数狼和老虎也以同样的方式消失了。
7. 【解析】选B。考查语境理解。由上句可知猴子和许多其他的动物很快以同样的方式消失死亡。
8. 【解析】选B。考查词义辨析。besides表示“除了……还有……”, 而except“除……之外”。故选except, 表示也许你会认为在香港, 除了动物园其他地方就没有动物了。
9. 【解析】选D。考查固定句式。There be sb. /sth. + doing表示有从事某种活动的人/物。
10. 【解析】选B。考查语境理解。根据整篇文章的观点得知人类才是动物真正的敌人。
Ⅳ. 1. 【解析】选D。事实细节题。从文章第一句Rock climbing did not become a sport until late in the 1900s. 可知直到20世纪末攀岩才变成了一项运动, 故选D。
2. 【解析】选C。事实细节题。从文中第四段第三句. . . because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking. 可知喜欢下象棋的人们喜欢攀岩的原因是由于他们思考问题的方式是一样的, 故选C。
3. 【解析】选C。事实细节题。根据文中最后一句Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby. 可知喜欢有难度的游戏和爱好户外运动的人应该考虑选择攀岩作为一种新的爱好。故选C。
4. 【解析】选D。事实细节题。根据文中第二段最后一句What most people don’t know is that rock climbing is one of the sports that depend on your body and mind. 可知攀岩依靠的是人的体力及意志。故选D。
5. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章第二段第二句Indoor and outdoor rock climbing both need practice. 可知, 攀岩既是一项室内运动也是一项室外运动。故选A。
Ⅴ. 答案: 1. population 2. condition 3. protect 4. nature 5. government
6. awake
7. illness
8. succeed
9. bamboos10. wilder
Ⅵ. 答案: 1. one hundred times 2. give up; face of 3. to come; to leave
4. take in
5. At birth
Ⅶ.【参考范文】
It’s our duty to save water
The lack of water is one of the biggest problems in the world. Though water covers 70% of the earth’s surface, fresh water covers only 1% of the earth’s surface. As we all know, the water we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. We can’t live without water. The amount of water which is suitable for drink is less and less because of the water pollution. But some people don’t care about it. They waste a lot of water in their daily life. Even worse, they pour dirty water into rivers. They throw rubbish into rivers, too. Many rivers and lakes are seriously polluted. Something must be done to stop the pollution. Only in this way can we live happily. If we don’t save water, the last drop of water will be a teardrop of us.
Ⅷ. 答案: 1～5. CEBAF
Ⅸ. 答案: 1. thick 2. attracts 3. dangerous 4. peaks 5. climbing 6. top
7. freezing8. conditions 9. indeed10. lost
初中英语语法之一名词 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（mCountable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：||专有名词 || | 名| | 个体名词 | | || || 可数名词| || | 集体名词 || ||普通名词 || | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | || || 不可数名词| || | 抽象名词 || 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 ___________________________________________________ 情况构成方法读音例词 _________________________________________________ _ 一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/;bag-bags car-cars __________________________________________________ _ 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches ______________________________________________ __ __ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses __________________________________________________ _ 以辅音字母+y变y 为i 结尾的词再加es读 /z/baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数： 如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较：层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s，如： photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加s，如： belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs； b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； c. 均可,如：handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves
一、选择题 1．—Billy, you are very confident all the time, how do you make it? —I think confidence is more than just an attitude, it comes from a strong ________ to take responsibility rather than just let life happen. A．present B．care C．promise D．protect 2．We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A．in B．to C．on D．for 3．Many people think Erquan rngyue is too sad, _____________ it's my favorite. A．and B．so C．or D．but 4．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 5．— Sorry, I can't afford to go abroad. — What about having a country travel with a little________ price? A．cheaper B．higher C．lower D．less 6．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 7．Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A．so B．if C．because 8．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 9．The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020. A．on B．in C．at D．of 10．— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A．always B．usually C．never D．sometimes 11．Is this a photo of your son? He looks________ in the blue T-shirt. A．lovely B．quietly C．beautiful D．happily 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A．familiar B．distant C．accidental D．present 14．—Do you like English? —Yes, I think it is difficult ________ interesting. A．and B．but C．because 15．Your advice is very________to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A．terrible B．comfortable C．impossible D．valuable
一、选择题 1．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 2．—Jerry looks so tired. He works too hard. —He has to ________ a family of four on his own. A．offer B．support C．provide D．remain 3．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 4．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 5．— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A．good B．patient C．free D．happy 6．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 7．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 8．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 9．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 10．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 11．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．—Can you ________ some of the famous tourist attractions in Paris? —Sure. There is Notre Dame, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, etc. A．call B．tell C．name D．talk 14．—Bill, do you like________? —Yes. They’re healthy. A．ice-cream B．carrots C．salad 15．—Is that blue cup Paul's?
初中英语语法 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足 语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如： I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名 词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他 给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接 宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
David
一名词的分类： 1.名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 二，名词变复数： 2 名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。 b. news 为不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如： "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。 6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。 5. 定语名词的复数 名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。例如： sports meeting 运动会students reading-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌the foreign languages department 外语系2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 例如：men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如： goods train （货车）arms produce武器生产customs papers 海关文件clothes brush 衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如： two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划
一、选择题 1．—I heard that Tina got into Harvard University. —That’s ________ what I’m trying to tell you. A．especially B．nearly C．hardly D．exactly 2．We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A．in B．to C．on D．for 3．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 4．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 5．— Can you tell us about our new teacher? — Oh, I’m sorry. I know________ about him because I haven’t seen him before. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 6．When I as well as my cousins __________ as a volunteer in Beijing, I saw the Water Cube twice. A．were treated B．treated C．was served D．served 7．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 8．We should learn_______ each other. A．to B．from C．for D．of 9．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general c hampion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 10．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 11．—Can you ________ some of the famous tourist attractions in Paris? —Sure. There is Notre Dame, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, etc. A．call B．tell C．name D．talk 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．—Why did Jim look so happy? —It________ him that he had a good choice even if he failed in the job interview. A．learned B．broke C．hit D．received 14．—Do you like English? —Yes, I think it is difficult ________ interesting. A．and B．but C．because
动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth句型中，表示说话人对客观事件的决断，意为：做…..是……的，it仅作形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth It is very interesting to read.读书是有趣的 It is useful to read.看书是有用的 It is healthy to run every day.每天跑步是健康的 It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question.解出这道题对我来说有点难 It is bad not to finish homework.不完成作业是糟糕的 It is bad to be late for school.迟到是糟糕的 It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪，与It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth的意义不同。 It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．你能告诉我事实，真是太好了 It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．他做那件傻事，真是太笨了 It is very clever of you to work out this question. 你能解出这道题目，真是太聪明了 It is very wise of you to read this novel. 你看这本小说，真是太明智了 这个句型中用介词of而不是for的原因是这里的形容词是用来形容人的品质性格的。 类似的词有：careless，careful，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid，friendly 因此区分是用It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth还是It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth，要
初中英语语法时态精讲版 Prepared on 24 November 2020
初中英语动词时态精讲 一般现在时 一、动词的第三人称词尾变化： 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es： 注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has. 二. 一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）表示现在的状态。 例如：My father is at is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不 错，讲的可不行。
4)表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。 一般过去时 1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago,just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。几年后。例如：Where did you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了
初中英语中考必考重点词语辨析汇总 1. after, in 这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思。 after 以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间之后，常用于过去时态的句子中。 如： She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的。 in 以现在为起点，表将来一段时间以后，常用于将来时态的句子中。 如： She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走。 2. how long, how often, how soon how long指多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问。 如： How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了? how often指每隔多久，主要用来对频率副词或状语(如
once a week等)提问。 如： —How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久来一次?每月一次? how soon指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。 如： How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来? 3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some few 和little的意思是否定的，表示“很少”或“几乎没有”； 而a few和a little的意思是肯定的，表示“有一些，有一点儿”。 few 和a few修饰可数名词;little 和a little 修饰不可数名词。 several用于修饰可数名词，语意比a few和some更肯定，含有“好几个”的意思。 some可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，从数量上说，它有时相当于a few 或a little,有时指更多一些的数量。 4. the other, another the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”，表示特指。
★哈佛大学★英语系研究，美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。 官方网站：https://www.doczj.com/doc/0512284425.html,/ 哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供 学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。 一、多“说”。 自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。 或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。 如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。 二、多“听” 寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。 三、多“读”。 “读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。 四、多“写” 有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下：The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.
1 accept/receive Ⅰ. accept “接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 ①I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。 ②We have accepted his proposal. 我已接受了他的建议。 Ⅱ. receive “接到、收到、受到”表示其行为与主观意愿无关。如： ①I received a letter from him. 我收到了他的来信。 ②He received the present, but he did not accept. 他收到了礼物，但没有接受下来。 ③He received a good education.他受到了良好的教育。 [注] 在表示接待、接见时，通常用receive, 而不用accept. 如：We often receive foreign guests. 我们经常接待外宾。 2 before long/ long before Ⅰ. before long. “不久”，“不久以后” Ⅱ. long before “很早以前”，“好久以前”如： ①I hope to see you again before long. 我希望不久以后再见到你。 ②We finished our work long before.我们早就把工作做完了 3 care (about) / take care of/ care for Ⅰ.take care of“照料=look after,即指喂饭照看等。如： ①Nurses take care of patients in hospital. [注]：它还可表所负的责任，如： ①Mr Savage takes care of marketing and publicity. 萨维奇先生负责销售和宣传。 Ⅱ.care about表你是否认为某件事是重要的，某件事是否引起了你的兴趣或使你忧虑，常用于疑问句或否定句中，后接从句时，about一般都要省略。如： I don’t care whether it rains, I’m happy. 我才不在乎下不下雨呢，我快活着呢。 Ⅲ.care for 有以下几种意思 1）“照料”（特别是多用在正式的或较文的文体中）如： She spent the best years of her life caring for her sick father. 她把一生中最好的岁月都用来照料她那有病的父亲了。 2）“关怀”“关心”如：care for the younger generation 关怀年轻的一代 3）“喜欢、愿意”（多用在疑问句或否定句中）[care for sb. to do sth.] 如： ①Would you care for a cup of tea? 你喜欢喝一杯茶吗？ ②I don’t/shouldn’t care for him to read this letter. 我不愿让他看这封信 4 cost/ spend/ pay/ take Ⅰ.cost 指某东西“值……钱”；“需要花费……钱/ 精力”等，它的主语一般为表示东西的名词，不能为表示人的名词，作及物动词和名词。可接双宾语，无被动语态。如： ①I’ll bet that dress cost a thousand dollars.我敢说那件衣服得花1000美元。 ②The chair cost me thirty yuan.这把椅子花了我30元。 ③The building of the dam cost many lives. 修建这个水坝使许多人丧生。（使花（某种代价）； 使损失） ④Bad driving may cost you your life.开车技术不行可能使你丢掉性命。 ⑤作名词时意为“花费；成本”→The cost of the house was too high for me.这房子的价钱太 高，我买不起。 [常用搭配]： ①at all costs 不惜一切代价，—→The officer told the soldiers that they must defend the town at all costs.军官对士兵们说要不惜一切代价保卫这座城市。 ②at the cost of 以……为代价。 →1). He finished the work at the cost of his health. 他完成了这项工作，但失去了健康。 →2). She saved him from fire, but at the cost of her own life. 她从火中把他救出，但她自己却牺牲了。 ③cost of living 生活费用。 —→As the cost of living goes up my standard of living goes down. 生活费用越上涨，我的生活水准越降低。
初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)
初中英语语法精讲精练：主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面：语法 一致；意义一致；就近一致（就近原则）。 一、语法一致(意义一致)：主语复数---- 谓语复数；主语单数----- 谓语单数 1、主语复数的情况---- 谓复 ⑴people, police, staff, crowd, sheep, cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 The police are waiting for the boy. The staff are dressed as clowns. ⑵由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是 老师。 ⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner. ⑷the ＋a. 表一类人，做主语，谓语用复数；但表示抽象概念时，用单数形式： The poor aren’t always very sad, while the rich aren’t always happy. The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 2、主语单数的情况----- 谓单 ⑴单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式： Some water is in the bottle. The boy is playing football on the playground. ⑵many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式： Many a student has been to Shanghai.
初中英语常用词语辨析 摘要：英语许多常用词是词性多、词义多、组成的固定词组也多。对词语清晰明确的掌握，直接关系到语言学习的效果，有个正确明了的辨析是非常重要的。本文从初中英语课本中总结了一些常用词语的辨析。 关键词：英语；词语；异同；辨析 中国分类号：G427 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1992-7711（20XX）05-037-01 培养学生的创新能力和时间能力，让学生学会知识、学会学习、学会实践、学会创新已成为课堂教育亟待解决的全新课题。为了让学生更快地适应当前的教育改革，在牢固掌握基础知识和基本技能的同时，能够更加熟练地运用所学知识自己解决问题，对关键词清晰明确的掌握是显得更为重要了。 对词语清晰明确的掌握，直接关系到语言学习的效果，而这又往往是许多初中生的一大难题。在词形、字义相近的几个词语之间彷徨不定、徘徊不前，经常会出现屡用屡错、屡错屡用的现象。而教科书的解释往往分散而又缺乏系统性，不利于综合比较、系统掌握。 我在几年的初中教学中积累了一些词语辨析方面的心得，可以与大家分享。 一、a bit 和 a litter bit 和litter都可作名词，意思是“一些、少量”。bit 的复数bits,意思是“碎片、剩余的食物”，而litter没有复数。 a bit和a litter都有“一点儿，一些”的意思，在修饰动词、形容词、副词及比较级时，可以互换。 在修饰名词时，一般要用短语a bit of或直接用 a litter。 但在强调“……中有一点儿……”时，可用 a litter of来修饰。 二、 evening和night evening和night 都有“晚上”的意思。 ev ening “傍晚、晚上”，指从日落到就寝这段时间。 night “夜、夜间、黑夜”，是指从日落到日出这段时间。 at night “在夜里、天黑时”。指一天的部分时间（下午六时至午夜） in the night “在夜间”，指从天黑到天明这一段时间。 三、 family、house和home family、house和home 这三个词都有“家”的意思。但实际含义不同。