非谓语动词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enter
B. to enter
C. entering
D. entered
请看以下试题：
(1) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope
B. hope
C. hoping
D. hoped
(2) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practise
B. to practise
C. practising
D. practised
(3) Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can’t help _______ any of your work.
A. doing
B. to do
C. being doing
D. to be done
又如下面一题：
She can’t help ____ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. being cleaned
再请看以下试题：
While shopping, people sometimes can’t help _____ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do
B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing
D. is devoted to doing
请做以下类似题：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. have been completed
C. had been completed
D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn’t help but______ him.
A. being, support
B. was, support
C. has been, supporting
D. is, to support
比较以下各题：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. have been completed
C. had been completed
D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn’t help but______ him.
A. being, support
B. was, support
C. has been, supporting
D. is, to support
4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.
A. not make
B. not to make
C. not making
D. do
请做以下类似试题：
The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _____ work for young people.
A. provide
B. to provide
C. providing
D. provided
5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.
A. to be tied
B. being tied
C. tied
D. having tied 请看下面一题：
Anyone ______ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police.
A. finds
B. found
C. being found
D. will find
比较下面两题：
(1) The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case ______.
A. argued
B. to be argued
C. to be arguing
D. being argued
(2) The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the
sound of pages _______.
A. turned
B. having turned
C. to be turned
D. being turned
6. Remind me _______ the medicine tomorrow.
A. of taking
B. taking
C. to take
D. take
7. Once your business becomes international, _____ constantly will be part of your life.
A. you fly
B. your flight
C. flight
D. flying
8. Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well.
A. to work, to do
B. to working, to doing
C. to work, to doing
D. to working, to do
9. Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me, but I don’t think it is necessary.
A. to buy
B. buying
C. on buying
D. in buying
10. “Do you have anything more ______, sir?” “No. You can have a rest or do something e lse.”
A. typing
B. to be typed
C. typed
D. to type
11. She took her son, ran out of the house, _____ him in the car and drove quickly to
the nearest doctor’s office.
A. put
B. to put
C. putting
D. having put
类似地如：
I got out of the taxi, _____ the fare and dashed into the station.
A. paid
B. paying
C. to pay
D.
但是，下面一题稍有不同：
Hearing the news, he rushed out, ______ the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open
B. leaving; lying open
C. leaving; lie opened
D. left; lay opened
12. The boss insisted that every minute ______ made full use of ______ the work well.
A. be, to do
B. was, doing
C. be, doing
D. was, to do
(1) The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of ______
the power station.
A. to build
B. building
C. build
D. built
(2) Does the way you thought of _______ the water clean make any sense?
A. making
B. to make
C. how to make
D. having made
13. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.
A. carried out
B. carrying out
C. carry out
D. to carry out
请做以下类似试题：
(1) Who do you think you’d like _____ with you, a boy or a girl?
A. to have go
B. to have to go
C. to have gone
D. having to go
(2) Who did the boss _____ his car this time?
A. make wash
B. make to wash
C. make washing
D. making to wash
(3) You can never imagine what great difficulty I had ______ your house all by myself.
A. found
B. finding
C. to find
D. for finding
14. How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.
A. to has come
B. to have come
C. to having come
D. has come
(1) The man you referred to _____ just now.
A. comes
B. come
C. coming
D. came
(2) The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.
A. proves
B. prove
C. proving
D. be proved
(3) The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising.
A. was
B. be
C. being
D. been
(4) I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.
A. to help
B. help
C. helping
D. helped
(5) Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend, swimming or fishing?
A. spending
B. being spent
C. spend
D. to
spend
(6) What the boy enjoys _____ to have a room of his own.
A. being
B. to be
C. is
D. are
(7) Nothing that he suggested _____ to be of any use.
A. prove
B. proved
C. proving
D. to prove
(8) The old house we paid a visit _____ at the top of the hill.
A. standing
B. to stand
C. to standing
D. to stands
(9) The life he is now used _____ quite different from ours.
A. is
B. to be
C. to being
D. to is
(10) The work he paid special attention _____ to nothing.
A. came
B. to come
C. to coming
D. to came
(10) The result what he said would lead _____ his regret in the future.
A. is
B. to be
C. to being
D. to was
15. _______ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.
A. Follow
B. Following
C. To follow
D. Followed
假若将此题改为下面这样：
_______ the road round to the right, you’ll fi nd his house.
A. Follow
B. Following
C. To follow
D. Followed
但是，若改成下面一题这样：
_______ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A. Follow
B. Following
C. To follow
D. Followed
(1) _______ to the top of the hill, and you can see the whole of the town.
A. Get
B. To get
C. Getting
D. Having got
(2) ______ the milk and set a good example to the other children.
A. Drink
B. To drink
C. Drinking
D. Having drinking
(3) ______ me, and then try to copy what I do.
A. Watch
B. Watching
C. To watch
D. Have watching
(4) _____ through this book and tell me what you think of it.
A. Look
B. Looking
C. To look
D. Having looked
(5) _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. Leave
B. Leaving
C. If you leave
D. When left
(6) _____ down the radio —the baby’s asleep in the next room.
A. Turn
B. Turning
C. to turn
D. To have turned
(7) _____ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it.
A. Try
B. Trying
C. To try
D. To have tried
(8) ______ him enough time to get home before you telephone.
A. Give
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Given
(9) ______ left when you get to the end of the street.
A. Keep
B. Keeping
C. To keep
D. Kept
(10) ______ your hand over your mouth when you cough.
A. Put
B. Putting
C. To put
D. To be putting
(11)______ until the lights have turned to green.
A. Wait
B. To wait
C. Waiting
D. Having waited
(12) ______ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.
A. Join
B. To join
C. Joining
D. Joined
(13) I don’t want to listen a long story — just _____ me the result.
A. tell
B. telling
C. to tell
D. to be telling
(14) Why stand there watching — _____ and help us!
A. come
B. coming
C. to come
D. to be coming
(15) Don’t waste your money on silly things — ______ it.
A. save
B. to save
C. saving
D. having saved
(16) First ______ the rice by washing it, then ______ it in boiling water.
A. prepare, cook
B. preparing, cooking
C. preparing, cook
D. prepare, cooking
(17) To test eggs, _____ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.
A. put
B. putting
C. to put
D. to be putting
(18) ______ French well, she went to France to live with his cousins.
A. Study
B. To study
C. Studying
D. Having studied
(19) _____ late in the morning, Mr. Smith turned off the alarm.
A. Sleep
B. To sleep
C. Sleeping
D. Having slept
(20) ______ the flies out, we had to shut all the doors and windows.
A. Keep
B. To keep
C. Keeping
D. Having kept
(21) ______ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.
A. Improving
B. To improve
C. Improve
D. Having improved
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
2. When you’re learning to drive, _______ a good teacher makes a big difference.
A. have
B. having
C. and have
D. and having
3. I felt it a great honour ______ to speak to you.
A. to ask
B. asking
C. to be asked
D. having asked
4. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish
a report.
A. to go
B. to have gone
C. going
D. having gone
5. Before you decide to leave your job, _______ the effect it will have on your family.
A. consider
B. considering
C. to consider
D. considered
6. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
B. to study
C. to be studying
D. to have been studying
7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
8. Anyone _______ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.
A. seen carry
B. seen carrying
C. saw to carry
D. saw carrying
9. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up
B. setting up
C. have set up
D. having set up
10. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.
A. the thief having caught
B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught
D. the thief to be caught
11. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.
A. visit
B. paying a visit
C. walk in
D. walking in
12. To test eggs, _______ them in a bowl of water: if they float they’re bad, if they sink they’re good.
A. put
B. putting
C. to put
D. to be putting
13. “Where is David?” “He is upstairs ______ ready to go out.”
A. to get
B. getting
C. to be getting
D. having got
14. “Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?” “________ enough
protein and nutrition as you are growing up.”
A. Get
B. Getting
C. To get
D. to be getting
15. He was reading his book, completely _______ to the world.
A. lost
B. losing
C. to lose
D. to have lost
16. We looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _______.
A. to find
B. to have found
C. to be found
D.
being found
17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not do
18. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.
A. smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
19. Finding her car stolen, _______.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searching thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
20. “How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the
customers?” “The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.”
A. to solving, making
B. to solving, made
C. to solve, making
D. to solve, made
21. “What do you think made Mary so upset?” “_______ her new bike.”
A. As she lost
B. Lost
C. Losing
D. Because of losing
22. The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
23. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacked in
24. Tony was very unhappy for _______ to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
25. Though I have often heard this song _______. I have never heard you _______ it.
A. being sung, sang
B. sang, singing
C. sung, sing
D. to be sung, to sing
26. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _______ to.
A. spoken
B. speaking
C. speak
D. be spoken
28. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _______.
A. to send
B. for sending it
C. to send it to
D. for sending it to
29. _______ on time, this medicine will be quite effective.
A. Taking
B. Being taken
C. Taken
D. Having taken
30. The film star walked to his car, ______ a crowd of journalists.
A. followed by
B. following by
C. to follow
D. to be followed by
31. After describing the planned improvements, she went on _______ how much they would cost.
A. to explain
B. explaining
C. to be explaining
D. having explained
32. Please excuse me _______ your letter by mistake.
A. to open
B. to have opened
C. for opening
D. in opening
33. Please remember _______ the plants while I’m away.
A. watering
B. to be watering
C. to water
D. being watering
34. Certainly I posted your letter — I remember ______ it.
A. posting
B. to post
C. to be posting
D. have posted
35. Stop _______ me to hurry up. I can only go so fast.
A. to tell
B. telling
C. to have told
D. having told
36. Remember _______ off the light when _______ to bed.
A. turning, going
B. to turn, to go
C. turning, to go
D. to turn, going
37. _______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Given
38. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Being founded
B. It was founded
C. Founded
D. Founding
39. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ________.
A. 20 dollars remained
B. 20 dollars to remain
C. remained 20 dollars
D. remaining 20 dollars
40. The picture _______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
41. With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. setting
C. to settle
D. being settled
42. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______
whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
43. Tony was very unhappy for _______ to the party.
A. having not been invited
B. not having invited
C. having not invited
D. not having been invited
44. “Good morning. Can I help you?” “I’d like to have this package _______.”
A. be weighed
B. to be weighed
C. to weigh
D. weighed
45. What have we said _______ her so happy?
A. makes
B. to make
C. made
D. has made
46. What worried the child most was ______ to visit his mother in the hospital.
A. his not allowing
B. his not being allowed
C his being not allowed D. having not being allowed
47. “Which sweater is yours?” “The one _______ No. 9.”
A. that marked
B. was marked with
C. which marked
D. marked with
48.If the car won’t start, _____ it.
A. try push
B. try pushing
C. to try pushing
D. to try to push
49. They stayed up until midnight _____ the old year out and the new year in.
A. and saw
B. to see
C. seeing
D. for seeing
2010年真题汇编
1.(全国I 27). Mrs. White showed her student some old maps _________from the library.
A. to borrow
B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed
D. borrowing
2.(全国I 34).With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank______ presents
for my dad.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. to have bought
3.(全国卷II 11).Though ______ to see us，the professor gave us a warm welcome。
A. surprise B was surprised C. surprised D. being surprised
4.(安徽卷30). He had wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all corners of the word
A. travel
B. to travel
C. traveled
D. traveling
5.(北京卷21). at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking
B. Look
C. To look
D. Looked
6.（北京卷25）. I'm calling to enquire about the position in yesterday's China Daily.
A. advertised
B. to be advertise d
C. advertising
D. having advertised
7．（福建卷34）. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud
A. sticking
B. stuck
C. to be stuck
D. to have stuck
8．（福建卷25）.Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock ,
supplies to Yushu, Oinghai province after the earthquake.
A. sending
B. to send
C. having sent
D. to have sent
9．（湖南卷21）. Listen! Do you hear someone __________for help?
A. calling
B. call
C. to call
D. called
10.（湖南卷26 Dina, _______ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a
position at a local advertising agency.
A. struggling
B. struggled
C. having struggled D . to struggle
11.(湖南卷30). So far nobody has claimed the money ___________________in the library.
A. discovered
B. to be discovered
C. discovering
D. having discovered
12.(江苏卷28). The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged
by the earthquake in Yushu,
________ the students to return to their classrooms.
A. enabling
B. having enabled
C. to enable
D. to have enabled
13.(江西卷24). The lady welled around the shops, an eye out for bargains.
A. keep
B. kept
C. keeping
D. to keep
14.(江西卷32). There were many talented actors out there just waiting .
A. to discover
B. to be discovered
C. discovered D .being discovered 15．(辽宁卷25. We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.
A. finding
B. to find
C. find
D. to be found 16．（辽宁卷35）. Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles .
A. to recognize
B. recognizing
C. recognize
D. recognized
17．（山东卷23）. I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term.
A. completing
B. to complete
C. completed
D. being completed 18．（山东卷29）. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid
B. laying
C. to lay
D. being laid 19．（陕西卷19）. His first book next month is based on a true story.
A. published
B. to be published
C. to publish
D. being published
20．（陕西卷16）._____from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. Have seen
D. To see
21．（四川卷11）. In many people’s opini on，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant .
A. to deal with
B. dealing with
C. to be dealt with
D. dealt with 22．（四川卷4）A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano.
A. to question
B. to be questioned
C. questioned
D. questioning
23．（四川卷17）. The lawyer listened with full attention，to miss any point.
A. not trying
B. trying not
C. to try not
D. not to try 24．（天津卷12）. I rained heavily in the south, _______ serious flooding in several provinces.
A. caused
B. having caused
C. causing
D. to cause
25. (重庆卷30). The news shocked the public, to great concern about students’ safety at school.
A. having led
B. led
C. leading
D. to lead
26.(重庆卷34). Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one first is the library.
A. repaired
B. being repaired
C. repairing
D. to be repaired
27．（浙江卷8）. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if __ regularly, can improve our health.
A. being carried out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
28.（浙江卷20）. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and __ less
than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A. being weighed
B. to weigh
C. weighed
D. weighing
29．（上海卷32）. I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A. find
B. found
C. to find
D. finding
30.（上海卷33）. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her
colleagues_______ with her stories.
A. amused
B. amusing
C. to amuse
D. to be amused
31．(上海卷35). the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
A. Approaching
B. Approached
C. To approach
D. To be approached
32．(上海卷40). Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
A. reducing
B. to reduce
C. reduced
D. reduce
1.【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could 就断定此处应填动词原形enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在could 后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and
doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语
(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)
一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的
性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习
以便赶上他的同学。
值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to 不定式。
(1) 此题的答案是C不是A，其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(2) 此题答案选C，这与前面动词spent 的搭配有关，即spend … (in) doing
sth。若将此句补充完整，即为He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(3) 此题答案选D，注意两点：一是devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……
贡献给……”；二是其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要
用动名词。
2. 【陷阱】容易误选B，根据can’t help doing sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：
can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事
can’t help d oing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一题，
再请看以下试题：
此题应选C，句中的can’t help 意为“禁不住”（注意根据句意用被动形式）。
3.【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用devote…to…或be devoted to，其
中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将do 改为doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并
没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整
体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D
将中的is 改为being也可选它。
请做以下类似题：
(1) (2) A (1) B (2) B 因为句中使用了并列连词and：
4. 【陷阱】容易误选C，受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。
【分析】其实答案应选B，句中的逗号相当于连词and 或but，not to make it more difficult 是对逗号前的不定式to make life easier 的补充说
明。此句的意思是“新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易，而不是
使生活变得更困难”。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语purpose 的
内容。
请做以下类似试题
答案选B
5. 【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。从意义上看，hands 与tie 的关系应属被动关系，故排除D。在A、B、C三个选项中，选项A比较容易排除，因为不
定式表示将来意义，在此与语境不符。现将B和C作一比较：B为
现在分词的被动式，它表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表进行，
也就是说his hands being tied 的实际意思是“他的手正在被捆住”，
这显然与语境不符。而C为过去分词，它也表示两层意义，一是表
被动，二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态，此句中的with his hands
tied behind his back 可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态。由此可知最佳
答案为C。
请看下面一题：
答案选B而不选C，其中的过去分词表示被动和完成。
比较下面两题，最佳答案是D不是A，现在分词的被动式表示被动和进行：
(1) D (2) D
6. 【陷阱】容易误选A。受remind sb of (doing) sth 这一常用结构的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为C。比较以下三个结构：
remind sb of [about] sth = 使某人想起某事
remind sb of doing sth = 提醒某人做过某事（暗示动作已发生）
remind sb to do sth = 提醒某人去做某事（暗示动作尚未发生）
请看两个例句：
I reminded him of his promise. 我提醒他做过的诺言。
My wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾经看过那部电影。
Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow? 你明天能否提醒我给她打电话? 7.【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly 的修饰。
A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词fly。但若选A，you fly 是一个
主谓结构，与其后的谓语will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词
flying在此用作主语。
8.【陷阱】容易误选A，认为两个空白处均应填不定式。
【分析】正确答案为B，因为get used to与pay attention to 这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动
词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to 也是介词，不是不定式符号，
后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形：
look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事
object to doing sth反对做某事
stick to doing sth 坚持做某事
get down to doing sth 开始做某事
take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事
admit to doing 承认做了某事
pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事
devote one’s time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事
be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事
What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样
9. 【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为insist后不能接不定式，但可以接动名词。
【分析】答案应选C。其实，动词insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist 通常用作不及物动词；若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词on
或upon，即用于insist on [upon] (doing) sth；但它有时的确也可用作
及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是that 从句，而不能是普通的名词、
代词或动名词。如：
He insisted on seeing her home. 他坚持送她回家。
I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
10.【陷阱】容易误选D，根据have sth to do 这一常用结构推出。
【分析】最佳答案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如I have some clothes to wash
等，即尽管其中的some clothes 与其后的不定式to wash 具有被动
关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类
句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如I have some clothes to
wash 中的to wash 就是由该句主语I 来完成的。而上面一题的情
形有所不同，即其中的to type 这一动作不是由句子主语you来完
成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较：
Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？
I’m going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。
11. 【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。
【分析】正确答案选A。句中的took, ran, put, drove 为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。答案选A
但是，下面一题稍有不同：
此题答案选B，leaving 在此表结果，lying open 与其前的动词leave有关，leave 后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。
12. 【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。分析如下：
(1) 第一空填be，是因为insisted 后接that从句，从句谓语要用“should+动
词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should也可省略。
(2) 第二空要填to do，是因为此句谓语为被动语态，假若将此句转换成主动
语态，则是…should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及make use of … to do sth (利用……做某事)这一结构。另外，还有make the most of (尽量利用)，make the best of (尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。
(1) 此题答案选A，不是B。为便于理解，可先考虑以下结构：
…make use of every part of the materials to build the power station
由此可见，make use of 的宾语是every part of the materials，其后的不定式to build the power station 为目的状语。
(2) 此题答案选B，不是A。句子主语是the way，you thought of 是修饰主
语的定语从句，不定式to make the water clean 也是修饰主语的定语，也就是说，句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。
13. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】答案选A。此句结构较复杂，现分析如下：
(1) that they would like to see _____ the next year 是修饰名词the plan 的定
语从句。
(2) 由于the plan 与空格处的carry out 有被动关系，故填过去分词carried out。
请做以下类似试题：
(1) 在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：
I think I’d like to have a boy go wit h me.
句中的go 要用原形，这是因为其前有表示使役的动词have。在此句中，假若对名词a boy 提问，便可得出：
Who do you think you’d like to have go with you?
对照上面一题，答案很显然是A。
(2) 在做此题之前，也请先看看下面这个句子：
The boss made Jack wash his car this time.
假若对句中的名词Jack 提问，便可得出：
Who did the boss make wash his car this time?
由此可知上面题答案为A。
(3) 此题答案选B。考查的基本结构是have great difficulty (in) doing sth。
14. 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道，短语look forward to意为“盼望”，其中的to 是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词要用动名词，
许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是，句中介词to 的宾语不是have
come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday为句子主
语，we have been looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词to
的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，被省略)，has come 是
句子谓语。
(1) 答案选D。句子主语为the man，you referred to 为修饰the man 的定语
从句，空白处填came，为句子谓语。
(2) 答案选A。he sticks to 是修饰主语the theory 的定语从句，句子的基本结
构为The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.
(3) 答案选A。he devoted his time to 是修饰主语the work 的定语从句。句子
的基本结构为The work was worth praising.
(4) 答案是A。句中空格处填的动词help 并不是finish 的宾语，正确的句子
分析是：that I must finish 是修饰名词the very work 的定语从句，finish 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，其后的不定式to help her 是目的状语。
(5) 答案选D。enjoy 的宾语是句首的疑问词which，不是其后的动词
spending。此题中的to spend… 用作目的状语。
(6) 答案选C。而不选A。what the boy enjoys 是主语从句，空格处填的is 为谓语动词。
(7) 答案选B。而不选C。句子主语是nothing，that he suggested 是修饰主语
的定语从句，suggested 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that，而不
是其后的动词；句子谓语是proved。全句意为“他建议的情况没有一条是
有用的。
(8) 答案选D。we paid a visit to 是修饰the old house 的定语从句，句中的stands 为主句谓语。
(9) 答案选D。句中he is now used to 是修饰the life 的定语从句，to 后的动
词is 是句子的谓语，句意为“他现在习惯的这种生活与我们的生活很不相同”。
(10) 答案选D。句中的he paid special attention to 是修饰the work 的定语从
句，to 后的动词came 是句子的谓语，句意为“他特别关注的那项工
作泡汤了”。
(11) 答案选D。句中what he said would lead to 是修饰the result 的定语从句，
to 后的动词was 是句子的谓语，句意为“他所说的话将导致的结果是他
今后的后悔”。
15.【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。
【分析】正确答案选A。根据句中的连词and 可推知它是一个并列句。
假若将此题改为下面这样
答案为B
但是，若改成下面一题这样
答案为C 不定式短语表目的
(1) A (2) A (3) A (4) (5) A(6) A(7) A (8) A(9) A(10) A(11) A(12) A(13) A (14) A(15)
A(16) A(17) A(18) (19) A(20) A(21) A
都是因为句中的并列连词and（填空句为祈使句）
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
【答案与解析】
1.选D。catch sb doing sth 意为“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。
2.选B。这是一个含when 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主语。
3.选C。句中的it 为形式主语，不定式to be asked to speak to you 为真正
主语，因“我”与ask为被动关系，故用被动式。
4.选B。like 和love后接不定式或动名词均可，但would love / like 后只
能接不定式，据此可排除选项C、D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，其后
要接不定式完成式，即选B。
5.选A，before 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为一祈使
句，故动词用原形。其中it will have … 为修饰名词the effect 的宾语从
句。
6.选A。根据句中的studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，也就是说“留学”
这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，故用完成式，即选A。
7.选C。do with 与what 连用可以表示“处置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：
What shall I do with it? 怎样处置它好呢?
What have you done with my umbrella? 你把我的雨伞放到哪里去了?
I don’t know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。
8.选B。anyone seen carrying bags…为anyone who was seen carrying bags 之
略，其中过去分词短语seen carrying bags … 用作定语修饰代词anyone。
另外，句中的who was seen carrying bags 为see sb doing sth 这一结构的
被动式。
9.选B。devote…to… 的意思是“把……贡献给……”或“致力于……”，其中
to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后动词要用动名词。句中的he had 为定语从句，用以修饰all，注意不将had to 视为同一个语义结构。
10.选C。lead to 意为“导致”，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后
接动词要用动名词。由于逻辑主语the thief 与catch 为被动关系，故答案选C。
11.选D。look forward to 意为“期盼”，其中to 是介词，后接动词要用动
名词。注意不能选B，因为pay a visit 不能带the flower-lined garden 作
宾语，假若在paying a visit 后加上介词to，则可选B。
12.选A。句首的to test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句谓语，故要用动词原形。
13.选B。现在分词短语表伴随。
14.选C。to get enough protein and nutrition 表目的。
15.选A。(be) lost to sth 为习语，意为“不再受某事物的影响”、“将某事物置之度外”。
16.选C。因keys 与find 是被动关系。
17.选A。不定式的否定式总是将否定词not 置于不定式符号to 之前，而
不能置于其后，同时结合tell sb (not) to do sth 这一结构可排除选项C、
D。当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通
常省略该不定式而只保留不定式符号to。
18.选B。find 后可接现在分词（表示动作在进行）或过去分词（表被动关
系）作宾语补足语，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 与smoke 是主动
关系，故选B。
19.选D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。比较四个选项，
finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语显然是she，而不是a policeman, the
area, it 等，故选D。
20.选B。the key to… 意为“……的关键”，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式
符号，若后接动词要用动名词。另一方面，名词demand 与make 是被
动关系(make demands 提出要求)，同时根据句中的by the customers，
可确定答案选B。
21.选C。答句是针对疑问词what 的回答，而问句中的疑问词what 在句
中用作主语，所以答句也应是一个能用作主语的东西，比较四个选项，
只有C合适。其完整回答形式为Losing her new bike made Mary so upset.
比较，下面一题要填不定式，因为四个选项中只有To choose a new
chairman 能回答疑问词why：
“Why was a special meeting called?” “______ a new chairman.”
A. Choose
B. Choosing
C. To choose
D. Chosen
22.选D。由于the research 与begin 是被动关系，故用过去分词begun。
Once begun 可视为once it is begun 之省略。
23.选C。由于his parents 与lack money(缺钱)是主动关系，故用现在分词，
又因为lack 是及物动词，故后接宾语无需用介词，故选C。
24.选D。非谓语动词的否定式要将否定词not 放在整个非谓语动词之前，
据此可排除A、C。另外，由于Tony 与invite 是被动关系，故选D。
25. C。第一空填sung，因为song 与sing 是被动关系；第二空填sing，因
为you 与sing 是主动关系。
27.选A。until spoken to 可视为until he is spoken to 之略。
28.选C。不定式短语to send it to 用作这语，修饰其前的名词the person。
注意句尾的介词to 不能省略，因为被修饰的名词the person 为介词to
的逻辑宾语。
29.选C。this medicine 与动词take 为被动关系，故用过去分词。
30.选A。从句意上看，人群跟在明星后面，反过来，明星便是被人群跟着。
31.选A。go on doing sth = 继续做同一事情，go on to do sth = 做完某事后续继做某事。
32.选C。excuse sb for doing sth 意为“原谅某人做了某事”。
33.选C。remember doing sth = 记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth = 记住要做的事。
34.选A。remember doing sth = 记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth = 记住要做的事。
35.选B。根据下文的I can only go so fast 知前文应是叫对方不要老催自己
快走。比较：stop doing sth = 停止做某事，stop to do sth = 停下正在做
的事去干另一事。
36.选D。一是分清以下两个结构：remember to do sth=记住做某事，remember
doing sth=记住曾做过某事；二是注意when going to bed 相当于when
you go to bed。
37.选D。由于动词give 与其逻辑主语he 是动宾关系，故用过去分词，
即选D。其中Given time 可视为If he is given time 之略。
38.选C。由于Harvard(哈佛大学)与found(建立)是被动关系，且因句中有in
1636，故选C。注意不能选B，否则前后两句之间缺少必要的连词。
39.选D。由于remain 为不及物动词，所以包含过去分词remained的A和
C不宜选(因为两者均含有被动意味)；选项B也不宜选，不定式to remain
用作修饰20 dollars 的后置定语，由于彼此之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，
故不妥（因为remain 不及物）。现在分词remaining 的意思是“剩下的”。
40.选B。动词hang 表示“悬挂”时，可用作及物或不及物动词，此处填
hanging 或hung 均可，但不能填being hung，因为它表示动作正在进
行，而此处表示的是一种悬挂的状态。
41.选C。“with+名词+不定式”的意思是“有……要……”。又如：
I can’t go out with al l these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。
With such good cardres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe. 有这样
的好干部执行党的政策，我们感到放心。
42.选B。remain 作“尚需”解，是连系动词，其后要接不定式作表语。由于
see 与it(形式主语，指whether they will enjoy it)是动宾关系，因此用不
定式的被动式。
43.选D。否定词not 应放在动名词之前，故排除A、C；又因为Tony 与invite 是被动关系，故选D。
44.选D。“have+名词或代词+过去分词”结构在此表示“请某人做某事”。
45.选B。to make her so happy 是结果状语。注意词序What have we…，不
是What we have…。比较下面一题(答案选D)：
What we have said ________ her so happy.
A. makes
B. to make
C. made
D. has made
46.选B。否定词not 应放在-ing 形式之前，逻辑主语his 之后，由此可
排除 C 和D；又因为the child 与allow 是被动关系，故选B。
47.选D。marked with 可视为which is marked with No. 9 之略。
48.选B。注意句首为if 引导的条件状语从句，填空句为祈使句，故第一个
动词应是try，不应是to try；另外，try doing sth 的意思是“做某事试试
看有何效果”。
49.选B。不定式表目的。