2012年高考英语复习之
易错题、陷阱题大汇编（配详细解析）
易错题、陷阱题中隐含机关，预设陷阱，尽管你完全具备做好此类题的知识和能力，但由于你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等，可能自认为捡了个大便宜，而实际上却刚好掉入了命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。
一、冠词考点◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ―Do you know ______ English for ?帅哥‘?‖ ―I‘m afraid I don‘t. I‘m not interested in _______ English language.‖
A. the, the
B. the, 不填
C. 不填, the
D. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为A。在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。如：
(1) 当语言名词表特指意义，其前可用定冠词。如：
The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England.
美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。
(2) 当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。如：
What‘s the English for this? 这个东西用英语怎么说?
(3) 当在语言名词后加上language一词时，也要用冠词。如：
There have been many changes in the history of the English language.英语发展过程中有很多变革。
2. I couldn‘t remember the exact date of t he storm, but I knew it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.
A. a, the
B. a, 不填
C. 不填, a
D. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易误选D，因为星期名词前不加冠词；而at church 表示在教堂里做礼拜，其中也不用冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为B。确实，在通常情况下星期名词前不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下还是可以用冠词的，如表示特指，其前可用定冠词；表示―某一个‖或受描绘性定语修饰表示―某种‖这样的意义等，其前可用不定冠词。如：He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日来，星期一就走了。
My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。
3. Which person do you refer to, the one with______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard? A. a, a B. 不填，不填 C. a, 不填 D. 不填，a
【陷阱】误选A或B，认为hair(头发)和beard(胡须)性质和用法应该差不多，要么都可数，要么都不可数，或者说要么都用不定冠词，要么都不用。
【分析】最佳答案选D。hair 和beard 在用法上并不完全相同：hair 可用作可数或不可数名词，用作可数名词时，指一根一根的毛发或头发，如说There‘s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发)；用作不可数名词（集合名词）时，则是整体地指一个人的头发。比较：
He has gray hairs. 他有几根白发了。He has gray hair. 他满头白发了。
而beard 则通常只用作可数名词，且指的是一个人所有的胡须，而不是指一根胡须，它的复数形式，通常是指多个人的胡须，而不是指多根胡须，如：
He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡须。
Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡须。
4. I once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.
A. a, a
B. an, an
C. a, an
D. an, a
【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案填C。第一空填a，因为one-act它的第一个音是辅音不是元音；第二空填an，是因为11的英文是eleven它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以下各题的答案是C 不是其他：
(1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students. A. a, a B. an, an C. a, an D. an, a
(2) We hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.
A. a, an
B. an, a
C. a, a
D. an, an
5. ―Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.‖ ―Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.‖
A. a, the
B. the, the
C. a, a
D. the, a
【陷阱】误选A，生搬硬套冠词用法规则：第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词，第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为C。第一空填a，比较好理解；而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的pen，即这里的one 与前面的pen 并非同一事物，这从后面一句的I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题：
―Have you seen___ pen? I left it here this morning.‖ ―Is it____black one? I found it in the corner.‖
A. a, the
B. the, the
C. a, a
D. the, a
此题的最佳答案是A不是C。请注意其后I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子：
―Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.‖ ―Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.‖ A. a;
a B. a; the C. the; the D. the; a
此题答案选A，注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。
6. My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.
A. a, a
B. a, the
C. the, a
D. the, the
【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为第一次提到girl 用不定冠词，第二次提到就应该用定冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为A。句中第二次提到girl 时并不是特指的，此句实为一省略句，补充完整为My friend Mary is
a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题(答案选A)：
(1) Jim is__brave boy and__boy never fearing anything.A. a, a B. a, the C. the, a D. the, the
(2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.
A. a, a
B. a, the
C. the, a
D. the, the
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Since tasting the excitement of____ big city life, she never wants to live in_____ country again.
A. the, the
B. 不填，不填
C. the, 不填
D. 不填，the
2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.
A. a, the
B. a, 不填
C. 不填, the
D. 不填，不填
3. As _____ writer, he was ____ complete failure. A. a, a B. a, the C. 不填，不填 D a, 不填
4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.
A. on the Sunday
B. on a Sunday
C. on Sunday
D. at a Sunday
5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.
A. the, the
B. the, a
C. the, 不填
D. a, the
6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.
A. the, a
B. the, 不填
C. a, 不填
D. 不填, the
7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.
A. the, 不填
B. a, 不填
C. 不填, 不填
D. the, the
8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, i t‘s very difficult for people to find _______ work. A. the, 不填 B.不填，不填 C. the, a D. an, the
9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment. A. one a B. the one C. one D. a one
10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.
A. 不填, 不填
B. the, a
C. 不填, the
D. the, 不填
11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter. A. 不填；the B. 不填；a C. the；不填 D. the; a
12. —John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.
—Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.
A. the; 不填
B. 不填; the
C. the; the
D. a; a
13. ―What about ______ school?‖ ―It is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.‖
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. a; a
D. the; the
14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.
A. 不填, 不填
B. the, 不填
C. the, the
D. 不填, the
15. ―Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn‘t missed ______ game in the past three years.‖ ―I can hardly believe it.‖
A. an; the
B. a; the
C. the; a
D. an; a
16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight.
A. the; 不填
B.不填; 不填
C. the; the
D.不填；the
17. Many people agree that____ knowledge of English is a must in_____ international trade today.
A. the, an
B. a, 不填
C. the, the
D. 不填, the
18. The cakes are delicious. I‘d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small. A. the, the
B. a, the
C. the, a
D. a, a
19. ________ England of those years was _______ England in peace.
A. 不填, 不填
B. The, an
C. The, 不填
D. 不填, an
20. — Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?
— Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.
A. a; 不填
B. the; 不填
C. the; the
D. a; the
【答案与解析】
1. 选D，big city life 表泛指，其前不用冠词；country 表示―农村‖时，其前习惯上要用定冠词。
2. 选B，success 在此指―成功的事‖，为可数名词；out of danger（脱离危险）为习语，其中不用冠词。
3. 选A，其中的failure 在此指―失败的人‖，为可数名词。
4. 选B，Sunday 前用不定冠词，表示―某一个‖。
5. 选C，kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。
6. 选B，当概括事物的种类时，用定冠词，不用不定冠词；另外in danger of 是短语，不用冠词。
7. 选A。on the phone 和at work 均为习语，其中一个带冠词，一个不带冠词。
8. 选B。unemployment 和work 均为不可数名词，表示一般意义时其前不用冠词。
9. 选D。a one bedroom apartment 意为―一套只带一间卧室的套房‖。
10. 选B。the young 意为―年轻人‖，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物；第二空填不定冠词修饰名词topic。
11. 选C。over [on] the telephone 为习语，意为―通过电话‖；若用by telephone 则不用冠词，类似地，by letter（通过信件）也不用冠词。
12. 选D。第一空后的most不是构成最高级，而是表示―很‖、―十分‖，故其前用a；第二空也填a，该句为I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。
13. 选B。第一空填the，表特指；第二空填a，表泛指，as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意为―与湖南师大附中一样好的一所中学‖。
14. 选A。used computers 与years 均为复数名词表示泛指意思，其前不用冠词。
15. 选D。NBA中的N 读音为] [，即前面一个音为元音，故填an不填a；第二空填a表泛指，泛指任何一场比赛。16. 选A。介词by表示―以…计‖时，若后接单数可数名词，其前要用定冠词，如：by the week 按周，按星期/ by the ton 按吨/ by the yard 按码/ by the meter 按米；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠词，如：by volume 按体积/ by weight 按重量。
17. 选B。knowledge 虽为不可数名词，但其前却可用不定冠词，表示某种程度的知识，有类似some的意思；第二空不填冠词，是因为trade 为不可数名词，表示泛指时不用冠词。
18. 选B。序数词前通常用定冠词，表示特指（如第一空）；有时也用不定冠词，表示原有数量上的增加（如第一空）。
19. 选B。原则上说，专有名词前不用冠词，但在些特殊情况下也可用冠词。此题第一空填定冠词，表特指，即指―那时的英国‖；第二空填不定冠词，表示具有某种特征。
20. 选C。Are they missing? 中的代词they 是一个很重要的信息词，它表明上文中的_______ black and _______ white cat 是两只猫而不是一只猫，所以C。the black and white cat 可视为the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若选A，则表示―一只黑白相间的猫‖。
二、名词考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.
A. a, tear
B. a piece of, tears
C. a, tears
D. a piece of, tear
【陷阱】误选D，许多学生错误地认为，既然news(消息)和paper(纸)均为不可数名词，那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的；同时认为―眼泪‖即―泪水‖，―水‖不可数，―泪水‖和―眼泪‖也应该不可数。
【分析】最佳答案为C。newspaper和tear均为可数名词，它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数，而且还可以连用数词。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。
The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。
A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。
顺便说一句，若不是将newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西，而只是把它当成一种―纸‖来看待，也可用作不可数名词，如：
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
2. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter
B. cook, typist
C. cooker, typist
D. cook, typewriter
【陷阱】误选A，许多同学想当然地认为：cook 用作动词，表示―煮饭‖，所以cooker 应是其相应的名词，表示―煮饭的人‖，即―厨师‖；type 用作动词，表示―打字‖，所以typewriter 应表示―打字员‖。
【分析】而事实是：cook=厨师，cooker=炊具；typist=打字员，typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。
3. ―Why couldn‘t they meet us at five o‘clock?‖ ―Because they were delayed by ________.‖
A. heavy traffic
B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic
D. crowded traffics
【陷阱】B、C、D三项均容易误选。
【分析】对于此题，首先要明确traffic为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除B和D。另外，汉语习惯说―交通拥挤‖，而英语习惯上却不能用crowded 来修饰traffic，要表示汉语的―交通拥挤‖，英语通常说heavy traffic，即选A。如下面一题也是选A：
She is not a competent driver and can‘t cope with driving in _______.
A. heavy traffic
B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic
D. crowded traffics
4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.
A. cattle is
B. cattle are
C. cattles are
D. the cattles are
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，想当然地认为cattle是单数，并且空格有表单数的one，自然谓语动词用is。
【陷阱】其实，正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜，牛)为集合名词，尽管它不带复数词尾-s，却永远表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语要用复数。又如：
For this many cattle were killed. 为此宰了不少牲畜。
The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。
类似地，police(警察)，people(人)，police(警察)，poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法，即只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义；用作主语时谓语通常也用复数；不与a(n) 连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如：
The poultry have been fed. 家禽已经喂过饲料了。
In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察通常不带枪。
It annoys me when people forget to say ―thank you‖. 遇到有人忘记道谢的时候，我就不痛快。
5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.
A. mean, mean
B. means, means
C. means, mean
D. mean, means
【陷阱】误选C，认为第一空前有all修饰，故用means，而第二空前有every饰，故用mean。
【分析】其实，means是一个单复数同形的名词，并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说，在表示―方式‖、―方法‖时，不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词，表示―意思是‖；也可用作名词，表示―中间‖、―中庸‖)。此题正确答案为B，by all means为习语，意为―一定‖、―尽一切办法‖。顺便说一句，means用作主语时，其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。
比较：
All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。
Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。
若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数，其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如：
Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?
6. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.
A. so kind a, friends
B. so a kind, friends
C. so kind a, friend
D. so a kind, friend
【陷阱】误选C或D。认为friend要用单数。
【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A。so kind a person相当于such a kind person，注意两者中冠词的位置不同。be friends with是习语，意为―与……友好‖、―跟……做朋友‖，与之同义的类似地还有make friends with。值得说明的是，这类短语中的名词总是用复数，即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如：
He is friends with me. 他与我是朋友。
He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。
7. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.
A. dozen of, dozen
B. dozens of, dozens
C. dozens of, dozen
D. dozens of, dozen of
【陷阱】误选B。
【分析】此题最佳答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂，大致原则是：
(1) 当它与具体数字连用时，既不加复数词尾-s，也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有two dozen of 这样的用例，但这已属过时用法，在考试中应避免，如1992年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项：Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A. dozens of
B. dozens
C. dozen of
D. dozen [D]
(2) 当它不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s，而且要后接介词of，此时可将dozens of(许多，几十)视为习语。如：
I‘ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
She‘s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况：
Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。
(3) 当与a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时，加不加复数词尾-s均可，但需注意：不加复数词尾-s时，其后的介词of可以省略；加词尾-s时，其后介词of不能省略。如：
several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔
注：英语较少使用many dozen的说法，要表示类似意思可用dozens of。
(4) 当它后面的名词受the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词of。如：
two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋three dozen of them 它们中的3打
注：score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。
8. She raised her finger to her lips as ___ for silence. A. an idea B. a mark C. a sign D. a word
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】应选C，sign与mark的区别是：sign 的意思是―迹象‖、―征兆‖gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或头等做出示意动作以传递信息或命令等)，mark 的意思是written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(书写与印刷的符号或图、线等记号)。根据此二词的语义区别以及常识可知答案为C。类似地，下面两题的答案也是C：
(1) Those black clouds are a sure ____ that it‘s going to rain. A. thing B. mark C. sign D. one
(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a____ of good harvest next year.
A. mark
B. track
C. sign
D. appearance
但是，下面一题却不能选sign，也不能选mark，而选symbol(象征)：
The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _____ of courage and power.
A. example
B. sign
C. mark
D. symbol
顺便说一句，在近几年的高考中像这类结合词义区别以及语境和生活常识进行考查的试题经常出现，同学们需引起注意。
9. ―May I take your order now?‖ ―We‘d like three black _______ and two green _______.‖
A. coffee, cups of teas
B. coffees, teas
C. cups of coffee, tea
D. cup of coffees, teas
【陷阱】误选C，认为coffee和tea均为不可数名词，不能后加复数词尾-s，从而排除A、B、D。【分析】选B。有的同学认为coffee 和tea是物质名词，不可数，不能用three coffees, two teas 这样的表达。其实，coffee既可用作不可数名词，表示―咖啡‖这种物质，也可用作可数名词，表示―一杯咖啡‖，即在口语中three coffees 就等于three cups of coffee。同样，―三杯茶‖既可说成three cups of tea，也可说成three teas；―三杯啤酒‖既可说成three glasses of beer，也可说成three beers。
10.__ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A.WalkB.WalkingC The walkD.To walk
【陷阱】容易误选A或D。【分析】最佳答案为B。分析如下：
(1) 首先，选项D不如选项B佳，因为，不定式通常表示特定的动作，而动名词才表示习惯性的动作。
(2) 尽管walk用作名词时可以表示―散步‖，但它是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的散步，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的―散步‖，要表示此义，要用动名词walking。比较：
How about going for a walk? 出去散散步如何?
Walking does good to your health. 散步对你的健康有益。
类似地，dance 和dancing 以及swim 和swimming 的区别也是一样：
(1) 名词的dance表示―跳舞‖，是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的跳舞，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的―跳舞‖，要表示后者的意思，要用动名词转化来的名词dancing。比较：
Let‘s have a dance. 我们跳曲舞吧。
He is interested in dancing. 他对跳舞感兴趣。
(2) 名词的swim表示―游泳‖，是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的游泳，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的―游泳‖，要表示后者的意思，要用动名词转化来的名词swimming。比较：
She had a swim every day. 她每天游一会儿泳。She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Ten years had passed. I found she had _______.
A. a few white hairs
B. a little white hair
C. some white hair
D. more fifty hair
2.—Hi, this way, please.—OK.I sometimes have no sense of_____ when I arrive at the crossroad.
A. position
B. direction
C. situation
D. condition
3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.
A. intention
B. attempt
C. purpose
D. desire
4.I didn‘t have to work all weekend.—I did it by______. A.chance B.choice C.accident D.myself
5. ―Did you get _____ to the party?‖ ―Yes, I replied to it this morning.‖
A. an answer
B. an invitation
C. a question
D. a letter
6. I paid him ￡50 for the painting, but its true ______ must be at least ￡500.
A. price
B. money
C. value
D. importance
7. His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any ______ of it.
A. explanation
B. meaning
C. sense
D. guess
8. You‘ve just missed your ______, and you will have to wait for the next round.
A. chance
B. turn
C. time
D. part
9. —Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well.
—It‘s no ______ he always gets the first place in any examinatio n.
A. question
B. doubt
C. problem
D. wonder
10. —How can I use this washing machine? —Well, just refer to the _______.
A. explanations
B. expressions
C. introductions
D. directions
11. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.
A. rooms number
B. room number
C. room‘s numbers
D. room numbers
12. —Hello, I‘d like to speak to Henry. —Oh, which_______? There are two _____ in our office.
A. Henrys, Henrys
B. Henries, Henries
C. Henry, Henrys
D. Henrys, Henries
13. Electricity, like other forms of ______, has greatly increased in price in recent years.
A. pressure
B. force
C. strength
D. energy
14. In order to learn the _______ of the family business, Bill took a job as messenger boy in one of the offices. A. ins and outs B. dos and don‘ts C. heads and tails D. t‘s and i‘s
15. —I‘ve got an ―A‖ in the examination. —That‘s a good______. You will surely win a second.
A. result
B. news
C. start
D. idea
【答案与解析】
1. 选A。hair 可用作可数或不可数名词，用作可数名词时，指一根一根的毛发或头发，如说There‘s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发)；用作不可数名词时，则是整体地指一个人的头发。
2. 选B。需根据句意来分析。have no sense of direction 意为―没有方向感‖。
3. 选B。需根据句意来分析。attempt 在此表示―尝试‖。
4. 选B，由于上文说didn‘t have to work，所以下文相应的语境应是did it by choice。类似地，下面一题应选D，也是因为choice与下文的have to do it 相呼应：
Were you given a _____, or did you have to do it? A. job B. duty C. requestD. choice
5. 选B。注意其后的to the party 和replied to it。
6. 选C。value 指―价值‖。
7. 选C。make sense of 意为―明白‖、―理解‖。比较：make sense 意为―有意义‖、―意思清楚‖、―有道理‖。如下面一题选D：What he told us about the situation simply doesn‘t make any ______. A. use B. reason C. value D. sense
8. 选B。miss one‘s turn 电为―错过机会‖，注意下文的…have to wait for the next round 所表示的语境。9. 选D。it‘s no wonder (+that从句)的意思是―难怪‖，也可说成No wonder (+that从句)。10. 选D。directions 的意思是―使用说明‖，空格前的refer to 意为―查看‖、―参考‖。11. 选D。room 为无生命名词，不用room‘s 这样的所有格形式，在此可直接用名词作定语。类似地，下面一题要选B，也是一样的道理（名词作定语通常用单数不用复数）：The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.
A. shoes shop
B. shoe shop
C. shoes‘s shop
D. shoe‘s
12. 选C。在通常情况下，专有名词具有―独一无二‖性，因此它通常没有复数形式，即不可数。但是，专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的，随着范围的扩大，这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内，只有一个星期六(Saturday), 一个星期日(Sunday)等，但是在一个月中甚至一年中，便有多个星期六，多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说：We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。另外一点值得注意的是，与一般的名词单数变复数不同，以―辅音字母+y‖结尾的专有名词，其直接加词尾-s，而不将y改为i。13. 选D。从常识来考虑，electricity 属于energy，结合全句的语境，只有D最合适。同样地，下面一题从常识和语境来考虑也应选D：
(1) Some countries are increasing their use of natural gas, and other forms of ______.
A. source
B. material
C. power
D. energy
(2) The_____ has become extremely tense. A war could break out any time between the two sides.
A. pollution
B. friendship
C. condition
D. situation
14. 选A。ins and outs 意为―细节‖，dos and don‘ts 意为―注意事项‖，heads or tails 为掷钱币打赌时用语，意为―你赌正面还是赌反面‖，p‘s and q‘s主要用于mind one‘s p‘s and q‘s，意为―留意自己的言行‖。结合句意，选A最合适。
15. 选C。从语法上看，news 不可选，因为它不可数；从意义上看，D不可选，因为选D意思不通；比较A和C，选C最合适，因为start与下文的a second 相吻合。
三、代词考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. _____ with any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. Anyone
D. Who ever
【陷阱】容易误选B。【分析】最佳C。有的同学误选B主要是因为受以下这类句子的影响：
Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人来都欢迎。
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。
Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work. 谁要是得到这份工作就有很多事要做。
以上三句中whoever 引导的均为主语从句，其中的whoever均可换成anyone who，但是不能换成anyone。以上试题从表面上看，与以上各例很相似，其实它们有本质的不同，即_____ with any common sense 中没有谓语动词，所以我们不能选whoever。此题的正确答案为C，anyone 为句子主语，with any common sense 为修饰anyone 的定语。现将此题稍作改动如下，答案选B：_______ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who
B. Whoever
C. Anyone
D. Who ever
2. The dictionary is really useful. Every boy and girl _____ it and they each _____ to buy one.
A. like, want
B. likes, wants
C. likes, want
D. like, wants
【陷阱】容易误选D。认为前面一空填复数动词，因为其主语是boy and girl，为复数；第二空填单数动词，因为其前有each，表示―每一个‖。
【分析】事实上，此题应选C。因为按英语习惯，every 后接两个并列的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，即第一空填likes；而第二空要填复数动词want，是因为其前的主语是they 而不是each（each 为主语的同位语）。
3. Everyone knows that Canada is larger than _____ country in Asia.
A. any
B. any other
C. other
D. another
【陷阱】容易误选B。选择的依据是以下大家熟悉的句型(其中的other 不可省略)：
He is taller than any other student in our class. 他是我们班最高的。
English is more widely used in international intercourse than any other language today. 现今英语在国际交往中比其他任何语言用得都广。
【分析】但是上面一题与这类句子有所不同。这类句型到底该不该加other，主要应看所谈论的对象是否在比较的范围之内：若在范围之内，则用other (以排除自己与自己比较)；若不在范围之内，则不用other。比较下面一题：China is larger than _____ country in Asia. A. any B. any other C. other D. another
此题应选B，因为China 在Asia 的范围之内。假若选A，则表示―中国比亚洲的任何国家都大‖，而中国本身也是亚洲国家，由此则得出―中国比中国大‖的荒谬结论。而选B，则表示―中国比亚洲任何其他国家要大‖，这才合乎事实。
4. ―What do you think of them?‖ ―I don‘t know _____ is better, so I‘ve taken _____ of them.‖
A. what, both
B. what, none
C. which, both C. which, none
【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为C。做好此题的关键是要注意句中的better 一词，由于better 用的是比较级，说明比较的对象应是两者，由此可推知第二空应填both；另一方面，由于所谈论的是两者，说明选择范围比较窄、比较明确，所以第一空应填which。
5. ―Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?‖ ―____ will do, but milk is _____ popular with me.‖ A. Neither, not B. Both, more C. Either, the most D. All, the most
【陷阱】很容易误选B，因为前文提到coffee 和beer 为两者，所以有的同学就认为应选both 和more 与之对应(more 为比较级，指两者比较)。
【分析】做对此题的关键是要注意到下文提到的milk既不是coffee 也不是beer，而是除这两者外的第三者，故第二空应填the most，即此题最佳答案为C。
6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matte___ it was? A.where B.what C.how D.which
此题答案选D，主要与上文的some book or other (某一本书)这一语境有关，全句句意为：―我在某一本书上读到过它，是哪一本书这很重要吗?‖请看类似试题：
(1) ―Who told you?‖ ―Oh, somebody or other, I‘ve forgotten _____.‖
A. what
B. when
C. which
D. who
此题最佳答案为D。句意为：―谁告诉你的？‖―噢，有个人，我忘记是哪一个了。‖
(2) Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I can‘t remember _____.
A. what
B. when
C. which
D. whom
此题最佳答案为C。句意为―有些学生开会迟到了，但我不记得是哪些学生了‖。
7. These trousers are dirty and wet —I‘ll change into my _____.
A. another
B. trousers
C. others
D. other
【陷阱】容易误选A、B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。是从语法上看，another 后通常接单数名词，而不接trousers 这样的复数名词（若用another pair 则可以）；也不能选trousers 是因为填它句子意思不通。最佳答案应选C，others 相当于other trousers，其中的other 与前面的these 相对照。
8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _____.
A. other
B. the other
C. the others
D. another
【陷阱】容易误选B。选择依据可能是one … the other …这一常用结构。
【分析】最佳答案为D。使用one … the other … 时，我们通常是针对两者而言的，即指―两者中的一个……，另一个……‖；如果所谈论的情况不是针对两者而言的，而是针对多者而言的，那么我们就不宜在one 后使用the other，而考虑用another。又如(答案均选D，即选another)：
(1) Those cakes look delicious. Could I have____ one? A.other B.the other C.the others D.another
(2) I have many such novels. I‘ll bring___tomorrow.A. otherB.the other C.the others D.another
(3) Saying is one thing and doing is _____. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another
比较以下各例：(1) Shut ____ eye, Jim. A. another B. some other C. other D.the other
答案选D，因为人的眼睛只有两只，故用one … the other … 结构。
(2) It‘s sometimes hard to tell one twin from _____.
A. another
B. some other
C. other
D. the other
答案选D，twin 意为―孪生子之一‖、―双胞胎之一‖，即指两者之一，故用one … the other … 这一结构。
9. There are four bedrooms, ______ with its own bathroom. A. all B. each C. every D. either
此题容易误选A，认为既然前面出现了four bedrooms，故填all 与之对应。其实，此题的最佳答案应为B，原因是空格后的隐藏信息its，它表示空格处应填一个单数代词，但是不能选C，因为every 不能这样单独使用。
10. ―It‘s said that he is a wise leader.‖ ―Oh, no, he is _____ but a wise leader.‖
A. anything
B. anyone
C. anybody
D. anywhere
【陷阱】容易误选B、C。因为句子主语指人，似乎只有B、C才与之一致。
【分析】其实，正确答案应选A。因为anything but 是习语，意为―根本不是‖或―一点也不‖，不仅可用于事物，也可用于人。如：
I‘ll do anything but that. 我绝不会干那种事。
The party was anything but a success. 晚会根本不成功。
Her father was anything but a poet. 她父亲根本不是诗人。
Such a man was anything but a hero. 那样的人绝不算英雄。
11. Tell _______ you like — it makes no difference to me.A. anyone B. who C. whoever D.what
【陷阱】容易从中文字面来理解而误选A或B。
【分析】最佳答案选C。但若将A, B两项合起来，即用anyone who这样的形式则也可以。选C，whoever 引导一个宾语从句，用作动词tell的宾语。同样地，请看以下类似试题：
(1) _____ comes is welcome. A. Anyone B. Who C. Anyone who D. Everyone
此题很容易误选A，因为从汉语意思来分析，可理解为―任何人来都欢迎‖，但若选A，此句的结构是混乱的，句中有两个谓语动词comes 和is，但却只是一个句子。此题应选C，anyone 是句子主语，who comes 是修饰anyone 的定语从句。
(2) _____ comes to see me, tell him I‘m out. A. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. Everyone
此题很容易按汉语意思误选A，其实应选C。whoever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于no matter who。
(3) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.
A. anyone
B. whomever
C. whoever
D. no matter who
此题不能选A，假若选A，应在其后加上who，即用anyone who；也不能选B，一是因为空格处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词shares)，二是因为在现代英语中whomever 这个词已基本废除(也就是说，在现代英语中whoever 既用作主语，也用作宾语，如：Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在会议室里看见谁就把它
给谁)；也不能选D，因为no matter who只用于引导让步状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为C，whoever 在此相当于anyone who。
比较下例，答案应选A，而不是B、C或D(注意句意)：
It was a matter of _____ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
12. The teacher told us that the problem was not _____ easy and that we should think _____ over carefully. A. such, it
B. that, it
C. such, 不填
D. that，不填
【陷阱】容易根据汉语字面意思误选C。
【分析】最佳答案选B。第一空填that，that 用作副词，相当于so，又如：
Is it always that hot? 总那么热吗?（其中的that hot 可以换成so hot，但不能换成such hot）
I can only tell you that much. 我只能告诉你这么多。（其中的that much 可以换成so much，但不能换成such much）注意第一空不能填such，因为such 不用作副词，即它不用于修饰形容词。
另外，汉语中说―好好想一想‖，通常可以不带宾语，但英语中的think over 是及物动词，如果用它来表示―好好想一想‖，应根据上下文的语境让它带上适当的宾语，所以本题应用think it over，相当于think the problem over。
13. The camera isn‘t good enough; I want to change ______.
A. another
B. a good one
C. it with another
D. it for another
【陷阱】容易根据汉语字面意思误选A、B。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D。英语中的change sth 表示的是―换某物‖，sth 是被换的东西，而change sth for sth else 表示的才是―用某物换另一物‖。比较：
That coat was too large and I had to change it. 那件外套太大了，我得去换一件。
That coat was too large and I had to change it for a smaller one.
那件外套太大了，我得去换一件小一点的。
14. I agree with most of what you said, but I don‘t agree with ______.
A. everything
B. anything
C. something
D. nothing
【陷阱】此题容易误选B，生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句或疑问句。【分析】其实此题应选A，注意前文的I agree with most of what you said(我同意你说的大部分内容)，其后的not 与everything 构成部分否定，意为―不是所有的都同意‖，前后两部分用转折连词but 连接，语气通顺、连贯。请看一个类似的例子：
______ likes money, but money is not ______.
A. Everyone, everything
B. Anyone, anything
C. Someone, nothing
D. Nobody, everything
最佳答案选A，句意为―大家都喜欢钱，但钱不是万能的‖。
15. ―Is there ______ here?‖ ―No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.‖
A. anybody
B. everybody
C. somebody
D. nobody
【陷阱】此题容易误选A。认为这是一般疑问句，要用anybody。
【分析】其实此题应选B，主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：―大家都到齐了吗？‖―没有，Bob 和Tim 两人请假了。‖假若我们将此题作如下变换，则情形就会有所不同：
―Is there ______ here?‖ ―Yes, I‘m upstairs. Please come and help me.‖
A. anybody
B. everybody
C. somebody
D. nobody 此题的最佳答案应是A，而不是B。
请再看一例：
―Do you have _____ at home now, Mary?‖ ―No, we still have to get some fruit and tea.‖
A. something
B. anything
C. everything
D. nothing
答案选C，句意为―玛丽，现在家里东西都准备齐了吗？‖―还没有，我们还要买些水果和茶。‖
16. ―If you want a necklace, I‘ll buy one for you at once.‖―Oh, no. A necklace is not _____ that I need most. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，机械地套用以下规则：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句或疑问句。
【分析】当然以上规则在通常情况下是有效的，但此句不属通常用法。此题的最佳答案应是B，something 在此的意思不是―某种东西‖，而是指―那种东西‖或―这种东西‖，即心中最想要的那种东西(相当于the thing)。同样地，下面几题的最佳答案也是something，而不是anything：
(1) It‘s not _____ that we want to talk about; let‘s change the subject.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
(2) It‘s not _____ I enjoy; I do it purely out of a sense of duty.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
(3) Self-control is not _____ that comes with your birth.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
(4) This is not _____ that would disturb me anyway.
A. anything
B. something
C. nothing
D. everything
17. Some say one thing, but _____.
A. other, another
B. others, another
C. others, the other
D. the others, others
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选B。but others another 为but others say another 之省略。在并列句中，若后面分句与前面分句有相同的词，常把后一分句中的相同部分给省略掉，以避免重复。如：
One soldier was killed and another wounded. 有一名士兵被打死，另一名被打伤。(wounded 前省略了was)
I work in a factory and my brother on a farm. 我在工厂工作，我弟弟在农场工作。(on a farm 前省略了works)
My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。（on the third 前省略了is）
18. He is a hard-working student, _____ who will be successful in whatever career he chooses.
A. that
B. he
C. one
D. which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题答案选C，one 相当于a student。类似地，以下各题也选one，它们分别相当于a table, a break, a question,
a Mexican carpet, a moment：
(1) A table made of steel costs more than _______ made of wood. A.one B.it C. those D.which
(2)―Why don‘t we take a little break?‖ ―Didn‘t we just have _____?‖ A. it B. that C. one D. this
(3) The question is _____ of great importance. A. that B. it C. one D. what
(4) She wants a Mexican carpet, but she can‘t afford to buy ____. A.one B. it C. them D. the one
(5) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_____I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Tom‘s mother always told him not to smoke again, but___ didn‘t help. A.he B.it C. which D.as
2. Both teams were in hard training; _____ was willing to lose the game.
A. either
B. neither
C. another
D. the other
3. There he pointed to _____ lo oked like a stone and said that‘s ______ you had to carry home.
A. that, that
B. what, what
C. which, what
D. as, which
4. I know nothing about the accident except___ I read in the paper. A.that B. for C. what D.不填
5. Energy is ____ makes one work.. A. what B. something C. anything D. that
6. Don‘t go to _____ places where there is no fresh air. A. such B. so C. those D. which
7. The classroom is almost empty, where is____? A. someone B.anyone C.everyone D.no one
8. I‘m afraid we can‘t have coffee; there‘s _____ left. A.nothing B. none C. no one D. no any
9. _____ worries me is _____ we‘re going to pay for all this.
A. It, that
B. That, how
C. What, how
D. As, that
10. He just does___ he pleases and never thinks about anyone else. A.that B. what C. whichD.how
11. _____ of you comes first will get the ticket. A. Which B. Whichever C. Who D. Whatever
12. His income is double _____ it was five years ago. A. that B. which C. as D. what
13. If you want a friend, you‘ll find _____ in me. A. one B. It C. that D. him
14. Oh, how beautiful it is! I like ____better. A.everything B. Anything C.Nothing D.something
15. Do you know _______ friends are coming to our party?
A. whose else‘s
B. who‘s else
C. whose else
D. who else‘s
16. _______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone
B. The person
C. Whoever
D. No matter who
17. Jane hopes to become a friend of _______ shares her interests.
A. whomever
B. anyone
C. whoever
D. no matter who
18. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr and Mrs Smith without hurting the feeling of _______, but failed.
A. none
B. either
C. all
D. neither
19. —Here are the best styles of the clothes. Which one do you like? — _______. They are not so nice as I expected.
A. Neither
B. All
C. Nothing
D. None
20. Mr Ascot, headmaster of the school, refused to accept ______of the three suggestions made by the Students‘ Union.
A. either
B. neither
C. any
D. none
21. ―There‘s coffee and tea; you can have _______.‖ ―Thanks.‖ A. eitherB. each C. one D. it
22. ―When shall we meet again?‖ ―Make it _______day you like; it‘s all the same to me.‖
A. one
B. any
C. another
D. some
23. ―Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.‖ ―Why ______? John is sitting there doing nothing.‖ A. him
B. he
C. I
D. me
【答案与解析】
1. 选B，it 指前面提到的情况。由于句中用了并列连词but，所以不能选C。当然，若去掉空格前的but，则可选C。
2.选B，因是both teams，即谈论的是两者，因此可锁定A和B；从语境上看，应选B，即双方都不愿输。
3. 选B。即两空均填what，第一个what 相当于something that；第二个what 相当于the thing that。
4. 选C，what 在句中用作动词read 的宾语。
5. 选A，what 相当于something that。
6. 选C，但容易误选A。按英语习惯，受such 修饰的名词后跟定语从句时，引导定语从句的关系词一般只能是as，而不能是that, which, who, where等。如：Such women as knew him thought he was charming. 认识他的女人都认为他很有魅力。此句中的as 就不能换成that 或who，若要使用that 或who，则需将such 换掉，如说成Those women who knew Tom thought he was charming.
7. 选C，句意为―教室几乎是空的，大家都到哪里去了？‖
8. 选B，nothing 指―什么也没有‖；none 指数量上的―一点(个)也没有‖。注：回答how much 和how many 时要用none，而不用nothing，道理同此。
9. 选C，what worries me 为主语从句，且what 在主语从句中用作主语。10. 选B。从句意推知。11. 选B因 who后通常不接表示范围的of 短语，故不宜选C；若选A，则句型不对；若选D，则语义不通。12. 选D，what 相当于the amount that。
13. 选A，one 在此相当于a friend。14. 选C，I like nothing better 相当于It‘s the best thing I like。15. 选D。else 可放在who, what, where, how, why 等疑问词之后，但习惯上不放在which之后，而且在一般情况下也不用在whose 后，遇此情况可用who else‘s，如：Who else‘s fault could it be? 这会是其他什么人的错吗? 但是，若其后不修饰名词，有时也可用whose else。如：Whose else could it be? 这会是其他什么人的吗? 16. 选C。其余三者均不能引导主语从句。whoever 在此相当于anyone who。17. 选C。whoever shares her interests用作介词of的宾语，同时whoever 又用作谓语动词shares的语。18. 选B。由于句中谈到的是Mr and Mrs Smith，即谈的是两者，故排除选项A和C，因为none 和all 均用于指三者。又因为空格前有否定介词without，故空格处填either, 不用neither。19. 选D。none 可视为I like none of them 之省略。从下文的语境看，空格处只能填空一个表否定意义的词。据此首先排除B；虽然A、C、D均表否定意义，但neither 与前面的best（既然使用最高级，说明有三者或多者在作比较）不吻合；而nothing 表示―什么也没有‖，不合语境。20. 选C。none 和neither 表否定，与句中的refused to acept 这一语境不符。在either 与any 两个选项中，either 指两者，与句中的three suggestions 不符。故只能选any，指三者中的任意一个。21. 选A。比较四个选项：either 指两者中的―任意一个‖，each 指两者或两者以上中的―每一个‖，one 用来替代―a / an +单数可数名词‖，it 替代―the +单数名词‖。22. 选B。根据下文的it‘s all the same to me(对我都一样)可知，选any 最合语境。23. 选D。Why me? 可视为Why do you ask me to go and join? 之省略。另外，me 还通常在简略回答中用作主语。如：Me too.(我也一样。)
四、it的用法考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing
with fire.
A. it, it
B. what, what
C. it, what
D. what, it
【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为两空均考查形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是D，第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式to play with fire。第二空填what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意what is difficult 后的谓语动词is。请做以下类似试题：
(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations. A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it
(2) Yes, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do. A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it
2. I dislike _______ when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind.
A. that
B. those
C. it
D. them
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案是C，因为在通常情况下，like 是及物动词，其后应有宾语(句中it 即为其宾语)。句中的when 从句不是宾语从句，而是时间状语从句，其中的when 的意思是―当……的时候‖。其实，也有的词典将I don‘t like it when (if) …作为一个句型来处理。能这样用的动词不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词。
She won‘t like i t if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
请做以下类似试题(答案均选it)：
(1) I hate _______ if people say such things in public. A. that B. those C. it D. them
(2) I‘d prefer _______ if I didn‘t have to get up early on Sundays.
A. that
B. such
C. it
D. which
(3) I would appreciate _______ very much if you could give me some suggestions.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. you
3. I‘ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn‘t ask who _______ was.
A. he
B. that
C. she
D. it
【陷阱】容易误选A或C。
【分析】最佳答案是D。it 用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，则不宜用it。比较：
(1) Mr Smith is at the door. _______ wants to see you.
(2) Someone is at the door. ________ must be Mr Smith.A. He B. It C. This D. That
第(1)题选A，因为来者身份明确；第(2)选B，因为来者身份不明确。
4. ―Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can‘t find a repair shop.‖ ―I know ________ nearby. Come on, I‘ll show you.‖ A. one B. it C. some D. that
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案是A。it 和one 的区别可简单地概括为：it = the + 名词，one = a + 名词。
I haven‘t got any pens, and I want to borrow on e. 我没有钢笔，我想借一支。(one = a pen)
I have two pens, and I can lend one to you. 我有两本支钢笔，我可以借一支。(one = a pen)
I have a pen, and I can lend it to you. 我有一本钢笔，我可以把它借给你。(it = the pen)
在上面一题中，one 相当于one 相当于a repair shop。请做下面一题（答案选A）：
There is only one English-Chinese dictionary in that book-shop. I wonder if you still want to buy _______. A. it B. one
C. another
D. any
5. Will you see to _______ that my children are taken good care of while I am away?
A. it
B. me
C. yourself
D. them
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案是A。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格后that引导的宾语从句。see to 意为―负责‖、―注意‖，其中的to 为介词，不宜直接跟that引导的宾语从句，遇此情况可借助代词it。请做下面两题，答案也是选it：(1) I‘ll see to _______ that all these letters will be sent to the post before twelve.
A. it
B. me
C. which
D. them
(2) Will you see to _______ that the luggage is brought back as soon as possible?
A. me
B. yourself
C. it
D. them
类似以上see to 用法的短语还有depend on, answer for 等。如下面两题答案也选it：
(1) You may depend on ______ that he will turn up in time. A. it B. me C. which D. them
(2) I can‘t answer fo r ________ that the boy is honest. A. it B. me C. which D. them
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Why shouldn‘t I buy a new coat —I haven‘t bought _____ for five years.
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. which
2. He made _____ known to his friends that he didn‘t want to enter po litics.
A. that
B. it
C. himself
D. him
3. It used to be thought _____ the Earth was flat. A. as B. when C. since D. that
4. The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they
B. it
C. one
D. which
5. _______ is well known _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.
A. It, that
B. As, /
C. As, as
D. It, which
6. —I don‘t know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum.
— I leave _______ to your own judgment whether you should do it.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. what
7. Does ________ matter if he can‘t finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it
8. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.
A. This
B. That
C. There
D. It
9. They live on a busy main road. ______ must be very noisy. A. There B. It C. That D. They
10. Why don‘t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A. this
B. what
C. that
D. it
11. ―Look at that lady on the stage. She‘s already forty.‖ ―You are joking. She doesn‘t look ________.‖ A. so B. it
C. that
D. this
12. _______ was known to them all that William had broken his promise ______ he would give each of them a gift. A. As; Which B. What; that C. It; that D. It; which
13. In the west, people make______ a rule to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. the following
【答案与解析】
1. 选C。one 指a coat。比较：it = the +名词，one = a+名词，换句话说，it 是特指的，而one 则是泛指的。
2. 选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that he didn‘t want to enter politics。
3. 选D。it 为形式主语，此句为People used to think that the Earth was flat 的被动语态形式。
4. 选B。it 指前面提到的new house。注意不能选D，因为其前有并列连词but。
5. 选A。it 为形式主语，其后的that从句为主语从句。比较下面一题，答案选B：
_______ is well known, _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.
A. It, that
B. As, /
C. As, as
D. It, which
6. 选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是whether you should do it.
7. 选D。it doesn‘t matter if…, does it matter if… 等为英语常用表达。
8. 选D。it‘s no wonder that… 意为―难怪……‖、―……不足为怪‖，为英语固定表达，其中的it‘s 也可省略，即只说No wonder that…。如：
No wonder (that) he didn‘t want to go. 难怪他不想去。
9. 选B。it 指环境。
10. 选D。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that you are too busy to do it.
11. 选B。it 指her age。look one‘s age 为习语，意为―容貌与年龄相称‖。
12. 选C。第一空填it，为形式主语；第二空填that，用以引导一个同位语从句，修饰promise。
13. 选C。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是其后的不定式to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends。
五、介词考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ―You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn‘t you?‖―Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.‖
A. to, with
B. for, with
C. for, for
D. at, for
【陷阱】容易误选B 或D。
【分析】答案应选A。第一空填to 比较好理解，因为此处的late为副词，用以修饰go to the stadium 中的动词go；而第二句的with 则是许多同学不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到for，现将两者区别如下：be late for表示做某事迟到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比较：
We were late for dinner. 我们吃饭迟到了。
We were late with dinner [=in having dinner]. 我们吃饭吃得迟。
句中my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是―我妻子准备晚饭稍迟了一点‖。
2. We were all worried over _______ you were sick.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. the fact that
【陷阱】容易误选A 或B。
【分析】答案应选D。按英语习惯，除except, but 等极个别介词外，英语介词后通常不能直接跟that 从句作宾语。遇此情况，通常是在that 从句前加上the fact，此时the fact 用作介词宾语，而其后that 从句则用作the fact 的同位语。请看类似试题（答案选均D）：
(1) They knew nothing about ______ he was a thief. A. that B. which C. what D. the fact that
(2) She must face up to _______ she is no longer young.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. the fact that
(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _______ he was interested in the project.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. the fact that
(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. the fact that
(5) The writer is not satisfied with _______ buses are too crowded.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. the fact that
3. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we‘ve observed A. which B. since C. because D. because of
【陷阱】容易误选C。因为按英语语法习惯，because是连词，其后接句子；而because of是复合介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词等。
【分析】此题答案选D。because 作为从属连词，主要用于引导原因状语从句，既然是引导一个从句，也就是说它的后面不能再连用―引导词‖。如：
He was angry because we were late. 他很生气因为我们迟到了。
They can‘t have gone out because the light is on. 他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。
Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.
这家超市的面包是自制的，所以便宜。
假若，一个从句已经有了自己的―引导词‖，那么它前面就不宜再用because 这个连词了。如：
She got angry because of what you said. 她哭是因为你说的话。
句中的what 相当于the thing that，也就是说what you said 相当于the thing that you said。其中the thing 用作because of 的宾语，而that you said 为修饰the thing 的定语从句。
He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因为对老板的态度(不好)而丢了工作。
句中的how 相当于the way in which，也就是说how he treated his boss相当于the way in which he treated his boss。其中the way 用作because of 的宾语，而in which he treated his boss 为修饰the way 的定语从句。
4. ―How long have you been an actor?‖ ―_______ 1995, when I graduated from college.‖
A. After
B. In
C. From
D. Since
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。若仅从答句来看，四个答案都说得过去。但若结合问句的语境以答案应选D，因为其余三选项填入空格均不能回答问句所提出的问题。比较：
―When did you became an actor?‖―_______ 1995, when I graduated from college.‖
A. After
B. In
C. From
D. Since
此题选B，因为问句问的是when(何时)，所以用in 1995 来回答便顺理成章。
请再看两题：
(1) ―How long have you worked on the farm?‖ ―____ the end of last year.‖
A. In
B. By
C. At
D. Since
选D，用since the end of last year 回答how long，问―工作了多久‖，答说―自去年年底至今‖。
(2) ―How long will you work on the farm?‖ ―____ the end of next year.‖
A. In
B. By
C. At
D. Since
答案选B，问句问―将工作多久‖，答句说―工作明年明底‖。
(3) ―When did you leave the farm?‖ ―____ the end of last year.‖ A. In B. By C. At D. Since
答案选C，问句问―何时离开‖，答句说―去年明底离开‖。
5. Don‘t be angry_____me for not having written. I was really too busy.A. aboutBwithC.toD. for
【陷阱】容易误选B。根据汉语的―对某人生气‖，将其中的―对‖直译为to。
【分析】最佳答案为B。按英语习惯，要表示对某人生气，通常用be angry with [at] sb，要表示对某事生气，通常用be angry at [about] sth(在美国英语中也用be angry with sth，但不说be angry with sb)。比较以下表达，其中的―对‖也不用to来翻译：
你对这些安排感到满意吗?
误：Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements? 正：Did you feel satisfied with the arrangements?
老师应该对他的学生严格要求。
误：Teachers should be strict to their students.正：Teachers should be strict with their students.
6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch _____ writing often.
A. with
B. of
C. on
D. by
【陷阱】容易误选A。根据keep in touch with (与……保持联系)这一常用搭配推出。
【分析】正确答案是D。by 在这里表示方式，by writing 意为―通过写信‖，全句意为―我们通过经常写信保持联系‖。请再看几例(均与介词搭配有关)：
(1) We‘ve talked a lot _______ films. How _____ television now?
A. of, with
B. with, towards
C. about, about
D. for, about
此题不要受a lot of的影响而误选A。若第一空选of，a lot of cars 即为动词talk 的宾语，但实际上动词talk 是不及物动词，不能后接宾语。最佳答案应是C，句中的a lot是修饰动词talked 的状语，talk about才是一个动词短语。全句意为―我们对电影已谈了不少，现在谈谈电视怎么样?‖ What about…意为―……怎么样‖，用于征求意见。
(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy. A. as B. with C. of D. by
有的同学一看到句中的regard 和选项中的as，马上就联想到regard … as … (把……当作……)这一搭配，从而断定此题应选A。但是错了，原因是将此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正确答案是B，句意为―我们大家都很同情这位老人‖。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. So far, several ships have been reported missing _______ the coast of Bermuda Island.
A. off
B. along
C. on
D. around
2. ―How long have you stayed in this hotel?‖ ―Not long, just ______ this Monday.‖
A. on
B. since
C. until
D. after
3. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _____ floors. People in it had no way to get out. A. in B. between C. among D. on
4. ―What a terrible rain we are having!‖ ―Yes. We are asked to pay more attention to the information about the rain ______ flood.‖
A. as well as
B. so long as
C. because of
D. in case of
5. _____ their inexperien ce, they‘ve done a good job.
A. Given
B. Supposed
C. Considered
D. Concluded
6. They promise that the work would all be finished _____next week. A. until B. in C. by D to
7. _______ reading the letter, what has he done?
A. Because of
B. Except
C. Besides
D. But for
8. ―How did the robber get in?‖ ―______ an open window on the first floor.‖
A. Past
B. From
C. Over
D. Through
9. She knew nothing about his journey _______ he was likely to be away for three months.
A. Except
B. except for
C. except that
D. in addition
9. 选C。在四个选项中，只有except that 后可接句子。
10. He usually goes to work by bike _______ it rains.
A .except B. except when C. except for D. except that
11. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments _______ the hot weather.
A. besides
B. except for
C. except
D. except that
12. ______ the weather, we had a pleasant time.
A. Except
B. Except for
C. But
D. Besides
13. He always did well at school ______ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A. in spite of
B. instead of
C. in case of
D. in favor of
14. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passengers got ______ the plane.
A. around
B. abroad
C. aboard
D. ahead
【答案与解析】
1. 选A。off 用作介词时可表示距离，此时尤其用于指距离某一大路或靠近某海面。又如：
Our house is about 20 meters off the main road. 我们家离大路大约有20米远。
The ship anchored a mile off the coast. 轮船抛锚停泊在离海岸1英里的地方。
2. 选B。此答句为省略句，补充完整为：I‘ve stayed in this hotel since this Monday.
3. 选B。between floors 指在两层楼之间。类例地，以下各例也选between：
Don‘t eat anything ______ meals if you want to lose weight.
4. 选D。复合介词in case of有两个意思，一是表示条件，意为―如果‖；二是表示目的，意为―以防‖。如：In case of fire, call 119. 万一失火，就打119电话。
Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞，以防下雨。
5. 选A，given 在此用作介词，意为―考虑到‖。又如：Given the low price, I decided to buy it. 考虑到价格很低，我决定把它买下。
6. 选C，by 意为―最迟到……之前，到……的时候已经‖。类例地，下面一题也选by：
The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station _______5:40 p.m. at the latest.
A. until
B. after
C. around
D. by
7. 选C。besides 意为―除……之外，还‖。又如：
He has another car besides this. 除了这辆车外，他还有一辆。
Besides being a teacher, he was a poet. 除了是位教师外，他还是位诗人。
Did he do anything besides hitting you? 除了打你之外，他还有没有别的什么举动?
8. 选D。through 意为―穿过，贯穿，经过，透过‖。又如：
The train ran through the tunnel. 火车穿过隧道。
I saw you through the window. 我是透过窗子看到你的。
9. 选C。在四个选项中，只有except that 后可接句子。
10. 选B。except when 和except that 后均可接句子，但前者含―当……的时候‖的意思，而后者则没有这个意思。
11. 选B。except 与except for的区别是：前者主要用来谈论同类的东西；后者主要用来谈论不同类的东西，在说明情况后作细节上的修正，有时含有惋惜之意。
12. 选B，except 和except for 均可表示排除，但若是表示谈论不同类的对象，通常用except for。另外，except 通常不用于句首。
13. 选A。比较：in spite of=虽然，尽管…仍；instead of=代替，取而代之；in case of=假设，万一；in favour of=赞同，有利于。
14. 选C。aboard 用作介词时意思―在(船、飞机、车)上‖、―上(船、飞机、车)‖。
六、形容词与副词考点
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. We don‘t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don‘t want him to smell ____.
A. well, well
B. bad, bad
C. well, badly
D. badly, bad
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为两个smell 均为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。
【分析】这是1995年的一道上海高考题，最佳答案为D。句中的第一个smell 为实义动词，意为―闻气味‖、―嗅觉‖，smell badly 意为―嗅觉差‖；第二个smell 为连系动词，意为―闻起来(有某种气味)‖，smell bad 意为―闻起来气味难闻‖。全句意为―我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好，但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻‖。
2. ―_____ do you think of your English teacher?‖ ―Oh, he is an _____ man.‖
A. What, interesting
B. What, interested
C. How, interesting
D. How, interested
【陷阱】容易误选D，认为第一空应填how，表示―如何‖；第二空应填interested，因为有的书上说–ing 形容词主要说明事物，-ed 形容词主要说明人。
【分析】其实最佳答案应是A。英语中表示汉语的―你觉得……如何?‖时，可用How do you like ...? 或What do you think of ...? 注意两者搭配不同，即like 与how 搭配，think of 与what 搭配。另一方面，有的书认为：-ing形容词说明事，-ed形容词说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的，但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是：表示使(别)人感到如何, 用-ing形容词；表示人自己本身感到如何，用-ed形容词。比较：
All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣。
All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。
I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。
I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。
再比较：
He is frightened. 他很害怕。He is frightening. 他很吓人。
He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。
3. The operation was successful, but I still felt _____.
A. very painful
B. much painful
C. a lot of pain
D. very paining
【陷阱】容易误选A，想当然地认为：pain 表示―痛‖，其形容词painful自然表示表示―感到疼痛的‖。【分析】其实painful 的意思并不是―感到疼痛的‖，而是表示―使人感到疼痛的‖、―使人感到痛苦的‖，所以它通常用于说明事物，而不宜用于说明人。比较并体会：
他仍很痛苦。正：He is still in pain. 误：He‘s still painful.
你感到痛吗? 正：Do you feel any pain? 误：Are you painful?
见到你这样生活我很痛心。
正：I am pained to see you living this way. 误：I am painful to see you living this way.
听到他的死讯，我们都很痛苦。
误：We were all painful to hear of his death. 正：We were all pained to hear of his death.
他眼睛痛。正：He has painful eyes.误：He‘s painful in the eyes.
4. ―Our team is _____ to win the match.‖ ―Really? But I don‘t think so.‖
A. easy
B. difficult
C. possible
D. sure
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，因为假若单纯从中文意思来看，四个答案均说得通。
【分析】正确答案为D，A、B、C三项填入空格处虽然从汉语来看说得通，但不合英语习惯。因为按英语习惯，easy 和difficult 后接不定式时，其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是it，而不能是具体的人或物，除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如：
他回答案这个问题很容易。
误：He‘s very easy to answer this quesiton.
正：It is very easy for her to answer this quesiton. (用形式主语it 作主语)
正：The question is very easy for her to answer. (主语为具体的事物，但它与其后不定式有动宾关系，即to answer this quesiton)
我们很难在半小时内完成这工作。
误：We are very difficult to finish the work in half an hour.
正：It is very difficult for us to finish the work in half an hour. (用形式主语it 作主语)
对possible 来说，后接不定式时，其主语只能是it，不能是具体的人或事物，即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如：
我们可能会赢得这场比赛。
误：We are possible to win the match. 误：The match is possible for us to win.
正：It is possible that we will win the match. 正：It is possible for us to win the match.
5.I think he is__to tell us the secret, but I‘m not sure.A.possibleB.likelyC.impossible D.certain
【陷阱】A、B、C三项均有可能被选择。
【分析】根据句意首先排除D；再根据上面一题的分析，排除A和C；也就是说，此题最佳答案为B。注意likely 的用法，它与possible所用句型不同，请看实例：
Are we likely to arrive in time? 我们会及时赶到吗?
It‘s very likely that he will ring me tonight. 今晚他很可能会给我来电话。
They will very likely come by car. 他们很可能会坐汽车来。(该句中的likely为副词，而前两句中的likely为形容词)
6. Let‘s make it at seven o‘clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.
A. you‘re convenient
B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient
D. it is convenient with you
【陷阱】容易误选A或C，因为许多同学将汉语中的―如果你方便的话‖直译为if you are convenient 或if you feel convenient。
【分析】最佳答案为B，因为英语中的convenient不是表示―感到方便的‖，而是表示―使人感到方便的‖，所以be convenient 的主语通常不能是―人‖。要表示―如果你方便的话‖，英语通常if it is convenient for [to] you，其中的介词可用for 或to，但一般不用with。顺便说一句，偶尔也可见到用人或物作be convenient的主语，但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点：句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，如：
Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday.
星期天去见玛丽较为方便。
The furniture is convenient to move. /It is convenient to move the furniture.家具搬起来很方便。
7. We were two hours late that day, which was due to the ______.
A. crowded traffic
B. crowded traffics
C. busy traffic
D. busy traffics
【陷阱】容易误选A，因为许多同学将汉语中的―拥挤的交通‖直译为crowded traffic(s)；由于traffic 不可数，排除含traffics 的选项，所以许多考生便选定答案A。
【分析】其实，此题的最佳答案是C，因为英语的traffic 习惯上不用crowded 修饰，而用busy 或heavy 修饰，以说明―交通‖的―拥挤‖。类似这样的在修饰语方面需特别注意的还有：
(1) 汉语的―绿茶‖说成英语是green tea，但相应的―红茶‖却是black tea 而不是red tea。
(2) 可说thick soup(浓汤)，但不说thick coffee (tea)；要表示―浓咖啡(茶)‖，用strong coffee (tea)。
(3) 可说thin soup(稀汤)，但不说thin coffee (tea)；要表示―淡咖啡(茶)‖，可用weak coffee (tea)。
8. Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now _____ asleep in class. A. very, very B. much, very C. well, very D. well, fast
【陷阱】容易误选A，因为许多学生往往将汉语中的―很‖与英语中的very 等同。
【分析】但是，许多汉语中的―很‖是不能用英语中的very 来直译的。如汉语―我很喜欢英语‖，在英语中就不能说成I very like English，而应说成I like English very much，因为副词very 在英语中习惯上不用来修饰动词。上面一题不能选A，是因为形容词worth 和asleep 习惯上不能用副词very 来修饰，而是分别用well 和fast修饰，即说成be well worth doing sth(很值得做某事)，be fast (或sound) asleep(熟睡)，所以此题的最佳答案应选D。
9. ―Could I take your order now?‖ ―Yes. One _____ tea and two _____ coffees.‖
A. black, white
B. red, white
C. black, green
D. red, black
【陷阱】容易误选B或D。
【分析】按汉语习惯，在―茶‖前要加表颜色的形容词通常应是―红‖和―绿‖，即说―红茶‖和―绿茶‖。但是在英语中，人们虽然可直接用green tea来表示―绿茶‖，但却不能直接用red tea 来表示―红茶‖，汉语中的―红茶‖说成英语应是black tea，所以第一空应填black，即选A或C。对于第二空，coffee 前通常使用的表颜色的形容词是white 和black，其中white coffee 指―牛奶咖啡‖(因牛奶呈白色)，black coffee 指―没有加牛奶的咖啡‖（即纯咖啡或清咖啡），由此可知上题的最佳答案应是A。
10. Entering the house we found him lying on the bed with his mouth _______ and eyes _______.
A. open, close
B. opened, closed
C. opened, close
D. open, closed
【陷阱】此题很容易误选A。
【分析】答案应选D。open 和close 均可用作动词，前者表示―开‖，后者表示―关‖，是一对反义词，如：Please open your mouth and close your eyes. 请张开嘴，闭上眼。
但是open 和close 也可用作形容词，此时前者意为―开着的‖，后者意为―接近的‖、―亲近的‖等，而并不表示―关着的‖，要表示―关着的‖，英语用closed，即用作形容词时，open 与close 不是一对反义词，而与closed 才是反义词。
11. A ______ road goes ______ from one place to another.
A. straight, straight
B. straightly, straightly
C. straight, straightly
D. straightly, straight
【陷阱】容易误选C。认为straightly 是straight 的副词形式。
【分析】在现代英语中，straight 既可用作形容词，也可用作副词。而straightly这个副词在现代英语中已被废弃，许多词典均不再收录此词。所以此题最佳答案应选A。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. It was _____ opportunity to miss.
A. too good an
B. a too good
C. too a good
D. too good
2. I don‘t like it at all. It can‘t be _____. A. better B. worse C. best D. worst
3. There was nothing special about this film — it was only ______.
A. particular
B. average
C. interesting
D. strange
4. She looks very _____ but I can‘t remember her name.
A. similar
B. familiar
C. friendly
D. strange
5. He said he would return the money, and I was ______.
A. fool enough to believe him
B. enough fool to believe him
C. fool enough believing him
D. enough fool believing him
6. ―This book is ______ more useful for us students.‖ ―Yes, but it is _______ too difficult.‖
A. quite, quite
B. much, rather
C. rather, quite
D. quite, much
7. The children all looked _____ at the broken model plane and felt quite _____.
A. sad, sad
B. sadly, sadly
C. sad, sadly
D. sadly, sad
8. The child dreamed that he had once lived in a _______ house in the forest.
A. wooden pretty little
B. little pretty wooden
C. pretty little wooden
D. wooden little pretty
9. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friends if there was _______ to read.
A. something easy enough
B. something enough easy
C. enough easy something
D. easy enough something
10. The doctor assured the patient that there was______ with her, but she could not help worrying.
A. seriously wrong nothing
B. nothing serious wrong
C. nothing seriously wrong
D. serious nothing wrong
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词性从句 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆ 1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what 【陷阱】可能误选 B.许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠 用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能 充当句子成分，所以便选择了 B. 【分析】正确答案选 D.第一个what 用作动词meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词said 的宾语，即在none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主 句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有what he said 这样一 个主语从句。 2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there. A. which B. how C. what D. having 【陷阱】可能误选 A. 【分析】最佳答案选 C.有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词which，但实 际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于had happened 缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题（答案选B）： He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.” A. that B. what C. which D. as 3.“Is ______ you want to say？” asked the teacher. A. this B. that C. all that D. that all 【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B. 【分析】最佳答案选 D.假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是Is that all you want to say？其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句， 用以修饰all. ？”“When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.” 4. “When ______ leave for Japan A. they will, will they B. will they, they will C. they will, they will D. will they, will they 【陷阱】可能误选D，认为when 后应用疑问句词序。 【分析】最佳答案选 B.第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题（答案选C）：（1）None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed. A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry （2）“Where _______ go to work？”“Where _______ go to work is not known.” A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we 5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.
弃我去者，昨日之日不可留 乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧 abandon v. 离弃，抛弃，放弃abnormal a. 反常的，不正常的 abolish v. 废除（法律、习惯等）；取消*absurd a. 荒唐的，不合理的 abundant a. 丰富的，充分的*accelerate v. （使）加速(~crisis) acceleration n. 加速（度）access n. 接近（进入）(to) accommodation n.住处；膳宿accord v.（使）一致(with)；n. 一致(in~with) *accordance n. 一致（in ~ with）accumulate v. 积累，积蓄 accuse v.指控(of)*acknowledge v. 承认；对…表示感谢 *acquaint v. 使认识，使了解 (be ~ed with)acquire v. 取得，获得(knowledge) *acute a. 敏锐的；急性的，剧烈的adapt v. 改编；（使）适应于(to) adequately ad. 合适地，足够地*adhere v. 粘附，胶着；坚持(to) administer v. 管理，支配；执行admiration n. 赞美，钦佩（for） admission n. 允许进入；接纳；承认advantageous a. 有利的 advocate v./n. 提倡（者），鼓吹（者）*affection n. 爱；感情(for) *agenda n.议程*aggravate V. 加重，恶化（病情，负担） aggressive a. 爱寻衅的aid n./v. 援助，帮助 *alert a. 警惕的，警觉的；机灵的(to)alliance n. 联合，同盟 *allege 断言，宣称(it is ~ed that)allowance n. 津贴，补助 *alleviate 减轻，缓和（痛苦）alter v. 改变，变更 *alternate v. （使）交替，（使）轮流a. 交替的，轮流的 alternative n. 供选择的对象，替换物a. 两者挑一的 *ambiguous a. 模棱两可的*ambition n. 雄心，野心 ambitious a. 有雄心的；野心勃勃的 amend v. 改正，修正*analogy 类比(draw an ~ between…and…) *anticipate v. 预料，期望anticipation n. 预料，期望 anxiety n. 焦虑*amplify v.放大或增强（声音、信号、电流等） apparent a. 明显的；表面上的**appeal n./v. 呼吁，要求；上诉；吸引（力）applaud v. 鼓掌，欢呼appreciable a. 可估计的，可觉察的 appreciation n. 欣赏，赏识apprehension n. 理解，领悟；恐惧，担忧appropriate a. 恰当的，合宜的*apt 恰当的，易于的(be ~ to do) appropriately ad. 恰当arbitrary a. 随心所欲的；专断的 array v. 使成队列，排列；n. 队列，陈列 articulate v. 清晰明白地说a. 发音清晰的 *ascend v. 攀登；上升*ascertain v.查明，弄清 *ascribe v. 把…归于（to）assemble v. 集合，召集；装配，组装 assessment n. 评价，评估*asset 资产，有价值的东西 assign v. 指派；分配，布置；指定assist v. 帮助，协助 *assume v. 假定, 设想*assurance n. 保证 attach v. 贴上，附上；使依附；将（重点等）放在
一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it won't make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades. According to Rimac, most people will no longer own or operate their own cars in the future. Instead, vehicles will be shared, self—driving and electric. These changes are already starting. "There will be people who still want to own their cars and drive their cars and I am happy for that because that is our business," Rimac said. "Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore." Rimac's most recent car, the C—Two, comes off the production line next year. Rimac is well aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries, and says in the next 20 years driving as we know it may exist mainly as a hobby. "I really believe that humanity goes for things that make sense." he told Newsweek. "If you look at 1.3 million people dying every year on the roads, if you look at the impact it has on economies based on traffic jams and time lost, it's so much of a negative impact to society that I think such a huge benefit can be gained if people stop driving." "Let's look into the future. You are standing in front of the choice of either investing a huge amount of your money in buying a hunk of metal and plastic for 30, 40, 50 thousand dollars, or you have the convenient option of paying as you go, the car picks you up in a few minutes, it's a nice environment and you spend a few dollars per day on your transport." "When you take the driver out of the car, transport can be much cheaper and you can use the time to do other things, instead of sitting behind a steering(转向)wheel and not doing anything else. So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one." （1）What can we learn from paragraph 2? A.The majority of people will purchase cars. B.Huge changes will take place in car industry. C.Driving cars will enjoy more popularity. D.The car business is gradually disappearing. （2）What is a major cause of the fast change in the car industry? A.The rapid growth of self-driving cars. B.The rise of shared vehicles. C.The increasing demand of customers. D.The advanced production line. （3）How does Rima feel about the future of self-driving cars? A.Uncertain. B.Confused. C.Optimistic. D.Frightened. （4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Self-driving cars meet new challenges.
高考英语典型“陷阱题”50例（含答案解析） 1. Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all he could ______ his oral English before going abroad. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving 2. Everything he ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown. A. took B. had been taken C. had had been taken D. had taken 3. Before he went abroad，he spent as much time as he _____ English. A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn 4. You can never imagine what great difficuly I have ______ your house. A. found B. finding C. to find D. for finding 5. The person we spoke to ______ no answer at first. A. making B. makes C. make D. made 6. The person we referred to ______ us a report tomorrow. A. giving B. will give C. gave D. give 7. The days we have been looking forward to _______ soon. A. coming B. will come C. came D. have come 8. The person we talked about ______ our school last week. A. visiting B. will visit C. visited D. has visited 9. The man whose songs we are fond of ______ in our city next week. A. singing B. to sing C. will sing D. sang 10. Not only ______ the jewelry she _____ been sold for her son's gambling debts but also her house. A. is；has B. has；had C. has；has D. 不填；has 11. ______ in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 12. The research is so designed that once nothing can be' done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 13. - What do you think made the woman so upset？ - _______ weight. A. As she put on B. Put on C. Putting on D. Because of putting on 14. Time should be made good use of ______ our lessons well. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. having learned 15. It was only with the help of the local guide ______. A. was the mountain climber rescued B. then the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. that the mountain climber was rescued 16. Never ______ time come again. A. has lost B. will lose C. will lost D. lose 17. - ______ was it ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace？ - Totally by chance. A. What；that B. How；that C. When；how D. Where；that 18. I have nothing to confess. ______ you want me to say？
单词拼写必背 一、一个星期七天 1. Monday 2. Tuesday 3. Wednesday 4. Thursday 5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sunday 二、一年十二个月 1. January 2. February 3. March 4. April 5. May 6. June 7. July 8. August 9. September 10. October 11. November 12. December 三、一年四季 1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter 四、容易拼写错的数字 1.eighth第八 2.ninth第九 3.forty四十 4.twelfth第十二 5.twentieth第二十 四、亲属称呼 1.daughter (女儿 2.niece (女性晚辈 3.nephew (男性晚辈 4.cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹 5.aunt (女性长辈 6.uncle (男性长辈 五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母 1.regret (regretted, regretting 后悔 2.control (controlled, controlling 控制 3.admit (admitted, admitting 承认 4.occur (occurred, occurring 出现
5.prefer (preferred, preferring 宁愿 6.refer (referred, referring 提到 7.forget (forgetting 忘记 8.permit (permitted, permitting允许 9.equip (equipped, equipping 装备 注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语也可不双写(美国英语六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词 1.broadcast (broadcast, broadcast 广播 2.flee (fled, fled 逃跑 3.forbid (forbade, forbidden 禁止 4.forgive (forgave, forgiven 原谅 5.freeze (froze, frozen 结冰 6.hang (作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬 挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung 7.lie (作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位 于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词 是lain 8.seek (sought, sought 寻求 9.shake (shook, shaken 发抖 10.sing (sang, sung 唱歌 11.sink (sank, sunk/sunken 下沉 12.spread (spread, spread 传播 13.swim (swam, swum 游泳 14.tear (tore, torn 撕碎 15.weave (wove, woven 编织 七、部分专用名词 1.Australia (澳大利亚;澳洲 2.Australian (澳大利亚人 3.Canada / Canadian 4.Italy / Italian 5.France / French 6.Germany/German 7. Sweden瑞典/Swedish (瑞典人 8. Macao 澳门 9. Tibet 西藏 10.the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games 11. the Olympic torch 奥运火炬 12.The 2010 Shanghai World Expo 八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化 1.long—length 长度 2.wide—width 宽度
绝密★启封前 2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I） 英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A.￡ 19.15 B.￡ 9.18 C.￡ 9.15 答案是 C。
1.What are the speakers talking about? A. Having a birthday party. B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift 2. What is the woman going to do? A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera 3. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Tell Kate to stop. B. Call Kate, s friends. C. Stay away from Kate. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5. What does the woman mean? A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man going to do this summer? A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel. 7. How will the man use the money? A. To hire a gardener. B. To buy books. C. To pay for a boat trip. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates. 9. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation? A. Work as a programmer. B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——连词 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆ 1. I'm sorry, _____ I won't be able to come tonight. A. for B. and C. but D. then 【陷阱】容易误选A，因为空格后的句子是用以说明I'm sorry 的原因的，所以便想当然地认为要选for来表示原因。 【分析】事实上，I'm sorry 后习惯上不接表示原因的连词for，而接表示转折的连词but（也可省略but），用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。又如： Oh, sorry, but she's out. 哦，不好意思，她出去了。 I'm sorry, but I have to disagree. 对不起，我不敢苟同。 I'm sorry, but I have already had another appointment. 对不起，我已经有约会了。 注：I'm sorry 后虽然不能接表原因的连词for，但却可接介词for.如： I'm sorry for shouting at you. 对不起冲你嚷嚷了。 I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话。 2. The point is not who said the words, _____ they are true or not. A. but whether B. and whether C. but how D. and how 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】最佳答案为A.此题涉及两个搭配：一是not …but …（不是……而是……），二是whether …or not （是否）。请看类例： He was not an actor, who often appeared on stage, _____ a writer, writing stories. A. but B. and C. then D. so 答案选A，主要考查not …but …结构。 3. Just because they make more money than I do, _____ they seem to look down on me. A. so B. and C. but D. 不填 。so …because …直译为……”所以……因为“，将汉语的A但容易误选【陷阱】【分析】此题正确答案为D，但是按英语语法，because 为从属连词，用以引导原因状语从句，它表明整个句子为复合句；而so 在表示“所以”时，它是并列连词，用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词because，又用了并列连词so，使得该句一半像复合句，一半像并列句，从而导致错误。正确的做法是，任意去掉because 和 so 中的一个，使之要么成为复合句，要么成为并列句。 4. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _____ he won first prize. A. but B. and C. even D. 不填 【陷阱】容易误选A，将汉语的“虽然……但是……”直译为although …but …。 【分析】正确答案选D.按英语语法，although 为从属连词，用以引导让步状语从句，它表明整个句子为复合句；而but 在表示“但是”时，它是并列连词，用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词although，又用了并列连词but ，使得该句一半像
小学必背单词表 pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔book 书bag书包sharpener卷笔刀school学校 desk课桌chair椅子 head头face脸nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm胳膊finger手指leg腿foot脚body身体 red红色的yellow黄色的green绿色的blue蓝色的purple紫色的 white白色的black黑色的orange橙色的pink粉色的brown棕色的 cat猫dog狗monkey猴子panda熊猫rabbit兔子duck鸭子 pig猪bird鸟bear熊elephant大象mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠cake蛋糕bread面包hot dog热狗hamburger汉堡包chicken鸡肉coke可乐juice果汁milk牛奶water水tea茶coffee咖啡French fries炸薯条 one 一two 二three 三four 四five 五six 六 seven 七eight 八nine九ten 十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十 doll玩具娃娃boat小船ball球kite风筝balloon气球 car 小汽车plane飞机bike/bicycle 自行车bus公共汽车bike自行车 taxi出租车jeep吉普车
boy男孩girl女孩teacher教师student学生this这个my我的 friend朋友I’m=I am 我是nice好的；愉快的good morning早上好good afternoon下午好meet遇见；碰见goodbye再见too也；太father父亲；爸爸dad爸爸（口语）mother母亲；妈妈mom 妈妈（口语）man 男人woman女人grandmother（外）祖母grandma（口语）（外）祖母grandfather （外）祖父grandpa（口语）（外）祖父sister 姐妹brother兄妹 let’s=let us 让我们great 太好了really真地；确切地and和；并且how多么；怎么样 how many 多少can能够；可以look at看；瞧 peach桃pear梨orange橙子watermelon西瓜apple苹果banana香蕉strawberry草莓grape葡萄like喜欢some一些；某些thanks多谢walkman随身听lamp台灯your你的；你们的zoo动物园small 小的big 大的long 长的short 短的；矮的deer 鹿tall 高的giraffe 长颈鹿computer(计算机) board(写字板) fan(风扇) light(灯) this(这；这个) is(是) my(我的) that(那；那个) your(你的) teacher’s desk(讲台) it(它) picture(图画；照片) wall(墙壁) floor(地板) yes(是；是的) one(一) two(二) three(三) four(四) five(五) six(六) seven(七) eight(八) nine(九) ten(十) what(什么) time(时间) it’s=it is …o’clock(…点钟) math(数学) Chinese(语文) English(英语) P.E.(体育) music(音乐) for(为；给) class(课程)
高考英语真题及答案 英语 第一部分听力（略） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Washington.D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington.D.C Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability - and the cherry blossoms - disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington.D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration: 3 hour Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents,Congress,memories,and https://www.doczj.com/doc/0410293710.html,fortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hour (7 miles) Join a small group hike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 21. Which tour do you need to book in advance? 【A】 A. Cherry Blossom Tour in Washington.D.C. B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington. D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? 【D】 A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? 【D】 A. City maps. B. Cameras C. Meals. D. Safety lights. B Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning,but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food,she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food taste,while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and Jack,11. “We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant,”she explains. “I pay ￡5 for a portion(一份),but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.” The eight-part series(系列节目),Save Money:Good Food,follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money:Good Health,which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. With food our biggest weekly household expense,Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 24.What do we know about Susanna Reid? (B)
○典型高考英语陷阱题详解（二）?定语从句 2013年曾梦龙 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：（1）Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are （2）The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （3）Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?" A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为"在附近"；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？ 3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.